熱點(diǎn)11催人奮進(jìn)的中國正能量(原卷)備戰(zhàn)中考英語考前時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題閱讀題型專練(全國通用)

備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語考前時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題閱讀+題型專練熱點(diǎn)11催人奮進(jìn)的中國正能量一、閱讀理解1Theworld’slongestcross-seabridge——the55-km-longHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge〔HZMB〕openedonOct24,2021.TheGuardiandescribeditasoneofthe“sevenwondersofthemodernworld〞.Construction〔建筑工程〕ontheHZMBbeganin2021andcostabout120billionyuan.ThebridgelinksHongKongandMacaototheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai.TheHZMBisuniqueinmanyways.It’sdesignedtohaveaservicelifeof120years,20yearslongerthanmostbridges.Andit’snotjustabridge,butalsoparttunnel〔隧道〕andpartisland.Inonesection,thebridgeturnsintoa6.7-kmunderseatunnelthatpassesthroughtwoman-madeislands.Thetunnelistheworld’slongestunderseatunnelforroadtraffic,allowinglargeshipstocontinuepassingthroughtheseaareaabovethetunnel.Thebridge’sengineershadtoconsidermanyenvironmentalfactorsinordertoprotectthesurrounding〔周圍的〕environmentwhilebuildingthebridge.Chinesewhitedolphins,anendangeredspeciesthatlivesinthearea,wereaparticularconcern〔關(guān)注〕.TheHZMBwillmakeitmuchmoreconvenienttotravelbetweenthethreeareasitconnects.ItwillshortenthetraveltimefromHongKongtoZhuhaifromfourhourstoabout45minutes.Bydrawinglocalcitiesandregionsclosertogether,thebridgewillhelpinthearea’sdevelopment.Itisexpectedtodrivetheeconomic〔經(jīng)濟(jì)的〕developmentofHongKong,MacaoandnineGuangdongcities.1.WhendidHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeopen?A.OnOct24. B.OnNov14. C.OnDec4. D.OnJan14.2.Howlongdidittaketobuildthebridge?A.13years. B.11years. C.9years. D.8years.3.Thebridge’sengineershadtoconsidermanyenvironmentalfactorsbecausetheywantto________.A.makethebridgesafer B.protecttheenvironmentC.makethebrigeuselonger D.protectthebigshipsandwater4.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.A.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeisthesixthwondersofthemodernworldB.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgecostabout12billionyuanC.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeisthelongestcross-seabridgeD.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgecanuse100years5.Themainideaoftheforthparagraphinthepassageis________.A.howmuchisHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge B.howlongisHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeC.howtobuildHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge D.howtoprotecttheenvironmentwhilebuilding2Itisoftenbelievedthatwearealwayswellprotectedbythosewhoarebrave.ZhongNanshan,awell-knowndoctor,isoneofthem.Let'sknowsomethingabouthim.6.ThefirstjobthatZhongNanshanchosewastobea_________.A.presenter B.researcher C.teacher D.doctor7.Dr.ZhongNanshanwonthehighestprizeinhisfield_________.A.whenhewas68yearsold B.beforehewenttoGuangzhouC.afterhefoughtagainstCoronavirus D.assoonashegraduatedfromcollege8.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethat_________.A.ZhongNanshan'sfatherandmotherhaddifferentjobsB.peoplecouldn'tbeatSARSthoughtheyknewmuchaboutitC.ittooktheteamafewweekstoworkoutthetreatmentforSARSD.EuropeandoctorslearnedhowtocontrolCoronavirusfromZhong3LiZiqihasabout20millionfansonSinaWeiboandsevenmillionfansonYouTube.ManyforeignerssaytheyhavegottoknowtraditionalChineseculturethroughhervideos.ItisthespiritofthecraftsmanbehindherworksthatmakesLi'svideosfascinating.ShestrictlyfollowsthetraditionalstepsinmakingtraditionalChinesefoodandhand-madeworks,suchaspeachflowerwine〔桃花酒〕andbamboobeds.Shecanevenmakepaperbyherself.Also,shetriesherbesttomakesurehervideosareperfect.Sometimesshespendsseveralmonthsproducingoneofhervideos.LihasbeenshowingtraditionalChineseculturetovideowatchersinarathercreativeway.Hervideosneverhaveany“analysis〔分析〕〞thatmakespeoplefeelbored.Theyjustshowdetails〔細(xì)節(jié)〕oftraditionalChineseculture,sothepeoplewatchingthevideoscanknowhowChinesepeoplelivetheirbeautifulandpeacefullives.Afterall,manypeoplewanttolivealifelikethat.That'swhyhervideosaresopopular.ThankstoLi'sefforts,manyexamplesofintangibleculturalheritage〔非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)〕thatwereonlyinmemoriesandwrittenrecordshavenowappearedbeforeoureyes.WiththegrowthoftheChineseeconomy〔經(jīng)濟(jì)〕,peopleabroadareshowinggreaterinterestintraditionalChineseculture.Lihasshownhowtosatisfy〔滿足〕thatinterestinagoodway,namelybyshowingthebestpartsoftraditionalChineseculturewithherheart.TopresentthebeautyofChineseculturetotheworld,weneedmorepeoplelikeLiZiqi.9.LiZigiisfamousforher________A.knowledge B.books C.videos D.beauty10.Theunderlinedword“craftsman"meansinChineseA.工匠 B.創(chuàng)新 C.探險(xiǎn) D.求知11.Accordingtothepassage，whatisLiZiqiabletomake?①peachflowerwine②bamboobeds③paper④paper-cutA.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④12.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.FewpeopleknowLiZiqiabroad.B.ItjusttakesLiZiqialittletimetomakeavideo.C.PeoplecanlearnalotfromtheanalysisinLizigi'svideos.D.PeoplecanseeexamplesofintangibleculturalheritageinLiZigi'svideos.13.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe“________________〞A.TraditionalChineseFoodB.ChineseCultureShowntotheWorldC.TheDevelopmentoftheChineseEconomyD.LiZiqi'sTalentforHand-madeWorks4ThankstothehybridricethatwasdiscoveredbyYuanLongping，thehungerproblemofthousandsofChinesepeoplewasmostlyfixedinthe1980s.OnSept8th，Yuan，togetherwithtwootherscientists，wonChina's2021FutureSciencePrize，forhiscontinuousresearchonrice.Evenonhis88thbirthdayonSept7th，hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince.Althoughhewasrecoveringfromanillnessatthetime，hewashappytotalktoreportersabouthislatestworkonseawaterrice.Yuanhasbeenresearchingonricesincehewasatcollege.In1964.hediscoveredanaturalhybridriceplantinHainan.Sincethen，hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh﹣yield，hybridricevarieties〔多樣性〕.In1973.hebecamethefirsttosuccessfullycultivate〔培育〕atypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.WiththehardworkofYuan'sgroupforabouttenyears，theproductionofthericewasincreased.〔From150kgpermu〔畝〕to500kgpermuandmore.〕ThesevarietiesnowtakeupabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop，accordingtoChinaNews.So，it'snowonderthathe'sknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice".AndbecauseofChina'sBeltandRoad〔一帶一路〕initiative.Yuan'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.Indeed，accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency，hybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.Witharisingfameallovertheworld，YuangaveaspeechinEnglishatthe9thShandongHigh﹣LevelTalentsForuminQingdaolastyear.Hisspeechmadehimaninternetsensation.Beginningwith"IspeakbrokenEnglish"，his20﹣minutespeechturnedouttobeahugesuccess，withbarelyanypausesormistakes.ThehumbleYuanwassimplybeingmodestduringhisspeech.Accordingtoanarticlein1999byCNN，thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently."IneverneedaninterpreterwhenIgooverseas，"hetoldtheUSnewsnetwork.Butinspiteofhisgreatknowledge，Yuanunderstandsthateventhewisestpeopleshouldstillbeopentolearnnewthings."Thefarmersofourcountrypossessrichexperienceinplantingrice，"hetoldXinhua."Weshouldlearnfromthem."14.WherewastheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductionheld？A.Hainan.B.Hunan.C.Shandong.D.Kenya.15.WhichisthemainreasonthatYuanLongpingisknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice"？A.Hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh﹣yield，hybridricevarieties.B.Hewasthefirsttosuccessfullycultivateatypeofhybridricespeciesintheworld.C.BecauseofYuan'sgroup，theproductionofthericewasincreased.D.HybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry'susualniceplants.16.YuanLongpingcanspeakthefollowinglanguagesEXCEPT？A.Chinese.B.English.C.Russian.D.French.17.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.YuanLongpingwonChina's2021FutureSciencePrize.B.YuanLongping'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld.C.YuanLongpinggotfamearoundtheworld.D.Thecharacterandcontribution〔奉獻(xiàn)〕ofYuanLongping.5ChinahasjustopeneditsFASTradiotelescopetointernationalscientists.Itmeansscientistsacrosstheworldcanapplyforusingthetelescopetodoastronomicalobservations.FASTisshortforFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope.ItsconstructionwascompletedinSeptember2021anditofficiallybeganoperatinginJanuary2021.Measuring500metersindiameter.FASTisthelargestradiotelescopeintheworld,surpassingthe305-metertelescopeoftheU.S.AreciboObservatory.FASTisalsobelievedtobetheworld’smostsensitivesingle-dishradiotelescope,andis10timesmoresensitivethanthe100-meterRadioTelescopeEffelsberginGermany.Themajorscientifictaskofthetelescopeistheobservationofpulsars〔脈沖星〕.Thestudyofpulsarscanhelptoconfirmtheexistenceofgravitationalradiation〔引力輻射〕andblackholes,andhelpsolvemanyothermajorquestionsinphysics.AnothermajorscientificgoalofFASTistosearchforlifeoutsidetheEarth.Thetelescopeislocatedinanaturallydeepandroundkarstdepression〔喀斯特洼〕insouthwestChina’sGuizhouProvince.Thefirstadvantageoftheselectedsiteisthealtitude.TheaveragealtitudeofGuizhouisabout1,100meters.Generally,thehigherthealtitude,themoreitcanobserve.Secondly,theradiotelescopeneedstohavea“bigpan〞toreceiveabettersignal.Thehugenaturaldepressioncouldreducethedifficultyofconstruction.Moreover,theselectedsiteinGuizhouisfarawayfromcities,andhasasmallpopulationdensity,whichreducestheinterferencecausedbywirelessdevicessuchasTVs,mobilephonesandradiosfromhumanactivities.Sofar,FASThasidentifiedover300pulsars.Expertspredictthatthenumbercouldreach1,000infiveyearsandthatthetelescopecouldlocateandidentifythefirstpulsaroutsidethegalaxy.18.WhocanuseFAST?A.Chinesescientists. B.Scientistsfromallcountries.C.Soldiersandpolicemen. D.AllChinesecitizens.19.WhendidFASTstartworking?A.In2021. B.In2021. C.In2021. D.In2021.20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutFAST’stask?A.Toconfirmtheexistenceofblackholes.B.TolookforlifeoutsidetheEarth.C.Toobservepulsarsintheuniverse.D.Tosurpassthetelescopeinothercountries.21.Whatdoweknowfromthe4thparagraph?A.ThemajorconsiderationofthelocationofFAST.B.GuizhouProvincehasthehighestaltitudeinChina.C.PeopleinGuizhouuseTVsandmobilephonesless.D.FASTisbuiltinapan-shapeplacetokeeppeopleout.22.WhatdoscientiststhinkFASTwillbeabletodointhefuture?A.Identifymorethan300pulsarsinfiveyears.B.Discoverthefirstpulsaroutsidethegalaxy.C.Locatewirelessdevicesaroundtheworld.D.Collectallkindsofsoundsinthespace.6ZhaoHuaisastudentfromauniversity.Hehasledagroupofuniversitystudentvolunteerssincelastyear.Theyhelpchildrenataprimaryschoolwiththeirstudiesanddailylives.“WhenIwasasmallchild,〞Zhaosaid，“IknewMarch5thwasadayforpeopletolearnfromLeiFengandhelpothers，butIdidn’tknowtherealmeaningofthespiritofLeiFeng.NowwhenIseethesmilingfacesofthekidsIhavehelped,IdeeplyunderstandLeiFeng.Helpingothersmakesmehappy.〞LeiFeng(1940-1962)isoneofthebest-knownsoldiersinChinesehistory.Helosthisparentswhenhewasveryyoung.Hisneighborsbroughthimup.Hediedinanaccidentathisageof22.Hedidmany___1___inhisshortlife.Forexample，hegavehismoneytotheparentsofanothersoldier，andboughtaticketforawomanhedidn’tknowwithouttellingherhisname.OnMarch5th,1963.ChairmanMaocalledonpeopleto“LearnfromLeiFeng〞andmadetheday“LeiFengDay〞.Todayalmost50yearshaspassedsinceLeiFeng’sdeath.SomepeoplesaythatthespiritofLeiFengisoutofdate.Manypeopledon’twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon’twantanytrouble.Therehavebeenmanyreportsaboutthecoldness(冷漠)ofpeople.ThishasmademanyChinesepeoplethinkdeeplyaboutthemselves.Manypeoplethinkweneedtopromote(提倡)LeiFengspiritagain.Theimportantthingisthatwemustbereadytohelpothersandmakeitahabit.23.Whichdayis“LeiFengDay〞?A.May3rd B.May5th C.March3rd D.March5th24.WhobroughtLeiFengup?A.Hisparents B.ChairmanMaoC.Hisneighbors D.Soldiers25.Theunderlinedphrase“gooddeeds〞means________inChinese.A.好人 B.好事 C.好夢 D.好主意26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.LeiFenggavehismoneytoanothersoldier’sparents.B.LeiFengboughtaticketforawomanandhetoldhisnametoher.C.LeiFengalwayshelpedothers.D.WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng.27.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.LeiFengSpiritB.LeiFeng’sDeathC.LeiFeng’sGoodNeighborsD.UniversityStudentVolunteers7TuYouyou,an84-year-oldChinesefemalescientist,wasawardedthe2021NobelPrizeinPhysiology(生理學(xué))orMedicineonOct.5.Shefoundamedicinethatcuresthedeadlydiseasecalledmalaria(瘧疾).TusharedtheprizewithtwoscientistsfromtheUSandJapan.TuisthefirstnativeChinesepersontogettheNobelPrizeinnaturalscience.Tufoundartemisinin(青蒿素)insweetwormwood(青蒿)backin1971.Shespentthefollowingyearstryingtoimprovethemedicine.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,about200millionpeoplesufferfrommalariaaroundtheworld,andabouthalfamilliondieeachyear.Today,artemisininisstillthemostusefulmedicinethatfightsagainstmalaria.WhenTujoinedthenationalresearchteamtofindthemalariamedicineinthe1960sandthe1970s,thingswerehard.Theteamdidn’thaveadvancedequipmentthen.Tuusedtomedicinesbytakingtakingthemherself.Tu’steamsearchedoldChinesemedicinebooksbyhandandtestedover2,000traditionalrecipes(配方).Todoresearch,Tualsohadtotravelalot.Onceshereturnedtoherfamilyaftersixmonthsawayfromhome.Herlittledaughterdidn’trecognizeherandhidfromthe“strangewoman〞.However,Tunevercomplained.“IfeelrewardedwhenIseesomanycuredpatients,〞shesaid.28.Malariaisakindof.A.food B.deadlydisease C.cancer29.Howmanypeoplesharedthe2021NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine?A.2 B.3 C.430.TuYouyoufoundartemisinin.A.attheageof40B.afteranAmericanscientistfounditC.Whenshejoinedthenationalresearchteaminthe1960s31.WhydidTuusetotestthemedicinebytakingthemherself?A.Becauseshelikedtodoso.B.Becausesomeoneforcedher.C.Becauseshedidn’thavegoodequipment.32.WhichisTrueaccordingtothispassage?A.About100millionpeoplediefrommalariaeveryyear.B.OldChinesemedicinebooksareuseless.C.Tu’slittledaughterdidn’tknowheraftershelefthomeforsixmonths.二、完型填空1Wuhanwasputonalockdown(封鎖)33January,23to34thenewcoronavirusfromspreadingfurther.Lifewasnormaluntilthelockdown.Everythinghappenedsosuddenly.Publictransportationwasstopped.About5millionpeoplehadleftthecity35ChineseNewYear,36manypetstrapped(困住)insidepeople'shomeswithnothingtoeatordrink.Anditwasimpossibleforthemtoreturnandtakecareoftheirpets.Groupsofvolunteers37camefromWuhanAnimalProtectionAssociationrushedtohelptheanimals.However,itwas38togointopeople'shomes.Theytriedas39astheycouldtogetintotherooms.Somepetownershadtotellthevolunteersthepasscodes(密碼)fortheirlocks,40otherstoldvolunteerstotakesparekeyselsewhere(別處)inthecity.Somepeopleeven41thevolunteerstofindalocksmith(修鎖工)tochangethelock.Aftertheywentinside,volunteersfedthepetsandleftmuchfoodandwaterforthem.Sincethelockdown42,volunteersinWuhanhavesavedmorethan2,500pets.33.A.in B.on C.at34.A.protect B.provide C.prevent35.A.after B.aheadof C.until36.A.leaving B.left C.toleave37.A.which B.who C.whom38.A.normal B.easy C.difficult39.A.more B.much C.most40.A.when B.while C.as41.A.asked B.let C.made42.A.began B.hasbegun C.begins2LiuMingdidn’tknow43toexpectwhenhevolunteeredfortheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGamesinShanghai,backinOctober2002.Nowhethinksitwasthemost44experienceofhislife.“It’sfantastictoworkasavolunteer!〞hesays.TheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld.They45manyeventssimilarto46intheOlympics,suchasbasketball,footballandswimming.Over40,000people47theirsparetimeforthe2007SpecialOlympicsWorldGames.Itwasnecessaryforthesevolunteerstoreceivetrainingbeforedoingthetasks.Thentheyprovidedsupportfortheathletesandhelpedmaketheeventsa