2023年中考英語第二輪語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)：非謂語動(dòng)詞

學(xué)校：班級(jí)：姓名：

非謂語動(dòng)詞

【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】

1.學(xué)習(xí)非謂語動(dòng)詞的、分類和用法。

2.把抽象的非謂語動(dòng)詞通過歸納總結(jié)和直擊中考，深化學(xué)生對(duì)非

謂語動(dòng)詞的理解，并加以熟練運(yùn)用。

【預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)】

一、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

（一）非謂語動(dòng)詞包括...

（二）動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to+.它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變

化.

動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式：.

（三）動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：.

二、重點(diǎn)短語

1.介詞后：beafraidof（落后），without（說

再見）

2.固定短語：bebusy（討論）

keep（嘗試新的想法）

finish寫完作文，

考慮做某事：___________________

suggestme_________________

習(xí)慣吸煙：beusedto,

盼望收到你的來信yourletter

remembertodo___________________

rememberdoing___________________

forgettodo___________________

forgetdoing_________________

stoptodo_________________

stopdoing___________________

goontodo__________________

goondoing__________________

三、重點(diǎn)句型

1.Whatabout(go)outforawalk?

2.Wecouldn'thelp(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystory.

3.Shedidn'tmindovertime.(work)

4.Shewaspraisedforthelifeofthechild.(save)

5.Sheoughttobepraisedinsteadof(criticize).

6.Doyouremember(buy)meabeautifulskirtonmy

13thbirthday?

7.Hecametothepartywithout(invite)

8.Don'tkeepme(wait)foralongtime.

9.Knivesareusedfor(cut)things.

10.Canyoufinish(read)thebookinthreedays?

11.Thedoctorwasbusy(operate)ontheboyatthat

time.

12.Stop(talk)andlistentomecarefully.

13.Thankyouverymuchfor(help)us.

14Grannyisveryillandshedoesn'tfeellike(eat)

anything.

15.Thegirlenjoys(listen)tolightmusic.

16.Haveyoudecided(怎樣度假).

17.Itisdangerous(玩火).

18.Shewasthefirstwoman（環(huán)球飛行的）.

19.Theboywasmade（重復(fù)他自己的故事）.

20.Theoldladylookedatthechildren（穿過馬路）.

21.Ittookmemuchtime（算出這些難題.）yesterday.

22.Thebossmadetheworkers（一天工作十小時(shí)）.

23.1don'tknow（在會(huì)上說什么）.

24.Canyoutellme（在哪里能買到這本書）？

25.（在何時(shí)何地召開這會(huì)議）hasrftbeendecidedyet.

【考點(diǎn)講解】

非謂語動(dòng)詞包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。它們沒

有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語，但可以有自己的賓語、

狀語和邏輯主語等。

考點(diǎn)一、動(dòng)詞不定式

（一）不定式有兩種，肯定（todo）否定（nottodo）o

1.做主語。作主語時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面

ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.

2.做表語。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語

Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomevery

dayismywork.

3.做賓語。只能作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語，一般不作介詞的賓語

Hehopestogetagoodjobinthecity.

4.做賓語補(bǔ)足語。在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官

動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to

Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.

5.定語。不定式作定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面

Haveyougotanythingtosay?

6.狀語。不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致

IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.

（二）常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞

afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起agree同意choose選擇

decide決定expect期望

fail失敗happen碰巧hope希望

learn學(xué)習(xí)manage設(shè)法need需要

offer提供plan計(jì)戈！Jprefer更喜歡

prepare準(zhǔn)備promise承諾refuse拒絕

wish希望wouldlike/want想要

注意hadbetter后接省略to的不定式，表示“最好做……”

（三）不定式常見的句型

l.Itis+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.意為“對(duì)某人來說做某事怎么樣”

2.usedtodo…意為"過去常?！?/p>

3.too+adj./adv.+todosth.意為“太...而不能做某事”

4.1fsone'sturntodosth.意為“輪到某人做某事了”

5.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.意為“某人花多長時(shí)間做某

事”

6.adj./adv,+enoughtodosth.意為“足夠...去做某事“

拓展

對(duì)于to要特別注意，它既可作動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)也可作介詞。如

果是介詞，后面需跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。初中階段常見t。作介詞的

短語有：

holdto堅(jiān)持；抓住

lookforwardto盼望；期待

be/get/becomeusedto習(xí)慣

payattentionto注意；認(rèn)真聽講

devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于；致力于

lookupto敬仰;尊敬

leadto導(dǎo)致(引起；通向)

prefer…to…比起...更喜歡....

stickto堅(jiān)持

taketo開始從事

殊；

特殊⑴一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，用不定式做賓補(bǔ)，省略to

這些動(dòng)詞有：一感(feel)、二聽(listen,hear)、三讓(let,have,

make)、四看(watch,see,lookat,notice)、半幫助(help)

l.Thenewsmakesme(laugh).

2.Theteacherletsus_(go)outtoplay.

3.1helpmymother_(do)somehousework.

4.1sawhim___(go)intotheclassroomjustnow.

特殊⑵不定式可以和疑問詞who,when,what,how,等構(gòu)成不定式短

語，在句中作主語，賓語和表語。

e.g:l.Hedoesn'tknowwhat(say).

2.1wonderwhere(go).

3.Canyoutellmehow(get)there?

4.Shecan'tdecidewhichbook(choose).

特殊⑶某些固定短語

goswimming////

dosomeshopping////

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練場

1.Wouldyoulike(see)afilmthisevening?

2.1finditeasy(play)computergames.

3.Lucyaskedme(notturn)uptheradio.

4.Mymotheroftentellsme___(drink)morewater.

5.Itisimportantforus(learn)Englishwell.

6.1ttakesmefiveminutes(finish)thejob.

7.Susan'sdreamis(be)adoctor.

8.1havealotofhomework(do).

9.TomcametoChina(study)Chineseculture.

考點(diǎn)二、動(dòng)名詞

(-)動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成，它與現(xiàn)在分詞同形。動(dòng)名

詞既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，也有名詞的性質(zhì)。

1.做主語。謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大聲朗讀很有用。

作主語時(shí)常用it作形式主語It'snousequarrelling.

2.做表語。多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化成作主語。

HisjobisteachingEnglish/=TeachingEnglishishisjob.)

3.做賓語。作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語，表示一般的習(xí)慣、抽象行為或

經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。

Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan。

則常用it作形式賓語Wefounditnogoodmakingfunof

others.

4.定語。只表示它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等，置于修飾語

之前。

Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.

(二)常見接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞

(v.+doingsth.)

avoid避免consider考慮enjoy喜歡

finish完成feellike想要keep保持

mind介意practice練習(xí)suggest建議

stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事

can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事

feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事

我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。

完成實(shí)踐值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)

繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄(keepon,beusedto,giveup)

考慮建議不禁想(consider,suggest,can'thelp,feellike)

喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)

考點(diǎn)3非謂語動(dòng)詞易混詞組辨析

有些動(dòng)詞短語后既可跟不定式也可跟動(dòng)名詞，但意義有很大不同O

如stoptodosth.停下來去做某事

stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事

remembertodosth.記住要做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)

rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)

forgettodosth.忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)

forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練場

l.Shewassupposedinhospital,butpeoplefoundherinthe

office.

A.tolieB.lyingC.lieD.lies

2.---Lefs_playinthestreet.

——Fathertellsmedoso.

A.notto;nottoB.not;nottoC.don't;tonotD.notto;don?t

3.Theoldmanisillandhedoesn'tfeellike.

A.toeatsomethingB.toeatanything

C.eatingsomethingD.eatinganything

4.TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,youwillfinditinterestinga

foreignlanguage.

A.learningB.leamsC.learnD.tolearn

5.IttookmetwoweeksreadingthenovelswrittenbyGuo

Jingming..

A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.finishing

6.---1didn'thearyoucomeinjustnow.

-That'sgood.Wetriedanynoise,foryouweresleeping.

A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making

7.1norderforthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetup

earlythismorning.

A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglate

8.Weadviseparentstheirchildrenathomealoneinorderto

keepthemawayfromdanger.

A.notleaveB.nottoleaveC.leaveD.toleave

9.Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter.

A.nottowakehimupB.notwakehimup

C.notwakeuphimD.nottowakeuphim

lO.Listen!Canyouhearababy?

A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cries

【中考練兵】

1.（2019重慶A卷）Hetookoffhisexpensivewatchthefact

thathewasrich.

A.tohideB.hidC.hideD.hidden

2.（2019天津）Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparks

protectpandas.

A.tohelpB.helpC.helpedD.helps

3.（2019鎮(zhèn)江）Tomysurprise,Daniel'sparentsallowedhim

ShanghaiDisneylandwithme.

A.tovisitB.visitingC.visitD.visits

4.（2019鹽城）Mr.Wukeepshisstudentsthatthefuture

belongstothewell-educated.

A.tellingB.totellC.orderingD.toorder

5.（2019海南改編）Mrs.Greenrefusessweetfood.She

doesn'twanttogetfat.

A.eatB.eatingC.toeatD.eaten

6.（2019吉林改編）Michaelvisitsmanywebsitesabout

Chineseculture.

A.learnB.learnedC.tolearnD.learning

7.（2019石家莊裕華區(qū)一模）Herparentsaskedherhome

before9：00everyday.

A.togetB.getC.gotD.getting

8.（2019石家莊28中二模）Hedreamsateacherfromsix

yearsold.Ibelievehewillrealizehisdream.

A.becomeB.tobecomeC.attendD.toattend

9.（2019滄州二模）Mr.Zhouisgoodatcookingandhehasdecided

hisownrestaurant.

A.openB.openedC.toopenD.opening

10.Whenyouleavetheroom,don'tforgetthekeytome.

A.bringingB.bringC.broughtD.tobring

11.LiHuastoppeditupwhenhesawasharingbikefalling

down.

A.liftingB.liftC.toliftD.lifted

12.MyparentsoftenencouragemeuponmyownwhereI

falldown.

A.tostandB.standC.standingD.stood

13.Tokeepchildrenawayfromdanger,wewarnparents

childrenathomealone.

A.toleaveB.notleaveC.nottoleaveD.leaving

14.Theworkersarebusywindowstothenewbuildings

thesedays.

A.tofixB.fixingC.fixedD.fix

15.MeriSnowMountainisnotfarawayfromhere,butitwillstill

takeusafewhourstherebybike.

A.gettingB.toget