美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)課件

HowcanwecallthoseblackpeopleAfricanAmericanNegroSpanishword"black"”Negro/NiggerDarkieBlackAfricanAmerican美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)黑人牙膏DarkieIn1985,anAmericancompanyboughtthistoothpastecompanyandchangeditsname.Darliedisrespectful美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)African-AmericanCivilRightsMovement美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)Outline1.Briefintroduction2.Backgroundinformation3.Majorevents4.Influence美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)WhatiscivilrightsmovementThecivilrightsmovementwasamasspopularmovementtosecureforAfricanAmericansequalaccesstoandopportunitiesforthebasicprivilegesandrightsofU.S.citizenship.Thecivilrightsmovementwasthelargestsocialmovementofthe20thcenturyintheUnitedStates.Itinfluencedthemodernwomen'srightsmovementandthestudentmovementofthe1960s.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)Althoughtherootsofthemovementgobacktothe19thcentury,itpeakedinthe1950sand1960s.AfricanAmericanmenandwomen,alongwithwhites,organizedandledthemovementatnationalandlocallevels.Theypursuedtheirgoalsthroughlegalmeans,negotiations,petitions,andnonviolentprotestdemonstrations.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)2.HistoricalbackgroundEarlyinitshistory,blackAfricanswerebroughttoAmericaasslaves.Theywereboughtandsold,likeanimals.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)Nearly100yearsaftertheEmancipationProclamation,AfricanAmericansinSouthernstatesstillinhabitedastarklyunequalworldofdisenfranchisement,segregationandvariousformsofoppression,includingrace-inspiredviolence."JimCrow"laws(美國(guó)針對(duì)黑人實(shí)施的種族隔離法案)atthelocalandstatelevelsbarredthemfromclassroomsandbathrooms,fromtheatersandtraincars,fromjuriesandlegislatures.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)EducationForevery$150.000spentonwhitechildrenatthe"whiteschools"only$50.000wasspentonAfricanAmericanchildrenatthe"blackschools."TheparentsoftheAfricanAmericanchildrenthoughtthattheirschoolwasnottreatedasfairlybecausetheywerecolored.Theydidnothavethemostcurrenttextbooks,notenoughschoolsupplies,andovercrowdedclassrooms.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)

"Blackelementaryschool"

"Whiteelementaryschool"美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)3.Majorevents美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)BrownDecision--SeparationIsInherentlyIllegalThe1954U.S.SupremeCourtdecisionBrownv.BoardofEducationofTopeka,Kansasusheredinanewerainthestruggleforcivilrights.Thislandmarkdecisionoutlawedracialsegregationinpublicschools.1954美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)OnDecember1,1955RosaParksrefusedtogiveupherseatforawhitepassenger.arresteddemandamorehumanebustransportationsystemlastedformorethanayear1955美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)Sit-insInFebruary1960,fourAfricanAmericanstudentssatdownatasegregatedlunchcounterinalocalstoreinGreensboro,NorthCarolina.Theyrefusedtoleaveuntiltheywereserved.1960美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1961Inthespringof1961,civilrightsactivistsvolunteeredas“FreedomRiders”toridebusesintosegregatedterminalsthroughouttheSouth.InMaybusloadsofFreedomRiderswereattackedbymobsintheAlabamacitiesofAnnistonandBirmingham.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1963TheMarchonWashington

wasorganizedbyagroupofcivilrights,labor,andreligiousorganizationsunderthetheme"jobs,andfreedom."Estimatesofthenumberofparticipantsvariedfrom200,000(police)toover300,000(leadersofthemarch).About80%ofthemarcherswereAfricanAmericansandtherestwerewhiteandotherethnicgroups.ThemarchbeganattheWashingtonMonumentandendedattheLincolnMemorialwithaprogramofmusicandspeakers.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1964Dr.MartinLutherKingJr.delivered"IHaveaDream"speechtohundredsofthousandsattheMarchonWashington.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)…Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday…美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)MeaningfulcivilrightslawsAmassivefederalworksprogramFullandfairemploymentDecenthousingTherighttovoteAdequateintegratededucationsixofficialgoals:美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)Dr.MartinLutherKing,JreventuallybecametheleaderoftheCivilRightsMovement.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)

美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1964CongresspassedCivilRightsAct

declaringdiscriminationbasedonraceillegalafter75-daylongargument.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1965ThepassageoftheVotingRightsActof1965helpedpavethewayformoreAfricanAmericanstovote.TheVotingRightsActof1965alsohelpedotherminorities.ItsetasideaNewYorkstatelawrequiringvoterstobeabletoreadEnglish,enablingsuchgroupsasPuertoRicansandMexicanAmericanstovote.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)EdwardBrooke,electedfirstblackU.S.senatorin85years.1966美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1968OnApril4,1968Dr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.,wasassassinatedbyasniperashestoodonthebalconyofhishotelroominMemphis,TN.HewastheretosupporttheAfricanAmericansanitationworkers.Hewasplanninganationalpoorpeople’scampaigntopromoteeconomicgainsforAfricanAmericansandpoorpeople.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)LaterDevelopment1973--MaynardJackson,firstblackelectedmayorofa

majorSouthernU.S.city.1975--

VotingRightsActextended.1988

--CongresspassesCivilRightsRestorationAct

overPresidentReagan'sveto.1989--L.DouglasWilder(Virginia)becomesfirstblack

electedgovernor.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)1991--CivilrightsmuseumopensatKing

assassination

siteinMemphis.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)2009--BarackObamatooktheofficeofwhitehousein

2009美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)InfluenceReconstructionoftheImageandConfidenceofAfricanAmericansImpactontheOtherDisadvantagedGroupsStrongFaithinEquityMoreStableAmericanSociety美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)TheCivilRightsMovementitselfwastheprocessoftheAfricanAmericans'findingtheirown

values,increasingself-awareness,improvingthesocialstatus.ItpointedouttoAfricanAmericansthattheyshouldbeequalwithanyoneelsebothonspiritandmental,andtheyshouldhavetherightsofbeingequalinspirit.“Whatisyourblood?”

“IamaAfricanAmerican.”

“IamproudofbeinganAfricanAmerican.”4.1美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)4.2Women,Hispanics,andNativeAmericans---foundnewhopeintheAfricanAmerican’sstruggleandformedmovementsoftheirown.Becauseofcivilrightsstruggle,manyAmericansbegantoquestionthestatusofAmericansocietyandthepoliciesofthegovernment.UndertheinfluenceoftheAfricanAmericans,thesedisadvantagedgroups’strugglemadegreatimprovement.美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)4.3UnderthepromotionofAfricanAmericanCivilRightsMovement,theconceptofequalityenjoyedpopularandtheoppressedAmericansfoughttogether,formingthemassivesocialmovementinthelatesixtiesearlyseventies.OnDecember,5th,2008,AmericansfinallywelcometheirfirstAfricanAmeri