職稱英語閱讀理解、完形填空

職稱英語考試技巧

針對職稱英語考試中的第一部分詞匯題，建議大家?guī)б槐就x詞詞典(雙解詞典)，

這類詞典的特點是用幾個同義詞注解某一英文單詞，大家可以非常方便地在注解中

找到答案。有了字典，又該如何查呢？經(jīng)常聽到有學員在答疑室中說：某某單詞在

字典里查不到，其實不是字典里沒有，而是他們不會查，最常見到的情況有兩種：

第一種：分不清單詞詞性；如：

1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.2.Sheisclosetosuccess.

兩句話里都有close,但是詞性不同，第一句話里的是動詞，因為有形式上的變化

(-ed)；而第二句話里的close跟在is的后面，而且形式上沒有變化，因此判斷為形

容詞。當尋找他們的同義詞時，應(yīng)針對不同的詞性加以判斷。

第二中：分不清劃線單詞是原形，現(xiàn)在分詞或過去式：

如：Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)

A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

如果去字典里查urged,當然是查不到的。

Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.(P461)

A.postedB.SentC.handedD.Given

接下來，我們一起練幾題，大家可以八仙過海各顯神通，看誰做得又快又好！

1.Practicallyallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A.ClearlyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically

2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A.InspiringB.BoringC.MovingD.absorbing

3.Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly.

A.SpreadB.MixedC.BeatenD.covered

4.Iwon'ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

5.Theindexisthegovernment/schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

閱讀理解常用提問方式

1.有關(guān)主旨題的提問方式：

1）Themain（主要的）idea（思想，主意）ofthispassage（文章）is...

2）Whichofthefollowing（下歹U的）statements（句子）bestexpresses

（表達）themainideaofthepassage?

3）Thepassagemainlydiscusses（討論）...

4）Thispassagemainlydealswith（涉及）...

5）Theauthor/spurpose（意圖）inwritingthispassageis...

6）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.有關(guān)細節(jié)題的提問方式：

1）Somepeopledosth.because?

2）Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

3）What...?Which...?Who（Whom）...?When（Whattime）...

4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.有關(guān)詞語釋義題的提問方式：

1）Theword"...”inline（行）...refersto（指）...2）Inparagraph4/it"referto（means）

4.有關(guān)推理判斷題的提問方式：

1）Itcanbeinferred（推斷）fromthepassagethat

2）Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?

3）Itcanbeconcluded（結(jié)論）fromthepassagethat

5.有關(guān)作者觀點意圖題的提問方式：

1）Theauthor'smain（主要的）purpose（目的）inthispassageis

2）Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageis

3）Inthispassagetheauthor/sattitude（看法）couldbest..

4）Theauthor'smainthought（思想）isthat…

眾所周知，閱讀理解題的成敗關(guān)乎到考試能否及格，所以一定要掌握好的解題

方法，在大家詞匯量都不是很多的情況下，方法就顯得極其重要！

閱讀理解例題：

例一：LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Ona

clearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecan

seemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,anastronomerwiththe

UniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）inBoulder,Colo.Butwhen

peoplearesurroundedbycitylights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreat

distance,you/vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,office

buildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky.This

hazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcities

likeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsot

lightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother,wWardsays,“that

citywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Lightfrom

allthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtilefaintlightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

6.Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'sclear

thatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse”.There'sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheir

way,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,"hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

influence.''Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,andcablesfromradioand

televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomerszwork?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystarso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitlewLightNight,DarkStars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解標題，推測文章內(nèi)容：沒有生詞，明亮的夜晚，

LightNight,DarkStarso

昏暗的星空。只是看題目，還不易推測出文章的主要內(nèi)容，因此，要快速瀏覽全文,

看能否找到出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞或短語，它們有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我

用黑線標出了出現(xiàn)頻率最多的短語：lightpollution.所以可以推測文章的內(nèi)容和光污染

有關(guān)。接下來判斷所給5題的題型，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)1至4都是細節(jié)題，因此只需要找到

關(guān)鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨題，而且是最后一題，所以要等文章讀完后

最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope當他們有一個非常不錯的望遠鏡.

BWhentheyareinalargecity當他們在大城市時.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights當夜空中沒有云、

月光和人造燈光時.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog當夜空沒有陰霾和大霧時.

分析：關(guān)鍵詞很容易找14000stars,在第一段出現(xiàn)了該詞：

Thousandsofpeople（數(shù)以千計的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）stepoutside（走

出去）togazeat（凝視）theirnightsky.Onaclear（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,

moonlight,orartificial（人造的）lightstoblock（遮擋、擋住）theview,peoplecan

seemorethan14,000starsintheskv（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文

學家）withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）inBoulder,

Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。。包圍）bycitylights,hesays,they/relucky

tosee150stars.

補充：請注意短語：beclearofsth:無阻礙、障礙、危險

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing.（等至!）路上沒車時再過馬路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（敘述）isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有關(guān)）light

pollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights（陰

霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路燈和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky

來自于不同來源的光進入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight夜空由晚上

大城市發(fā)出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing觀望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhaze

intheair由于空氣中有一層霾，所以觀望星星變得困難.

分析：本題的關(guān)鍵詞是lightpollution,而且按照題目的題號應(yīng)該在文章的前面，所以

從第二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance（答

案C）zyou/vewitnessed（見證、目睹）lightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfrom

streetlights>officebuildingsysigns>andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminates

thenightsky（答案A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,making

stargazingdifficult（請注意這句話并不是答案D,他們不同，該句是說：甚至在晚上,

許多像紐約這樣的大城市所產(chǎn)生的燈光使觀望星星變得困難。）所以，D的表述同光

污染沒有關(guān)聯(lián)。

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers/work?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因為曾經(jīng)黑暗的鄉(xiāng)村地

區(qū)被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystars因為鄉(xiāng)村

地區(qū)不是一個好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

分析：題目是說：不斷擴大的城市會影響天文學家的工作嗎？為什么他會這樣認為？

在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞：polluted和lights.所以，根據(jù)閱讀的規(guī)律，只要和

線索詞有關(guān)的答案，多半就是最終答案。如果大家想檢查答案是否正確的話，也可

以帶著關(guān)鍵詞astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheiriobs.

通過對句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下來的段落中可以對答案加以判

斷：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs（交B區(qū)）aregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Light

fromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring（使。。。變得模糊）thefaint（微

弱的）lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate（確定。。。的位置）these

objects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

總結(jié)：做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心詞，只要被選項中有核心

內(nèi)容的出現(xiàn)就可以推測為正確答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，動物們可能偏離航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstoggintocities.

動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鳥類飛進有光的建筑物里。

分析：題目是說：光污染是如何影響野生動物？下列哪個說法不正確？

關(guān)鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到內(nèi)容：

Lightpollutiondoesn/tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'sclearthat

artificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse”（答案A）.There/sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheir

way,saysSydneyGauthreausJr,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,“hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive（破壞，性的）

influence（答案C）."Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers（答案D）,highrises,and

cablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethis

wayeveryyear.所以，答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothetitle"Light

Night,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是淺色的而星星是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光顯現(xiàn)在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經(jīng)無法看見.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本題是唯一的一道主旨題，所以需要縱觀全文。通過我們對前4題的解答，

完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說：由于不斷擴大的城市，越來越多的城市燈光，

已經(jīng)成為一種污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahasreported.New

figuresshowthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.

Butfourdecadesago,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonot

feeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

economicboom,whichisdrivenbyred-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmask

seriousdeficienciesinitslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofitstradingpartners.

Butastheworld/seconomicpowershiftstoemergingregionssuchasAsia,itslanguage

gapcouldsoonbeexposed.Accordingtothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhigh

schoolgraduatesareproficientinanAsianlanguage.Academicsworrythatthismeans

AustraliawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportantAsianneighbors.

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguage

skillscanenhancetradingopportunities.IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,

itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearningPippaMcCowage,a

22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoungAustralianshaveahalf-hearted

approachtoforeignlanguages,andthelanguagecurriculumisoftenweak."Whilewe're

encouragedinhighschooltolearnanotherlanguage,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasa

realisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,“saidMcCowage."Forexample,I

learnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchangeinYear10,Ifoundthatthe

JapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuchgreaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidin

Japanese.Sointhatsense,italmostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexportsgotoAsiaandtheAustralian

governmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingclosereconomicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomicpowerhouses,Australia

needstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeignlanguagesforty

yearsago?A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedinstrengtheningtieswith

Asia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.

解題目：Declining衰退的Interest興趣inDeveloping發(fā)展、開發(fā)Foreign

Language外語Skills技能，所以串在一起可以將之理解成：逐漸喪失提高外語技

能的興趣。通過理解題目，我們可以推測一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declining

interest應(yīng)是核心詞。

接下來，來看5道題的題目，對出題方式加以判斷：1,3,4都是細節(jié)題，而2題是

推斷題；5題是詞語釋義題。針對不同出題方式的題目要以不同的方法加以應(yīng)對。

1.Howmuchpercent百分數(shù)ofhighschoolgraduates（高中畢業(yè)生）wereproficient

（精通的）inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago（40年前）?

A）70.B）13.C）40.D）6.5.

分析：這是細節(jié)題,關(guān)鍵詞：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagOo位于第一題的位

置，所以答案應(yīng)該來源于第一段：

Australia/sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahasreported.New

figures（數(shù)字）showthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeak

aforeignlanguage.Butfourdecades（一個decade是10年）ago（40年前），40

percenthadforeignlanguageskills（答案的出處）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推測出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdeposit.sofminerals.（澳大利亞行豐富的礦藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：題目中有infer,所以該題是推斷題。因此，需要讀第二段，尋找核心內(nèi)容，

主要是要找到關(guān)鍵句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonot

feeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

economicboom（經(jīng)濟的繁榮），whichisdriven（受到驅(qū)動）byred-hot（非常有活力

的）demand（要求）foritsminerals礦物（核心詞），ishelpingmask掩蓋serious

deficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般發(fā)現(xiàn)A、B、C、D四個選項中，哪個選項出現(xiàn)中心詞，一般該選項就是正

確答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：這是一道標準的細節(jié)題，中心詞就是：DilipDuttao帶著它，我們可以在第三

段里搜索到相關(guān)的語句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguage

skillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D出處?。?IFAustralianswanttotradewith

Asiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemto

getclosertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亞政府）beenkeenly（強烈地）

interestedinstrengthening（加強）ties（聯(lián)系）withAsia（亞洲）?

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

分析：從題目的類型來說，一定是細節(jié)題，找到核心詞：Australiangovernment,keenly

我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)核心詞沒有出現(xiàn)在第四段中，而在最后一段

interestedin,tieswithAsiao

中出現(xiàn)了：

Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexports（主要的出口貨物）eotoAsia

and（該詞相當于s。,因果關(guān)系連詞）theAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenon

developingcloser?（親密的）economic（經(jīng)濟的）anddiplomatic（夕卜交的）tieswith

Asia（答案出處）.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomic

powerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefull

advantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college學院.B）institute學會、研究所C）university大學.D）department系.

分析：這是一道詞語釋義題。大家可以查字典，也可以根據(jù)單詞出現(xiàn)的前后文來判

斷：DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（經(jīng)濟學）andbusiness（貿(mào)易）facultyatSydney

University,。。。因為后面有...university,因此自然想到是大學里的“系二

例三：OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywerebigger,but

becausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifegreaterease.

2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcanic

eruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersof

animals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhuge

formationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,

themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe“killingefficiency”for

thesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeof

lavathattheyproduced.Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10times

aseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago,ismarked

byfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.

Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonas

carbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarine

generaatthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60million

yearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutno

massextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithinten

thousandsofyears./zThemostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,“Wignallsays.He

ignoredtheextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemany

scientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinksthat

oldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetter

adaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,saysthat

WignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardtodothesesortsof

calculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptionsdependsonhow

longtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousands

ormillionsofyears.Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbon

dioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignallcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A）300millionyearsago.B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.D）65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A）Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.B）Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C）Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D）Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A）Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B）Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C）Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D）Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解標題:OlderVolcanic（火山的）Eruptions（噴發(fā)）

本文講的是遠古火山噴發(fā)，所以oldervolcaniceruptions應(yīng)是核心詞。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?（為什么遠

古火山噴發(fā)比近期噴發(fā)損害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：細節(jié)題。第一題，一般在開頭段落尋找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破壞性的）inancienthistory（在古代的勞歷

史中），notbecause（不是因為）theywerebigger,butbecause（而是因為）thecarbon

dioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他們所釋放的，定語修飾前面的thecarbondioxide）

wipedout擦去、抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是說：古代的火山更具殺傷力，不是因為它們更大，而是因為它們釋放出來的

二氧化碳更容易把人殺死。所以答案A表述的內(nèi)容同本段相符。

2.How（如何,詢問方式）didWignallcalculate（計算）thekillingpower（殺傷力）

ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通過估計他們持續(xù)多長時間。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通過數(shù)死去的恐龍的的數(shù)量

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通過研究熔巖的化學構(gòu)成。

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.通過

比較火山釋放出的熔巖的體積與殺死生命的比例。

分析：毫無疑問這是細節(jié)題，核心詞就是人名：WignalL

PaulWignall（核心詞出現(xiàn)了，接下來的內(nèi)容請大家注意了?。。。ゝromtheUniversityof

Leedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notall

volcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsover

thepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,

theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagetheyseemedtodo.

He弋指Wignall）calculatedthe“killingefficiency（功效）forthesevolcanoesby

comparing（比較）theproportion（比例）oflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava

（熔巖）thattheyproduced.（答案出處?。〩efoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswere

atleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?恐龍什么時候滅絕的？

A）300millionyearsago.B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.D）65millionyearsago

分析：這是標準的細節(jié)題，核心詞：dinosaursbecomeextincto而且這題的特點就是

數(shù)字，所以在接下來的段落中大家要用筆標出所見到的數(shù)字加以判斷！

ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago（答案B,但

和dinosaursbecomeextinct沒有關(guān)系，不是答案!）,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrock

inSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesare

thoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobal

warmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook

5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60millionyearsago（答案C,但和dinosaurs

becomeextinct沒有關(guān)系，不是答案?。?，therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanic

activityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbut

thingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears."Themostrecentoneshardly

haveaneffectatall/Wignallsays.Heignoredtheextinction（該詞是extinct的同根詞,

所以含義應(yīng)是一樣的?。﹚hichwipedoutthedinosaurs（核心詞露面了?。?5million

yearsago（這是答案D,所以這就是我們所要找的?。。。琤ecausemanyscientistsbelieve

itwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshad

morekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwith

increasedlevelsofCO2.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerning（關(guān)于、涉及至U）dinosaurs?

A）Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid（小行星）.

B）Theydiedof（死于）drastic（急劇的）climatechange.

C）Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D）Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversial（有爭議的）issue.

分析：題目就告訴我們這是一道推斷題，是第三段。這是一道比較難的題目。需要

大家要讀懂句子，還要有推理能力：

相關(guān)的句子：“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,"Wignallsays.Heignored

（忽略、忽視）theextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,

becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.He

thinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswere

betteradaptedto（更好的適應(yīng)）dealingwithincreasedlevelsofC02.

主要句子是說：Wignall忽略了6千5百萬年前恐龍的滅絕是否跟火山爆發(fā)有關(guān)，而

其他很多科學家都認為恐龍的滅絕是受一顆小行星的影響。這就可以說明科學家們

關(guān)于恐龍滅絕的原因是由爭議的，因此選擇D。

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?（文章的主要論點是什么？）

A）Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B）Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C）Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D）Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

分析：通過題目分析這是一道主旨題。相當于在文章里尋找中心句。其實文章第一

段就是中心：Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywere

bigger,butbecauset