2024年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題6 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之分詞 講義學(xué)案（學(xué)生版+解析版）

?第06講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之分詞(講義)目錄二四名詞考向五(值習(xí)目標(biāo))【考情分析】句法和作用形式句法和作用動(dòng)名詞句法和作用形式句法和作用動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞句法和作用句法和作用動(dòng)詞不定。形式not+動(dòng)詞-ing⊙。形式作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)0Thehen'sjobislayingeggs.Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.○作定語(yǔ)Totellthetruth,Ido8880肯定⊙動(dòng)詞-ing--不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但同時(shí)仍保留動(dòng)詞某些特征的動(dòng)詞形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)。在句中的作用(主、賓、表、賓補(bǔ)、定、狀)在句中的作用(主、賓、表、賓補(bǔ)、定、狀)動(dòng)名詞用法(主、賓、表、定)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在分詞doing過(guò)去分詞done分詞用法(表、補(bǔ)、定、狀)考向一分詞的定義非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分詞就是具有動(dòng)詞及形容詞二者特征的詞，分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)和過(guò)去分詞(v-ed)兩種，是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。*現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行”考向二現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能考向二現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能時(shí)態(tài)Walkingdownthestreet,hehearssomeonecNotknowingheraddress,wecouldnThehousesbeingbuiltareforaswimmingboy(aboywhoisThemanspeakingtoLily(themanawashingmachine(amachineforwashing)洗衣機(jī)awalkingstick=astick(whichisused)forareadingroom=aroom(whichisusJohnhasreallygotthejobofficialletterwhich/thatoffHe'sreallyamusingandtellsjokeswhenhethinkswe'regettingbored.(2)Whenreadingthenovel,Iheardthetelephonering.(作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，分詞前面可加when,while等詞。)(3)Livingfarfromtheschool,hehastogetupearlyeverymorning.(原因狀語(yǔ))由于住的使役動(dòng)詞/感官動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)(意義主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行)Ihavetwomenworkingformeinthecompany.我讓兩個(gè)人在公司為我工作。(表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行)IheardanEnglishsongbeing考向三過(guò)去分詞的句法功能考向三過(guò)去分詞的句法功能boilingwaterboiledwater過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，它們大多數(shù)是已經(jīng)形容詞化的，而且大多數(shù)是與心理狀態(tài)有聯(lián)系的詞，表示主語(yǔ)所處嚇人的受驚嚇的IwassurprisedtofindmyhBeforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcGivenenoughmoney,I'=IfIamgivenenoughmoney,I'Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinher考向四易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析考向四易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：stoptodo停止，中斷做某事后去做另2)forgetdoing/todoforgettodo忘記要去做某事(未做)regretdoing對(duì)做過(guò)的事遺憾、后悔。(已做)IdontregrettellingherwhatIthought.meantodo打算、想Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnmeandoing意味著Toraisewage(提高工資)meansincreasingpurchasingpower(購(gòu)買力).can'thelptodo不能幫助做某事9)關(guān)于use的短語(yǔ)：人sth.寧愿(不)做某事=wouldrather(not)dosth.refertodosth.1ratherthandosth.2寧愿做事情1,而不愿做事情2.do(強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常做，注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))doing(強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做)doing(強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做)needh需要(某人)做某事 beautifulladyinthe—Wow!It'smyteacher,Mr.Wu.(leave)thousandsofpeoplehomeless.by.(leave)thousandsofpeoplehomeless.13.(2022.江蘇鹽城.統(tǒng)考一模)Look!Thereisawall—Ihadmyinvitation—Yes.TheschoolbroadcastingstationannouncedthatourschoolhadputtogoodusetobuynewinstrumentsforA.writtenB.waswritten—Great.ItisthefirstplaneA.developB.developingC.developedA.tocut;closingB.cutting;openC.cut;A.torepairB.repairedC.repairing—Don'tworry.I'llgetitthisafternoon.A.repairB.repairingC.repairedA.ComparedB.TocompareC.CompaA.made;rememberedB.making;rememberC.making;wasrememberedD.made;toremA.playB.playingC.toplayChineseandanimalloversworryaboutheA.madeB.tomakeC.makingA.listenB.listenedC.listens31.(2023.吉林長(zhǎng)春.統(tǒng)考三模)IheardBobwhenA.singB.singing—Don'tworry.Ithinkthirtyminutesisenough.A.washingB.towashC.washedastronautstoitsspacestationcombinA.tosendB.sentC.sA.showB.showingC.toshow—TheyareZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangA.giveB.givingC.tog閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子MyparentstookmetoJapEveryonewasafraidofSARS,soIstayedathomewithbook.“Whydon'tyoutranslateitintoChinese?Itwillbebetterthan39computergamesallday.”Ipromisedtodo2,000wordseachday.ButlaterIfounditAftertranslatingonlythreepages,Ialreadylostinterestinthebook.Ilookedatitforalongtime.ButIcouldn'tmakemyselfturnthepages._outsideandplayfootballwithmThewords42bymeagainandagain.Ijustwantedtogiveup.Ifeltasiftwopeoplewerefighting413_mymind.Onesaid,“Doandyou'lldowell!"Butthentheotheronesaid,"Gworktomorrow.”Istoodupandwouldturnoffthecomputer.ButthenIremembered45__myparentshadtoldme,"Wha36.A.BecauseB.WhenC.37.A.anB.the38.A.nothingB.somethingC.ever39.A.beplayedB.playing40.A.waitedforB.been41.A.WhatB.Whata42.A.werecountedB.countedC.are43.A.inB.with44.A.themostinterestingB.moreinteresti45.A.howB.wherewassenttothehospitalbythebusdriverandpassengersimmeA.lies;diesB.lay;diedC.lain;deadD.lying;dyA.worksB.workedC.workingA.play;playB.play;playingC.playing;playD.pA.danceB.dancing —Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.speakingB.spokenC.speakA.CompareB.ComparedC.ComparingD.ComparesA.read,writtenB.toread,writtenC.reading,towriteD.t—SomephotosontheGreatWall.A.aretakenB.takenC.aretaking(pay).?第06講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之分詞(講義)目錄二四名詞考向五(值習(xí)目標(biāo))【考情分析】句法和作用形式句法和作用動(dòng)名詞句法和作用形式句法和作用動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞句法和作用句法和作用動(dòng)詞不定。形式not+動(dòng)詞-ing⊙。形式作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)0Thehen'sjobislayingeggs.Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.○作定語(yǔ)Totellthetruth,Ido8880肯定⊙動(dòng)詞-ing--不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但同時(shí)仍保留動(dòng)詞某些特征的動(dòng)詞形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)。在句中的作用(主、賓、表、賓補(bǔ)、定、狀)在句中的作用(主、賓、表、賓補(bǔ)、定、狀)動(dòng)名詞用法(主、賓、表、定)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在分詞doing過(guò)去分詞done分詞用法(表、補(bǔ)、定、狀)考向一分詞的定義非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分詞就是具有動(dòng)詞及形容詞二者特征的詞，分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)和過(guò)去分詞(v-ed)兩種，是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。*現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行”考向二現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能考向二現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能時(shí)態(tài)Walkingdownthestreet,hehearssomeonecNotknowingheraddress,wecouldnThehousesbeingbuiltareforaswimmingboy(aboywhoisThemanspeakingtoLily(themanawashingmachine(amachineforwashing)洗衣機(jī)awalkingstick=astick(whichisused)forareadingroom=aroom(whichisusJohnhasreallygotthejobofficialletterwhich/thatoffHe'sreallyamusingandtellsjokeswhenhethinkswe'regettingbored.(8)Whenreadingthenovel,Iheardthetelephonering.(作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，分詞前面可加when,while等詞。)(9)Livingfarfromtheschool,hehastogetupearlyeverymorning.(原因狀語(yǔ))由于住的使役動(dòng)詞/感官動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)(意義主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行)Ihavetwomenworkingformeinthecompany.我讓兩個(gè)人在公司為我工作。(表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行)IheardanEnglishsongbeing考向三過(guò)去分詞的句法功能考向三過(guò)去分詞的句法功能boilingwaterboiledwater過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，它們大多數(shù)是已經(jīng)形容詞化的，而且大多數(shù)是與心理狀態(tài)有聯(lián)系的詞，表示主語(yǔ)所處嚇人的受驚嚇的IwassurprisedtofindmyhBeforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcGivenenoughmoney,I'=IfIamgivenenoughmoney,I'Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinher考向四易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析考向四易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：2)forgetdoing/todo2)forgetdoing/todoforgettodo忘記要去做某事(未做)regretdoing對(duì)做過(guò)的事遺憾、后悔。(已做)IdontregrettellingherwhatIthought.meantodo打算、想Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnmeandoing意味著Toraisewage(提高工資)meansincreasingpurchasingpower(購(gòu)買力).can'thelptodo不能幫助做某事13)關(guān)于use的短語(yǔ)：44人寧愿(不)做某事=wouldrather(not)dosth.refertodosth.1ratherthandosth.2寧愿做事情1,而不愿做事情2.do(強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常做，注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))doing(強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做)doh需要(某人)做某事 【答案】carrying【答案】singing5.(2023.湖南常德.統(tǒng)考一模)—Look!There's—Wow!It'smyteacher,M【答案】【答案】performing“Look”可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞perform的現(xiàn)在分詞performing來(lái)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞a6.(2023-江蘇無(wú)錫·江蘇省錫山高級(jí)中學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校校考一模)Soonashow._(carry)alovelyblackhandbagandaha(leave)thousandsofpeoplehomeless.【詳解】句意：上個(gè)月在土耳其發(fā)生的地震是一場(chǎng)真正的災(zāi)難，使成千上萬(wàn)的人無(wú)家可歸。地by.【答案】【答案】singing【詳解】句意：我路過(guò)時(shí)聽(tīng)到女孩們?cè)诜块g里唱歌。根據(jù)hearsb.dosth.(聽(tīng)到某人做某事),表示過(guò)程或經(jīng)里表示正在進(jìn)行。因此用sing的現(xiàn)在分詞singing。故填singing?！驹斀狻烤湟猓寒?dāng)我路過(guò)這個(gè)社區(qū)時(shí)，我看到鄰居們?cè)谟淇斓亓奶?。根?jù)“WhenIpassedbythecommunity”【詳解】句意：連接這兩個(gè)城市的高速鐵路在我們的日常(leave)thousandsofpeoplehomeless.【詳解】句意：上個(gè)月在美國(guó)發(fā)生的龍卷風(fēng)是一場(chǎng)真正的災(zāi)難，使成千上萬(wàn)的人無(wú)家可歸。龍卷風(fēng)導(dǎo)致很13.(2022.江蘇鹽城.統(tǒng)考一模)Look!Thereisawalle只能用非謂語(yǔ)形式：動(dòng)詞ing形式(主動(dòng)關(guān)系)或動(dòng)詞ed形式(被動(dòng)關(guān)系)。因?yàn)閟omething與visit之間是—Yes.TheschoolbroadcastingstationannouncedthatourschoolhtogoodusetobuynewinstrumentsforA.writtenB.waswritten—Great.ItisthefirstplaneA.developB.developingC.developedA.tocut;closingB.cutting;openA.torepairB.repairedC.repairing【答案】B25.(2023-湖南邵陽(yáng)-統(tǒng)考一模)—ThereissomethingwrongwiththeTV.A.repairB.repairingC.repairedA.ComparedB.TocompareC.Co可知，此處動(dòng)詞compare與主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故選A。A.made;rememberedB.making;rememberC.making;wasrememberedD.made;torem【詳解】句意：他全身心投入的事業(yè)使他被全世界A.playB.playingC.toplayChineseandanimalloversworryaboutheA.madeB.tomakeA.listenB.listenedC.listensD.liA.singB.singingC.sangA.washingB.towashC.washedA.tosendB.sent動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C。A.showB.showingC.toshow【詳解】句意：到目前為止，中國(guó)有13個(gè)濕地之城，展示了各種各樣的風(fēng)格。A.giveB.givingC.togive閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子book.“Whydon'tyoutranslateitintoChinese?Itwillbebetterthan39_compIpromisedtodo2,000wordseachday.ButlaterIfoundAftertranslatingonlythreepages,Ialreadylostinterestinthebook.Ilookedatitforalongtime.ButIcouldn'tmakemyselfturnthepages.outsideandplayfootballwithmThewords42bymeagainandagain.Ijustwantedtogiveup.Ifeltasiftwopeoplewerefighting43.mymind.Onesaid,“Dondyou'lldowell!"Butthentheotheronesaid,"Goandplay!Itwillberworktomorrow.”Istoodupandwouldturnoffthecomputer.ButthenIremembered45_myparentshadtoldme,"Whateveryoudo,don'tstophalfway."SoIsat40.A.waitedfor42.A.werecountedd【答案】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了作者由于在日本生活過(guò)而精通日語(yǔ)，答應(yīng)父親翻譯日語(yǔ)書(shū)籍為中文，卻不能堅(jiān)持根據(jù)“Igot…goodopportunity.”可知，此處作者的父親建議把它翻譯成中文，由此可知作者沒(méi)有其他事情可做。故40.句意：那2000字還在等著我?，F(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。41.句意：我真希望我能出去和我的朋友們踢足球!與謂語(yǔ)count之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“wanted”可知過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選A。選A。themostinteresting最有趣的(最高級(jí));moreinteresting更有趣的(比較級(jí));interesting有趣的。根據(jù)“than”wassenttothehospitalbythebusdriveA.l