福州市英語（3暑假）閱讀理解訓練（3）及答案解析

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精福州市2014高考英語（2013暑假）閱讀理解訓練（13)及答案解析社會生活型閱讀理解（二)(一)Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthewebsitesyou'vevisited。Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.Infact，it’slikelythatsomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission？Itmightbeagirlfriend，amarketingcompany，aboss，apolicemanoracriminal。Whoeveritis，theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen-the21stcenturyequaltobeingcaughtnaked(裸露的)．Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy，thoughit’simportanttoreveal（透露)yourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages，atappropriatetimes.Actuallyfewboundariesremain。Thedigitalbreadcrumbs（面包屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike。Insomecases，asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot，increasinglywe_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret.Thekeyquestionis：Doesthatmatter？FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis“no”．WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy，mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundamajorityofpeoplearepessimisticaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway，andthatbothersme”．Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother。OnlyasmallpartofAmericanschangeanybehaviorinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths（收費亭)toavoidusingtheEZ.Passsystemthatcontracts（跟蹤)automobilemovements。Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcquitshasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsubmitpersonalinformationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50。cent。offcoupon（優(yōu)惠券）．Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth:whenyouhaveit，youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.[()1。FromParagraph2，wecaninfer________.A．criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnologyB．peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationageC．inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers’secretsD．people’spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge(）2.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends？A．Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends。B．Thereshouldbefewerquarrelsbetweenfriends。C．Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.D．Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother。（)3。Whydoestheauthorsay“weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret”？A．Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutother’saffairs.B．Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople’sidentities。C．Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.D．Modernsocietyhasfinallydevelopedintoanopensociety。（）4。WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?A．Theychangebehaviorthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.B．Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.C．Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicequipment。D．Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinessdeals.（）5。Accordingtothepassage，privacyislikehealthinthat________。A．itsimportanceisrarelyunderstoodB．itissomethingthatcaneasilybelostC．peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepitD．peopledon’ttreasureituntiltheyloseit(一)主要論述在當今信息時代，個人信息因受他人竊取，而影響到私人空間。1．D推理判斷題。第二段提到，有誰會不經過你的許可就會注視著你呢？可能是女朋友、營銷公司、老板、警察或者是罪犯.無論他是誰,他們都會以你從來沒有意想到的方式看著你。而注視你的人自然能獲取你的個人信息，故可推斷，人們的個人信息很容易在他們不知曉的情況下被他人獲取。故選D。2．A細節(jié)理解題。第三段Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy，thoughit'simportanttoreveal（透露）yourselftofriends，familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.提到，盡管在適當?shù)臅r候向朋友、家人或愛人坦誠自己是重要的，但分界線是重要的，即:人與人之間還應該有適當?shù)木嚯x。由此判斷選A。其他選項不符合文意。3．C推理判斷題.根據第三段可知，作者認為，與朋友之間應該有適當?shù)木嚯x，但實際上這種距離很少存在。因為你留下的電子面包屑(即電子痕跡）使陌生人很容易竊取你的個人資料。所以作者說，不管你喜歡或不喜歡,我們愈加生活在一個不能保密的世界里，故選C.其他選項不符合文意.4．B細節(jié)理解題。根據WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit。Asurveyfoundamajorityofpeoplearepessimisticaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway，andthatbothersme”．可知，大多數(shù)美國人希望保留私人空間，但根據Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother。OnlyasmallpartofAmericanschangeanybehaviorinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy?？芍?，他們對保護私人空間做得少.故選B。5．D細節(jié)理解題.根據最后一段Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes。It’slikehealth:whenyouhaveit,youdon’tnoticeit。Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit?？芍?，私人空間如同健康一樣，擁有的時候不注意,失去的時候才覺得珍惜。由此判斷選D。＊**＊＊＊＊***＊**＊＊＊＊＊***＊**＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊*****＊＊*****＊＊＊＊*＊＊**結束(2010·重慶調研)Earlyonemorningthesub。inspectoratastationattheotherendofthetownrangme。Anelephantwasdamagingthetown.WouldIpleasecomeanddosomethingaboutit?IdidnotknowwhatIcoulddo,butIgotontoahorseandstartedout.Itookmygun,maybetoosmalltokillanelephant,butIthoughtthenoisemightscarehim.Variouslocalpeoplestoppedmeonthewayandtoldmeabouttheelephant’sdoings.Itwasnot，ofcourse,awildelephant，butatameone.Ithadbeenchainedupbutlastnightithadbrokenitschainandescaped.Itsowner，hadsetouttorunafterit，buthadtakenthewrongdirection。Hewasnowtwelvehours’journeyaway,andinthemorningtheelephanthadsuddenlyappearedinthetown。Ithadalreadydestroyedsomebody’sbamboohut（棚屋)，killedacowandturnedoverfruit。stalls.Icameroundthehutandsawaman'sdeadbodysprawlinginthemud。HewasanIndian，andhecouldnothavebeendeadmanyminutes。Thepeoplesaidthattheelephantcaughthimwithitstrunk,putitsfootonhisbackandgroundedhimintotheearth.Thiswastherainyseasonandhewaslyingonhisstomachinthesoftmud,the__peacebreakerstandingbeside,lookinginnocent.AsIliftedmygun,Ihesitatedafewseconds。ThenIfired.Thatwasashotthatdidforhim。Youcouldseethepainofitknockthelaststrengthfromhislegs。Butinfallingheseemedforamomenttorise，histrunkreachingskywardlikeatree。Hetrumpeted,forthefirstandonlytime.Andthendownhecame，withacrashthatshooktheground。1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheauthorisTRUE?A。HewasanIndian。B.Heknewelephantswell。C.Hewasnotalocalvillager。D。Hewastheowneroftheelephant。2.Theelephantmadesomuchtroublebecause________.A.itsownertreatedhimcruellyB。itgotoutofcontrolC.ithatedthevillagepeopleD.itwasawildelephant3。Theunderlinedwords“thepeacebreaker”inParagraph4referto________。A。theelephantB。thedeadmanC.theauthorD。thesub。inspector4.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorfelt________whenheshottheelephant.A.excited B.sadC。frightened D。happy答案與解析：1．C正誤判斷題.A項錯是因為被大象踩死的那個人是印度人;B項錯是因為作者根本不了解大象;D項錯在作者根本不是大象的主人.從第一段和第二段知，作者是奉命帶上槍去制止那頭搗亂的大象的，應該是警察，故C項正確，即他不是村民。2．B推理判斷題。從第三段知那頭馴養(yǎng)的大象跑了出來，造成了不少麻煩。文章中沒有提到A、C項，故只是那頭大象失去了控制。3．A指代題。從畫線詞thepeacebreaker前后可知,它就是那頭搗亂的大象。4．B推理判斷題。從最后一段描述的作者開槍前的猶豫及對大象死前掙扎的描述可知作者是很悲傷的。＊***＊＊＊＊＊*＊**＊＊*＊＊*＊＊**＊***＊**＊＊*＊**＊＊*＊***＊＊***＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊**＊結束二、夾敘夾議文A（2010·河南部分重點聯(lián)考）MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimetellingyou,specifically,whatarethevalueswhichAmericansliveby。Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought。OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedStates。ThishascausedmetotrytolookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors。Iamconfidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost(butnotall)Americans,andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou，theinternationalvisitor,understandAmericans.Itismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingrainedinAmericans,theywillthenbeabletounderstand95％ofAmericanactions—actionswhichmightotherwiseappear“strange”，“confusing”,or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheperspective(aspect)oftheforeigner'sownsocietyanditsvalues.Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbeliefs，assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounter（meet）anaction，orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou，trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.1.AnordinaryAmericancan’ttellyouhis/hervaluesystembecause________.A。thisissomethinganAmericanlivesbyB。everyonewillhavehis/herownvaluesystemC。he/shehasneverthoughtaboutitD。valuesaresomethingoftenintheirthought2.Theauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto________。A.inviteforeignerstovisitAmericaB.lookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitorsC。describetheconfusingactionsofmostAmericansD。h