新概念英語第二冊+Lesson+43+ Over+the+South+Pole+講義

Lesson43

OvertheSouthPole

Text課文Firstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。Howwastheplaneabletoclearthemountains?

In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.

Newwords生詞pole[p?ul]n.(地球的)極flight[flait]n.飛行explorer[ik'spl?:r?]n.探險家lie[lai]v.處于serious['si?ri?s]a.嚴重的point[p?int]n.地點seem[si:m]v.似乎，好像crash[kr??]v.墜毀sack[s?k]n.袋子clear[kli?]v.越過aircraft['e?krɑ:ft]n.飛機endless['endlis]a.無盡的plain[plein]n.平原

Grammarfocus語法1.In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.美國探險家R.E.伯德在飛越北極三年之后，于1929年第一次成功地飛越了南極。整個句子中包含了2個同位語，threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole作1929的同位語，對這個年份作補充說明。同樣，R.E.Byrd也是Americanexplorer的同位語，說明這個美國冒險家是誰。其實整個句子的主干就是一句話，TheAmericanexplorerflewovertheSouthPole.這個美國探險家飛越了南極。其它的成分都是對這個主干的進一步補充和說明。2.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.雖然開始時伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。整個句子是一個由though引導的讓步狀語從句，Theysoonranintoserioustrouble是主句部分，從句部分是Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow.從句中又包含了一個定語從句，thatlaybelow是對mountains的修飾和限定，哪里的群山，飛機下面的連綿群山。句中beableto表示得以做成，即動作已經(jīng)完成了，Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow.伯德和他的助手們已經(jīng)拍下了飛機下面連綿群山的照片。beableto還可以表示能力，這時候和can的意思一樣。如：Hecanspeaktwoforeignlanguages.=Heisabletospeaktwoforeignlanguages.他會說兩門外語。runintotrouble表示陷入困境，如：Atfirst,thingswentwell,butlateronweranintotrouble.起初事情進展得很順利，但后來我們遇到了困難。3.

Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.

在有個地方，飛機似乎肯定要墜毀了。atonepoint在有個地方，是地點狀語，point指地方。后面的句子中it是形式主語，真正的主語是Theirplanewouldcrash，本來句子的順序是Theirplanewouldcrashseemedcertain.但這么表達會顯得頭重腳輕，所以就用it來作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在了句子的后面。4.

Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.

只有在飛至10000英尺的高度時，它才能飛過這些山頭。這是一個由if引導的條件狀語從句。getover可以表示渡過，也可以表示克服。如：Wewillfindawaytogetoverthedifficulty.我們會找到辦法來克服困難的。1英尺(feet)=0.3048米(meter)，10000英尺=3048米。5.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個沉重的食物袋扔掉。throwout表示扔掉。如：NeedIthrowouttherubbishbag？需要我把這袋垃圾扔掉嗎？6.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.于是飛機可以上升了，它在離山頭400英尺的高度飛越了過去。句中clear作飛越過解釋，clearedthemountains飛越過了群山。句中by表示相差，飛機飛過時的高度與山頂相差400英尺，也就是大約122米。7.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway.伯德這時知道他能夠順利飛抵300英里以外的南極了。這個句子中的主語是Byrd，謂語動詞是knew，that引導的這個句子HewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway.作knew的賓語，所以整個句子是一個賓語從句。然而在這個賓語從句的從句部分又包含一個定語從句，whichwas300milesaway.用來修飾和限定前面的先行詞theSouthPole.說明是300英里以外的南極。1英里≈1.61公里，所以300英里≈483公里。Exercises練習一.Answerthesequestions.1.WhendidtheAmericanexplorer,R.E.ByrdbecomethefirstmantoflyovertheSouthPole?

TheAmericanexplorerR.E.ByrdbecamethefirstmantoflyovertheSouthPolein1929.2.Didhetakealotofphotographsduringtheflightornot?Didherunintodifficultiesornot?(butthen)

Hetookalotofphotographsduringtheflightbutthenheranintodifficulties.3.Couldhisplanegetoverthemountainsornot?Whatdidheorderhismentodo?(so)

Hisplanecouldnotgetoverthemountainssoheorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.4.Didtheplanethenflyoverthemountainsorcrash?Diditcontinuewithoutfurthertroubleornot?(and)

Theplanethenflewoverthemountainsandcontinuedwithoutfurthertrouble.二.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthejoiningwordsinparentheses.1.ByrdstayedintheAntarcticforayear.Hemademanymoreflights.(and)

ByrdstayedintheAntarcticforayearandmademanymoreflights.2.HewentbacktoAmericain1930.HereturnedtoAntarcticain1946.(but)

HewentbacktoAmericain1930buthereturnedtotheAntarcticin1946.3.Thistimehehad4000menwithhim,hehadthirteenshipsandseventeenaeroplanes.(notonly…but…aswell)

Thistimehenotonlyhad4000menwithhimbutthirteenshipsandseventeenaeroplanesaswell.三.Givethecorrectformofcanandbeabletointhisparagraph.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismen

wereableto

takeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.It

could

onlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplane

was

then

ableto

riseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.Byrdnowknewthathe

wouldbeableto

reachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraft

wasableto

flyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.

四.Writeaphrasewithatinplaceofthewordsinitalics.Makeany