華僑大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2017年華僑大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解

2018年華僑大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題

2017年華僑大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)

考研真題及詳解

PartⅠVocabularyandstructure(30%)

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbest

completethesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

Sheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.Ittookfivedaystoclimbthemountainandonlyonedayto_____.

A.dispose

B.decline

C.descend

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】句意：爬上山需要5天，而下山只需要一天。descend下

降；下來(lái)。dispose布置；安排；處理。decline（數(shù)量、價(jià)值、質(zhì)量等

的）減少；下降；衰落。degrade降低……身份；侮辱……的人格。故選

C。

2.Successingraduallyovercomingherhandicapshad_____the

formerlyshyandunhappyHelen.

A.reconciled

B.reclaimed

C.transformed

D.triggered

【答案】C

【解析】句意：海倫不斷克服自身缺陷取得的成功，改變了原來(lái)那

個(gè)害羞且憂郁的她。handicap障礙；阻礙；生理缺陷。transform使改變

外觀（或性質(zhì)）；使改觀。reconcile使和諧一致；調(diào)和。reclaim拿回；

要求歸還。trigger觸發(fā)；引起。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)前后的變化，故選C。

3.DuetotheinventionofThomasEdison,peoplecouldnowuse

electricityto_____theirhome.

A.kindle

B.illuminate

C.gleam

D.glitter

【答案】B

【解析】句意：因?yàn)閻?ài)迪生的發(fā)明，人們現(xiàn)在可以用電燈來(lái)照明。

illuminate照亮；照明。kindle點(diǎn)燃；開(kāi)始燃燒。gleam閃爍；發(fā)微光。

glitter閃耀；閃亮。電燈照亮了屋子，故選B。

4.Thebottlescarriedthewarning“If_____ontoclothingorskin,wash

immediately!”

A.accumulated

B.littered

C.dispersed

D.splashed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：瓶身上寫著警告事項(xiàng)：“如果不小心濺到衣物或者皮

膚，請(qǐng)立即清洗！”。splash（把衣服等）濺污。accumulate積累；積

聚。litter亂扔；使亂七八糟。disperse驅(qū)散；散開(kāi)；傳播。故選D。

5.Everyyear,thousandsofpassengersarekilledbecauseof_____

behaviorofadrunkdriver.

A.unreasonable

B.reckless

C.haughty

D.casual

【答案】B

【解析】句意：每年成千上萬(wàn)的行人都因司機(jī)酒駕這種不計(jì)后果的

行為而斃命。reckless魯莽的；不計(jì)后果的；輕率的。unreasonable不合

理的；不公正的。haughty高傲自大的。casual不經(jīng)意的；漫不經(jīng)心的。

本題強(qiáng)調(diào)酒駕司機(jī)不負(fù)責(zé)任，不尊重他人生命的輕率態(tài)度，故選B。

6.Languagemakespossibletheexchangeandthe_____ofideas

betweenmen.

A.interaction

B.transmission

C.extension

D.recommendation

【答案】A

【解析】句意：語(yǔ)言使得思想之間的交流和互動(dòng)成為可能。

interaction相互作用，相互影響，互動(dòng)。transmission（電子信號(hào)，數(shù)

據(jù)）傳播；傳遞。extension延伸；延長(zhǎng)；recommendation推薦，介紹。

本題主要強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)言溝通雙方的互動(dòng)，interaction和exchange同義，故選

A。

7.ThetragedyoftheChallenger_____anongoingcontroversyonall

aspectsofAmerica’sspaceprogram.

A.arose

B.resulted

C.ignited

D.started

【答案】C

【解析】句意：挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)的悲劇引發(fā)了人們關(guān)于美國(guó)航天各方面的

持續(xù)爭(zhēng)議。ignite點(diǎn)燃；（使）燃燒，這里形象化表明挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)的悲劇

的震撼性。arise出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生，是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不能直接加賓語(yǔ)。

result（因……）發(fā)生，后面接導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果時(shí)要加in。start啟動(dòng)；開(kāi)始，

用在此處不恰當(dāng)。故選C。

8.Hehadspentallofhismoneyin_____livingandhadtogotowork

asadaylaborerinDenver.

A.romantic

B.decent

C.modest

D.extravagant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他之前生活奢侈無(wú)度，花光了所有的錢，現(xiàn)在不得

不到丹佛市打工。extravagant奢侈的；揮霍的。romantic浪漫的。decent

得體的；相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的。modest適度的；有節(jié)制的。故選D。

9.BeforeshecouldreachtheshoetheWitchhas_____itawayandput

itonherfoot.

A.thrown

B.hauled

C.whirled

D.snatched

【答案】D

【解析】句意：她的腳還沒(méi)夠到鞋子，女巫已經(jīng)一把抓起鞋子套在

她腳上。snatch一把抓起；一下奪過(guò)。throw扔；拋；丟。haul（用力）

拖，拉，拽；用力緩慢挪動(dòng)到（某處）。whirl使旋轉(zhuǎn)，回旋，打轉(zhuǎn)。故

選D。

10.TuitioninauniversityoftheUnitedStatesvaries_____depending

onthetypeofinstitutionanditsendowment.

A.substantially

B.occasionally

C.slightly

D.abnormally

【答案】C

【解析】句意：美國(guó)各高校根據(jù)機(jī)構(gòu)類型和資質(zhì)不同，學(xué)費(fèi)略有差

異。slightly輕微地；些微地。substantially基本上；大體上。occasionally

偶爾地；間或。abnormally反常地；不正常地。故選C。

11.Hewas_____whenhefoundthathehadbeentakeninbyhisrival.

A.furnace

B.furious

C.fuse

D.furnish

【答案】B

【解析】句意：當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被對(duì)手欺騙的時(shí)候，他感到十分憤

怒。betakenin意為“受騙；上當(dāng)；中計(jì)”。furious狂怒的；暴怒的。

furnace熔爐，名詞。fuse保險(xiǎn)絲；導(dǎo)火線。furnish在（房屋等）處布置

家具；向（某人或某事物）供應(yīng)。故選B。

12.Cigarettesmokinghasbeen_____withbreastaswellaslung

cancer.

A.chained

B.contacted

C.associated

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】句意：吸煙和乳腺癌以及肺癌密切相關(guān)。beassociatedwith

與……有關(guān)。bechainedto被束縛在；為……束搏。becontactedwith

與……聯(lián)系。beintegratedwith與……結(jié)合起來(lái)；各部分密切協(xié)調(diào)的。

故選C。

13.Scientistshavespentyears_____intotheeffectsofcertain

chemicalsonhumanbrainwithnoresult.

A.studying

B.researching

C.investigating

D.inspecting

【答案】B

【解析】句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年來(lái)研究特定化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)人腦

的影響，但一無(wú)所獲。researchinto對(duì)……進(jìn)行研究。study表研究，后

面一般直接加研究的對(duì)象。investigate調(diào)查。inspect檢查；視察。故選

B。

14.Haveyouseenthelatest_____ofthemagazine?

A.copy

B.edition

C.issue

D.volume

【答案】C

【解析】句意：你看過(guò)這雜志的最新一期嗎？issue發(fā)行；期號(hào)，

latestissue最新一期；最新刊。copy（書、報(bào)紙等的）一本，一冊(cè)，一

份；（報(bào)刊等的）稿件。edition版次；版本（出版形式）。volume（成

套書籍中的）一卷，一冊(cè)。故選C。

15.Thestrongstormdidalotofdamagetothecoastalvillage:several

fishingboatswere_____andmanyhousescollapsed.

A.wrecked

B.spoiled

C.torn

D.injured

【答案】A

【解析】句意：強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴嚴(yán)重破壞了這個(gè)海邊村莊，幾艘漁船被毀

壞，很多房屋垮塌。wreck使（船舶）失事；使遇難；使下沉。spoil糟

蹋；毀掉；變質(zhì)；腐敗。tear撕裂；撕開(kāi)；撕破。injure（人在事故中）

傷害，使受傷。此處特指船，故選A。

16.Isthiswatch_____youwishtohave_____?

A.theone;repaired

B.which;itrepaired

C.theone;itrepaired

D.which;repaired

【答案】A

【解析】句意：你想修理的是這個(gè)手表嗎？可先將疑問(wèn)句改成陳述

句：Thiswatchis…youwishtohave…第一空所缺的是定語(yǔ)從句的先行

詞，用theone來(lái)代替上文的thiswatch，又因?yàn)閠heone后面的關(guān)系代詞在

定語(yǔ)從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略，再加it與省略的關(guān)系代詞重復(fù)，

故選A。

17._____aplantodealwithitisimportant.

A.Thatweshouldworkout

B.Weshouldworkout

C.Whatweshouldworkout

D.Thatwhatweshouldworkout

【答案】A

【解析】句意：制定出處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的計(jì)劃是非常重要的。is是句子

的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因而is前面是主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，此主語(yǔ)從句不缺少成

分的，所以要用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。故選A。

18.Ishouldverymuchliketohavegonetothatpartyoftheirs,but

_____.

A.I’mnotinvited

B.Ihavenotbeeninvited

C.Iwasnotinvited

D.Ihadnotbeeninvited

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我本來(lái)很樂(lè)意去參加他們的聚會(huì)，但是我沒(méi)有被邀

請(qǐng)。邀請(qǐng)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，這里是稱述過(guò)去事實(shí)，用一

般過(guò)去時(shí)符合題意，故選C。

19.Heasksthathe_____moretimetoreviewhislessons.

A.mustgive

B.begiven

C.shouldgive

D.hastobegiven

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他要求有更多的時(shí)間復(fù)習(xí)功課。ask表示“要求”時(shí)，

從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+V，should可以省略。此處是

被給予時(shí)間，所以用被動(dòng)。故選B。

20.Hequiteagreedtohersuggestionthathe_____artinParisfor

anothertwoyears.

A.study

B.studies

C.wouldstudy

D.mightstudy

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他十分贊同她給的建議，再去巴黎學(xué)習(xí)兩年藝術(shù)。

suggestion當(dāng)“建議”講時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句中用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should

可省略。故選A。

21._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.

A.Losing

B.Havinglost

C.Lost

D.Tolose

【答案】C

【解析】句意：心不在焉，他差點(diǎn)撞上迎面駛來(lái)的汽車。過(guò)去分詞

作原因狀語(yǔ)，原句可改為“Becausehewaslostinthought,healmostran

intothecarinfrontofhim.”從句邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致都是he，省

去了邏輯主語(yǔ)。故選C。

22.Thenextmorningthehunterwokeuponly_____himselflyingnext

toalion.

A.found

B.finding

C.wastofine

D.tofind

【答案】D

【解析】句意：第二天早晨，獵人醒來(lái)竟然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己和獅子躺在一

起。onlytofind表示“結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)”動(dòng)詞不定式表示結(jié)果，通常不是人們所

期望的結(jié)果，往往是不好的結(jié)果。故選D。

23.Themotherdidn’tknowwho_____forthebrokenglass.

A.willblame

B.toblame

C.tobeblamed

D.blamed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：杯子被打碎了，媽媽不知道該責(zé)備誰(shuí)。blamesb.for

sth.為某事責(zé)備某人。這里的主語(yǔ)是mother，相當(dāng)于“mothertoblame

who”，who是疑問(wèn)詞提到前面。疑問(wèn)詞加不定式。故選B。

24.Theyareconsidering_____beforethepricesgoup.

A.ofbuyingstocks

B.withbuyingstocks

C.buyingstocks

D.tobuystocks

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他們打算在價(jià)格上漲前買入股票。considerdoing考

慮要做某事。故選C。

25.Theratioofboys_____girlsinthatschoolhasnotchangealot.

A.for

B.with

C.against

D.to

【答案】D

【解析】句意：這所學(xué)校男女比例并沒(méi)有很大變化。ratio…to…

與……之間的比率。故選D。

26.You_____yesterdayifyouwerereallyseriousaboutyourstudy.

A.oughttocome

B.oughttobecoming

C.oughttohavecome

D.oughttohavetocome

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果你真的緊張這份工作，你昨天就該來(lái)了。這是

一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣，oughttohavedone本應(yīng)該做某事但沒(méi)有做，這里指本應(yīng)

該來(lái)但是沒(méi)有來(lái)。故選C。

27.Ithoughttheywouldcomeforavisit,butitseemstheyarestaying

_____.

A.forgood

B.atlength

C.invain

D.atease

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我以為他們只是來(lái)看望我們的，但看來(lái)他們想一直

住在這里了。forgood永遠(yuǎn)；一勞永逸地；永遠(yuǎn)地。這里本來(lái)以為是短

暫的拜訪，沒(méi)想到成為長(zhǎng)期的。atlength，終于；最終。invain徒然；

白白地。atease安逸；舒適。

故選A。

28.Thebusinessofeachday,_____sellinggoodsorshippingthem,

wentquitesmoothly.

A.itbeing

B.beit

C.wasit

D.itwas

【答案】B

【解析】句意：日常業(yè)務(wù)，不管是售貨還是運(yùn)貨，都十分順利。be

it是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，完整形式是“whetheritshouldbe...”，意為“無(wú)論怎么

樣”，是讓步狀語(yǔ)。should提到前面，形成倒裝，更多用在正規(guī)文體，

書面語(yǔ)中。故選B。

29.Theproject,_____bytheendof2010,willexpandthecity's

telephonenetworktocover1,000,000users.

A.Accomplished

B.tohavebeenaccomplished

C.beingaccomplished

D.havingbeenaccomplished

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目將在2010年底完成，屆時(shí)將擴(kuò)展城市電話

網(wǎng)絡(luò)，覆蓋到一百萬(wàn)用戶。bytheendof時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用完成時(shí)態(tài)，后面的

will也表示了將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故用tohavedone表將來(lái)完成時(shí)。故選B。

30.Theyoungdriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit_____on

theway.

A.goeswrong

B.wentwrong

C.shouldgowrong

D.wouldgowrong

【答案】C

【解析】句意：這個(gè)年輕的司機(jī)仔細(xì)檢查汽車引擎，以防半路出故

障。在lest引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，

should可省略。should在這里表猜測(cè)，暗示一種可能性。故選C。

PartⅡReadingComprehension(40%)

Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageis

followedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocome

tobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferencesthatitisnoteven

questioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisruleby

bruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfireto

citiesandbypillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinother

respectsappeartobereasonablemengetupandcalmlyargueinfavorof

violence—asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreally

frightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwehave

madenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-

paint,butourinstinctsremainedbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeofthe

recordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,

hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolencenever

solvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed

andthesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorning

afterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderthathit

us.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefinding

itharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandeven

persecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparently

outrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolent

actswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaningupthe

slumsandghettos,atimprovinglivingstandardsandprovidingeducationand

employmentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.

Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesin

itswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfillthe

idealsofastablesocialprogram.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfrom

constructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.

Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithin

theframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetween

theraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblemsandlearnaboutthem:it

isasimpleexerciseincommunication.“Talk,talk,talk,”theadvocatesof

violencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’srather

likethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscaseto

thejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthat

afterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarrister

replied,“butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessary

prerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsit

pretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceasaLegitimate

Solution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus_____.

A.violenceneversolvesanything

B.nothing

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing

D.everything

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen_____.

A.can’tgetahearing

B.arelookeddownupon

C.arepersecuted

D.havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”(Para.3)means_____.

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument

5.Accordingtotheauthorthebestwaytosolveracialprejudiceis

_____.

A.lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.nonviolence

D.moppinguptheviolentmess

【答案與解析】

1.B暴力難以消除種族歧視。本文開(kāi)篇就在討論國(guó)家種族矛盾突出

的國(guó)家用暴力來(lái)解決問(wèn)題的做法，第一段最后一句提到“Nosolutionever

comestolight…”明確表示暴力手段不管是在歷史上還是在今天都沒(méi)有真

的解決問(wèn)題。第二段重點(diǎn)討論法制的作用，第三段進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明“交流、

對(duì)話”是了解雙方問(wèn)題的前提。全文都在說(shuō)明暴力不是解決方法，應(yīng)該

另辟蹊徑。故選B。

2.D第一段“Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace…h(huán)as

taughtusabsolutelynothing.”明確提出整個(gè)人類漫長(zhǎng)的暴力史。故選D。

3.D第二段前兩句“Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethe

solutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyare

despised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausethey

advocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.”真正有理智

的人主張法制，反而遭到人們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾

聽(tīng)他們的意見(jiàn)越來(lái)越困難。A項(xiàng)“人們不聽(tīng)”，B項(xiàng)“遭人輕視”，C項(xiàng)“遭

人迫害”，這三項(xiàng)都包含在D項(xiàng)內(nèi)。故選D。

4.C聽(tīng)后沒(méi)有任何收獲。Nonethewiser一無(wú)所獲。主張暴力的人

的論調(diào)為人們天天說(shuō)溝通，談判，對(duì)話，這些并沒(méi)有帶來(lái)實(shí)效。就像法

官聽(tīng)完律師的長(zhǎng)篇辯論之后說(shuō)，我一無(wú)所獲一樣，但是至少雙方通過(guò)了

解對(duì)方的問(wèn)題，而這也是真正解決問(wèn)題的前提。故選C。

5.A第二段最后一句，“Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealways

possible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.”如果我們?cè)?/p>

法律的構(gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。故選A。

Passage2

Questions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inthedemocraticsociety,citizensareencouragedtoformtheirown

opinionsoncandidatesforpublicoffice,taxes,constitutionalamendments,

environmentalconcerns,foreignpolicy,andothertissues.Theopinionsheld

byanypopulationareshapedandmanipulatedbyseveralfactors:individual

circumstances,themassmedia,specialinterestgroups,andopinionleaders.

Wealthypeopletendtothinkdifferentlyonsocialissuesfrompoor

people.Factoryworkersprobablydonotsharethesameviewsaswhite

collar,nonunionworkers.Womenenjoyedoutsidetheirhomessometimes

haveperspectivesdifferentfromthoseoffulltimehomemakers.Intheseand

otherwaysindividualstatusshapesone’sviewofcurrentevents.

Themassmedia,especiallytelevision,arepowerfulinfluencesonthe

waypeoplethinkandact.Governmentofficialsnotehowmailfromthe

publictendsto“followtheheadlines.”Whateverisfeaturedinnewspapers

andmagazinesandontelevisionattractsenoughattentionthatpeoplebegin

toinformthemselvesandtoexpressopinions.

Themassmediahavealsocreatedlargeraudiencesforgovernmentand

awiderrangeofpublicissuesthanexistedbefore.Priortotelevisionandthe

nationaleditionsofnewspapers,issuesandcandidatestendedtoremain

localized.InGreatBritainandWestGermany,forexample,electionstothe

nationallegislatureswereusuallyviewedbyvotersaslocalcontests.Today’s

electionsareseenasstrugglesbetweenpartyleadersandprograms.Inthe

UnitedStatesradioandtelevisionhavebeenbeneficialtothepresidency.

SincethedaysofFranklinD.Rooseveltandhis“firesidechats”,presidents

haveappealeddirectlytoanationalaudienceovertheheadsofCongressto

advocatetheirprograms.

Specialgroupsspendvastsumsannuallytryingtoinfluencepublic

opinion.Publicutilities,forinstance,triedtoswaypublicopinioninfavorof

nuclearpowerplants.Opposedtothemwerecitizens’organizationsthat

lobbiedtohalttheuseofnuclearpower.Duringthe1960stheAmerican

MedicalAssociationconductedanunsuccessfuladvertisingcampaign

designedtopreventthepassageofmedicate.

Opinionleadersareusuallysuchprominentpublicfiguresaspoliticians,

showbusinesspersonalities,andcelebrityathletes.Theopinionsofthese

individuals,whetherinformedandintelligentornot,carryweightwithsome

segmentsofthepopulation.Someindividuals,suchasNobelprizewinners,

aresuddenlythrustintopublicviewbythemedia.Byquicklyreachinga

largeaudience,theirviewsgainahearingandareperhapsinfluentialin

shapingviewsoncomplexissues.

6.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Freedomofspeechinademocraticsociety.

B.Impactofthemassmedia.

C.Forcesthatinfluencepeople’sopinion.

D.Necessityofupholdingideals.

7.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat_____.

A.genderinfluencesgenderonpeople’sview

B.peoplestatusinfluencestheirview

C.livingstandardinfluencespeople’sview

D.ranksinfluencepeople’sview

8.Theexpression“followtheheadlines”(Line2,Para.3)shows_____.

A.peopleseldomhavetimetoreadnewspaperarticles

B.peoplethinktheheadlinescontainthemostimportantinformation

C.peopleoftengettheiropinionsfromnewspapersortelevision

D.mostpeoplelookonnewspapersorTVasmisleading

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.TVprogramshaveastronginfluenceongovernmentalpolicy.

B.Chatsontelevisionsarechiefmeansforrunningforpresidency.

C.MoreandmorepeopleshowinterestinpoliticsbecauseofTV.

D.BeforetheuseofTV,peopleshowedlittleinterestinpolitics.

10.Itisobviousthattheopinionoffamouspeople_____.

A.isoftenignoredbythepublic

B.isseldomexpressedtothepoint

C.isoftenimposedonthepublic

D.hasastronginfluenceonpeople

【答案與解析】

6.C影響人們觀點(diǎn)的因素。本文總分結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段最后一句總領(lǐng)全

文，指出個(gè)人背景，大眾媒體，特殊利益集團(tuán)和輿論主導(dǎo)人等因素會(huì)左

右人們個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的形成。故選C。

7.B由本文第二段最后一句，“Intheseandotherwaysindividual

statusshapesone’sviewofcurrentevents.”可知，人們的社會(huì)地位決定他

們的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。

8.C第三段主要討論大眾媒體對(duì)人們觀點(diǎn)的影響。參考上下文，政

府發(fā)現(xiàn)大眾的觀點(diǎn)總是趨向于和媒體觀點(diǎn)一致。最后一句，不管報(bào)紙或

者是電視上出現(xiàn)什么，都會(huì)影響大眾對(duì)該事件的判斷和他們個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的

表達(dá)。故選C。

9.C由第四段第一句，“Themassmediahavealsocreatedlarger

audiencesforgovernmentandawiderrangeofpublicissuesthanexisted

before”大眾媒體為政府和公共政策事宜創(chuàng)造了大批的觀眾。后文接著論

述，電視存在以前，政治選舉都是地方化的，而現(xiàn)在公眾可以收看或者

收聽(tīng)電視和廣播里進(jìn)行的總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選。故選C。

10.D討論公眾人物對(duì)社會(huì)輿論的主導(dǎo)作用?！皌heirviewsgaina

hearingandareperhapsinfluentialinshapingviewsoncomplexissues.”本文

最后一句提到，因?yàn)楣娙宋镏雀?，他們的觀點(diǎn)一經(jīng)曝出就會(huì)有大

量的人知道，并引發(fā)很多人追隨他們的觀點(diǎn)。故選D。

Passage3

Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Francemightbedescribedasan“all-round”country,onethathas

achievedresultsofequalimportanceinmanydiversebranchesofartisticand

intellectualactivity.MostofthegreatnationsofEuropeexcelinsomespecial

branchofartorofthought:Italyintheplasticarts;Germanyinphilosophy

andmusic;Englishinpoetryandthescience.France,onthecontrary,has

producedphilosophers,musicians,painters,scientists,withoutanynoticeable

specializationofhereffort.TheFrenchidealhasalwaysbeenthemanwho

hasagoodall-aroundknowledge,betterstill,anall-roundunderstanding:itis

theidealofgeneralcultureasopposedtospecialization.

ThisistheidealreflectedintheeducationFranceprovidesforher

children.BystudyingthiseducationweinEnglandmaylearnafewthings

usefultoourselveseventhough,perhapsindeedbecause,theFrenchsystem

isverydifferentfromourowninitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.The

Frenchchild,too,therawmaterialofthiseducation,isunliketheEnglish

childanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywelltheaccountfordifferences

intheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeing

intellectuallymorepreciousthantheproductofthecolderEnglishclimate.

Thisprecocityisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinthe

nursery.Englishparentsreadilyaccepttheirconversationstothechild’spoint

ofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildish

preoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthan

theFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisions

betweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.

Theartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandis

somuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren’sfavoritebooksare

translationsfromtheEnglish.Frenchparents,ontheotherhand,dotheirbest

todevelopthechild’sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittle

patiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookupon

childhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthatthey

needtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,

andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayings

andofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.Itisnotwithoutsignificance

thattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild’sheartbyaskinghim

tobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.Reasonablenessis

lookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

11.TheauthorconsidersthatFrance_____.

A.specializesintheidealofgeneralculture

B.favorstheidealofgeneralculture

C.isaspecialistcountryinspiteofherself

D.cannothelpbeingaspecialistcountry

12.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat

_____.

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

13.ThetextsuggeststhattheFrenchchild_____.

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

14.ByreferringtoFrenchmothers,wecanconcludethatthey_____.

A.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirson’slives

B.comparegoodnesswithreason

C.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirsons

D.Identifywisdomwithreasonableness

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.France:TheCradleofMaster-of-All-Trades.

B.ChildrenEducationinFranceandBritain:ComparedandContrasted.

C.TheInfluenceofBritishEducationonFrenchEducation.

D.CharacteristicsofFrenchChildrenandBritishChildren.

【答案與解析】

11.A本文第一段強(qiáng)調(diào)，法國(guó)是一個(gè)各種領(lǐng)域全面發(fā)展的國(guó)家。最

后一句“…itistheidealofgeneralcultureasopposedtospecialization.”指

出，法國(guó)注重大眾文化的普遍陶冶，反對(duì)專攻一個(gè)領(lǐng)域，法國(guó)的特殊就

在于它的不特殊的理念，故選A。

12.A文章對(duì)比了法國(guó)和英國(guó)的兒童教育，談到了法國(guó)父母已成人

化的方法對(duì)待孩子，法國(guó)兒童智力上更為早熟，而英國(guó)父母則擅長(zhǎng)以孩

子的方式來(lái)教育孩子。作者提到英國(guó)可以借鑒法國(guó)教育，但兩者的不同

其實(shí)不在于孰優(yōu)孰劣，最后一段作者指出法國(guó)兒童的讀物都是英國(guó)出版

的，兩者各有所長(zhǎng)，可以互相借鑒。故選A。

13.A文章最后一段指出法國(guó)父母希望自己的孩子盡快提高智力，

對(duì)孩子氣的問(wèn)題似乎并沒(méi)有什么耐心。而且英國(guó)的國(guó)民性格比法國(guó)更加

年輕。這些信息可以得出，法國(guó)孩子被教育的方式就是像成人一樣行

事。故選A。

14.D最后一段最后兩句，法國(guó)母親并不是通過(guò)要求孩子聽(tīng)話來(lái)贏

得孩子的心，而是通過(guò)讓孩子聰明智慧讓他們獲得理性?？梢?jiàn)智慧和理

性在法國(guó)教育里是不可分割的。故選D。

15.B本文同時(shí)討論了法國(guó)和英國(guó)的兒童教育，以法國(guó)為重點(diǎn)。B

項(xiàng)較其他選項(xiàng)全面且更符合文意。

Passage4

Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thelatterpartofthelastcenturytherelivedamanofscience,an

eminentproficientineverybranchofnaturalphilosophy,whonotlong

beforeourstoryopenshadmadeexperienceofaspiritualaffinitymore

attractivethananychemicalone.Hehadlefthislaboratorytothecareofan

assistant,clearedhisfinecountenancefromthefurnacesmoke,watchedthe

stainofacidsfromhisfingers,andpersuadedabeautifulwomantobecome

hiswife.Inthosedayswhenthecomparativelyrecentdiscoveryofelectricity

andotherhundredmysteriesofNatureseemedtoopenpathsintotheregion

ofmiracle,itwasnotunusualfortheloveofsciencetorivaltheloveof

womaninitsdepthandabsorbingenergy.Thehigherintellect,the

imagination,thespirit,andeventheheartmightallfindtheircongenial

alimentinpursuitswhich,assomeoftheirardentvotariesbelieved,would

ascendfromonestepofpowerfulintelligencetoanother,untilthe

philosophershouldlayhishandonthesecretofcreativeforceandperhaps

makenewworldsforhimself.WeknownotwhetherAylmerpossessedthis

degreeoffaithinman’sultimatecontroloverNature.Hehaddevoted

himself,however,toounreservedlytoscientificstudiesevertobeweaned

fromthembyanysecondpassion.Hisloveforhisyoungwifemightprove

thestrongerofthetwo;butitcouldonlybebyintertwiningitselfwiththis

loveofscience,andunitingthestrengthofthelattertohisown.

Suchaunionaccordinglytookplace,andwasattendedwithtruly

remarkableconsequencesandadeeplyimpressivemoral.Oneday,verysoon

aftertheirmarriage,Aylmersatgazingathiswifewithatroubleinhis

countenancethatgrewstrongeruntilhespoke.

“Georgiana,”saidhe,“hasitneveroccurredtoyouthatthemarkupon

yourcheekmightberemoved?”

“No,indeed,”saidshe,smiling;butperceivingtheseriousnessofhis

manner,sheblusheddeeply.“Totellyouthetruthithasbeensooftencalled

acharmthatIwassimpleenoughtoimagineitmightbeso.”

“Ah,uponanotherfaceperhapsitmight,”repliedherhusband;“butnever

onyours.No,dearestGeorgiana,youcamesonearlyperfectfromthehandof

Naturethatthisslightestpossibledefect,whichwehesitatewhethertoterma

defectorabeauty,shocksme,asbeingthevisiblemarkofearthly

imperfection.”

“Shocksyou,myhusband!”criedGeorgiana,deeplyhurt;atfirst

reddeningwithmomentaryanger,butthenburstingintotears.“Thenwhydid

youtakemefrommymother’sside?Youcannotlovewhatshocksyou!”

Toexplainthisconversationitmustbementionedthatinthecenterof

Georgiana’sleftcheektherewasasingularmark,deeplyinterwoven,asit

were,withthetextureandsubstanceofherface.Intheusualstateofher

complexion—ahealthythoughdedicatebloom—themarkworeatintof

deepercrimson,whichimperfectlydefineditsshapeamidthesurrounding

rosiness.Whensheblusheditgraduallybecamemoreindistinct,andfinally

vanishedamidthetriumphantrushofbloodthatbathedthewholecheekwith

itsbrilliantglow.Butifanyshiftingmotioncausedhertoturnpaletherewas

themarkagain,acrimsonstainuponthesnow,inwhatAylmersometimes

deemedanalmostfearf