陜西省咸陽市禮泉縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中學(xué)科素養(yǎng)調(diào)英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

禮泉縣2023～2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期中期學(xué)科素質(zhì)調(diào)研高二英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試題共10頁，滿分150分，時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutTom?A.Heworkshard.B.Heisclever.C.Heispopular.2.Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.Toremindthewomanofarainstorm.B.Tomakeworkarrangements.C.Tohavehishouserepaired.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetraining?A.Disappointing.B.Satisfying.C.Worrying.4.WhatwillJackprobablydothisweekend?A.Gocamping.B.Visitafriend.C.Watchafilm.5.Whendidthewomanhavebreakfast?A.At7:10.B.At7:30.C.At7:50.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Areceptionistandavisitor.C.Thebossandthesecretary.7.Whatdoesthewomangivetheman?A.Aguidebook.B.Acitymap.C.Aschedule.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhenwastheTigerYingmade?A.About2,000yearsago.B.About3,000yearsago.C.About4,000yearsago.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthebuyer?A.Hisnameisunknown.B.HeisfromtheUK.C.Hespent41,000dollarsonthething.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whowillthemangivethenecklaceto?A.Hisfriend.B.Hiswife.C.Hiskid.11.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthefirstnecklace?A.Itslength.B.Itscolor.C.Itsprice.12.Howmuchdoesthemanpay?A.$600.B.$1,080C.$1,200.13.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodointheend?A.Packupthenecklace.B.Keepthechange.C.Putacardinthegift.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatisthemostimportanttransportationinKarl’svillage?A.Theplane.B.Thebus.C.Theboat.15.WhattypeofworkdomanypeopleinKarl’svillagedonow?A.Theyfishinaboat.B.Theymaketoolsbyhand.C.TheydobusinessontheInternet.16.WhatisKarl’sopinionabouttheoldlifestyle?A.Itisexciting.B.Itisboring.C.Itishealthy.17.WhatisKarlmostinterestedin?A.Modernclothes.B.Computergames.C.Huntingtales.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howmanykindsofpollutionhavebeenmentionedbythespeaker?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Whichisthemostseriouspollutionintoday’slife?A.Airpollution.B.Noisepollution.C.Waterpollution.20.Whatdoesthespeakeradviseustodotofightpollution?A.Plantmoretrees.B.Gotolivewithfriends.C.Takepublictransportation.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.Tonal$2,995ATTONAL.COMTonalmakesliftingandresistancetrainingtrulyeasyandaccessiblefromyourownhome.ItisgreatbecauseIhateanysortofpublicweighttraining.Tonalhasaremarkablyeasyuserinterfaceandgivesdataandfeedbackinahelpfulmanner.Italsomakesyoufeelgreatbykeepingtrackofclearimprovements.Hisense75”U800GR8KULEDRokuTV$1,800ATBESTBUY8ksoundedlikealuxury,butnowthatbrandslikeHisense,whichfocusonamoreaffordableendofthespectrum,havegottensometimewiththetech,youcanfinallybringthedeepcoloroutputandstunningdetailintoyourlivingroom.Callingit“affordable”maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover$5,000,it’sthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.Itgetsyourmoneyworthbest.VIVEGoggle$499ATVIVE.COMVivegoggleswillbringanextremelyaccessibleandrefreshingapproachtotheVRworld.Theyareapairofgogglesnotunlikesomethingyou’dweartosnowboard.They’reextremelylightweightwithalightningfastset—that’sconnectedwiththingslikewatchingNetflix.It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.DysonPurifierHumidify+CoolFormaldehyde$920ATWALMARTForpeoplewhoeasilysneezebecauseofdoghairorsomethinglikethatoutside,Dysonhascreatedamachinethatsavesthemfortimeathome.Thisnewpurifierdoublesasahumidifier,plusithasacoolingfunction,makingittheendallbeallforstuffy,hot,dryapartments.1.Whichdevicewillgetyourmoneyworthbest?A.Tonal. B.DysonPurifierHumidify+CoolFormaldehyde.C.VIVEFlow. D.Hisense75”U800GR8KULEDRokuTV.2.WhatstatementofVIVEGogglesisTRUE?A.Theyareuser-friendly.B.Theyhelpkeeptrackofweight.C.Theyappealtogamers.D.Theyareintendedforwhoareallergictodust.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aconsumerreview. B.Amagazine.C.Anovel. D.Ahealthreport.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)幫助提升生活質(zhì)量的新設(shè)備?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hisense75’’U800GR8KULEDRokuTV中的“1,800ATBESTBUY”和“Callingit‘a(chǎn)ffordable’maybeastretch,butcomparedtomost8kTV’swhichallrunover5,000,it’sthemostcost-efficientversionofthetechwe’vegot.(說它“經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠”可能有點(diǎn)夸張，但與大多數(shù)售價(jià)超過5000美元的8k電視相比，它是我們所擁有的技術(shù)中最具成本效益的版本。)”可知，大多數(shù)8K的電視都要超過5000美元，但Hisense75’’U800GR8KULEDRokuTV只需要1800美元，說明它性價(jià)比非常高。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VIVEGoggle中的“It’sthecalmestheadsetI’veeverwornandusescamerastoletyoucontroleverythingwithjustyourhands.Thisone’sforthenot-gamers.(這是我戴過的最平靜的耳機(jī)，它有攝像頭，讓你只用手就能控制一切。這是給非游戲玩家的。)”可知，只用手就能控制一切，適用于非游戲玩家，說明這很容易操作，對(duì)用戶很友好。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thefollowingarenewlyreleaseddevicesalldesignedtohelpmakeyourlifemoreconvenient,beautifulandvivid.(以下是最新發(fā)布的設(shè)備，旨在幫助您的生活更方便，美麗和生動(dòng)。)”可知，本文主要介紹了幾款幫助生活更方便的新發(fā)布的設(shè)備，內(nèi)容僅涉及產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和主要優(yōu)勢(shì)。文章最有可能來自雜志，目的在于打廣告。故選B。BWiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardenst(皇家花園)inChinalocatedinthecenterofBeijing.BeihaiParkissaidtobebuiltaccordingtoatraditionalChineselegend.Thestoryisthatonceuponatimetherewerethreemagicmountainscalled“Penglai”,“Yingzhou”and“Fangzhang”.Godsinthosemountainshadakindofmedicinewhichwouldhelphumansgainimmortality(永生).Consequently,manyemperorsconstantlysoughtthosemountains.IForexample,EmperorQinShihuanghadsentpeopletolookforthemagicmountainsbuttheyfailed.EmperorWudi,thefifthemperoroftheWesternHanDynastydidsimilarthings.Itwasbelievedthatdifferentmountain-watercombinationsinancientChinesearchitectureledtototallydifferenteffects.Sofromthenon,almosteveryemperorduringthesucceedingdynastieswouldbuildaroyalgardenwithone-pool-with-three-hilllayoutnearhispalace.BeihaiParkwassurelybuiltafterthistraditionalstyle:thewaterofBeihaiwithZhongnanhaiistheTaiyePool;theJadeFloweryIslet,theislandoftheCircularCityandtheXishantaiIslandrepresentthethreemagicmountains.Actually,BeihaiParkwasinitiallybuiltintheLiaoDynasty(916-1125)andwasrepairedandrebuiltinthefollowingdynastiesincludingJin,Yuan,MingandQing.Thelarge-scalerebuildinginthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty(1644-1911)generallyestablishedthepresentscaleandpattern.In1925,itwasfirstopenedtothepublic,attractinghundredsofthousandsofvisitorsfromallovertheworldeveryyear.ItisenjoyabletowalkaroundthevariousscenicareasinBeihaiPark.Therearemanyplacestovisit,includingtheBaiTa,Five-DragonPavilions,Nine-DragonWall,Yong’anTempleandsoon.ThereisalsoaclassyrestaurantcalledFangshanRestaurantwheretheEmpressCixioncedined.4.WhereisBeihaiPark?A.Neartheocean. B.InthesouthofZhongnanhai.C.TothewestsideofJingshanPark. D.IntheuptownareaofBeijingCity.5WhatisthesimilaritybetweenEmperorQinShihuangandEmperorWudiofHanaccordingtothetext?A.Theylovedtolistentostories. B.Theybothpursuedimmortality.C.Theyweremountain-climbinglovers. D.Theywerethefirstemperoroftheirdynasties.6.HowoldisBeihaiPark?A.Lessthan100yearsold. B.About500yearsold.C.About1,000yearsold. D.Nearly2,000yearsold.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Afamouspark. B.Historicalpalaces.C.Anunforgettablelegend. D.Ancientarchitecturalstyles.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北京北海公園的歷史和建筑風(fēng)格?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardens(皇家花園)inChinalocatedincenterofBeijing.(北海公園，也被稱為NorthernSeaPark，東臨紫禁城和景山公園，南臨中南海，位于北京中心，是中國(guó)最古老、最大、保存最完好的古代皇家園林之一。)”可知，北海公園位于景山公園的西側(cè)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Godsinthosemountainshadakindofmedicinewhichwouldhelphumansgainimmortality(永生).Consequently,manyemperorsconstantlysoughtthosemountains.Forexample,EmperorQinShihuanghadsentpeopletolookforthemagicmountainsbuttheyfailed.EmperorWudi,thefifthemperoroftheWesternHanDynastydidsimilarthings.(那些山上的神有一種藥，可以幫助人類獲得永生。因此，許多皇帝不斷尋找這些山脈。例如，秦始皇曾派人去尋找神山，但他們失敗了。西漢第五位皇帝漢武帝也做過類似的事情)”可知，秦始皇與漢武帝都追求長(zhǎng)生不老。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Actually,BeihaiParkwasinitiallybuiltintheLiaoDynasty(9l6—1l25)andwasrepairedandrebuiltinthefollowingdynastiesincludingJin,Yuan,MingandQing.(實(shí)際上，北海公園最初建于遼代(公元916-1125年)，并在金、元、明、清等朝代進(jìn)行了修復(fù)和重建。)”可知，北海公園已經(jīng)約有一千多年的歷史了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WiththeForbiddenCityandJingshanParktoitseast,Zhongnanhaitoitssouth,BeihaiPark,alsoknownasNorthernSeaPark,isoneoftheoldest,largestandbest-preservedancientimperialgardens(皇家花園)inChinalocatedincenterofBeijing.(北海公園，也被稱為NorthernSeaPark，東臨紫禁城和景山公園，南臨中南海，位于北京中心，是中國(guó)最古老、最大、保存最完好的古代皇家園林之一。)”并通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)——北海公園。故選A項(xiàng)。CJohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker,andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17,hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemightleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,sovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926,at23,hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.Dinmathematics.Fromthenon,mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim,andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.In1930,vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933,theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed,andhebecameoneofthe6full-timepeopleintheSchoolofMathematics(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers).WorldWarIIhugelyconvertedvonNeumann’sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpuremathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicaltheoriesintopractice.Duringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributions.Afterthewar,vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers,andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards.HewasthepresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberoftheAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedofcancerin1957.VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplaceinhistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.VonNeumannreallywasalegendinhisowntime,andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofhislegend.Hereportedoneaccidentthisway:“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”8.JohnvonNeumannalsolearnedchemistrybecause________.A.hisfatherdidn’ttrusthistalentinlearningmathematicsB.hebelievedhecouldliveawealthylifelearningchemistryC.hehadthegiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeedD.hisfatherworriedabouthisincomeasamathematician9.WhenwasJohnvonNeumann’sfirstbookpublished?A.In1926. B.In1930. C.In1932. D.In1933.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”meaninParagraph3?A.Ban. B.Change. C.Delay. D.Break.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnvonNeumann?A.Intelligentandhumorous. B.Smartbutcareless.C.Braveandcalm. D.Kindandeasy-going.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了著名科學(xué)家約翰·馮·諾伊曼的生平經(jīng)歷、取得的重大成就以及一則有趣的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“At17,hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemightleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,sovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.(17歲時(shí)，馮·諾伊曼的父親勸他不要成為一名數(shù)學(xué)家，因?yàn)楫?dāng)數(shù)學(xué)家可能會(huì)過著貧窮的生活，所以他也同意學(xué)習(xí)化學(xué))”可知，因?yàn)樗赣H擔(dān)心他作為數(shù)學(xué)家收入會(huì)很微薄，所以馮·諾伊曼也學(xué)習(xí)了化學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.(他的第一本書出版于1932年)”可知，馮·諾伊曼出版第一本書時(shí)是1932年。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞的下文“Until1940hehadbeenagreatpuremathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicaltheoriesintopractice.(直到1940年，他一直是一位偉大的純粹數(shù)學(xué)家。在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間和戰(zhàn)后，他成為將數(shù)學(xué)理論付諸實(shí)踐的最優(yōu)秀的數(shù)學(xué)家之一)”可知，馮·諾伊曼在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)前研究純粹數(shù)學(xué)，在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間和戰(zhàn)后研究如何應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)理論。由此可知，二戰(zhàn)改變了他的興趣領(lǐng)域，converted意思應(yīng)該是“改變，轉(zhuǎn)變”，與change意思接近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段描述的馮·諾伊曼驚人的學(xué)習(xí)能力，第二段描述的突出的研究能力，第三段描述的在理論數(shù)學(xué)、應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)等領(lǐng)域取得的巨大成就可知，他非常聰明。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hereportedoneaccidentthisway:“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”(他這樣報(bào)告了一起事故：“我在路上開車。右邊的樹以每小時(shí)60英里的速度有序地從我身邊經(jīng)過。突然，其中一個(gè)擋住了我的去路”)”可知，馮·諾依曼在報(bào)告開車事故時(shí)，將自己與樹木之間的動(dòng)與靜的狀態(tài)顛倒，讓人忍俊不禁，因此他非常幽默。故選A項(xiàng)。DThereishopeforourplanet’ssurvival.Innovativeproductsarebeingdesignedtoreduceourdependenceonplastic,single-useplasticinparticular.OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).DesignedwithglobalenergycompanyEni.Thejuiceris10feettallandtoppedwithamassivedome(圓頂)feedingthejuicerwithorangesondemand.Thedomeismadeupofroundtracksthatholdupto1,500oranges.A3Dprinterissetupinthebaseofthemachine.Themachinegoeslikemagic.Whenanorderisplaced,theorangesslidedownthetrackstoasqueezer,andthejuiceisthendeposited(使沉積)intoan“orangepeel”bio-plasticcup,readytoenjoy.Meanwhile,thefreshlysqueezedpeelsfalldownatubeandgatheratthebottomofthemachinewheretheyaredried,milledandmixedwithPolylacticAcid,creatingabioplasticmaterial.Thebioplasticisthenheatedandmeltedintoafilament(細(xì)絲)andthe3Dprinterthencreatesrecyclablebioplasticcups,readytobefilledwithfreshlysqueezedjuice.Howcoolthatis!ItseemsthatCarloRattiAssociatiandEnihaveplanstotake“FeelthePeel”beyondjustorangejuice.“Theprincipleofrecyclingisamustfortoday’sobjects,”saysCarloRatti,“WorkingwithEni,wetriedtoshowrecyclinginaverytangibleway,bydevelopingamachinethathelpsustounderstandhoworangescanbeusedwellbeyondtheirjuice.Thenextimprovementof“FeelthePeel”mightincludenewfunctions,suchasprintingfabricforclothingfromorangepeels.”12.Whatcanweknowabout“FeelthePeel”machine?A.Itincreasestheoutputoforangejuice.B.Itmakesorangejuicetastebetter.C.Itbanstheuseofsingle-useplastic.D.Itmakessomethingbeyondorangejuice.13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Thereasonforthemachine’spopularity.B.Thewaythemachineworks.C.Thestructureofthemachine.D.Thewaytousethemachine.14.WhatisCarlo’sattitudetothefutureofthemachine?A.Pessimistic. B.Cautious. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OrangeJuicer3DPrintsBioplasticCupsB.ANewFormofOrangePeelsC.DifferentInnovativeProductsAreBeingDesignedD.CarloInventsSeveralRecyclableMachines【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一個(gè)名為“FeelthePeel”的機(jī)器，不僅可以制作新鮮壓榨的橙汁，還可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).(其中一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新來自國(guó)際設(shè)計(jì)公司CarloRattiAssociation的FeelthePeel機(jī)器，這是一種實(shí)驗(yàn)性的圓形果汁棒，不僅可以制作新鮮擠壓的橙汁，還可以用剩下的橙子皮3D打印一個(gè)可回收的生物塑料杯)”可知，F(xiàn)eelthePeel機(jī)器不僅可以制作新鮮壓榨的橙汁，還可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子，它能做出橙汁以外的東西。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Themachinegoeslikemagic.Whenanorderisplaced,theorangesslidedownthetrackstoasqueezer,andthejuiceisthendeposited(使沉積)intoan“orangepeel”bio-plasticcup,readytoenjoy.Meanwhile,thefreshlysqueezedpeelsfalldownatubeandgatheratthebottomofthemachinewheretheyaredried,milledandmixedwithPolylacticAcid,creatingabioplasticmaterialThebioplasticisthenheatedandmeltedintoafilament(細(xì)絲)andthe3Dprinterthencreatesrecyclablebioplasticcups,readytobefilledwithfreshlysqueezedjuice.(這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來很神奇。下單后，橙子沿著軌道滑到擠壓機(jī)上，然后將果汁放入“橙皮”生物塑料杯中，準(zhǔn)備享用。與此同時(shí)，新鮮擠壓的果皮從一根管子里掉下來，聚集在機(jī)器的底部，在那里它們被干燥、研磨并與聚乳酸混合，形成了一種生物塑料材料。然后，生物塑料被加熱并融化成細(xì)絲，3D打印機(jī)生成可回收的生物塑料杯，準(zhǔn)備裝滿新鮮擠壓的果汁)”可知，本段主要介紹了新榨汁機(jī)工作的方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Theprincipleofrecyclingisamustfortoday’sobjects,”saysCarloRatti,“WorkingwithEni,wetriedtoshowrecyclinginaverytangibleway,bydevelopingamachinethathelpsustounderstandhoworangescanbeusedwellbeyondtheirjuice.Thenextimprovementof“FeelthePeel”mightincludenewfunctions,suchasprintingfabricforclothingfromorangepeels.”(CarloRatti說：“回收利用的原則對(duì)當(dāng)今的物品來說是必須的。我們與埃尼集團(tuán)合作，通過開發(fā)一臺(tái)機(jī)器，幫助我們了解如何在果汁之外使用橙子，試圖以一種非常有形的方式展示回收利用。FeelthePeel的下一個(gè)改進(jìn)可能包括新功能，例如用橙子皮打印衣服面料?！?”可知，CarloRatti認(rèn)為FeelthePeel可以進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)，讓橙子可以有更多用途，所以CarloRatti對(duì)FeelthePeel持有的是積極樂觀的態(tài)度。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第二段“OnesuchinnovationcomesfrominternationaldesignfirmCarloRattiAssociatiwithits“FeelthePeel”machine,anexperimentalroundedjuicebarthatnotonlymakesfreshlysqueezedorangejuice,butalso3Dprintsarecyclablebioplasticcupwiththeleftoverorangepeels(果皮).(其中一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新來自國(guó)際設(shè)計(jì)公司CarloRattiAssociation的FeelthePeel機(jī)器，這是一種實(shí)驗(yàn)性的圓形果汁棒，不僅可以制作新鮮擠壓的橙汁，還可以用剩下的橙子皮3D打印一個(gè)可回收的生物塑料杯)”可知，文章主要介紹了FeelthePeel機(jī)器，不僅可以制作新鮮壓榨的橙汁，還可以用剩余的橙子皮3D打印出可回收的生物塑料杯子，所以“橙子榨汁機(jī)3D打印生物塑料杯”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.Withoutlanguage,culturewouldnotbepossible.___16___Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist,EdwardT.Hall,inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons,lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted(傳達(dá))bywords.___17___Andpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(隨意的);ithasapurpose.___18___Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.Peoplecomingfromthesameculturesharecommonunderstandingbyusingthesamebodylanguagesuchaseyemanagement,facialexpressions,gestures,andbodymovements.Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.Forexample,“arms”,whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation,areanimportantelementinone’scommunicativeweaponry(武器)inItaly,Spain,andSouthAmerica.InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.___19___InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder-lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.___20___A.Ifyouknowhowtocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountries.B.Inthesecultures,oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlacedinfrontofthebody.C.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunication.D.Languageisnottheonlywaytoexpressourideasandfeelings.E.Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.F.Soyoushouldfirstlearnabouttheirbodylanguagebeforeyoutraveltoothercountries.G.Misuseofbodylanguagecanbeunpleasant.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。肢體語言可以幫助人們傳遞信息，但是同一種姿勢(shì)可能會(huì)因文化不同而產(chǎn)生不同的含義。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Bodymovement,eyecontact,gesture,andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.(身體動(dòng)作、眼神交流、手勢(shì)和面部表情是我們稱之為非語言交流的其他形式的語言。)”可知，主要說明了除了語言還有其他的非語言交流，D項(xiàng)的“nottheonly”為順承關(guān)系，指出了語言不是唯一的交流方式，D選項(xiàng)“語言并不是表達(dá)我們思想和感情的唯一方式。”符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Andpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(隨意的);ithasapurpose.(人們有不同的手勢(shì)來表達(dá)他們的表情。然而，非語言交流，就像交通一樣，不是隨機(jī)的；它是有目的的)”可知，上文主要提到了人們用不同手勢(shì)表達(dá)自己。故C選項(xiàng)“不同的文化有不同的使用非語言交流的方式”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“However,nonverbalcommunication,liketraffic,isnotrandom(隨意的);ithasapurpose.(然而，非語言交流，就像交通一樣，不是隨機(jī)的；它是有目的的)”可知，上文主要提到了非語言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句繼續(xù)提到非語言交流背后的規(guī)則，以及空后“Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.(學(xué)習(xí)不同文化中不同的共同肢體語言規(guī)則對(duì)我們更好地相互理解是非常有用的。)”E項(xiàng)中的“therearecommonrulestoguideitsflow”與上文中的“isnotrandom”相照應(yīng)；its指代上文中的“nonverbalcommunication”。E項(xiàng)中“commonrules”與下文文中的commonrules為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，故E選項(xiàng)“有一些共同的規(guī)則來引導(dǎo)它的流動(dòng)”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.(在非洲，站得太“開放”意味著你的姿勢(shì)可能不合適。)”可知，這里指出非洲文化中應(yīng)使用的正確站姿。本句與上文為順承關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)中的standwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced是不開放的一種姿勢(shì)。B選項(xiàng)“在這些文化中，一個(gè)人應(yīng)該站在前面，兩腳并攏，雙手交叉?！狈险Z境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“InAfrica,standinginatoo“open”fashion,meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.4InculturessuchasAmerica,whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulder-lengthapart,armsatyourside,standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.(在非洲，站得太“開放”意味著你的姿勢(shì)可能不合適?！谙衩绹?guó)這樣的文化中，你經(jīng)常雙腳分開站著，手臂放在身體兩側(cè)，這樣站著可能會(huì)被理解為害羞和沒有安全感)”可知，指出非洲文化和美國(guó)文化中使用的站姿有不同的含義。故F選項(xiàng)“因此，在前往其他國(guó)家/地區(qū)之前，您應(yīng)該首先了解他們的肢體語言。”符合語境，故選F。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.Theydidn’tseemto___21___meuntilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey___22___disappearedintothenearbybushes.Iwasquiteexcitedbythe___23___oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard.Afewweekslater,thebirds___24___again.Ifoundthemcrouching(蹲伏)besideatree.AsI___25___them,theystuckouttheirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶啞地叫)sound.Ididn’tknowwhytheywerecroakingatmeuntilashorttimelaterImadeanamazing___26___thereweretwosmallbirds___27___aroundhappily.AsIinchedtowardsthebirds,___28___nottomakesuddenmovements,theystartedtheircroakingagain,puttingtheirnecksforwardsotheyseemed___29___andmorethreatening.Themotherputthebabybirdsunderherwingsandcarefullycroucheddownoverthemsoherbabieswerewell___30___.IwaswatchingthemwithrespectwhenIsuddenly___31___andfelltotheground.Themothertookthisasa(n)___32___andthefatherracedtowardsme,___33___hiswings.toprotectthemotherandthebabybirds.Ifeltsorrytohavedisturbedthemandleftquickly.Iamamazedbytheir___34___actions.Theirparentallovemadethemsocourageous.Itishardnottoshow___35___fornature.21.A.remind B.notice C.commit D.vary22.A.immediately B.recently C.chemically D.slowly23.A.barrier B.sense C.idea D.opinion24.A.posed B.removed C.expanded D.appeared25.A.brokedown B.summedup C.walkedto D.gaveup26.A.discovery B.collection C.warning D.boundary27.A.fighting B.jumping C.digesting D.trialing28.A.careful B.curious C.angry D.bored29.A.neater B.healthier C.longer D.stronger30.A.fed B.adjusted C.hidden D.educated31.A.tripped B.adopted C.approved D.forecasted32.A.target B.threat C.wire D.theme33.A.shooting B.obeying C.folding D.spreading34.A.academic B.brave C.scary D.average35.A.gratitude B.emotion C.respect D.silence【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.C31.A32.B33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者在家門口發(fā)現(xiàn)筑巢的小鳥，并感嘆父母保護(hù)孩子的本能，體會(huì)到敬畏大自然的道理?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們似乎沒有注意到我，直到我走到它們的正前方，它們才立刻消失在附近的灌木叢中。A.remind使想起；B.notice注意到；C.commit犯罪；D.vary變化。根據(jù)下文中的“untilIwasrightinfrontofthemandthenthey______disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，作者到了他們前面，他們才飛走，說明他們沒有“注意到”作者。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它們似乎沒有注意到我，直到我走到它們正前方，它們才立刻消失在附近的灌木叢中。A.immediately立刻，馬上；B.recently最近；C.chemically用化學(xué)；D.slowly慢慢地。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文中的“disappearedintothenearbybushes.”可知，鳥發(fā)現(xiàn)人，應(yīng)是“立刻”飛走，消失在樹叢中。故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩只特別的鳥在我的院子里筑巢的想法讓我很興奮。A.barrier障礙；B.sense意義；C.idea想法；D.opinion觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文中的“Iwasquiteexcited”和下文中的“oftwospecialbirdsmakinganest(巢)inmyyard”可知，兩只特殊的鳥在院子里筑巢，這應(yīng)是作者的一個(gè)“想法”，這想法讓作者很興奮。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，這些鳥又出現(xiàn)了。A.posed發(fā)布；B.removed清除；C.expanded擴(kuò)大；D.appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文中的“Lastyearinearlysummer,IwaswalkingtomyhousewhenIsawtwolargebirdsstandinginmyyard.”和“Afewweekslater,thebirds”可知，此處指的是作者幾周前見到的兩只鳥“出現(xiàn)”了。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走近它們時(shí)，它們伸出腦袋，發(fā)出呱呱的聲音。A.brokedown出故障；B.summedup總結(jié)；C.walkedto走向；D.gaveup放棄。根據(jù)下文中的“theirheadsandmadeacroaking(嘶啞地叫)sound.”可知，作者靠近鳥們時(shí)，鳥們發(fā)出嘶啞的叫聲。故選C。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道他們?yōu)槭裁磳?duì)我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一個(gè)驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)：有兩只小鳥快樂地跳來跳去。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.collection收藏；C.warning警告；D.boundary邊界。根據(jù)下文中的“thereweretwosmallbirds______aroundhappily.”可知，有兩只小鳥跳來跳去，由此可知，這是作者的一個(gè)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道他們?yōu)槭裁磳?duì)我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一個(gè)驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)：有兩只小鳥快樂地跳來跳去。A.fighting戰(zhàn)斗；B.jumping跳起；C.digesting消化；D.trialing跟蹤。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及下文中的happily可知，此處應(yīng)為小鳥快樂地“跳來跳去”符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我小心翼翼地挪向鳥兒時(shí)，它們又開始叫了起來，脖子向前伸著，顯得更強(qiáng)壯，更有威脅性。A.careful小心的；B.curious好奇的；C.angry生氣的；D.bored無聊的。根據(jù)上文中的“AsIinchedtowardsthebirds”可知，作者謹(jǐn)慎移動(dòng)，所以此處為“小心翼翼的”符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我小心翼翼地挪向鳥兒時(shí)，它們又開始叫了起來，脖子向前伸著，顯得更強(qiáng)壯，更有威脅性。A.neater更整潔的；B.healthier更健康的；C.longer更長(zhǎng)的；D.stronger更強(qiáng)大的。根據(jù)上文中的“theyst