外文翻譯-基于單片機的油浸式變壓器溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計

中文3925字畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文參考資料及譯文譯文題目：基于單片機的油浸式變壓器溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計學生姓名：學號：專業(yè)：通信工程所在學院：指導教師：職稱：2010年12月28日DesignofTemperatureMonitoringSystemforOil-immersedPowerRansformersBasedonMCUSuxiangQianHongshengHuDepartmentofMechanicalandElectrical,UniversityofZhejiangProvinceE-mail:jjqsx@126.comAbstract:¨CWiththeexpansionofelectriccapacityandlarge-scaleextensionofpowergrid,electricequipmentisplayingasignificantroleinmodernlife.Atpresent,thetechnologyofconditionmonitoringandfaultdiagnosingofpowertransformerhasbeenmadesomeimprovement,yetitsreal-timeperformanceandreliabilitystillcan'tmeettherequirementofsafeproduction.Duetodifferentthermaleffectsledbythenaturalorfactitiousfault,itstemperatureofoil-immersedpowertransformersiseasytochangeabnormally.Anon-linemeasuringandcontrollingsystembasedonMCUisdiscussedinthispaper.Inordertosatisfytherequirementofstatemonitoringandfaultdiagnosisofpowertransformeronreal-timeandreliability,akindofintelligenton-linemonitoringinstrumentisdesigned.Eachofitspartisexplainedinthispaper,includingtemperaturesignalcollectinganddataprocessingsystem.Thesimulationresultshowedthedesignedsystemwasgoodinitsreal-time,reliabilityandrunningcost.Therefore,thedesignedstatemonitoringsystemfortemperatureandfaultdiagnosisofpowertransformercanbewidelyusedinengineeringandisexpectedtobringabrightfuture.Keywords¨COil-immersedPowerTransformer,Temperature,Dataprocessing,MCUI.INTRODUCTIONsituation.Thereareseveralmethodstomeasurethehotspottemperature.AsimplemethodisthattheWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofeconomy,thetemperaturesensorcanbeusedtoconverttemperaturepowerindustryinourcountryhasenteredintoanewsignalintotheelectricsignalandthenthesamplingdatastageofdevelopment.Powertransformerhasbeenoneofcanbecollectedbytheinstrument.Inthispaper,athemostimportantequipmentsinelectricpowersystem.real-timetemperaturemonitoringsystemforAnditssafetyrunningplaysagreatimportantroleinoil-immersedpowertransformersisdesigned.Theordertoensuretheelectricpowersystem'sreliability.Atdesignedmonitoringsystemcaneffectivelymonitorpresent,theoilgasvalueandthesignaloflocaldischargesomekeyarea'stemperaturevariation:suchastheboxareoftenselectedasthemonitoringobjectsinthebody,thetransformerwinding,theironcore,andsoon,monitoringsystemofpowertransformer.Theanditplaysasignificantroleinsupervisorycontroltothecharacteristicgasesdissolvedinoilcanbemonitoredinoperationsituationoftransformers.realtime,whichcanhelpmonitoringpowertransformer'srunningstation.But,itcannotsatisfyinspection'srequirementofpowertransformer.Besides,thesignaloflocaldischargecanbeusedtojudgesomeA.Overallplanofthedevelopedsystemfault'slocation,yetitsreal-timeperformanceisweak.Basedonthetemperaturefieldinformationofpowertransformers,thisresearchsupportedbyNSFCexploresanewconditionmonitoringandfaultdiagnosiswayforit.Anon-linetemperaturemonitoringsystemofoil-immersedpowertransformersbasedonMCUisdesignedinthispaper.Itsvariationoftemperatureinpowertransformeroftenkeepsafixedorderlinesswhenitisrunningnormally.Inmostsituations,itsvariationoftemperatureinpowertransformerhasacloserelationshipwithdifferentfaulttypes.Theinteriorfaultpatternsofoil-immersedtransformerarereferringtomechanism,heatingandelectricity,andmainlythelattertwo.Themachinerymalfunctionoftenispresentedintheformofthermalorelectricity.Accordingtotheinvestigationresultpresentedinthetable1,themalfunctionwaysfortherunningoil-immersedtransformersincludemainlytheoverheatingmalfunctionanddischargingmalfunctionofhighenergy.Thetemperaturerisingwilloccurinsomelocationswhenoverheatmalfunctionorhighenergydischargingmalfunctionoccurs.Furthermore,anobviouemperaturerisingwilloccurforsomepowertransformersbeforethemalfunctionareformed.Onconditionthatthereal-timemonitoringtothecorrectareascanberealized,apreventivemaintenancewouldalterthepresentmaintenanceandinspectionmode,andbeabletoreducetheMaintenanceCost.Therefore,itisveryimportanttokeepthepowertransformersinthebestsituation.Thereareseveralmethodstomeasurethehotspottemperature.Asimplemethodisthatthetemperaturesensorcanbeusedtoconverttemperaturesignalintotheelectricsignalandthenthesamplingdatacanbecollectedbytheinstrument.Inthispaper,areal-timetemperaturemonitoringsystemforoil-immersedpowertransformersisdesigned.Thedesignedmonitoringsystemcaneffectivelymonitorsomekeyarea'stemperaturevariation:suchastheboxbody,thetransformerwinding,theironcore,andsoonanditplaysasignificantroleinsupervisorycontroltotheoperationsituationoftransformers.II.HARDWAREDESIGNA.OverallplanofthedevelopedsystemItsfunctionofthedesignedhardwaremainlyincludestwoparts:datacollectingandtransferringBesides,thecontrollingcircuitcanbefurtherexpandedinordertocontrolsomeprotectorsbyusingtherelayswitch.Thedesignedprinciplesareexplainedasfollows:themonitoredphysicalquantitiesmustbefirstlysampledbythetemperaturesensor(PT100,electricthermo-couple,opticalfibersensoretc)andconvertedintothevoltagesignal,thenthesampledvoltagesignalscanbeadjustedbyregulativesignalcircuittothestandardsignal'srange,andareconvertedintodigitalsignal,aftergenerallinetransmissiontoMCUforstorageandprocessing,simulation/digitalconvertingratecanbecontrolledbyMCU.ThetakeoverdataqueenmayexisttemporarilyintheextendedRAM,ortransfertothecomputerbyUSB.Atthesametime,MCUconnectkeyboardandLCDforthepurposeofman-machineexchange[2].ThesystematicblockdiagramofhardwaresystemisshowedinFig.1.1)ChipsSelection:A/Dmoduleselection--MAX125Inordertoavoidadditionalphasedifferenceintheprocessofthedatacollecting,thesynchronismcollectingtechnologymustbeguaranteedfordifferentsignals.AsynchronizedatasamplingchipMAX125theMAXIMcompanyproducesisselectedandusedinthedesignedcircuit.MAX125is2?á4channel,high-speedand14digitdatacollectchip[3].USBinterfaceschipchoose--PDIUSBD12PDIUSBD12hereinafterreferredto"D12",supportingmultiplexing,non-multiplexingandDMAtransfer,isonekindofparallelinterfacechipdesignedbyPhilipscompany.ItfullyconformstotheUSBspecificationRev.1.1(basicspeed).Itisalsodesignedtobecompliantwithdifferenttypesoftransmission.ThedatacollectingpartsblockdiagramsofhardwaresystemseeFig.2.Fig.2CireuitblockdiagramofdataacquisitionFig.1BlockDiagramofhardwarecircuitsystemFig.2CireuitblockdiagramofdataacquisitionFig.1BlockDiagramofhardwarecircuitsystemFig.4ResistingalissingfilterFig.3SchematicdiagramofisclationampliicationcireuitFig.4ResistingalissingfilterFig.3SchematicdiagramofisclationampliicationcireuitB.DesignoftheSignalConditioningCircuitTheSignalConditioningCircuitiscomposedofsensor,signalamplificationandattenuationcircuit,isolationcircuit,wavefilteringcircuit,sampleholdingcircuit,etc.DuetoMAX125ADchipwithmultiplexerandSample-HoldCircuititself,SignalConditioningCircuitismadeupwiththermocouple,isolatingamplifiercircuitandanti-aliasingfilter.ThethermocoupleproducedbyAnhuiTiankangincorporatedcompany,ModelfortheWRC,IndexingforT,isaspecialoneforpowerstationapplication.Itsoutputtingvoltagerangeis?à5Vanditsmeasuringtemprangesfrom50to200.TheAD204isageneral-purposeusedindustrystandardisolationamplifier,withtwo-port,transformer-coupledisolation.Besides,itcanofferacompletelyisolationfunction,includingsignalandpowerisolation,yetitspackageiseasilycompated.Figure3isitsprincipleofthedesignedisolatedenlargecircuit.Intheactualrunningscene,thecircuitmustdrawnearthesignalsourceinordertoavoidthesignalaffectedbyambientnoiseandenhancethesignal-to-noiseratio.Wavefilteringcircuitadoptresistaliasingfilter,thecircuitdesignedisshowsasFigure4.Duetotheconditionalityofchoosingcapacitance,thenumericalvalueofcapacitanceistakenintoaccountfirstly.ThefilterdesigningsoftwareFilterLabofMicrochipcorp[6]isusedinthispaper.Usingthesoftware,thescopefrequencyresponseandphasefrequencyresponsecanbeexpedientlyfound,andthedesignparametercanbeeasilyadjusted.C.DesignofdatacollectingInordertoconstructan8-channel-synchronismA/Dconvert,therearetwopiecesofMAX125inthedesigneddatacollectingcircuit.Thelow8outputdigitalfromMAX125throughAD0~AD7arerespectivelyjoinedwithP0.0~P0.7ofW77E58.AndhighsixfiguresamountA8~A13isrespectivelylinkedwithP2.0~P2.5ofW77E58.ALEpinofW77E58holdsCLKofMAX125,andP3.3pin,P3.6pinandP3.7pinperformacontrolfunctiononMAX125component.Fig.6USBinterfacescireuitFig.5MCUcontrolcireuitFig.6USBinterfacescireuitFig.5MCUcontrolcireuitDesignofMCUcontrolcircuitThecontrolsystembasedonMCUisshownasFig.6.BecausetheUSBagreementframeiscomparativelybig,W77E58chipwith32KBFlashEPROMisselectedasMCU.W77E58isthatoneis8bit,especiallyspeedyandmuchbetterperformanceCPU.What'smore,itisabletopayavisittolowspeedorfleetnessoutsideRAM.Comparedwithotherprocessingchipssuchas8052processor,W77E58canworkwithhigherspeedevenifunderthesameclockfrequencyandworkunderlowclockfrequency.ItspowersourceconsumptionisgreatlyreducedunderthesameinstructionhandlingcapacitysincetheentirestaticstateCMOSdesignisadopted.TherearefourI/Oportswith8bitandanadditional4I/OportinW77E58.ThesecharacteristicsW77E58possesscanmakeitworkbetter,suchasdirectlytransferringdatawithMAX125usingdifferentspeed,deliveringdatabetweenthecomputerandMCUbasedonUSBusinghighspeed,etc.AnditisveryusefultoexpandtheoutsidememoryforsystemusingotherI/Oports.TherearetwoconnectiontypesbetweenW77E58andD12,includingindependentaddressdatabusmodeandmultiplexaddressdatabusmode.TheanaloguesignalcanbeconvertedintodigitalsignalbyA/Dsamplingcircuit,andthentheconverteddigitalsignalbetransferredtoPCbyUSBinterfacetransference.E.USBinterfacecircuitdesigtUSBinterfacecircuitisshownasFig.5.WhentheperipheralequipmentsareconnectedwithconcentratorbyD12,concentratorcanchecktheconnectionstateofperipheralequipmentandreportittothehostcomputer.Oncetheequipmentconnectioninformationisfound,thehostcomputerisaskedtosendaseriesofrequesttoconcentrator,andthenacommunicatingchannelbetweenhostcomputerandequipmentwouldbeestablishedbyconcentrator.Further,thehostcomputerbeginstolistequipments,andsetsuptheperipheralequipmentsaftertheyaresuccessfullylistedandthecorrelativeallocationinformationisacquiredbythehostcomputer.Theperipheralequipmentrecognizedbyhostcomputercanbearrangedtocommunicatewithit.III.SOFTWAREDESIGNA.DatacollectingprogrammingAccordingtothecontrollingtimesequenceofMAX125,theflowofdatacollectingtaskisshownasFig.7.B.USBdrivedesign1)Firmwareprogramming:TherearegenerallythreepartsbetweenUSBandMCUfirmware:(a)InitializeMCUandallperipherycircuit(includePDIUSBD12);(b)Maincyclepart:thispartistobeinterrupted;(c)Interruptserviceroutine,cancarryoutimmediately.ThecommunicationbetweenMCUandPDIUSBD12ismainlyreferencedtosendordersanddatatoPDIUSBD12byMCU.TherearethreekindsofordercharactersforPDIUSBD12,includingtheinitializationordercharacter,thedatastreamordercharacterandtheuniversalordercharacter.PDIUSBD12hasshownthevariousimperativecodeandaddress.TheMCUfirstlysendsordersintotheorderaddressofPDIUSBD12,resendorreaddifferentdataaccordingtodifferentimperativecall.Therefore,itisconveniencetoconvertperkindorderintofunctionandusefunctiontofinisheachorderbydirectlycallingthesefunctions.2)Driveprogramming:Although,therearemanystandardinterfacefunctionsprovidedinthesystem,driverprogrammingisstilloneofthemostdifficulttasksforUSBexploitation.WindowsDDKisoftenadoptedtorealizedriveprogramming.Atpresent,thirdpartysoftwarefirmshaveprovidedalotofgeneratingtoolsfordriveprogramming,suchasdriverworksofCompuware,DriverWizardwaitsofBlueWaters.ThesetoolsareabletoproduceahighqualityUSBdrivingprogramwithinseveralminutes.WhencheckingUSBequipment,UsbViewprogramcanbeusedtodetectequipmentwhetherornottobeenumeratedandallocatedbyWindows.Ifsuccessful,thedevicedescription,allocationdescriptionandendpointdescriptionmaybecheckwhetherornotcorrectly.Andagenerally-purposeprogramcanbemadebyDriverWizard.OnceWindowsarealsoexploitedanddebuggedwiththedebuggingUSBdevicesendscluestoinstallthedrivingprogram,thedrivingprogramproducedbyDriverWizardwouldbeselected.Infact,itisonlyanapplicationprogramproducedbyDriverWizardforWindowscontrollingtable.ItisabletocalltheuniversalUSBdriveprograminstalledinsystemwhenassemblingDriverWizardforaspecifictask.Itsworkingconditionofdevices,includingtransferringdatawhetherornotcorrectlyandcontrollingthetransmissionspeed,canbemeasuredbythedriveprogram.Ifitcannotmeettheapplicationdemands,anewdriveprogramcanbewritedown.Besides,thesoftwareforhostcomputer.IV.APPLICATIONRESEARCHOFTEMPERATUREMONITORINGSYSTEMFORPOWERTRANSFORMERSBecauseofthelimitoftestingcondition,thedesignedtemperaturemonitoringsystemfortransformershasnowaytobecheckedundernormalworkingconditionsfortransformer.Yet,asuitoftemperaturerisingsimulationexperimentplatformfortransformerisdesignedanddevelopedforthisresearchpurpose.Intheexperiment,transformeroilisstoriedintheinneroftheactualtransformerboxbody,aheaterwasusedtosimulatewinding'stemperaturerisingvariation,andelectricthermo-coupleisusedtomeasurewinding'stemperaturerisingvalue.Besides,PT100measuresdifferentlocation'stemperaturerisingvalue,theinfraredthermometermeasuresthetemperaturerisingofboxbody,andthemercurialthermometermeasuresthetopoiltemperature.Theoutputwiresofsensorareconnectedwiththemonitoringsystem,andthedatacanbeshownonPCscreenintherealtime.ThelineconnectionandtheexperimentresultarerespectivelyshowedasFig.8andFig.9.Intheexperiment,thethermometer,infraredthermometer,electricthermo-coupleandthermalresistancearealladopted,comparedandverified.Forexample,athermometerwasmadeuseoftotestthetopoiltemperature,andelectricthermo-coupleforthewindingtemperaturerising,andthermalresistanceandinfraredradiationthermometerfortheoiltemperatureatdifferentlocations.ItcanbeseenfromFig.8andFig.9thatthehighesttemperatureisalwaysonthe"winding",thetemperatureofmildtransformeroilandboxbodyreflectsgradchangeandhasastep-by-steprise,andthetemperaturechangeoftransformerbottomoiliscomparativelyslow.TheexperimentresultisbasicallyagreedwiththesimulationcalculationvalueinANSYS.Accordingtotheexperimentalresults,therearesomecharactersforthedesignedtemperaturemonitoringsystemofpowertransformers:(a)Real-timeacquisition,realtimetransferringbyUSBbus.ItcanalsotransferthedatatoPCbyUSBafterdatacollecting;(b)ThereareakeyboardtocontrolitsworkingandLCDtodisplaydata.Besides,itcanworkundertheconditionofisolatedfromthePC;(c)Theparallelcollectingmodecanbesetandadoptedrandomlyfor1~8channel;(d)Increasingthedifferentcircuitstoprovidethevariousinterfaceslinkingforthevariousdifferenttypeofsensor.(e.g.PT100,electricthermo-couple,theopticalfibertemperaturesensorandsoon);(e)Measuringrange:-50~+200;(f)Workinginoilforalongperiodoftime.V.CONCLUSIONSInthispaper,itsmechanismofthetemperaturemonitoringtechnologyfortransformersisintroducedfirstly.Classificationandanalysisofdifferenttypesofmalfunctionfortransformersisprocessed.Thehardwarecircuitofmonitoringsystemhasbeenexplored,includingregulativesignalcircuit,wavefilteringcircuit,datacollectingcircuit,MCUcontrollingcircuit,USBinterfacecircuit,etc.Besides,thesoftwareflowofdatacollectingandtheUSBdriverprogramarealsoexploited.Thedesignedmonitoringsystemhasbeenappliedintothetemperaturerisingsimulationexperimentforpowertransformers.AndtheexperimentresultisbasicallyagreedwiththenumericalsimulationresultsusingANSYSsoftware.ACKNOWLEDGMENTTheresearchworkissupportedbyth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基于單片機的油浸式變壓器溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計錢蘇香，胡宏升（中國，大學浙江省嘉興市，機電系）電子郵箱：jjqsx@126.com摘要-針對變壓器檢測系統(tǒng)在實時性，可靠性方面的要求以及油浸式變壓器發(fā)生故障時會產(chǎn)生不同的熱效應，從而產(chǎn)生相應位置的異常溫升的問題，討論了基于嵌入式技術(shù)的大型變壓器溫度檢測和故障診斷系統(tǒng)，詳細的介紹了基于單片機控制的油浸式變壓器溫度采集電路的硬件電路設(shè)計。實踐結(jié)果證明，該系統(tǒng)具有實時性強，可靠性高，運行成本低等優(yōu)點。對大型油浸式變壓器運行狀態(tài)的實時溫度檢測和故障診斷而言，具有較廣闊的應用前景。關(guān)鍵詞-油浸式電力變壓器，溫度，數(shù)據(jù)處理，單片機一導言隨著經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展，電力行業(yè)在我們國家已經(jīng)進入了一個新的發(fā)展階段。大型變壓器在輸變電系統(tǒng)中的作用極其重要。其長期，安全，可靠，高效運行的重要性不言而喻。在目前，石油天然氣價值和局部放電信號通常選擇作為電力變壓器監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測對象。運用油中溶解氣體的特性，可監(jiān)測實時性，它可以幫助監(jiān)察權(quán)變壓器的運行站。但是，它不能滿足檢查電力變壓器的要求。此外，局部放電信號，可以用來判斷一些斷層的位置，但它的實時性較弱。基于溫度場信息電力變壓器，本研究由國家自然科學基金支持并探索了一種新的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測和故障診斷方式。一個在線溫度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)基于單片機的油浸式電力變壓器設(shè)計誕生了。電力變壓器溫度變化經(jīng)常保持在一個固定的秩序使它運行正常。在大多數(shù)情況下，其電力變壓器溫度變化有不同的故障類型。這些模式的石油內(nèi)部故障油浸式變壓器指的是機熱，加熱和電力，主要是后兩種。機械故障往往呈現(xiàn)為熱電力形式。根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果列于圖1，該油浸式變壓器運行的故障主要包括過熱故障和放電高能量的故障。溫度升高將發(fā)生在一些地點，此時過熱故障或高能量放電故障發(fā)生。此外，一個明顯的溫度升高會在一些力量變壓器發(fā)生故障前形成。理論上實時監(jiān)控到正確的地區(qū)可以實現(xiàn)，將預防性維護并改變目前的維護和檢查方式，能夠減少維護成本。因此，最重要的是保持在最佳的電力變壓器狀態(tài)。有幾種方法來衡量熱點溫度。一個簡單的方法是，溫度傳感器可用于把溫度信號轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號，然后收集采樣數(shù)據(jù)。本文就是油浸式電力變壓器實時溫度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。該監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的可以有效地監(jiān)測一些重點地區(qū)的溫度變化：如盒體，變壓器繞組，鐵心等等，它扮演了一個重要的控制作用，監(jiān)督變壓器的運行情況。二硬件設(shè)計本系統(tǒng)的硬件部分主要完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集和傳輸功能，還能通過控制電路實現(xiàn)一些擴展的控制功能，如采用繼電器開關(guān)來控制一些裝置的啟停等。硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計原理如下：首先外來信號經(jīng)溫度傳感器（PT100的，電熱電偶，光纖傳感器等）轉(zhuǎn)換為電壓信號，經(jīng)信號調(diào)整電路調(diào)整為標準信號范圍，并轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號。經(jīng)總線傳輸至單片機控制處理。此次收集的數(shù)據(jù)可暫時存在擴展的RAM中，或移交給計算機的USB接口。與此同時，單片機就可以用鍵盤和LCD的機用途的人造交換[2]。該系統(tǒng)的硬件系統(tǒng)框圖顯示在圖1。1）芯片的選擇

：A/D轉(zhuǎn)換模塊的選擇-MAX125In為了避免額外的數(shù)據(jù)處理階段的差異收集，必須使同步采集技術(shù)應保證提供不同的信號。同步數(shù)據(jù)采樣芯片選擇美心公司生產(chǎn)的MAX125的并在電路設(shè)計中使用。MAX125是2×4通道，高速數(shù)據(jù)采集，14位的芯片[3]。USB接口芯片選擇-DIUSBD12，PDIUSBD12的簡稱為“D12的”?，支持復用，非多路復用和DMA轉(zhuǎn)讓，是一種實物并行接口芯片，是由設(shè)計飛利浦公司生產(chǎn)。它完全符合USB規(guī)范修訂版1.1（基本速度）。它的另一個目的是要符合不同類型的傳輸。塊數(shù)據(jù)采集部分的硬件圖系統(tǒng)見圖2。B.設(shè)計的信號調(diào)理電路是由傳感器，信號放大，衰減電路，隔離電路，濾波電路，保持電路等組成，由于AD芯片MAX125與多工器和采樣保持電路本身，信號調(diào)節(jié)電路與熱偶電路，隔離放大器電路和抗混疊濾波器電路。熱電偶是由安徽天康注冊公司生產(chǎn)的。T標引，是一種特殊的一電廠中的應用。它的輸出電壓范圍為±5V和其測量溫度范圍從50到200度。圖1硬件電路框圖系統(tǒng)圖2電路框圖的數(shù)據(jù)采集圖3隔離放大電路示意圖圖4抗混疊濾波器示意圖該AD204是一般用途的行業(yè)標準隔離放大器，與兩端口，耦合變壓器隔離。此外，它可以提供一種完全隔離功能，包括信號和電源隔離，但其包裝很容易兼容。圖3是按原理設(shè)計的隔離放大電路圖。在現(xiàn)時的實際運行，該電路必須干擾附近的信號源，為了避免信號的影響，可以通過環(huán)境噪聲，提高信號的信噪比。濾波采用抗混疊濾波器電路，電路設(shè)計為圖4。電容的選擇要求，數(shù)值電容值應優(yōu)先考慮。該過濾器的設(shè)計軟件是由FilterLabMicrochip公司設(shè)計。[6]使用該軟件，范圍頻率響應和相位頻率響應可方便地找到，設(shè)計參數(shù)可容易調(diào)整。C.為了構(gòu)建一個8通道同步A/D轉(zhuǎn)換，電路中的MAX125應設(shè)計為數(shù)據(jù)采集電路。數(shù)字輸出的低8位和MAX125AD0AD7級，分別通過聯(lián)同P0.0的W77E58的P0.7輸出的。高六位A8的輸出分別為A13號與P2.0的P2.5相連的W77E58的輸出。W77E58中持有的ALE引腳是時鐘MAX125，與P3.3引腳，引腳P3.6和P3.7引腳一同運行。D.單片機控制電路設(shè)計的控制系統(tǒng)為圖6。因為USB協(xié)議框架比較大，W77E58中有32KB閃存芯片EPROM的被選擇為微控制器。W77E58的一個是8位，特別快速而且有更好的表現(xiàn)性能。更何況，它能夠有機會參與或低速傳送到機內(nèi)的RAM。相比其他處理如8052處理器芯片，W77E58可以使用更高的速度，即使在相同的時鐘頻率和較低的時鐘頻率下工作。其動力源消耗在同一靜態(tài)指令處理能力大大減少，因為整個系統(tǒng)都采用CMOS設(shè)計。有四個8位得I