2020屆天津市第八十二中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析

2020屆天津市第八十二中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AFtheArtWorldcompetition.Prize-Thewinnerofeachtypewillgetthechancetodisplaytheirartworksinaweek-longexhibitioninChelsea,NewYork..Eligibility-Opentoartistsallovertheworld..EntryFee(參賽費(fèi))-$24foramaximumof3submitted(提交的)photos..DateofExhibition-From25thApriltoFtheArtWorldisaninternationalartcompetitionorganizedbywhichisquiteunusual,comparedtoothercompetitions.Theartworksarenotjudgedonthebasisofcreativityandskill.Instead,they'rejudgedbythedepthofthesubjectmatter.Thesubjectthisyearis“ACompetitionAboutChange”,whereartistscantryandshowhowthey'dliketochangehumanityinagoodway.*Forthiscompetition,therearethreetypesforsubmissions,namely:streetart,fineart,anddigitalart.*EachtypewillhaveawinneraschosenbytheorganizersandallthewinnerswillhavethewonderfulchancetoexhibittheirworksattheUnarthodoxGalleryinNewYorkinaweelongexhibition.*Allthewinnerswillalsoreceive100%ofthesalepricewhenanyoftheirartworksaresold!Winnerswillalsobedisplayedonthewebsiteandtheentrants'artworkswillalsobedisplayedintheopeningceremony(儀式)aswell.1.WhatisspecialaboutFtheArtWorldCompetition?AItisfreetoattend.C.ItisopentoartistsinNewYork.D.Itcentersonthedepthoftheartworks.2.Whatwillthewinnersget?A.Prizemoney.B.Achancetovisitanexhibition.C.Awrittenjudgementoftheirartworks.D.Moneyfromthesaleoftheirartworks.3.Wherewilltheentrants'artworksbeshown?A.Inthestreet.B.Intheopeningceremony.C.Onthewebsite.D.Atthemarket.BForyears,ZachAult,afatherofthree,enjoyedbeingphysicallyactive.Hewaseventrainingforahalf-marathon.Butin2017,hetooktimeofftorecoverfromaninfection.Afterrecovering,hetriedtocontinuehisrunsbutcouldnotcompletethem.Hewa“Hisbodyhadliterallyhijackedhimanditwasn'tgoingtoallowhimtopushthrough,”saidAnneAult,hiswife.Aftermonthsoftesting,doctorsannouncedtheirresult-chronicfatiguesyndrome,adiseasethatmakesanindividualfeelextremelytired.Thisfatiguelastsmorethansixmonthsandbecomesworseafteranykindofphysicalexertion(費(fèi)力活動(dòng)).Patientsmayhavedifficultystandingupright.Theyalsomayhavetroublethinking,oftendescribedasa“brainfog”.Therearenoapprovedtreatments,oreventeststohelpwithdiagnosis.Thereisnowaytopredictwhowillrecoverandwhowillhaveaseverecasethatlastsforyears.NowthedoctorsattheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)areconductingauniquestudytolearnmoreaboutthecondition.ZachAultisoneofthesubjectsinthestudy.WhenAultridesanexercisebicycle,scientistsmeasurehowhislegmusclesuseoxygen.Afterward,doctorsfitaspecialcaponAult'sheadtomeasureelectricalactivityinhisbrain.Theythensendhimtospendthenightinanair-tightroomwhereairhasadditionalstudy.ScientistsmeasureoxygenandcarbondioxidelevelstotellhowmuchenergyAultisusing,minutebyminute.“We'refiguringouthowhisbodyadjuststoanexerciseload,orastressload.”“It'shardnotknowingiforwhenI'mgoingtorecover,”hesaid.ButAultsaysthestudydidhelphimlearnaboutthedisease.Anditgavehimideasabouthowtosaveuphisenergy.4.WhatwasZachAult'slifelikebefore2017?A.Hewasfondofexercising.B.Hewonseveralhalf-marathons.5.HowdidtheinfectionaffectZachAult?A.Helosthisjob.C.Hebecametooweaktodosports.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutchronicfatiguesyndrome?B.ItislikelytocausethD.Patientswithitshouldavoidanykindofexercise.7.WhatdoesZachAultthinkofthestudy?C.IttaughthimhowtoenjoycycliCHaveyoueverthrownacamel?CamelsarelargeandheavyanimalssoitwouFrench-speakingDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo,“Inthepast,aphraselikethatwasnotacceptedbytheFrenchgovernmentasarecently,theFrenchMinistryofCultureworkedonanewkindofdictionarypeopleoutsideofFrancespeakthelanguage.ThelanguagehaschangedovertimeandisdifferentinplaceslikeAnewonlinedictionary,calledtheFrenchspeakers’dictionary,includesnewFrenchwordsfromaroundtheworld.ItwasreleasedonMarch18—justintimeforInternationalFrenchSpeaker’sDayonMarSupporterssaythenewInternetdictionaryismoredemocraticthanearlierFrenchdictionariesthatonlyshowedthewayhighlyeducatedFrenchpeoplespoke.Thenewdictionaryincludesunofficialwordslike“pourriel”,whichmeansanunwantedemailifyouareinCanada.Itisawordbasedon“courriel”,whichjustmeansFrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronproposedtheidea600.000terms,RoselyneBachelotistheFrenchCultureMinister.ShesaidthedictionaryisnotjustforFrance's67millioncitizens,butforthe300millionFrenchspeakersworldwide.Theaim,supporterssay,istorecognizethewaylanguagechanges.Wordsandexpressionsincludedinthedictionarycomefromover50countries—evenfromtheUnitedStatesSomepeopleinthesouthernU.S.stateofLouisianaspeakFrench.Peoplecanseethedictionaryonawebsiteorshouldbeincluded.OfficialdictionariesproducedbytheFrenchAcademyinPariswerefirstpublishedhundredsofyearsagoandareregularlyupdated.8.WhatdowemeanifwC.Hemakesajoke.9.Whatisthepurposeofthepublicationdateofthenewonlinedictionary?A.Tocelebrateanevent.B.Tohonorforeignusers.C.Todrawmoreattention.10.Wheredoestheword“pourriel”comefrom?A.French.B.Anemail.11.Whatcanpeopledowiththenewdictionary?A.Updateitregularly.C.Changethemeaningofitswords.D.RegarditDTheAIresearcharmofAlibabacreatedamachinelearningmodelthatreceivedahigherscoreontheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDatasetthanhumans.Thedatabaseconsistsofmorethan100,000questionstotestreadingcomprehension.InearlyJanuarythisyeartheAlibabaAIsoftwaremachinescored82.44onthetestwhilehumansscored82.304.Besides,computersandAIhavealreadydefeatedhumans,forexampleingamessuchaschess.However,itseemedthatlanguageskillsweresuperiorinhumansasmachinesfindlanguageshardtomaster.Alargenumberofcallcenteremployees,oftenindevelopingcountries,maybeoutofworksooniftheAIrobotsarecheaperandaseffectiveashumanlabor.Soonwhenyouphoneacompanyforinformationtheconversationwillgolikethis:“Wearesorrybutallourrobotsarebusyrightnow.Wevalueyourcall.Pleonthelineuntilarobotisfreetoserveyou.Therearejust12callersaheadofyou.”Arobotwillserveyousomepopulartuneswhileyouwait.SiLuo,whoisachiefscientistofnaturallanguageprocessingatAlibaba’sAIrequestionssuchas“Whatcausesrain?”cannowbeansweredwithahighdegreeofaccuracybyrobots.SiLuosaid,“Webelievethefoundationaltechnologycanbegraduallyappliedtoalotofapplicationssuchascustomerservice,museumtutorials,andonlineresponsestoinquiriesfrompatients,freeinghumaneffortsinanewway.”SiLuo’steamisworkingcloselywithAliXiaomi,amobilecustomerservicechatbot.AliXiaomicanbecustomizedtobeusedonAlibaba’splatformssuchasTaobaoandTmall.ThenewAIrobotscouldanswerconsumers’questionsastheydidtheStanfordquestions.Therobotswouldlookfortheanswersfrompreparedinformation.However,therearelimitstowhatthesystemwillbeabletodo.Ifquestionsdonothaveclear-cutanswers,orthequestionsaskedaretoounclearorungrammatical,therobotmaynotbeabletodealwiththem.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAlibabaAIsoftwaremachine?A.Ithasbeentestedinsomeareas.13.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3showabouttheAIrobots?A.Theyshouldhavebetterlanguageskills.B.TheymayreplacehumansinsC.Theyneedtobecustomizedtoservecustomers.D.Theywillbewidelyusedindevelopingcountries.14.HowdoesSiLuofeelaboutthefoundationaltechnology?A.Doubtful.B.Worried.C.Curious.D.Confident.15.WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutAliXiaomi?A.Itneedstoimproveinsomeways.B.ItiscoC.Itisaplatformtoshowgoodservice.D.Itcananswe閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Whenwesetagoal,wearedoingsowiththedeterminationtoachieveitatsometime.16.Herearesometipsonhowtodothat.Definingyourgoals.Themostchallengingpartisestablishingexactlywhatyourgoalsareinthefirstplace.Beginbyevaluatingwhereyouareatpresent.17.Includeyourskills,talents,andachievements.Thenmovaboutwhereyouwouldliketobeinthefuture.Whatisyourultimateaim?Ifpossible,includeatimetable. 18.Turnthatdreamintoagoalbygivingitsubstance,andplanningtheroute.Yourtimetableforsuccesswillgraduallycometogether,andyoucandecidewhereyouwanttobein,say,oneyear,fiveyears,ortenyears.Don’tfudgeit,bespecific,andbeambitious. 19.Considertheshort-termobjectivesyouwillneedtoachieveasyouprogresstowardsyourultimategoal.Entertheseintoyourtimetablesoyouhaveaclearideaofthestepsyouwillneedtotake.Perhapsyouwillneedqualificationsormoneytofundyoureffortstoreachyourgoal.____Whateveryouwriteinyourplanforthefutureisgoingtoguideyouthroughthewholeprocess.Youwillbenegativelanguage.Listwhatyouaregoingtodoinpositivetonesthatwillencourageyouandspuryouon.A.AlwaysbepositiveB.FindtheencouragingwordsC.YourcurrentsituationwilldetermineyournextstepD.TurnyourdreamintoagoalanddecideonyourpathE.CreatingatimetablemeansyouwillhavetothinkofthebigpictureF.Achievingshort-termgoalswillrequiremasteryofmanydifferentskillsG.Oneofthebestwaystoguaranteethosegoalswillbeachievedisbywritingthemdown第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Whensomeoneasksyouwhoyourfavoriteherois,youprobablysaySpidermanormaybeCaptainAmerica.IfSincebeforeIwasbsacrifices,23decisions,andsleeplessnightshespent,wereallfor24abouthowmydadcametothiscountrylookingforabetterlifeforthe25wererisks.LearningabouthowheMysisterwasbornonOctober4,2008.Thatdayour32changed.Shewassick.ThedoctorsonlyShewentthroughsomuchinayear,threeorgantransplantsand35hospitalizatidadassumedtheroleofmymom.Mypoormotherwasdid37withmydad,fromsleepinginhisbedbecauseIwasscared,togoingtoday.Thiswentonforyears.WhenIwasinelementaryschool,I38Bsuperhero.39,myfatherhasthem21.A.hardlyB.sometimes24.A.thecountryB.thefamily25.A.hopeful27.A.benefit32.A.life35.A.multiple36.A.entireB.spareC.relaxing37.A.nothingB.anythingC.something39.A.HopefullyB.SimilarlyC.Unfortunately40.A.friendB.modelC.exampleD.superhero閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Nowadays，locallygrownfoodisontherise，and41.isimportanttoknowwhythistrendfarmingmatters.Hawaiiisaprettyfarawayplace.Hawaiiansbringinabout85percentof42.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；52.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。handstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.Threemorewordstogo.N-i-c-e-l-y.Q-u-i-c-k-l-y.H-o-n-e-s-t-y.Wait!She'dspelledhonesty,nothonestly.Shehurriedlyerasedthet-yaMs.McCormackgradedthetestpapersatthebreak.Meanwhile,Kariesatrestlesslyinherseatwithherfingerscrossed.Then,Ms.McCormackwalkedtothefrontoftheroomandclearedherthroat.AsifshewereanOlympicgymnast,Ms.McCormack'sfeetflippedintotheair.“Congratulations,Karie!Youdidit!”sheannouncedwhileupsidedown.Thewholeclassburstintoapplause!Mgrinnedasshereadthelabelonthebox：ToKarieCarter,forherperfectfirsquarterscoreinspelling.“EverythingOK?”MomaskedasKarieburstthroughth