2022-2023學(xué)年甘肅省蘭州某中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題 （解析版）

蘭州一中2022-2023-1學(xué)期期末考試試題

高二英語(yǔ)

（滿分：150分限時(shí)：120分鐘）

第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分；滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheman'shouse.B.Inagrocery.C.Inarestaurant.

2.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowmorning?

A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.

3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?

A.WatchTV.B.Calltheirmother.C.Takethechildrenout.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Thephysicalexercisesaretoohard.

B.Heisn'tinterestedinphysicalexercises.

C.Studentsaren'tingoodphysicalcondition.

5.Howdidtheboygethomefromschoolyesterday?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttowork?

A.Atapostoffice.B.Atamuseum.C.Atacollege.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Havesomethingtodrink.

B.Listentothenewsreport.

C.Writesomeletters.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whenwastheflightsupposedtotakeoff?

A.At8:00a.m.B.At11:00a.m.C.At2:00p.m.

9.Whatwillthespeakersfailtododuetothedelayoftheflight?

A.TourSydney.B.Attendameeting.C.Visitsomecustomers.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.WhyJustineshouldtakenotes.

B.WhatJustinecandotoimprovehergrades.

C.HowtodownloadmaterialsfromtheInternet.

11.WhydoesthemanaskJustinetocheckouthiswebpage?

A.Tofindoutthelecturenotes.

B.Tolookforanswerstoherquestions.

C.Todownloadherhomeworkafterclass.

12.WhatdoesthemansuggestJustinedo?

A.Trytomakealectureherself.

B.Answerquestionsbeforeclass.

C.Readthebookaheadoftime.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatisthewoman'sadvice?

A.Getcheapchairsatastreetmarket.

B.Buyatleastthreechairs.

C.Sitonpackingcases.

14.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?

A.Acase.B.Aguidebook.C.Curtains.

16.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewomanintheend?

A.Envious.B.Pleased.C.Upset.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?

A.Topersuadelistenerstojoinaclub.

B.Totelllistenershowtochooseaclub.

C.TogiveageneralintroductiontoanEnglishclub.

18.WhomistheEnglishclubaimedat?

A.Thosewhohaven'tlearnedEnglishbefore.

B.ThosewhowanttoimprovetheiroralEnglish.

C.ThosewhowanttomakesomeEnglishfriends.

19.Whatisheldeachmonth?

A.Singingcompetitions.

B.Englishperformances.

C.EnglishCornerdiscussions.

20.WhatdoweknowabouttheEnglishclub?

A.ItoffersEnglishfilmsfromaroundtheworld.

B.Studentshavetopaytojoinit.

C.Ithasitsownwebsite.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

選項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Theworld'scraziestfestivals

Crazyfestivalsallovertheworldareouttherejustwaitingtobecelebrated.JoinCorneliaKumfertonatripto

themostunusualeventstakingplacearoundtheglobe.

BurningManFestival

EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcunositiesgaloretomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesert

changesintoamammothartexhibition.

InAugustandSeptember,some70,00peoplecomeheretoceletratetheBurningManFestival.

SanDiegoComicCon

Surelysuperheroesdon'tqueue?Well,atSanDiego'sComicConventiontheydo.EachJulyheyopentheirdos

tofansofSupermanandothercomicfigures.Morethan100,000annualvisitorshavepaidhomagetotheirmythical

heroes.

CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo

AttheCryingBabyFestivalinTokyo(Japan),sumowrestlersdowhattheycantobringbabiestotears.

Sadistsrunriot?Certainlynot!It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapaneseproverb,whichsaysthatcrying

babiesgrowfastestandparentsbelievetheeventbringsgoodhealthtotheirchildren.

PalioContest,Siena

FameandhonourawaitthewinnerofthePaliocontestinSiena(Italy).

InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecityjockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorse

race.

Thetrophygoestothecontestantwhosehorsecrossesthefinishinglinefirst-whetherhe'sstillinthesaddleor

not.

1.Whichofthefestivalsoffersaviewofart?

A.BurningManFestival.B.PalioContest,Siena.

C.CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo.D.SanDiegoComicCon.

2.HowwasthefestivalinTokyofounded?

AOnthebasisofaproverb.B.Basedonaphrase.

C.Accordingtoastory.D.Attherequestofthepublic.

3.WhatcantouristsseeinSienaofItalybetweenJulyandAugust?

A.Aburningmanshow.B.Acomedyplay.

C.Ahorserace.D.Ababy-cryingshow.

【答案】l.A2.A3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了世界上幾個(gè)最瘋狂的節(jié)日的活動(dòng)地點(diǎn)及內(nèi)容。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BurningManFestival部分中“EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcuriositiesgalore

tomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesertchangesintoamammothartexhibition.（每年在內(nèi)華達(dá)州（美國(guó)），當(dāng)黑

巖沙漠變成一個(gè)龐大的藝術(shù)展覽時(shí)，都會(huì)有大量的藝術(shù)品和珍品讓人驚嘆）”可知，在BurningManFestival

這個(gè)節(jié)日期間可以欣賞到藝術(shù)品。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo部分中“It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapanese

proverb（它是一個(gè)有著400年傳統(tǒng)基于日本的一句諺語(yǔ)而產(chǎn)生的節(jié)日）”可知，日本的CryingBabyFestival

這一節(jié)日來(lái)源于諺語(yǔ)。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PalioContest,Siena部分中“InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecity

jockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorserace.（7月和8月，該市不同地區(qū)的十名居民在一場(chǎng)壯觀的賽馬中爭(zhēng)

奪第一名）”可知，游客們7、8月在意大利的錫耶納可以看到賽馬。故選C。

B

WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,atsuchanoldage,workedasa

deliverydriver.That'swhenthe89-year-oldmanfirstcameintothesightoftheHerbertfamily.JuditNeweystarted

deliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocialsecuritybenefits（社會(huì)保障金）weren'tenoughto

liveon.FromthemomenttheHerbertsheardhimsay,"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza,"Juditfoundhisway

intotheirhearts!

Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.Itdidn'ttakelongforthemto

beginrecordingtheirsweetmeetingsandsharethemonTikTok,whichishowthousandsofotherpeoplefellinlove

withJudit.Still,hisfanscouldn'thelpbutwonderwhysomeoneathisagewasworkingsohard——questionthe

Herbertfamilywasaskingthemselvestoo.TheyspokewithJudit,andwhentheyfoundoutheworks30hoursaweek

tomakeendsmeet,theydecidedtocollectdonationstomakehislifeeasier.Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,but

thetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000reallysurprisedthem!

InSeptember,thecoupledecidedtoswitchthingsupbyshowingupatJudit'sdoorwithacoupleofgifts.First,

theysurprisedhimwithacutecartoonshirtofhimselfholdingapizzabox.Thentheyrevealedthesurprisingactof

generositythatbroughthimtotears!TheyexplainedthattheyhadralliedtheirTikTokcommunitytosupporthim,and

whilehe*snotentirelysurewhattheplatformis,hecouldn'tbemorethankful.

“Howdoeversaythankyou?Idon'tknowwhattosay,Mhetoldthem."Idon'tknowwhattosay,exceptthank

you."TheHerbertsinsistedtheywerejustthemessengers.Itwashisfanswhomadethewonderfulgiftpossible.Plus,

thewaytheyseeit,theyYejustrepayingJuditforhiskindness.

4.WhatdidJuditNeweymeanbysaying"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza/'?

A.Hewassellingpizza.B.Hewasdeliveringpizza.

C.TheHerbertsweremakingtheorder.D.TheHerbertslostsomepizza.

5.WhydoesJuditNeweyhavetodeliverpizzaatsuchanoldageof89?

A.Tohelppeopleinneed.B.Toraisemoneyforthepoor.

C.Tovolunteerinacharity.D.Tomakehisliving.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.ThemoneytheHerbertsraisedwasbeyondtheirexpectations.

B.TheHerbertsaskedTikTokforhelptorecordtheirmeeting.

C.JuditwasverythankfulbecauseofthesupportfromTikTok.

D.Juditworked30hoursaweektoaffordhissocialsecuritybenefits.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheHerberts?

A.Helpfulandwarmhearted.B.Optimisticandwise.

C.Generousandhardworking.D.Kindandtalented.

【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了一家人給一個(gè)89歲、但仍然在工作的老人籌錢幫助他的故事。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,at

suchanoldage,workedasadelivei-ydriver.”（當(dāng)弗蘭克赫伯特從必勝客訂購(gòu)披薩時(shí)，他很驚訝朱迪特在這么

大的年紀(jì)還當(dāng)了送貨司機(jī)。）可知，JuditNewey通過(guò)說(shuō)“你好，你在找披薩嗎?”說(shuō)明他在送披薩?故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"JuditNeweystarteddeliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocial

securitybenefits（社會(huì)保障金）weren'tenoughtoliveon.（JuditNewey開(kāi)始在猶他州羅伊市送披薩，以幫助

支付賬單，因?yàn)樗纳鐣?huì)保障福利不足以維持生計(jì)。）可知，僅靠社會(huì)保障金，他不足以生存，所以他需要

去送披薩。故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,butthetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000really

surprisedthem!”（他們認(rèn)為任何事情都會(huì)有所幫助，但高達(dá)12,000美元的總金額確實(shí)讓他們感到驚訝?。┛?/p>

知，他們籌的錢超出了他們的預(yù)期。故選A項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.

（從那天起，每當(dāng)他們下訂單時(shí)，他們都會(huì)親自要求朱迪特。）可知，這家人很熱心，每次都找JuditNewey

送外賣，通過(guò)這樣的方式來(lái)幫助他。根據(jù)文章第三段uThentheyrevealedthesurprisingactofgenerositythat

broughthimtotears!”（然后他們揭示了讓他流淚的令人驚訝的慷慨行為?。┛芍@家人糠慨地籌錢給他，

對(duì)他很有幫助。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsurewhetherstressed

peoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthatsmell.

Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferentchemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathand

sweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.Butitwasn'tknownifstresscouldcausechangesthatcouldbedetected.

SoresearchersatQueen'sUniversityBelfast,ledbyscientistClaraWilson,collectedbreathandsweatsamples（樣品）

from36differentpeople.Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.

Thecalmpartwaseasy.Theyaskedpeopletoreporttheirstresslevel,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandblood

pressure.Thepeoplewereaskedtowipetheirskinwithacleanpieceofcloth.Thentheyhadtoputtheclothsample

inatube（管子）,breatheonithardthreetimes,andsealthetube.

Thenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopletodoitintheirheadsquickly.They

kepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedforthreeminutes.Thentheresearchers

collectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabouttheirlevelofstress,andmeasured

theirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.Onaverage,theheartrateincreased

fromabout91beatsperminutetoabout105beatsperminute.

Thescientistsusedoneofthestressedsamples,alongwithtwocleanpiecesofcloth,totrainthedogstofindthe

stressedsmell.Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefromacalmperson,astressedsample

fromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthesetests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthe

stressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.

Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.Ms.Wilsonsaysthenewscouldbe

especiallyusefulintrainingservicedogs,sincetheirjobistohelprelievestress.

8.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromparagraph2?

A.One'sbodysmellalmoststaysthesame.

BOurbreathandsweatcontainchemicals.

C.Stressplaysabigroleinone'sbodysmell.

D.Ourbodiesproducechemicalsonlywhenwe'reawake.

9.Whatwasthepurposeofthescientists'behaviorsduringthethreeminutes?

A.Tostresspeopleout.B.Toholdpeopleback.

C.Tocheerpeopleup.D.Tokeeppeopleinterested.

10.Thefiguresinparagraph5aremainlyusedtoshow

A.thedifficultyofthechallenge

B.thecomplexityoftheexperiment

C.thedogsfinishedthechallengequitewell

D.theexperimentneededtobeimproved

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DogsProvetoHaveaGreatSenseofSmell

B.ItTurnsOutThatStressDoesHaveaSmell

C.ScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress

D.ResearchShowsThatDogsCanBeStressRelievers

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章闡述了科學(xué)家們的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)：人在承受壓力時(shí)會(huì)釋放與平時(shí)不同的氣味,

狗能嗅出這種氣味。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一、二句"Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferent

chemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathandsweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.（一整天，我們的身體都在

經(jīng)歷變化，產(chǎn)生不同的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它們從我們的呼吸和汗水中釋放出來(lái)，略微改變了我們的氣味。）”可知

我們的呼吸和汗液中含有化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.（他

們分別在受試者平靜和緊張時(shí)抽取樣本。）”可知研究人員采集了人們?cè)谄届o和緊張兩種狀態(tài)下的樣本；根

據(jù)文章第三段第一句"Thecalmpartwaseasy.（平靜的部分很容易。）”可知本段是介紹研究人員采集人們平

靜狀態(tài)下的樣本；根據(jù)文章第四段aThenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopleto

doitintheirheadsquickly.Theykepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedfor

threeminutes.Thentheresearcherscollectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabout

theirlevelofstress,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.（然

后，科學(xué)家們問(wèn)了一個(gè)非常難的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，并強(qiáng)迫人們快速在腦海中做。他們不停地叫人們快點(diǎn)，卻不給

他們?nèi)魏螏椭?。這種情況持續(xù)了三分鐘。然后，研究人員又收集了兩個(gè)汗液和呼吸樣本。他們還詢問(wèn)了這

些人的壓力水平，并測(cè)量了他們的心率和血壓。大多數(shù)人說(shuō)他們感到壓力很大。）”結(jié)合文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知

科學(xué)家們那三分鐘的行為目的是給人們施加壓力，以獲取人們?cè)趬毫顟B(tài)下的樣本。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段第二句到段末"Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefrom

acalmperson,astressedsamplefromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthese

tests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthestressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.（接下來(lái)的是挑戰(zhàn)：它們有三個(gè)選擇

來(lái)自冷靜的人的樣本，來(lái)自同一個(gè)人的壓力樣本和一塊干凈的布。這些狗總共做了720個(gè)這樣的測(cè)試，它

們對(duì)壓力樣本的正確識(shí)別率是大約94%o）”以及最后一段第一句"Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshave

asmellthatdogscandetect.（研究結(jié)果清楚地表明，壓力確實(shí)有狗能察覺(jué)到的氣味。）”可以推斷，文章第五

段中的數(shù)字主要是為了說(shuō)明狗狗們很好地完成了挑戰(zhàn)。故選Co

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsure

whetherstressedpeoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthat

smell.（人們?cè)缇椭拦酚泻芎玫男嵊X(jué)。但科學(xué)家們不確定壓力大的人是否有一種特殊的氣味。即使他們有特

殊氣味，他們也不確定狗是否能嗅到這種氣味。）”以及下文針對(duì)此問(wèn)題所做的實(shí)驗(yàn)以及獲得的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果“The

resultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.（研究結(jié)果清楚地表明，壓力確實(shí)有狗能察

覺(jué)到的氣味。）”可知，本文主要是介紹科學(xué)家們通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)：人在承受壓力時(shí)會(huì)釋放與平時(shí)不同的氣味，

狗能嗅出這種氣味，C選項(xiàng)uScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress（科學(xué)家了解到狗可以聞到壓力）“可

以概括全文，適合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。

D

Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.Othersseemtomakeleethclenchandeyes

rollnomatterwhattheydo.Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathatthewayapersontendsto

makeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit"affectivepresence”.

Thisconceptwasfirstdescribednearly10yearsagoinastudyledbyNoahEisenkraft,abusinessprofessorat

WashingtonUniversity.Heputbusiness-schoolstudentsintogroups,hadthemregisterforallthesameclassesfora

semester,anddoeverygroupprojecttogether.Thenthemembersofeachgroupratedhowmucheveryothermember

madethemfeeleightdifferentemotions:stressed,bored,angry,sad,calm,relaxed,happy,andenthusiastic.The

researchersfoundthatasignificantportionofgroupmembers^motionscouldbeaccountedforbytheaffective

presenceoftheirpeers.

Itseemsthat“ourownwayofbeinghasanemotionalsignature"，saysElfenbein.

It'sbeenknownforsometimethatemotionsareinfectious.Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardless

ofone'sownfeelings——thosewithpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonally

areanxiousorsad,andtheoppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.

Unsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentraltotheirsocialnetworks—in

Elfenbein^study,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.SectorMadrid,anorganizational-behavior

professor,hasfoundthatleaderswithpositiveaffectivepresencehaveteamsthatarebetteratsharinginformation,

whichleadstocreativity.Inferiorsaremorelikelytovoicetheirideas,too.

However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.

Psychopaths（精神變態(tài)者）areinfamouslycharmingandmaywellusetheirpositiveaffectivepresencefbr

calculatingends.Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresencenecessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootball

coachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthemtomakeacomeback.Shesuspectsthataffectivepresenceis

closelyrelatedtoemotionalintelligencewhichonecanusetocurecancerortobeacriminalmastermind.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“maketeethclench"inParagraph1mean?

A.Makepeopleupsetorangry.B.Makepeoplegladorrefreshed.

C.Makepeoplecomfortableorrelaxed.D.Makepeopleamazedorthrilled.

13.WhydoestheauthormentionElffenbein'sstudyinParagraph5?

A.Tosuggestleadersarebetteratsharinginformation.

B.Toproveleadersalsohavenegativeaffectivepresence

C.Toindicatepositiveaffectivepresencehasagreaterinfluence,

D.Toshowpositiveaffectivepresencecanpromotesocialinteraction.

14.Whatdoyouknowaboutaffectivepresenceaccordingtothetext?

A.Itisfbrcalculatingends.B.Itisadouble-edgedsword.

C.Itisaffectedbyone'sownemotion.D.Itisthepositiveemotionalinfluenceonothers.

15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel

B.EmotionalSignature:WhyEmotionsareInfectious

C.AffectivePresence:NegativePartofYourPersonalities

D.EmotionalIntelligence:BigPartofaffectivePresence

【答案】12A13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，說(shuō)明“情感在場(chǎng)”對(duì)其他人的影響。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardlessofone'sownfeelings—those

withpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonallyareanxiousorsad,andthe

oppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.（但情感存在是一種影響,不管一個(gè)人自己的感受如何

——那些有積極情感在場(chǎng)的人會(huì)讓其他人感覺(jué)良好，即使他們個(gè)人感到焦慮或悲傷，而那些有消極情感在

場(chǎng)的人則相反）”可知，有積極情感的人會(huì)讓其他人感覺(jué)良好，有消極情感的人則相反，從而推知，對(duì)應(yīng)劃

線詞句前文“Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.（有些人走進(jìn)房間，可以立刻

讓每個(gè)人都放松下來(lái)）由此推知uOthersseemtomaketeethclenchandeyesrollnomatterwhattheydo.（有

些人似乎無(wú)論做什么都maketeethclench并翻白眼）”中劃線短語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“使其他人緊張、焦慮不安”的意思。

故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中KUnsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentralto

theirsocialnetworks-inElfenbcin'sstudy,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.（不出所料，

那些總是讓別人感覺(jué)良好的人在他們的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中更重要一一在Elfenbein的研究中，更多的同學(xué)將他們視

為朋友）”可推知，提到Elfenbein的研究為了表明積極的情感在場(chǎng)可以促進(jìn)社會(huì)互動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段"However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.（然而，

Elfenbein指出，積極的情感在場(chǎng)并不是想當(dāng)然的好事）”以及最后一段中"Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresence

necessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootballcoachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthem

tomakeacomeback.（對(duì)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō)，消極情感在場(chǎng)也不一定總是壞事想想-一個(gè)足球教練在中場(chǎng)休息

時(shí)對(duì)著球隊(duì)大喊大叫，激勵(lì)他們反擊）”可知，情感在場(chǎng)是一把雙刃劍。故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一—段中“Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathattheway

apersontendstomakeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit'affective

presence，.（一小部分心理學(xué)研究支持這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即一個(gè)人給別人的感受是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部

分。研究人員稱之為‘情感在場(chǎng)'）”可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究“情感在場(chǎng)”，即一個(gè)人給別人的感受

是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部分。由此可知，A項(xiàng)AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel（情感存在：

你如何讓人們感覺(jué)）適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

GrowingFruitTreesintheHomeGarden

Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow."Ithinkthis

littlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.16.Theycanbeexpensiveandthere's

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'llbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.Here'smyadvicefor

selectingandgrowingfruittrees.

17

Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyourtree

doesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.18.Most

nurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,youneedtolearn

allyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.

Protectyourtrees

Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetit'sappealingtohungrydeer.19.Youcan

purchasenetting,tubing,orpaperorburlapwrap.Oryoucanbecreativeandmakeyourowntreeguard.Justbesure

nottoconstrictthetree'strunkbywrappingtootightly.Nothingismoredisappointingthandiscoveringthatjust

beforeyourfruitfullyripened,somethinggottoitbeforeyoudid,sodoremembertoprotectyourfruits.

Beattentive

Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcarespecifictrees

require.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.20.Rigorousfall

clean-upisessential.

Whatrewardsyourfamilywillreapifyouaddfruittreestoyourgarden.There'snotimelikethepresenttoget

started.Justdoit.

A.Don'tputitoff

B.Doyourresearch

C.Ifstooeasytoputoffbuyingandplantingtrees

D.Besafeandusesomekindoftreewraporguard

E.Youalsomustbediligentinprotectingyourtreesfrompestsanddiseases

F.Checkwithyourlocalagriculturalextensionservice

G.Ifsalsoimportanttoknowthebesttimetoplant

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就種植和護(hù)理果樹進(jìn)行了一些說(shuō)明。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow.^^I

thinkthislittlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.（一句古老的諺語(yǔ)說(shuō)：“種樹的最好時(shí)

間是20年前。其次是現(xiàn)在我認(rèn)為這一智慧尤其適用于果樹）"以及后文"Theycanbeexpensiveandthere9s

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'Hbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.（它們可能彳艮貴，而且

總是有很多其他的事情可以做。一個(gè)人的邏輯也很容易被扭曲：“我可能要等七年才能吃到水果，所以為什

么要自找麻煩呢？"但你猜怎么著。如果你不種那些樹，你會(huì)等得更久）”可知，本句與后文并列都是在說(shuō)

明種樹的麻煩之處，故C選項(xiàng)“買樹和種樹太容易推遲了”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyour

treedoesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.（jT解;?同的深度

和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要求。有很多東西要學(xué)。如果你的圣誕樹上沒(méi)有這些說(shuō)明，可以上網(wǎng)搜索一

下。只是要確保你的消息來(lái)源是可靠的）”可知，后文提到了了解洞的深度和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要

求，以及要在網(wǎng)上搜索，可見(jiàn)是做好調(diào)查研究工作。故B選項(xiàng)“做好調(diào)查研究”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Mostnurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,

youneedtolearnallyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.（大多數(shù)苗圃基于您的地區(qū)的適當(dāng)種植時(shí)間：然

而，如果你在當(dāng)?shù)刭?gòu)買，你需要盡可能了解有利的種植條件）”可知，本句是對(duì)最佳種植時(shí)間的重要性進(jìn)行

說(shuō)明。故G選項(xiàng)“知道最佳種植時(shí)間也很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetifsappealingtohungrydeer.（幼樹的樹皮

特別容易受到傷害，但對(duì)饑餓的鹿卻很有吸引力）”可知，本句應(yīng)承接上文說(shuō)明如何保護(hù)樹木：使用一些樹

木包裹物或防護(hù)物。故D選項(xiàng)“為了安全起見(jiàn)，使用一些樹木包裹物或防護(hù)物”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcare

specifictreesrequire.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.（果樹渴望

關(guān)注，有些果樹比其他果樹更渴望關(guān)注。同樣，研究對(duì)于了解特定樹木需要多少護(hù)理是至關(guān)重要的。它們

都需要覆蓋、修剪、施肥和經(jīng)常澆水）”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于如何護(hù)理果樹的說(shuō)明，故E選項(xiàng)“你還必須

勤奮地保護(hù)你的樹木不受病蟲害的侵害”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項(xiàng)。

EarlyoneSaturday,Iheadedtoa“sugardetox（戒糖）“seminaratmygym.

Iwasthereon21orders.MarkHyman,themedicaldirectoroftheClevelandClinic'sCenterfbr

FunctionalMedicine,hadadvisedasugardetoxformeto22visceral（內(nèi)臟的）fat,whichhesaid

“23awhole