高考英語一輪單元復(fù)習(xí) 限時(shí)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練四

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．At________goodnews，shefeltconfusedfor________moment，andthenbegantoburstintolaughter.A．the；the B．the；a C．a(chǎn)；the D．a(chǎn)；a答案B[第一空是特指，所以填the；第二空foramoment意為“一會(huì)兒”。]2．Manyyearslater，thefatherreturnedformthearmyandfoundthathisdaughterwasnolonger________sheusedtobe.A．what B．how C．when D．whom答案A[what引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作表語(即表語從句)，what又在表語從句中作表語。]3．Thetwobirds________eachotherinshapeandcolor，inotherwords，they________eachotherinshapeandcolor.A．differ；aredifferentfromB．differfrom；aredifferentwithC．resemble；aresimilartoD．resemble；aresimilarwith答案C[正確的“不同”與“相似”的表達(dá)分別是：AdiffersfromB或AisdifferentfromB和AissimilartoB。]4．Withachicken________onthefire，Ican'tleaveevenforaminute.A．toasting B．toastedC．tobetoasted D．beingtoasted答案D[用v.-ing形式的被動(dòng)式作賓補(bǔ)，表示賓語achicken正在火上被燒烤。]5．Ican'ttoleratebeingmadefunof，________nevertocomeagain.A．determined B．beingdeterminedC．determine D．todetermine答案A[形容詞determined在此處作狀語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。]6．Theshepherdhadtoroundupthesheep________firstnightfell.A．until B．before C．a(chǎn)fter D．till答案B[before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，符合題意。]7．Mydaughterdidverywellinthemid-termexam，________firstonthelistofallthestudents.A．getting B．ranking C．torank D．toget答案B[rankingfirst...是分詞短語作狀語。]8．________onthesmallisland，thetowerhasbeenseriouslydamagedbytheseawater.A．Beinglain B．LainC．Beinglocated D．Located答案D[表“位于”可用locate的過去分詞located。動(dòng)詞lie表示“位于”為不及物動(dòng)詞，無被動(dòng)式。]9．Everypaintingshe______tohercountry，whichwasherwill.A．hadbeencontributed B．hadtobecontributedC．hadcontribute D．hadwascontributed答案D[此題的主干是Everypaintingwascontributedtohercountry，whichwasherwill.其中shehad是定語從句修飾先行詞everypainting。]10．Hundredsofsmallislandsspreadoutonthevastsea________thefamouscoast.A．on B．over C．a(chǎn)round D．off答案D[offthecoast意為“在海面上”。]11．Canadahasalmost________asChina，butitdoesn'thave________asthatofChina.A．thesamesize；soalargepopulation B．thesamesize；solargeapopulationC．a(chǎn)s；asalargepopulation D．solarge；aslargepopulation答案B[同級(jí)比較要用“as/so＋adj./adv.＋as”或“as/so＋adj.＋a＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋as”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中so一般只用于否定句中。]12．TodayinAustralia，therearethousandsofcreatures，________areendangeredbyhumanbeings.A．manyofthem B．mostwhomC．themajorityofwhich D．whosemany答案C[先行詞為事物，故選C。]13．Nowadaysmanyyounggirlsarelosingweight，sotheyeat________food.A．a(chǎn)few B．a(chǎn)littleof C．a(chǎn)bit D．a(chǎn)bitof答案D[“一點(diǎn)食物”可譯為：abitoffood或alittlefood。]14．Don'tforgettobringtheboxtoLily，________？A．a(chǎn)reyou B．willyou C．doyou D．shallwe答案B[祈使句的反意疑問句一般用willyou。]15．Jacklikesswimming，buthedoesn'tenjoyskating.________.A．SodoI B．ItissowithmeC．NeitherdoI D．Soitiswithme答案D[前面部分的兩個(gè)謂語，一個(gè)是肯定，一個(gè)是否定，一般不用A、C，可用Soitiswith...或Itisthesamewith...。]Ⅱ.閱讀理解ASixastronautsareabouttoexperiencewhatit'sliketotraveltoMarsandback，onlywithoutactuallyleavingEarth.ThreeRussianastronautswilljointhreecolleaguesfromothercountriesastheyarelockeduptogetherforayearandahalfonasimulated(模仿的)missiontoMars.ThemissioniscalledMars-500.TheMars-500missionatMoscow'sInstituteofBiomedicalProblemswilltestthepsychologicalandphysicaleffectsoflong-termisolationonhumans.Thegroup'sleader，engineerSytev，looksatthethree-square-meterplacethatwillbehispersonalhabitation.“Thisphonewillworkforonly11days.WhenweareneartheEarth，itwillbeswitchedoff，”saidSytev.Sytevisanewly-wed.Hesaysthemostdifficultthingwillbetobeseparatedfromhiswifeandthepersonsaroundhim.Hefindsitdifficulttoleavesomeofhishabitsbehind—alltheiractivitieswillbedirectedtowardsacertaingoalandthathewon'tseesunsets，sunrises，won'tfeelrainfor18months.After250days，threeoftheastronautswillsimulatelandingonMars.Theotherthreewillwaitforthem—inthemockspacecraft—foramonth.AllcommunicationwithEarthwillbeviae-mailandwillhaveasmuchasa40-minutedelay，likeonarealMarsmission.Suvorovisaphysician.Heandotherscientistswillmonitortheastronauts.“Thisexperimentisuniquebecausethesixpersonswillbeisolatedforalongperiodoftime，”notedSuvorov.“TheywillhavetomakedecisionsontheirownandonlythenreporttotheEarth，andtheEarthwilltellthemwhethertheydidtherightthingornot.”HesaystheexperimentwillpavethewayforarealMarsjourneylaterthiscentury.“Wearegoingtodeterminehowmuchfoodandotherproductsofdailyuseareneeded，andhowpeopleofdifferentcultures，ofdifferenttrainingcanfindcommonlanguageandworkonperformingtheirtasks，”addedSuvorov.Mars-500isthethirdinaseriesofflightsimulations.Theearlieroneswereshorter.ThecurrentexperimentissettoendinNovember2011.【語篇解讀】遠(yuǎn)征火星，這個(gè)夢(mèng)離現(xiàn)實(shí)并不遠(yuǎn)。Mars-500計(jì)劃最近招募了6名國際宇航員進(jìn)行為時(shí)一年半的模擬訓(xùn)練。1．Theunderlinedword“mock”inParagraph4means________.A．simulated B．a(chǎn)dvancedC．small D．comfortable答案A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容可知，這是一次仿真模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)，這艘宇宙飛船也是仿真的，故選A。]2．WhatdowelearnabouttheMars-500missionaccordingtothetext?A．ThebaseislocatedinNewYork，America.B．Itisasimulationprogramdesignedforthefuturespaceexpedition.C．Allastronautswillspend18monthsinthespacecraft.D．Astronautscan'tuseanymobilephoneduringtheexperiment.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段和最后一段可知，Mars-500是一次長達(dá)1年半的模擬訓(xùn)練。]3．WhatisthemostdifficultthingthatSytevwillfaceduringtheirtraining?A．Standingtheisolationandloneliness.B．Thereexistinga40-minutedelay.C．Lackingfoodandotherproducts.D．BeingmonitoredbySuvorovandotherscientists.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段可知A項(xiàng)正確。]4．WecanlearnfromSuvorov'swordsthat________.A．it'shardfortheastronautstoperformtheirtaskstogetherB．moreexperimentswillbecarriedoutforarealjourneyC．theastronautsshouldlearntomakedecisionsontheirownD．differentculturesoftheastronautsdon'tmatteranymore答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第五段可知答案為C。]BTodaywetellyouaboutsomenewunderstandingofwhycuttingthemainbranchofaplantortreecanleadtobetterdevelopment.Thefindingsarefromresearchersontwo_continents.ProfessorPrezemyslawPrusinkiewiczoftheUniversityofCalgaryinCanadaledtheresearchwithscientistsfromBritainandSweden.TheirstudyappearsintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Researchershaveknownsincethe1930sthattheactivelygrowingtipofaplantproducesahormone(荷爾蒙)calledauxin(生長素)．Thishormoneflowsdownthemainstem.Scientistssaytheauxinhasanindirecteffectonbuds(芽)onthesideofthestemtopreventbranching.Thesebudsthemselvesalsoproduceauxin.Theresearchsuggeststhattogrow，theyhavetobeabletoexportthehormoneintothemainstem.Buttheflowfromthestemtippreventsthemfromdoingthis.Theresearcherswantedtofindouthowthisblockinghappens.ProfessorPrusinkiewiczisonleaveinAustralia，buthesentusane-mailsuggestingasimplewaytounderstandtheprocess.Thinkofamajorroadcrowdedwithtraffic.Somanycarsareonthemainroadthatthecarsonthesideroadscannotenter.Thestemislikethecrowdedmainroad.Thenewresearchshowsthatthebudsonthesidecannotexporttheirauxinintothemainstembecauseitistoofull.Butifthatmainshootispruned(修剪)，otherbudsbelowitcanstartexporting.Theyarenolongerpreventedfromgrowing.OttolineLeyserfromtheUniversityofYorksaysthatafteraplantispruned，alltheinhibited(被抑制的)shoottipscompetewitheachothertogrow.Indoingthis，thebranchesinfluenceeachother'sgrowth.Nearbyshoottipsaremorelikelytoaffecteachotherthanthosethatarefarapartfromeachother.ProfessorLeysersaysthestrongestbranchesgrowbest，wherevertheymaybeontheplant.Thestudyfoundthatthemainshootgrowsthebestofallnotbecauseofitspositionatthetopoftheplant，butmostlybecauseitgottherefirst.【語篇解讀】本文講述了關(guān)于降低植物頂端優(yōu)勢，修剪樹木主干的新的理解。5．Theunderlinedpart“twocontinents”inParagraph2refersto“________”．A．AsiaandAfrica B．AfricaandEuropeC．NorthAmericaandEurope D．AustraliaandEurope答案C[細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段提及的科學(xué)家的國籍可推測出，Canada屬于北美，而BritainandSweden屬于歐洲。]6．ProfessorPrusinkiewiczcompares