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高一英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

一、定語(yǔ)從句

1.定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)及理解

2.定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞的使用

3.定語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化表達(dá)

知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納

(-)定語(yǔ)從句分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:

限定性定語(yǔ)從句:從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行必要的描述或說(shuō)明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句

與先行詞緊密相連。

非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

1.Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.

2.Treeaftertreewentdown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthreemetersdeep.

3.Flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.

4.Theirtalkincludesrhythmandrhymingwordsaswellastonguetwisters,whichoftenmakethe

audienceapplaud.

(二)定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu):在復(fù)合句中,修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞的句子(做這個(gè)名詞或代詞的定

語(yǔ))叫定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面,被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定

語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,它與定語(yǔ)從句之間要有一個(gè)詞連接,這個(gè)詞指代先行詞的內(nèi)容叫做關(guān)系詞

(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞:that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)。先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充

當(dāng)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因狀語(yǔ)。

結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句。

1.Thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.

2.InJapan,someonewhoseesanotherpersonmakingthegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.

3.Athemeparkisacollectionofrides,exhibitionsorotherattractionsthatarebasedonacommon

theme.

4.Theparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsinthe

riversandcoastalwatersofAsia.

5.Visitorscangoonexcitingrideswheretheycanfeelwhatitisliketodothethingstheyhave

seentheirheroesdointhemovie.

6.OprahWinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.

(三)關(guān)系詞前面可以根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容加上一些介詞,這些關(guān)系詞在介詞后面常用which

或whom.

1.TherewasamanwithwhomIwouldhavetoworktogetherandfinallythemanagerofthe

company.

2.Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenes

inwhichpeoplewereeatenbytheshark.

知識(shí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)

(-)當(dāng)先行詞有最高級(jí),序數(shù)詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是an,no,only等形式時(shí),關(guān)系代詞

一般用that,而不能用whicho

1.TheTitanicwasthelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuiltatthattime.

2.Thereisonethingthatkeepsworryingme.

(三)定語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化表達(dá):

1.ThemanwhoissittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.

2.Theletterthatwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomoirow.

3.Thequestionthatisbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.

說(shuō)明:以上的定語(yǔ)從句部分可以用更加簡(jiǎn)單的非謂語(yǔ)形式表達(dá)出來(lái):

1.ThemansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.

2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

3.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.

說(shuō)明:修飾一個(gè)名詞除了后面用定語(yǔ)從句以外,還可以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式:doing短語(yǔ),done

短語(yǔ),beingdone短語(yǔ),tobedone短語(yǔ)修飾。其結(jié)構(gòu)和意思如下:

1.被修飾名詞+doing短語(yǔ):正在做….的人/正在發(fā)生的事。

2.被修飾名詞+done短語(yǔ):被..…的人/事

3.被修飾名詞+beingdone短語(yǔ):正在被.?…的人/事

4.被修飾名詞+tobedone短語(yǔ):將耍被?….的人/事

(1)Doyouknowthemantalkingtomysister?

(2)The"crazy“gesture,movingtheindexfingerinacircleinfrontoftheear,means“youhavea

phonecairinBrazil.

(3)Didyouseethatcarbeingrepaired?

(4)Inacamera,thelensmustbefocusedontheobjecttobephotographed.

(5)Thestudentstoattendthemeetingwillamveheretomorrow.

(6)GoodsimportedfromabroadarenotalwaysbetterthanthosemadeinChina.

(7)TheYellowRiver,saidtobe“themotherriver“runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.

總結(jié):以上做定語(yǔ)的那些短語(yǔ)就是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中所說(shuō)的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語(yǔ)。

1.這些短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在被修飾名詞的后面。如果單獨(dú)一個(gè)V-ing或V-ed形式作定語(yǔ),則可

以放在被修飾名詞前面。

2.分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),其動(dòng)作應(yīng)與全句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。V-ing表示主動(dòng)意義和正在做,V-ed表示

被動(dòng)意義。beingdone表示正在被做的

3.不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將要發(fā)生的,t。bedone表示將要被做的

【典型例題】

[例1]Friendshipisneededbyall,playsanimportantroleinpeople'slives.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.it

分析:playsanimportantroleinpeople'slives為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Friendship

用which連接定語(yǔ)從句。

答案:A

[例2]UncleLiIworkedthreeyearsagohasretirednow.

A.whoB.whomC.withwhomD.towhom

分析:Iworkedthreeyearsago作為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞UncleLi,從句完整的表達(dá)是:

IworkedwithUncleLithreeyearsago.所以關(guān)系詞前應(yīng)加上介詞witho

答案:C

[例3]Isthisthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?

A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained

分析:定語(yǔ)從句atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork修飾先行詞thereason指“他

在會(huì)上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因。先行詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)。答案:A

[例4]Teachers,workisratherhard,arebeingbetterpaidthanbefore.

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose

分析:非限定性定語(yǔ)從句workisratherhard修飾先行詞teachers,它與從句中的work是

從屬關(guān)系,關(guān)系詞用whose

答案:D

[例5]TheOlympicGames,in776BC,didn'tincludedwomenplayersuntil1912.

A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayed

C.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying

分析:公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運(yùn)會(huì),直到1912年才容納女運(yùn)動(dòng)員。in776BC做定

語(yǔ)修飾TheOlympicGames,指過(guò)去的內(nèi)容,表示被動(dòng)。用done做定語(yǔ)。

答案:C

[例6]Thehousesfortheteachersandtheconstructionworkwillstartsoon.

A.builtB.tobebuiltC.tobuildD.beingbuilt

分析:根據(jù)句意房子即將開(kāi)工。fortheteachersandtheconstructionwork修飾Thehouses

應(yīng)為ThehousesThehouses將要為教師和施工修建的房子。

答案:B

[例7]Howmanyofus,ameetingthatisnotimportanttouswouldbeinterestedinthe

discussion?

A.attendedB.attendingC.toattendD.haveattended

分析:根據(jù)句意:比如說(shuō),我們當(dāng)中參加一個(gè)對(duì)我們毫不重要的會(huì)議的人會(huì)有多少人對(duì)這個(gè)

討論感興趣呢?,say,ameetingthatisnotimportanttous修飾Howmanyofus做定語(yǔ)。與

全句動(dòng)作同步.

答案:B

[例8]Shehasthreechildren,isworkinginAustralia.

A.whoB.oneofwhomC.oneofthemD.noneofthem

分析:非限定性定語(yǔ)從句_isworkinginAustralia修飾先行詞threechildren,根據(jù)從句中的is

判斷,是說(shuō):三個(gè)孩子中的一個(gè)在澳大利亞工作。

答案:B

【模擬試題】

1.Susanistheverygirlthegooddeed.

A.whomIthinkdidB.whomIthinkshedid

C.whoIthinkdidD.Ithinkwhodid

2.Luckily,thepoorboyhadenoughmoneyhecouldbuyatrainticket.

A.bywhichB.onwhichC.withwhichD.forwhich

3.Thebookhedevotedmuchtimeistocomeoutnextmonth.

A.whereB.whichC.towhichD.onwhich

4.ThedaycamefinallyIwasgivenanopportunitytoactintheplay.

A.whenB.inthatC.whichD.inwhich

5.1.Don'tyouthinkthequestiontomorrowisofgreatimportance.

A.beingdiscussedB.discussed

C.tobediscussedD.todiscuss

6.Thefoodatthemomentisforthedinnerparty.

A.cookedB.tobecookedC.isbeingcookedD.beingcooked

7.Doyouknowtheteacherunderthebigtree?

A.readB.readsC.readingD.beingread

【試題答案】

1.CSusan正是我認(rèn)為作了好事的那位女孩。先行詞theverygirl在從句中做think的賓語(yǔ),

同時(shí)又是后面賓語(yǔ)從句didthegooddeed.的主語(yǔ),所以關(guān)系詞不能用whom

2.C定語(yǔ)從句hecouldbuyatrainticket.修飾先行詞money:用這筆錢買火車票。關(guān)系詞

前面需要加介詞:with

3.C定語(yǔ)從句hedevotedmuchtime意思是:他把大量的時(shí)間都投入在這本書上了。

devote….tosth.關(guān)系詞前加介詞:to

4.A定語(yǔ)從句Iwasgivenanopportunitytoactintheplay修飾先行詞theday:先行詞the

day在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):在這一天我得到了扮演一個(gè)角色的機(jī)會(huì)。

5.C短語(yǔ)tomorrow做定語(yǔ)修飾thequestion,根據(jù)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容:明天即將被討論的問(wèn)題。

應(yīng)當(dāng)用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)做定語(yǔ)。

6.D短語(yǔ)atthemoment做thefood的定語(yǔ),表示:正在做的食物。Beingdone做定語(yǔ)表

示:正在被……的……。

7.C現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)readingunderthebigtree做定語(yǔ)修飾theteacher表示:正在大樹下看書的

那位老師。

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的推測(cè)表達(dá)

2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣

3.某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法

知識(shí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)總結(jié)

知識(shí)重點(diǎn):

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在表達(dá)推測(cè)意義的句子中的運(yùn)用:

(一)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)事實(shí)的推測(cè)。can,could,might,may,must可以用來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)事實(shí)的

推測(cè)。根據(jù)說(shuō)話人對(duì)事實(shí)的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may/might/can/could表示“可

能...”,must只用于肯定句中,may/might的否定式maynot/mightnot表示“可能不...”,

而can/could可以用于疑問(wèn)句,表示“可能,可能……嗎?”,其否定式can't/couldn't表示"不

可能用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè)。對(duì)不同的時(shí)間內(nèi)容推測(cè)有不同的結(jié)構(gòu)。

(二)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè):

主要結(jié)構(gòu):…must/may/might+動(dòng)詞原形

be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語(yǔ)

be+doing

例句:

1.YoumustbeJeanne.TmMathildeLoisel.Weusedtoknoweachotherverywell.

2.Theymustbeinbedalreadyatthistimeofthenight.

3.Theteachermustbejoking.

4.Fredaisn'tinclass.Shemustbesick.

5.Theremustbesomethingwrong.

6.Shemightbeveryclever,butshehasn'tgotmuchcommonsense.

7.Hemaybearrivingthisevening.

8.Hemaybetravelingaroundtheworld.

9.Thekeyscan'tbeintheroom.Ihavejustsearcheditverycarefully.

10.Canthenewsbetrue?

(三)對(duì)過(guò)去的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè):結(jié)構(gòu):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone/been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語(yǔ)

例句:

1.Mrs.Longmansmusthavebeenaprettygirlinheryouth.

2.Hecouldn'thaveseenAnnayesterday.She'sgoneabroad.

3.1thinkImusthaveleftmyglassesinthelibrary.

4.Hemighthaveoversleptagain.

5.WherecanTomhavegone?

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣:表達(dá)”本來(lái)“不然早就…”。這是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。

表示說(shuō)話人所講的與所發(fā)生的事實(shí)相反。表達(dá)了說(shuō)話人的埋怨,后悔的語(yǔ)氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)是在一

些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加havedone結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)要表達(dá)的意思,有如下結(jié)構(gòu):

shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone:本應(yīng)該...

shouldn'thavedone/oughtn'ttohavedone:本不該...

couldhavedone:本來(lái)可以...

needn'thavedone:本來(lái)沒(méi)必要...

wouldliketohavedone:本來(lái)很想...

wouldrathernothavedone:本來(lái)不愿意...

could/might/havedone:不然早就...

例句:

1.Youshouldn'thavelaughedathismistakes.

2.Youcouldhavetoldusearlier.

3.1oughttohaveboughtthatdictionarylastweek.

4.Yououghtnottohavespentsomuchtimeinreadingnovels.

5.Weneednothavebeeninatearinghurrytocatchthetrain.

6.Theywouldliketohaveseenthatfilmlastfilm.

7.Ifhehadgivenmehisnumber,Icouldhavetelephonedhim.

8.Theymighthavebeenfrozentodeathbutfortherescueintime.

知識(shí)難點(diǎn):

某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法:

need和dare的兩種形式的用法

need和dare可以用做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,后面接不定式(todo)結(jié)構(gòu),在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,加助動(dòng)

詞do/does/did/或dorft/doesrft/didrft。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用時(shí),主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。情

態(tài)動(dòng)詞needn't(沒(méi)有必要,不必)相當(dāng)于don'thaveto

例句:

1.Itiscold,youneedtowearsomewarmclothes.

2.NeedIstayherewithyoufbrawhile?Thankyou,youneedn't.

3.Howdareyouspeaktoparentslikethat?

注意:

句型Idaresay+從句。意思是:我肯定...=I'msure或Thereisnodoubtthat+從句。

例句:

IdaresaythatmyunclewillgetthemoneyifIdie.

will和would

表示“意志”或“愿意”,would則指過(guò)去愿意做...

例句:

1.Hesaidthathewouldhelpus.

2.Youmaytelephoneifyouwillacceptthisjob.

would可以表達(dá)“過(guò)去習(xí)慣做……”類似于"usedtodo”

例句:

1.Whenwewerechildren,wewouldgoswimmingeverysummerinthatriver.

表示請(qǐng)求,固定的句型:Will/Wouldyoupleasedo...?/Wouldyouliketodo...?

彳列句:Will/Wouldyoupleasegivehimamessagewhenyouseehim?

shall

1.用于第一,三人稱,表示“請(qǐng)求”;“建議”或“推薦”

例句:

1.Shallwestartthemeetingnow?

2.ShallIwatchTVnow?

3.Shallmysoncarrythecaseforyou?

2.用于第二人稱,表示“命令,”要求”,"許諾”

例句:

1.Youshalltakewhateveryoulike.

2.Youshallnotgotothepartywithmeifyoumakesomuchnoiseagain.

在表示推測(cè)的否定句或疑問(wèn)句中,常用can/can'/could/couldn't表示,意思是:“可能...嗎?”;

“…不可能…而不能使用mustn't或must等詞。

【典型例題】

1.—Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavor?

—AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.Hebepreparedtogiveyouahand,

though.

A.mightB.mustC.canD.should

分析:本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞推測(cè)性用法。根據(jù)heisthelastonetohelpothers.(他是最不可能幫

助別人的人),既然如此,那么“幫助你”的可能性也就最小了。答案為A

2.一Look,someoneiscoming.Guesswhoitbe?

—Ithinkit___beTom.

—Idon'tthinkit__be.

A.can;must;can;heB.may;can;must;him

C.must;can;must;hisD.might;must;can;himself

分析:根據(jù)備選答案。can表示推測(cè)時(shí)用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中。本題首句就應(yīng)該是Guesswho

canitbe?第二句應(yīng)該是IthinkitmustbeTom.(說(shuō)話人十分肯定)。第三句表達(dá)了說(shuō)話人對(duì)前

一個(gè)人的否定。BP:Idon,tthinkitcanbehim/he.(不可能是他)。答案為A

3.—DoyouknowMs.Wanglikeswalkingaftersupper?

一Sure.Shearoundthecampusnow.

A.mustbewalkingB.mustwalk

C.maywalkD.maybewalking

分析:關(guān)鍵詞Sure告訴我們說(shuō)話人的口氣十分肯定。根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境:她此刻肯定正在校園散

步呢。mustbedoing表示肯定正在做。答案為A

4.一IstayedatahotelinNewYork.

一Oh,didyou?YouwithBarbara.

A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldsayD.musthavestayed

分析:首句說(shuō):我在紐約住在一家賓館里。在此ahotel是泛指。所以D選項(xiàng)不合題意。第二

句在說(shuō):你本來(lái)可以和Barbara.住在一起的。Couldhavedone表示:本來(lái)可以。答案為A

5.Whydidn'tyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?Iallthewayherethroughtheheavy

snow.

A.needn'thavedrivenB.can'thavedriven

C.mustn'thavedrivenD.shouldn'thavedriven

分析:根據(jù)句意:你為什么不告訴我今天沒(méi)有會(huì)?我本來(lái)沒(méi)必要冒著大雪開(kāi)車跑這么多路。

Needrfthavedone表示本來(lái)沒(méi)必要。答案為A

6.1wasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youhomewithoutaword.

A.mustn'tleaveB.shouldn'thaveleft

C.couldn'thaveleftD.needn'tleave

分析:根據(jù)句意:我真的很擔(dān)心你,你真不應(yīng)該一句話都不說(shuō)就離開(kāi)家?!半x開(kāi)家”已經(jīng)發(fā)生

ToShouldhavedone正好表達(dá)了本句的意思。答案為B

7.A:AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty?

B:I'mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.

A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might

分析:根據(jù)B的回答:我不一定去,我有可能去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。Might表示推測(cè):可能。答案為

D

8.A:Ipromisethatshegetanicepresentonherbirthday.

B:Willitbeabigsurprisetoher?

A.shouldB.mustC.wouldD.shall

分析:A說(shuō):“我答應(yīng)她在生日聚會(huì)上她會(huì)得到一份生日禮物。shall表示許諾。答案為D

【模擬試題】

1.A:IsJohncomingbytrain?

B:Heshould,buthenot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.

A.mustB.canC.needD.may

2.Mr.Whiteat8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn'tshowup.

A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive

C.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving

3.Sorry,Tmlate.Ihaveturnedoffthealarmandgonetosleepagain.

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

4.Youbetired一You'veonlybeenworkingfbranhour.

A.mustnotB.won'tC.can'tD.maynot

5.—Ididn'tgotoworkyesterdayafternoonbecausemycarbrokedown.

—Youmine.Iwasn'tusingit.

A.mightborrowB.couldhaveborrowed

C.canhaveborrowedD.oughttoborrow

6.一Amanansweredthephone.Isupposeitwasherhusband.

—Itherhusband.Hehasbeendeadforages.

A.mustn'tbeB.couldn'thavebeen

C.maynothavebeenD.mustn'thavebeen

【試題答案】

1.分析:根據(jù)B的回答“他應(yīng)該(坐火車來(lái)),但是也不一定,他喜歡開(kāi)自己的車。本題考查

了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的推測(cè)用法。may表示不十分有把握的推測(cè)。答案為D

2.分析:根據(jù)句意:White先生本應(yīng)該在8:30到這里出席會(huì)議的,可他(在8:30)沒(méi)有到場(chǎng)。

Shouldhavedone表示:本應(yīng)該。答案為A

3.分析:本句是說(shuō)話人在解釋遲到的原因:我或許是關(guān)掉鬧鐘又睡了。mighthavedone表示

對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè):可能已經(jīng)……答案為A

4.分析:根據(jù)后半句You'veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(你才剛干了一個(gè)小時(shí))說(shuō)明You

betired(你不可能很累),can,t表示“不可能”答案為C

5.分析:聽(tīng)到對(duì)方說(shuō)“昨天車壞了而沒(méi)去上班”,第二個(gè)人說(shuō)“你本來(lái)可以借我的車去上班?!北?/p>

來(lái)可以/能:couldhavedone.答案為B

6.分析:第二個(gè)人是說(shuō):那個(gè)人不可能是她丈夫,因?yàn)樗煞蛞呀?jīng)去世多年了。根據(jù)對(duì)話的

語(yǔ)境,是在談?wù)撨^(guò)去的事,表示過(guò)去不可能:couldnothavedone答案為:B

三、與it有關(guān)的主要句型

it強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納:

(一)it用做形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ):根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,it用做形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),而真

正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(todo短語(yǔ),doing短語(yǔ),名詞性從句)則放在句尾。

主要句型:

Ifs+形容詞/名詞+連詞+名詞性從句

todosth.

doingsth.

find/make/think/feelit+形容詞/名詞+連詞+名詞性從句

todosth.

doingsth.

例句:

1.ItwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

2.It'susualforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs.

3.IfsapitythatIdidn'tthinkofitearlier.

4.It'snousegoingtheresoearly.

5.Outteacherthinksitnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.

6.Didn'tImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?

7.Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.

(二)其他句型

1.Ittakes+時(shí)間段+sb.+todosth.

2.表示“據(jù)說(shuō),據(jù)報(bào)道,/人們認(rèn)為/相信/建議等

It'ssaidthat........

It'sreportedthat.......

It'sbelieved/thought/suggestedthat.......

例句:

1.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint-beingonthesamewavelength.

2.Itisbelievedthatthetwochildrenwentoffexploring(探險(xiǎn))ontheirownandgetstuckonthe

cliff.

3.Ifssuggestedthatweshouldhaveameetingtodiscusstheproblem.

4.Itwasoncepredicted(預(yù)測(cè))thatBritishandAmericanEnglishwouldbecomeseparatelanguages

finally.

(三)it在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中:在英語(yǔ)中,為了突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一個(gè)成分(謂語(yǔ)除外),達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)

或使聽(tīng)話人特別注意這一部分的目的。便形成了一種強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。

Itis/wasnotuntil+時(shí)間+that+句子的其他部分。

例句:

1.1sawJohnonmywaytoschoolthismorning.

ItwasJohnwho/thatIsawonmywaytoschoolthismorning.

ItwasonmywaytoschoolthatIsawJohnthismorning.

ItwasthismorningthatIsawJohnonmywaytoschool.

2.ItwashisbestsuitthatJohnworetothedancelastnight.

3.Itwasnotuntil1920thatregularradiobroadcastbegan.

4.Itwasthestrangewaythingslookedandsoundedinmyfamiliarroomatnightthatfrightenedme

somuch.

5.Itwasthekindnessandsympathyintheireyesthatpreventedmefromdoingso.

知識(shí)難點(diǎn):

(-)注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的變形,即以一般疑問(wèn)句或特殊疑問(wèn)句的形式出現(xiàn)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

1.WhatisitthatJoecan'tfindinthebathroom?

2.WherewasitthatyoumettheforeignguestsfromAustralia?

3.1can'tquiterememberwhenitwasthatwemarried.

4.Wasitbecausehewasveryillthatheaskedforleave?

(二)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還是that主語(yǔ)從句或其他復(fù)合句

1.ItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

2.Itisthesepoisonousproductsthatcancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheand

achingmuscles.

3.Itwasalmostteno'clockwhenoursoldierscamebackfromthefront.

4.Wasitinthisplacethatthelastkingdied?

(三)注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分帶有定語(yǔ)從句

WasitattheairbattleonJune8,1944,whichwasledbyCaptainJohnsonthatPeterlosthislife.

【典型例題】

一.單項(xiàng)選擇:

1.1don'tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemory.

A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it

分析:本題考查it做形式賓語(yǔ)的句型。“我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有大量的記憶掌握一門外語(yǔ)是不可能的?!?/p>

故選擇D

2.Doesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?

A.thisB.thatC.heD.it

分析:本題考查it做形式主語(yǔ)的句型:如果他沒(méi)能按時(shí)完成工作的話,這很要緊嗎?故選擇

D

3.Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn'thelp.

A.heB.whichC.sheD.it

分析:本題考查it的代詞用法。It指上一句的內(nèi)容:Tom的母親始終告訴他應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。故

選擇D

4.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

分析:本題考查it做形式主語(yǔ)的句型:英語(yǔ)正在作為一種國(guó)際性語(yǔ)言被接受是一個(gè)事實(shí)。選

擇D

5.Itwasinthesmallhouse___wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather___hespe

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