07非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空口訣記憶與變式精練原卷版

07實(shí)詞之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一非謂語(yǔ)的判斷在06專(zhuān)題中，我們提及到了語(yǔ)法填空中動(dòng)詞的做題方法?？谠E如下：填動(dòng)詞，看謂語(yǔ)。有謂語(yǔ)填非謂語(yǔ)，先看主被動(dòng)，再看定義，最后看完成；無(wú)謂語(yǔ)，填謂語(yǔ)，看三態(tài)，情態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。所以，當(dāng)句子中已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞就不能按照謂語(yǔ)的做題方法進(jìn)行，此時(shí)就要考慮非謂語(yǔ)，但筆者同時(shí)也要提醒各考生：當(dāng)括號(hào)里所給動(dòng)詞有相應(yīng)的詞性變形時(shí)，要考慮先變形。我們看下例：Hereare22modelsofthecarrierrocketsin10(serve)inChina,16ofwhichareintheLongMarchfamily.本題中，serve就有相應(yīng)的名詞變法service，也可以變成非謂語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)，那么我們就要思考：本空缺少in這個(gè)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)，那么serve有名詞變法，則直接填名詞做賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)該動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有相應(yīng)詞性變形時(shí)，我們就要使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，顧名思義，該動(dòng)詞除了不能做謂語(yǔ)，可以充當(dāng)其余任何句子成分。但從詞性上來(lái)說(shuō)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依然屬于動(dòng)詞，所以也要從及物動(dòng)詞/不及物動(dòng)詞/雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞三個(gè)角度去考慮，因?yàn)樯婕暗搅朔侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否有賓語(yǔ)，帶幾個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，以此判斷句子是否完整，這關(guān)乎到連詞的判斷。接下來(lái)我們按照口訣來(lái)分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的做法。我們來(lái)看幾個(gè)特例來(lái)判斷以下謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)：There（be）twolargehuamoenterprisesand12cooperativesinWenxi，withmorethan1，000localsworkingforthem,theannualoutputvaluehasreached10millionyuansofar.分析：本句中，已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasreached，且無(wú)連詞，所以be一定要變形成非謂語(yǔ)的形式。又因?yàn)闉楠?dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用being。

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I

(amaze)bythecoexistenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.

分析：visit和amaze都是動(dòng)詞，首要分析整句中有沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。was是謂語(yǔ)，但是是how引導(dǎo)的從句謂語(yǔ)，所以整句中缺少謂語(yǔ)，而如果visit是謂語(yǔ)，則缺少主語(yǔ)，所以要讓amaze充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，此刻要分析三態(tài)：沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，amaze作為及物動(dòng)詞，缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以一定是被動(dòng)。最后分析時(shí)態(tài)，這是最容易出錯(cuò)的地方，前面出現(xiàn)了overthelast10years，所以大部分考生會(huì)填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但事實(shí)上是，這個(gè)標(biāo)志詞是非謂語(yǔ)visit的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以visit要填havingvisited。而amaze作為謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞，分析時(shí)間和狀態(tài)，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填wasamazed。二先看主被動(dòng)——非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)判斷同謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一樣，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也有主被動(dòng)之分，謂語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)形式為bedone；而非謂語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)形式基本型為done，以此延伸出來(lái)tobedone和beingdone兩種形式?？忌鶗?huì)使用翻譯法去判斷主被動(dòng)，但事實(shí)上，主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要取決于動(dòng)詞是否及物以及句子的翻譯。筆者總結(jié)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的判斷口訣如下：及物動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，有賓語(yǔ)則一定不是被動(dòng)（雙賓語(yǔ)除外）不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若只有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，一定是被動(dòng)邏輯主語(yǔ)判斷非謂語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是其修飾的名詞或代詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子主語(yǔ)，除了獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是前面的賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)：邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成和結(jié)果，此時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)的主謂關(guān)系。它主要是用在下列三類(lèi)動(dòng)詞之后。

表示“感覺(jué)”的動(dòng)詞，主要有see;watch;observe;notice;lookat;feel;find;catch;hear;listento等。例如：Whentheygotthere，theyfoundthehouseburntdown．他們到那兒時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)房子已全部燒毀。（房子已經(jīng)被“燒掉”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。）Iheardthesongsungyesterday.

昨天我聽(tīng)到有人唱了那首歌。（歌被人“唱”。）表示“心理狀態(tài)”的動(dòng)詞：like;think;expect;want;wish等。例如：ThewaitressaskedtheAmericanhowhelikedhissteakcooked.

女服務(wù)員問(wèn)那個(gè)美國(guó)人愿意怎么烹調(diào)牛排。Iwishmyhomeworkfinishedbeforefiveo’clock.我希望5點(diǎn)前完成我的作業(yè)。(作業(yè)被“完成”。)表示“使役”的動(dòng)詞：have;get;leave;keep;make;order等。Don’tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。(事情被“做”。)Theteachercouldn’tmakehimselfpaidattentiontobecausetherewastoomuchnoiseoutside.

老師無(wú)法讓?zhuān)▽W(xué)生）集中注意力，因?yàn)橥饷嫣沉?。（指老師本人不能被學(xué)生“注意”。）使役動(dòng)詞have接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種意義，具體指那種意義，要根據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定。過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)讓他人完成的。1)I’llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。（雖然頭發(fā)被理，但這里指主語(yǔ)“我”讓理發(fā)師理發(fā)。）2)過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作是指主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)歷的一件不好的事情。Hehadhislegbrokenwhenhewasplayingfootballyesterday.

他昨天打足球的時(shí)候，腿被摔斷了?，F(xiàn)在我們通過(guò)高考真題案例來(lái)分析主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Shanghaimaybethe4(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace.分析：填動(dòng)詞，看謂語(yǔ)，本句中已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞maybe，所以recognize作定語(yǔ)，但它沒(méi)有形容詞形式，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。先判斷它與修飾詞之間的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系為被動(dòng)，“被公認(rèn)的小籠包之鄉(xiāng)”，所以被動(dòng)，用recognized。（2023年全國(guó)乙）FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong1royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully2(build)systemofringroads.分析：填動(dòng)詞看謂語(yǔ)，本句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is，所以build在無(wú)形容詞變化的前提下用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)修飾system，分析build和system的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)，所以填built。tobedone和beingdone已經(jīng)判斷出是被動(dòng)，但是表示將會(huì)被，用tobedone；表示正在，用beingdone介詞后只能用beingdone遇到只能接doing或者todo的動(dòng)詞，只能用beingdone/tobedone例題：Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.分析：本句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have，所以lift在沒(méi)有其他變形的前提下使用非謂語(yǔ)形式。先判斷主被動(dòng)：lift在這里做them的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與them形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即them被lift，所以用被動(dòng)。又因?yàn)椋琣llow的用法為allowsbtodosth，所以要用不定式的被動(dòng)tobelifted。Thetopic__________(discuss)nowhasdrawnsomeexperts’attention.分析：本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasdrawn，而discuss的名詞discussion只能在句子中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，不符合空的成分，所以只能使用discuss的非謂語(yǔ)形式。先判斷主被動(dòng)：discuss的邏輯主語(yǔ)是topic，所以話(huà)題被討論，用被動(dòng)。又因?yàn)閚ow是非謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志，使用進(jìn)行狀態(tài)，所以用beingdiscussed。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)1)不定式toblame,tolet用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Whoistoblame?該怪誰(shuí)呢？(2)某些“be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Yourwritingisimpossibletoread.

你的書(shū)寫(xiě)沒(méi)法認(rèn)。①這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)是句子主語(yǔ)就是其后不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，按理說(shuō)其中的不定式要用被動(dòng)形式，但習(xí)慣上卻要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。這類(lèi)形容詞常見(jiàn)的有awkward,convenient,dangerous,difficult,easy,hard,impossible,interesting,nice,pleasant,safe,tough,tricky,unpleasant等。②有時(shí)形容詞后跟有名詞，在名詞后用作定語(yǔ)的不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Itisapleasantthingtoremember.

這是一件值得記住的愉快的事。(3)不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如have,havegot,get,want,need等)的賓語(yǔ)后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，則要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Iwanttogetsomethingtoread.

我想找點(diǎn)東西閱讀。如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式，比較：Ihavesomethingtotype.

我有些東西要打(字)。(指自己打字)Ihavesomethingtobetyped.

我有些東西要打(字)。(指請(qǐng)人打字)(4)不定式用于某些雙賓動(dòng)詞(如give,show,buy,lend,get等)的直接賓語(yǔ)后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是直接賓語(yǔ)前的間接賓語(yǔ)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Givemesomemagazinestoread.

給我?guī)妆倦s志看。如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是直接賓語(yǔ)前的間接賓語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式，比較：Hewillshowyouthepathtotake.

他將告訴你走什么道路。(5)涉及副詞enough和too的主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。在too…todosth和…enoughtodosth這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子主語(yǔ)與其后不定式為todosth被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(但也可直接用被動(dòng)式)：Thewritingistoofainttoread[toberead].

這筆跡太模糊，看不清。Theseboxesarenotstrongenoughtouse[tobeused]asaplatform.

這些箱子不夠牢，不能用作站臺(tái)。(7)beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：Inall,thebookisworthreading.

總之，這本書(shū)值得一讀。與worth相似的worthy卻不一樣，其后不接動(dòng)名詞而接不定式(若接動(dòng)名詞則其前應(yīng)有介詞of)，且要用被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義：Thisbookisworthytoberead[ofbeingread].

這本書(shū)值得一讀。(8)在need,want,require等少數(shù)表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義：Theplantswantwateringeveryday.

這些花草得天天澆水。同步練習(xí)1．Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,andgoingtohearit(perform)liveisquiteanother.2．Themuseum(build)nowwillbeopentothepublicinsixmonths.3．Makesurethedocument(download)nowissafeenough.4．Thebuilding(repair)isourlibrary.5．Itremains(see)whetherornottheywillaccepttheoffer.6．ItwasnotuntilIlosttheopportunity(admit)tomydreamuniversitythatIrealizedtheimportanceoftreasuringyouth.7．Hehurriedhome,only(tell)hisparentshadleftforGuangDongProvince.8．Hisoptimisticpersonalitydeserves(praise)．9．“Ijustdidn’twanttheboy(hurt),”saidHenry.10．Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.11．Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready(lay)forameal.12．Ibenefitalotfromthecolumn(intend)forteenagersinterestedinwesterncultures.13．(concern)aboutyourillness,we’dliketoknowhowyouarefeelingnow.14．WiththeArtsFestival(approach),morethan50shows(select)fromalloverthecountrywillbeperformedinthetheaters.15．Theman(recognize)asanoutstandingengineervolunteeredtohelp.16．Ourmonitorwassittinginthelibrary,withherhead(bury)inthebookinherhands.17．(mit)tosupportingthestudentsseekingjobs,wewilldosomeactions.18．As(expect),helosthisjob.19．(equip)withtherelevantknowledgeandskills,hehasstrongfaithinfindingagoodjob.20．(inspire)byhisinspiringwords,Iintendedtostudyhardtorealizemydream.三再看定義——todo和doing的判斷不定式todo有如下用法表示目的，去做：充當(dāng)句子的目的狀語(yǔ)/原因/結(jié)果only+todo表示出乎意料的結(jié)果充當(dāng)句子的定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞。此時(shí)需要注意，如果是不及物的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，那么需要帶上相應(yīng)的介詞。且此刻不定式可以與被修飾的名詞形成主謂/動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Givehimsomethingtoeat.動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Hewasthelastonetoleave.主謂關(guān)系充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)：譬如形式主語(yǔ)/形式賓語(yǔ)it真正的主/賓用不定式充當(dāng)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)只能用todo作賓語(yǔ)的情況同意提出做計(jì)劃，要求答應(yīng)來(lái)幫忙。準(zhǔn)備決定遭拒絕，敢于選擇有希望。不能做到莫假裝，設(shè)法做成決心堅(jiān)。agree(同意)；offer(提出)；intend，plan(打算，計(jì)劃)；demand，ask(要求)；promise(答應(yīng))；help(幫忙)；prepare(準(zhǔn)備)；decide(決定)；refuse(拒絕)；dare(敢于)；choose(選擇)；wish，hope，want，expect(希望，想要)；fail；（不能；忘記）；pretend(假裝)；manage(設(shè)法)；determine（決心）。doing有兩個(gè)含義，動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，有如下用法動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)：可以直接作主語(yǔ)，也可以用形式主語(yǔ)it構(gòu)成句型：It's+nogood(nouse,fun,apleasure,awasteoftime)+doing…做表語(yǔ)，表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，或者表示某個(gè)狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)特征做定語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作主動(dòng)發(fā)生現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)。（除了獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）只能用doing作賓語(yǔ)，我們記憶以下口訣考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡難以忍受始反對(duì)，想要成功堅(jiān)持忙習(xí)慣放棄有困難，導(dǎo)致專(zhuān)心防道歉。解析：（記住口訣中對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞）第一句包含的動(dòng)詞有：consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon,第二句包含的動(dòng)詞有：admit,delay/putoff,fancy（想像，想要）,第三句包含的動(dòng)詞有：avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice第四句句包含的動(dòng)詞有：deny（否認(rèn)，拒絕）,finish,enjoy/appreciate（欣賞）,第五句包含的動(dòng)詞有：forbid,imagine,risk（冒險(xiǎn)）第六句包含的動(dòng)詞有：can'thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape.第七句包含的動(dòng)詞有：can'tstand(難以忍受），setabout開(kāi)始，著手，objectto（反對(duì)）,第八句包含動(dòng)詞有：feellike（想要），succeedin(成功)，stickto(堅(jiān)持)，insist

on（堅(jiān)持，強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)決要求），bebusy(in)（忙于做某事）第九句包含的動(dòng)詞有：beused/accustomedto(習(xí)慣于…)，giveup（放棄）,havedifficulty/trouble(in),（做某事有困難）第十句包含的動(dòng)詞有：leadto（導(dǎo)致）,devoteto（將…奉獻(xiàn)給；把…專(zhuān)用于）prevent……from……（預(yù)防，防止），apologizefor（為……道歉）,此外，haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in),spendtime(in),thankyoufor,payattentionto,aimat目的在于，旨在；瞄準(zhǔn)；企圖,accuse…of…控告；譴責(zé)，getdownto（開(kāi)始認(rèn)真處理，對(duì)待）,etc.既能接不定式，又能接動(dòng)詞ing形式，但意思不同的動(dòng)詞或詞組：即“四'記’”“力爭(zhēng)”“停后悔”?！八挠洝敝浮坝浀?、記?。╮emember）”；“忘記（forget）”“計(jì)劃、打算（mean）”；“繼續(xù)（goon，continue)”Remembertodo,forgettodo,regret（后悔）todo指還沒(méi)有去做…事Rememberdoing，forgetdoing,regretdoing指…..已經(jīng)做了某事“力爭(zhēng)”指“try”；trytodo指接近全力去做…；trydoing指嘗試做…Meantodo打算做…Meandoing意味著…..“?！薄昂蠡凇敝竤top與regret。Stopdoing指停止做此事….，stoptodo指停下來(lái)去做另一件事.練習(xí)1．Lostinsuchaforest,hecoulddonothingbut(wait)patientlyforhelp.2．Idon’thaveanythingsuitable(wear)fortheparty.3．Thedirectorhadherassistant(pick)upsomehotdogsforthemeeting.4．Asyou’veneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeone(show)youtheway.5．Theteacherdoesn’texpectsuchquestions(discuss)inclass.6．Ourplanfailed,andIwere（blame）forit.7．(tell)thetruth,Itakenointerestinplayingfootballatall.8．Apipelinehasbeenbuilt(supply)someeasternprovinceswithnaturalgasfromthewestofChina.9．Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldlike(express)ourwarmweletoyou.10．Itnowclaimstodeliveraburgerworth$18for$6—inotherwords,(provide)thequalityassociatedwithexpensiverestaurantsatafastfoodprice.Whatmattersbehindthisclaimisthatitschefisarobot.11．Greatimportanceshouldbeattachedtoemotionalormentalproblems(arise)fromaphysicalcause.12．Don’tleavethatmanoverthere(wait)outsideandshowhiminnow.13．Aclassmatetoldmeshehadseenmyfriend(chat)withanothergirlinacaféonSaturdayafternoon.14．Arewardwillbeofferedtoanyonethatprovidestheinformation(lead)tothearrestofthebankrobber.15．(represent)myfellowstudents,Iwouldliketoexpressourgratitudetoyouforeveryeffortyou'veputintoteachingandhelpingus.16．Withuslong(believe)thattalkingplantsarefantasy,newresearchhasrevealedsomethingamazing.17．Withtime(pass)by,thememoryofchildhoodhasfadedaway.18．Wewereallimpressedbythestatueofthehorse(date)backtotheXiadynasty.19．Don’tleavethelights(burn)allnight.Itwillwastetoomuchelectricity.20．When(teach)English,whethertochildrenoradults,youhavetobeverycreativetokeeptheirinterest.四最后看完成——tohavedone/havingdone非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果有完成時(shí)標(biāo)志，則判斷完todo/doing，再用完成時(shí)。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前，也要使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。注意區(qū)分：tohavedone相當(dāng)于將來(lái)完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作還未完成。練習(xí)1．Marypretended(do)herhomeworkandwentouttoplay.2．Iamverypleased(make)friendswithyou.3．Theyoungmanseemed（change）muchovertheyears.4．Theartofcavepaintingsisthought(exist)forthousandsofyears.5．AsastoppingpointonthefamousancientSilkRoad,Loulanisbelieved(cover)overstepbystepbysandstorms.6．Upto1,000extraditioncasesareexpected(deal)withbytheendoftheyear,morethandoublethenumberlastyear,andfourtimesthenumberin2006accordingtofiguresfromtheCityofWestminstermagistratescourt,whichhandlesallextraditionhearings.7．Youaresilly(tell)yoursecrettoRose.Nowmostoftheclassmatesknowthatyoufailedinmaths.8．Theyarebelieved(start)offinthelateQingDynastyasawayforboatmenontheYangtzeRivertokeepwarmduringthecoldandwetwinters.9．Maryfeltverylucky(make)somanyfriendstheseyearsabroad.10．Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialparty(hold)whensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.11．Therearenomorecontinentsandnomoremoons(search)for,littlelefttodiscover.12．(know)allthis,

Istillwanttoseeitinperson.13．(work)inseveralcountries,theyoungmanseemstohavetheexperiencewe’relookingfor.14．Wesawnewhouses(build)whereverwewentonourvisit.15．Thesuggestion(discuss)nowisofgreatvalue.16．(live)abroadformanyyears,theoldmanfinallyreturnedtohishometown.17．Tomacknowledged(defeat)intheEnglishspeechpetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.18．(work)fortwoyears,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.19．(acquire)theadvancedtechnology,theengineersmakefulluseofeverychanceavailable.20．(plete)theprojectasplanned,wewereallowedtwodaysofftohavearest.21．(attack)byterrorists,thetallbuildingcollapsed.22．(tell)manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.23．Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,helookedverypaleandexhausted.24．(show)aroundthefactory,theyweretakentovisitthemuseum.25．(tell)manytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.綜合練習(xí)1．Malaindranoisagiantbaobabtreethatishollowedoutforthestorageofwater,________(exist)inthevillageofAmpotakainMadagascar.2．Afterthedinner,threeofusgotdessertsandInoticedthatmyfriend,Dan,washesitatingabit,seeminglynot________(want)togoasifhewanted,orneeded,ourpany.3．StoriessaytheColosseumwasbuilttoapracticaldesign,withits80archedentrances________(allow)easyaccessto55,000audiences,whowereseatedaccordingtorank.4．Ifthepayoffsareunknown,however,wehaveahardertimegivingthemup.That’swhydoinganactivitycheckissoimportant.Youhavetoactuallytakethetime________(figure)outtheopportunitycosts,gainsofeachandwhattopursueovertheother.5．Whenthekitewasintheair,peoplewouldcutoffthestringyletthepaperkitefloataway,________(symbolize)theflyingawayofdiseases.6．Aspecialtaskforce______(consist)ofseniormedicalexpertsistohelpguidetreatmentinmakeshifthospitals（方艙醫(yī)院）.7．A:Whoisconsidered_____________(be)thefatheroftheputer:CharlesBabbage,AlanTuring,JohnVincentAtanasoff,orJohnvonNeumann?B:Well,theyareallbelieved_____________(make)importantcontributionstoputerscience.8．JackboothadtoteachinBelgium.HispupilsspokeonlyFlemish,andhespokeonlyFrench.Hegavehisstudentsanovel_______(write)inhismothertongueandaFrenchdictionary.9．Hevolunteeredtohelpcontroltraffic,________(donate)anhourofhistimeeveryweek.10．Thepicturequalityaswellasthespecialeffects________（be）farbetter.11．TheartofChinesetraditionalflowerarrangement,originally________(serve)asofferingsattemplesanddecorationsinthepalace,hassurvivedoverthecenturies.12．TheWhiteCanewasintroducedbyanAmericanmancalledGeorgeA．Bonham.Oneday,hewatchedamanwhowasblind________(attempt)tocrossastreet.13．“Thestoryofthisturtlefamily________(attempt)togethomeinthedamagedandchangingoceanisarealityformanyoceancreaturesthatarehavingtheirhabitatsdestroyedduetohumanactivity,”saysactressOliviaColman,whovoicesacharacterinthefilm.14．Manypeoplefindthatemotionscanstimulatethemtoeatwhentheyarenothungry,whichoftenleadsto_________(eat)toomanycaloriesfromfoodsthathavelownutritionalvalue.15．Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldlady_________(seat)bytheroad,_________(look)worried.16．Wesought_________(change)hermindbutsherefused.17．Theresearchersfoundthatlocalefforts____(improve)waterqualityandstopoverfishingdidnotincreasethecoralreefs’chancesofsurvival.18．Thehotweatherispartly________forthewatershortage.(blame).19．Theteamhadgreattrouble_______________(get)totheearthquakestrickenarea.20．Ahugenumberofworks________(paint)bystudentsareondisplay.21．________(present)withtwojoboffers,forinstance,wemaywonderexactlywhatitiswe’rechoosingbetween.22．Weallurgedhim___________(go)aheadwithhisplan.23．Onlywhenhereachedthetea－h(huán)ouse________herealizeitwasthesameplacehe’dbeeninlastyear.24．Hetoldushe_________(watch)TVinsteadofdoinghishomeworkthen.25．Thewater__________(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.26．ButJeff’shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehim_____(put)hishandincoldwater.27．I________(approve)ofwhatyousay,butIwilldefendtothedeathyourrighttosayit.28．（2022·甘肅蘭州·一模AccordingtotheFAO,over155millionpeopleexperiencedseriousfoodinsecurityin2020,thehighestnumberinthepastfiveyears.Thiswascausedbyconflict,extremeweathereventsandeconomicshocks________(relate)toCOVID19.29．Galileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsof________(vary)weightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.30．Afewyearslater,still_____________(attract)tothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.31．Iwasunwillingtotalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnot_________(stay)outwithmyfriendstoolate.32．_________(base)onthewellknownworkofclassicalChinesemythology(神話(huà))TheInvestitureoftheGods,NeZhaisshownasrebellious(反抗的)underdog,whohastooverehardshipandhisdarkfatetobeeahero,_________(like)hisattractiveheroiccharacterinpreviouscinematicworks.33．Thissystemincludessixcamerastodetectholes,rocks,orothermaterials,________(inform)thefarmerwhenanissueneedstobeaddressed.34．Itisahistoricamphitheater,thelargesteverbuilt.________(date)backto70C．E.,itisoneofthebestpreservedruinsfromtheRomanEmpire.35．You’veprobablyheardthatmostCanadianswantgovernmentstodomoreonclimate.That’swhattwothirdsofthepublictellpollsterswhen________(ask).36．DuringtheTangDynasty,around850A．D．,anenterprisingalchemistcreatedamixture,whichhadnoobviouseffectsonlengtheninglife,butdidexplodewithaflashandabangwhen________(expose)toanopenflame.37．In1988,ShichallengedLangwoshathethirdtime.Thistimehewasequippedwithanewlyacquiredtechnique,whichenabledmostoftheplantedtrees,wellover80%,________(survive).38．Apartfromtheopeningceremony,aseriesofexcitingactivitiesarescheduled________(hold)duringthefestival.Intermsoftourism,resourcesoffinescenicspots,ruraltourism,andshoppingtourismarefullyintegrated.39．_______(create)thefilm,GreenpeaceUKteamedupwithAardmanAnimations,aswellasOscarwinningactorsandstars.40．________（remember）allthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.41．________(grow)upintheregionandinfluencedbydiverseethniccultures,sheismittedtotellingXinjiangstoriesthroughherpapercuttingwhileprotectingandpromotingthetraditionalfolkart.42．Geography,_____(define)asthestudyofEarth,hasalwayshadafocusonmaps.Butmappinghasn’talwaysbeeneasy.43．Now,we’reonestepcloserto_________(find)ananswer.AccordingtotheKeplerspacetelescope,abouthalfthestarssimilarintemperaturetoourSuncouldhavearockyplanetcapableofsupportingliquidwateronitssurface.44．Whateveryoudefinesuccess,remember,weareborntolivetheliveswetrulywantanddeserve,butnotjustthelives______(settle)forus.45．Ibelievedthatmotorcycleridersweretoughandleatherwearingloners.Theyseemed__________(look)fortroubleallthetime,usingtheroarofamotorcycleenginetofrightenothersoff.46．MechanicalpencilsarenotonlymoreconvenientthanyourtraditionalTiconderogainthesensethattheyneverneed______(sharpen);theyalsoproducethinner,cleanerlines,whichisextremelyimportantfordrawersanddrafters.47．Onthebackofamotorcycle,__________(place)allyourtrustinsomeonetogetyousafelyhomeisawaytoremindyouofthelovetheyhaveforyou.48．Elysesaid,“Ihavetosayunlesswewantaneducationsystemjust_______(focus)onmakingpeopleconsumersandnotonhelpingthembeproducers,thisemphasisonreadingonlywhichdoeshappeninsomanyplacesisveryshortsighted.”49．Thereport,basedongroupinterviewswith8to12yearolds,showsthatalthoughmostsocialmediasiteshaveanofficialagelimitof13,an________(estimate)75%of10to12yearoldswillhaveasocialmediaaccount.50．Inmanywaysgeographyistheforgottenscience.Eventheword“geography”tendstomakepeoplethinkofstudents_____(label)mapsinsocialstudiesclass.Butthathasn’talwaysbeentrue.51．Intheprologuetohisautobiography,________(entitle)“WhatIHaveLivedFor”,Russellidentifiesthethreepassionsthathavegovernedhislife.52．Astimewenton,Einstein’stheoryproved________(correct).53．_________(face)withtheseriousproblem,heisatalosswhattodo.54．_________(give)anotherchance,theywilldoitmuchbetter.55．________(take)aroundthecity，wewereimpressedbythecity’snewlook.56．Someonesuggested________(send)LiuXiangtotheUSfortreatment.57．Theperformancehadintendedtopleasetheaudienceanddrawtheirattention,only______(greet)withanembarrassedsilence,however.58．_______________(move)bytheplay,thegirlburstintotears.59．Ihaveseveralquestions________(discuss)withyou.60．WhenIwalkedintotheyard,shepretended________(water)theflowers.61．Shewasproud________(take)partinsuchagreatactivityyesterday.62．IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,________(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.63．Happinessislikeasmallstone________(drop)intoapooltocauseacircleofripples.64．________(dress)inafullbodysuitofice,asymbolofpurityandstrength,thepandawearsahelmetwithcoloredhalo(光環(huán))．65．Thefirsthumancaseofmonkeypoxwasrecordedin1970intheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo(DRC)duringaperiodofintensifiedeffort________(get)ridofsmallpox.66．“Ijustdidn’twanttheboy________(hurt),”saidHenry.67．While________(research),wefoundthatshehadsomecharacteristicssimilartoapitbull(比特犬)．68．Hecontactedthedriver,only________(discover)itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.69．Itisnouse______________(reason)withhim.70．Whenhismothercamein,Charliepretended______________(s