【高二 拓展閱讀-文化】Culture shock

CultureshockPsychologiststellusthattherearefourbasicstagesthathumanbeingspassthroughwhentheyenterandliveinanewculture.Thisprocess,whichhelpsustodealwithcultureshock,isthewayourbrainandourpersonalityreactstothestrangenewthingsweencounterwhenwemovefromoneculturetoanother.Cultureshockbeginswiththe“honeymoon(蜜月)stage”.Thisistheperiodoftimewhenwefirstarriveinwhicheverythingaboutthenewcultureisstrangeandexciting.Wemaybesufferingfrom“jetlag”butwearethrilledtobeinthenewenvironment,seeingnewsightshearingnewsoundsandlanguage,eatingnewkindsoffood.Thishoneymoonstagecanlastforquitealongtimebecausewefeelweareinvolvedinsomekindofgreatadventure.Unfortunately,thesecondstageofcultureshockcanbemoredifficult.Afterwehavesettleddownintoournewlife,wecanbecomeverytiredandbegintomissourhomelandandourfamily,girlfriend/boyfriend,pets.Allthelittleproblemsthateverybodyinlifehasseemtobemuchbiggerandmoredisturbingwhenyoufacetheminaforeignculture.Thisperiodofculturaladjustmentcanbeverydifficultandleadtothenewarrivalrejectingorpullingawayfromthenewculture.This“rejectionstage”canbequitedangerousbecausethevisitormaydevelopunhealthyhabits.Thisstageisconsideredacrisisintheprocessofculturaladjustmentandmanypeoplechoosetogobacktotheirhomelandorspendalltheirtimewithpeoplefromtheirownculturespeakingtheirnativelanguage.Thethirdstageofcultureshockiscalledthe“adjustmentstage”.Thisiswhenyoubegintorealisethatthingsarenotsobadinthehostculture.Yoursenseofhumourusuallybecomesstrongerandyourealisethatyouarebecomingstrongerbylearningtotakecareofyourselfinthenewplace.Thingsarestilldifficult,butyouarenowasurvivor.Thefourthstagecanbecalled“ateaseatlast”.Nowyoufeelquitecomfortableinyournewsurroundings.Youcancopewithmostproblemsthatoccur.Youmaystillhaveproblemswiththelanguage,butyouknowyouarestrongenoughtodealwiththem.Thereisafifthstageofcultureshockwhichmanypeopledon’tknowabout.Thisiscalled“reversecultureshock”.Surprisingly,thisoccurswhenyougobacktoyournativecultureandfindthatyouhavechangedandthatthingstherehavechangedwhileyouhavebeenaway.Nowyoufeelalittleuncomfortablebackhome.Lifeisastruggle!ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Whendoescultureshockhappen?A.Whenyouareinastrangeenvironment.B.Whenyoumovetoanewhouse.C.Whenyoumakefriendswithforeignpeople.D.Whenyougotoliveinaforeignculture.2.Howwillyouprobablyfeelduringthefirststageofcultureshock?A.Lonely.B.Homesick.C.Happyandexcited.D.Angry.3.What’sthenameofthesecondstageofcultureshock?A.Rejectionstage.B.Ateaseatlast.C,Adjustmentstage.D.Honeymoonstage.4.Whatusuallyhappensinthethirdstageofcultureshock?A.Thingsgetworseinthehostculture.B.Youloseyoursenseofhumour.C.Youlearntotakecareofyourself.D.Youfindithardtosurvive.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutreversecultureshockfromthearticle?A.Ithardlyeverhappens.B.Itisextremelystressful.C.Mostpeopledonotexpectit.D.Itonlyhappenstoyoungpeople.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞psychologistn.心理學(xué)家記詞根記憶：psycho（心理）+logist（…學(xué)家）→心理學(xué)家stage n.階段；時期；舞臺英apartofanactivityoraperiodofdevelopment搭earlystages早期atonestage有一段時間（go）onthestage當(dāng)演 員shock n.沖擊；休克；打擊；震驚，驚駭v.（使）震驚；震動搭inshock處于休克中react vi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)；（化學(xué)）反應(yīng)英toactinaparticularwayasadirectresultofsthelse記詞根記憶：re（相反）+act（行動）→產(chǎn)生相反的行動→反抗suffer v.遺受（痛苦）；忍受；經(jīng)歷記詞根記憶：suf（在下面）+fer（拿）→在最下面拿東西→受苦例Thetownsufferedalotofdamagefromthestorm.風(fēng)暴給城鎮(zhèn)帶來了巨大的損失。jet n.噴氣式飛機(jī)；噴氣式；噴射流搭jetlag時差反應(yīng)ajetaircraft-架噴氣式飛機(jī)ajetofwater一股水柱thrilled adj.激動的，興奮的英extremelypleasedadventure n.奇遇；冒險，冒險的經(jīng)歷記詞根記憶：ad（表加強(qiáng)）+vent（來）+ure（表行為）→大家一起來“冒險”→冒險disturbing adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的；引起恐慌的記發(fā)音記憶：“弟是特兵”→弟弟是特種兵，總是沖在最前線→令人不安的搭adisturbingproblem一個令人不安的問題adjustment n.適應(yīng)；調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)英achangeinthewayapersonbehavesorthinks記詞根記憶：ad（表加強(qiáng)）+just正確）+ment（表名詞）→使正確→調(diào)整humourn.幽默；滑稽搭dryhumour冷幽默comfortableadj.舒適的英makingyoufeelphysicallyrelaxed；pleasanttowear，siton，etc.Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞personality n.個性；性格；名人記來自personal（adj.個人的）搭dominantpersonalities霸道的性格personalitycult個人崇拜encounter v.碰到；遭遇英tomeetsthunpleasantordifficult記聯(lián)想記憶：en（使…）+counter（相反的）→從兩個相反的方向來→碰到例Abstractartencounteredmuchoppositioninitsearlyyears.抽象藝術(shù)在早期遭到了很多反對。搭encounteranumberofdifficulties遭遇一系列困難lag n.（時間上的）間隔；滯后v.走得慢；落后英aparticularperiodoftimebetweentwoevents搭timelag時滯，時間間隔reject vt.拒絕，抵制；拋棄，擯棄，丟棄；拒收，不錄用；排斥記詞根記憶：re（反）+ject(扔）→被扔回來→拒絕例Itreflectspoetictechniquesthatwererejectedbymodernpoets.它反映了遭到現(xiàn)代詩人摒棄的詩歌技巧。crisis n.危機(jī)；緊要關(guān)頭，關(guān)鍵階段記聯(lián)想記憶：cri(看作cry，哭）+sis（看作sos，求救信號）→哭喊著求救→危機(jī)搭financialcrisis金融危機(jī)watercrisis水資源危機(jī)nativeadj.當(dāng)?shù)兀ㄈ耍┑?；出生地的n.本地人，本國人搭nativetongue/language母語surv