東營(yíng)一中高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題VIP

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2019-2020學(xué)年山東省東營(yíng)一中高二（下）期中英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分7。5分）第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1。5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置.聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.1。Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Fatheranddaughter.B。Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates。2。Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Drivingacar。B。Crossingthestreet.C。Ridingabus。3.Whatisthewoman’scoatprobablymadefrom？A。Man﹣madematerial。B。Wool。C.Cotton.4.Howlongwillittaketogettothedentistbybus？A。5minutes。B.10minutes。C25minutes.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？A.ATVremotecontrol。B。Clothingbuttons.C。ATVchannel。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.（1）Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？A。Inthewoman'soffice.B。Intheman’shouse.C。Inawarehouse。（2）Whatwillthewomanbedoing？A。Cleaning。B。Organizingshelves.C。Recordingthedata.7。（1）Whatistheman’sopinionofhissewingclass？A.Hethinksit'sawasteoftime.B。Hethinksitbuildscharacter.C。Hethinkseveryoneshouldlearnit。（2）Whatdidthewomanchooseforherproject?A.Aneckpillow。B.Astuffedtoy。C.Apurse.8.（1)Whatwaslifeonthenearbyplanetlikeaccordingtotheman？A.Animals.B。Cells。C。Plants.（2)Whendoesthewomanthinkotherplanetswillcommunicatewithusprobably？A。In25years.B.In50years.C.In100years。（3）Howdoesthemanthinkwewillhearfromotherplanets？A.Byrockets.B。Bycomputers。C.Bytelescopes.9.(1)Whatwasthemanprobablydoingatthebeginning?A.Readingamagazine。B.WatchingaTVshow。C。Doingsomecleaning。（2)WhendidthewomanfirstuseAItoday？A.Whenshedrovehercar.B。Whenshewokeupwithheralarm.C。WhensheboughtsomethingsontheInternet。（3)Whatdidtheman'sparentsjustget？A.Anewcarwithspecialcameras。B。Apieceofcleaningequipment.C。Asmartwatch。（4）HowdoesthewomanreacttotheRoombaintheend？A.Sheisuninterested.B.Sheisamused。C。Sheisamazed.10.（1）Whatcausedtheholestoform？A.Humans.B.Avolcanoeruption。C。Globalwarming.(2）Whendoesthelakebegintofill?A.Inthespring。B。Inthesummer.C。Inthefall。（3）Whathappenstothewater？A。Itdisappearsforever。B.Itfloodsthehighways.C.Itappearsinthevalleybelowagain。（4)Whatdoweknowfromthetalk？A。Expertsthinkit’sbetternottofilltheholes。B."LostLake"isformedduetoglobalwarming.C.ThestateofOregonisfamousfordeadvolcanoes.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Courses&CurriculumoftheCollegeofArts＆SciencesinCornellThediversityofthecoursesyoucantakeintheCollegeofArts＆Sciencesisextraordinary：AcademicDistributionRequirementsTheCollege’sacademicdistributionrequirementswillinclude：effectivewriting;foreignlanguagebeyondtheintroductorylevel；imaginativeandcriticalthinking。Tochooseyourcoursesforasemester,usetheClassRoster。Itshowsthescheduleofallclassesofferedinaparticularterm,alongwithclassenrollmentinformationandcoursedetails。TheClassRosterisupdatedfrequently。ToplanyourclassesoveryourfouryearsatCornell，usetheCoursesofStudy。ItrepresentsCornell’sfullcatalogofcoursesandispublishedannually.ItprovidesinformationonCornelldegreeprograms，requirements,policiesandprocedures.Ifyouneedhelp,call607-255—5004foranappointmentwithanadvisingdean.OrcontactacareercounselorintheArts&SciencesCareerDevelopmentCenterat607-255-4166totalkaboutyourinterestsandhowtheycantranslateintoamajorandafuturecareer.ANewCurriculumOnOctober30，2018,theCollegeofArts＆Sciencesfaculty（教員）approvedanewundergraduatecurriculumtobecarriedoutoverthenexttwotothreeyears。Thenewcurriculumfocusesonthethemeofexplorationandreaffirmsthecollege’scommitmenttoaliberalartsandscienceseducation.StudentswhohavequestionsaboutthenewcurriculumcanviewtheapprovedproposalontheCourseDesignerappofCornell.InnovativeLearningIfyou’reoneofthe3，000studentsacrosstheuniversitytakingbiologyorphysicsattheCollege,youmaybepartofaninnovative（創(chuàng)新的）classroomprojectthatusesactivelearning，anewmodelthatisprovingtobethequickestpathtoexpert-levelmastery。YoureducationatCornellwillextendfarbeyondtheclassroom.Youcanjoinafacultymember’sresearchteamoncampus，conductfieldstudyresearchindifferentstatesorspendasemesterwithCornellinWashingtonDC。Youcouldstudyabroadinoneofmorethan85countriesordevelopyourownresearchprojectthroughindependentstudy.Giveyourselfthefreedomtoexplore。1.Ifyouwanttoplanyourcoursesoverthelongrun,youcanusethe______.A。ClassRoster B.CoursesofStudyC。CourseDesigner D。CareerCenter2。Forstudentsinvolvedinaninnovativeclassroomproject,they______。A.maystudyanewmodelB.areonthequickestwaytobeexpertsC.willgetmorefreedomduringresearchprojectD。haveadvantagesofstudyingoutsidetheclassroom3。Thearticleisprobablytakenfrom______。A.acollegewebsite B.asciencereportC。atravelmagazine D。anacademicjournal【答案】1。B2.D3.A【解析】本文是說明文，是關(guān)于美國(guó)康奈爾大學(xué)文理學(xué)院選修課程的介紹。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheClassRosterisupdatedfrequently部分的介紹中“ToplanyourclassesoveryourfouryearsatCornell,usetheCoursesofStudy."可知,如果要在康奈爾大學(xué)計(jì)劃長(zhǎng)期的課程，如四年的課程，使用“theCoursesofStudy".故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章中InnovativeLearning部分的介紹中提到“YoureducationatCornellwillextendfarbeyondtheclassroom.Youcanjoinafacultymember’sresearchteamoncampus，conductfieldstudyresearchindifferentstatesorspendasemesterwithCornellinWashingtonDC。Youcouldstudyabroadinoneofmorethan85countriesordevelopyourownresearchprojectthroughindependentstudy.（你在康奈爾的教育將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出課堂的范圍。你可以在校園里加入教師的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)，在不同的州進(jìn)行實(shí)地研究，或者在華盛頓的康奈爾大學(xué)度過一個(gè)學(xué)期。你可以在超過85個(gè)國(guó)家的其中一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)，或者通過獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)展你自己的研究項(xiàng)目）”由此可以推斷，如果你參加創(chuàng)新課堂項(xiàng)目,你的學(xué)習(xí)將延伸到課堂范圍以外,你會(huì)有在課堂以外的地方學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章是介紹康奈爾大學(xué)文理學(xué)院的選修課程。因此可能是出自于康奈爾大學(xué)的網(wǎng)站。故選A項(xiàng).Growingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl，fromarefugee(難民）family,”Dekasaid?！癐twasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox”Afterahighschoolchemistryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield，Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.BornandraisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighborhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhenDekawaseightyearsold，hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife。Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid，likepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships?！癐alwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetodoyourbestanddomuchbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup?！盌eka’seffortspaidoff。Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool，shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus，”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled?！癝hearrivedeverydayreadytowork，readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar。”Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves。“Don’ttellyourselfthatscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoocompetitiveorI'llnevergetintothisschool,"shesaid。“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”4.Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthat______.A.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB.DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationC。Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhardD。Dekaspentalotoftimegoingtoparties5。Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation______。A。afterherchemistryclass B.fromhermother'sexperienceC。byreadingbooksinthelibrary D。throughworkingattheinstitute6.Accordingtothelastparagraph，Dekaadvisedthatstudentsbe______.A.patient B。ambitiousC.confident D.generous7.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus？A.Lifeisnotallroses。 B.Practicemakesperfect。C。Wellbegunishalfdone. D.Hardworkleadstosuccess.【答案】4.C5。B6。C7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了索馬里難民DekaIsmail通過改變自己，不斷努力，終于成功考進(jìn)加利福尼亞大學(xué)的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的WhilesomemightsayDeka’ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently，thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven，youngscientistthatsheistoday?？芍?，雖然有些人可能會(huì)說Deka盡管有那樣的背景還是成功了，但她會(huì)有不同看法。她的經(jīng)歷塑造了她，并激勵(lì)她成為今天這樣一個(gè)有干勁的年輕科學(xué)家.由此可知,Deka的這些經(jīng)歷塑造了她、并激勵(lì)她努力。C.Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard。(Deka的經(jīng)歷激勵(lì)她努力)符合以上說法。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的WhenDekawaseightyearsold，hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily。ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone'slife.可知，當(dāng)Deka八歲的時(shí)候，她的母親通過在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)找到了一份工作，以支持整個(gè)家庭。這讓Deka意識(shí)到教育可以改變一個(gè)人的生活。由此可知,母親的經(jīng)歷讓她明白教育的重要性。B.fromhermother'sexperience（從她媽媽的經(jīng)歷)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves。可知，當(dāng)被問及她會(huì)給像她這樣的人什么建議時(shí),Deka提醒他們不要低估自己。由此可知，Deka建議大家不要低估自己，要相信自己，要有信心。C。confident(有信心的)符合以上說法.故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章大意，尤其是第四的Youhavetodoyourbestanddomuchbetterthaneveryoneelse.(你必須盡全力，比其他任何人都做得更好），第五段的Deka'seffortspaidoff。（Deka的努力得到了回報(bào)）和最后一段中的Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves。(當(dāng)被問及她會(huì)給像她這樣的人什么建議時(shí)，Deka提醒他們不要低估自己）可知，本文講述了難民身份的Deka經(jīng)過自己的努力終于獲得成功，以及她分享的自己經(jīng)歷和給他人的建議：不低估自己，要有信心.由此推測(cè)，這篇文章是想告訴我們:要相信自己，不斷努力，終將會(huì)取得成功。D。Hardworkleadstosuccess。(努力終將取得成功)符合以上說法。故選D項(xiàng)。Theworstoutbreakofdesertlocusts（蝗蟲)indecadesispresentlyunderwayintheHornofAfrica。Itisthebiggestofitskindin25yearsforEthiopiaandSomalia-andtheworstKenyahasseenfor70years。WhatweareseeinginEastAfricatodayisunlikeanythingwe’veseeninaverylongtime.Itsdestructivepotentialisenormous,andit’stakingplaceinaregionwherefarmersneedeverygramoffoodtofeedthemselvesandtheirfamilies。Mostofthecountrieshardesthitarethosewheremillionsofpeoplearealreadyvulnerable（脆弱的）orinserioushumanitarianneed，astheyenduretheimpactofviolence，drought,andfloods.Wehaveactedquicklytorespondtothisoutbreak.Theprimarymethodofbattlinglocustsistheaerialsprayingofpesticides（殺蟲劑）.FAO’s“LocustWatch"serviceexplainsthat“althoughgiantnets，flamethrowers,lasers,andhugevacuumshavebeenproposedinthepast,thesearenotinuseforlocustcontrol.Peopleandbirdsofteneatlocustsbutusuallynotenoughtosignificantlyreducepopulationlevelsoverlargeareas?！盩heUN’sOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairshasreleased＄10millionfromitsCentralEmergencyReliefFundtofundahugescale-upinaerialoperationstomanagetheoutbreak。Butthewindowtocontainthiscrisisisclosingfast.WeonlyhaveuntilthebeginningofMarchtobringthisinfestationundercontrolasthatiswhentherainandplantingseasonbegins.Ifleftunchecked—andwithexpectedadditionalrains-locustnumbersinEastAfricacouldincrease500timesbyJune。Wemustactnowtoavoidafull-blowncatastrophe.Andwewill.Atthesametime，weneedtopayattentiontoabiggerpicture。ThisisnotthefirsttimetheGreaterHornofAfricahasseenlocustoutbreakapproachthisscale，butthecurrentsituationistheworstindecades.Thisislinkedtoclimatechange.Warmerseasmeanmoretropicalstorms,generatingtheperfectbreedingconditionsforlocusts。8.Whatisimpliedinparagraph2?A.PeopleinEastAfricaaresufferingdrought。B。PeopleinEastAfricaaregoingthroughfloods.C.Thelocustoutbreakwillcausecropfailure。D。Thelocustoutbreakisworseninglocals'life。9。Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A.Weneedabiggerpicturetostudythedisaster。B.ItisthesecondoutbreakoflocustsinEastAfrica。C。Itisthelargestoutbreakoflocustseverinhistory。D。Theoutbreakoflocustsisfueledbyglobalwarming.10.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A。Toanalyseandcompare. B。Toinformandcallfor.C。Toargueanddiscuss。 D。Tointroduceandassess.11.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom？A.Aguidebook. B。Ahealthmagazine.C.Anewsreport。 D.Achemistrypaper。【答案】8.D9.D10。B11。C【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了非洲東部發(fā)生了幾百年以來的最嚴(yán)重的一次蝗蟲災(zāi)害。【8題詳解】推理判斷題.由第二段Itsdestructivepotentialisenormous，andit'stakingplaceinaregionwherefarmersneedeverygramoffoodtofeedthemselvesandtheirfamilies.可知，它的破壞潛力是巨大的，而且它發(fā)生在一個(gè)農(nóng)民需要每一克食物來養(yǎng)活自己和家人的地區(qū)。原本這些地方就是依賴土地種植莊稼來養(yǎng)活自己和家人，現(xiàn)在蝗災(zāi)爆發(fā)，只會(huì)是情況更加惡化。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段Thisislinkedtoclimatechange。Warmerseasmeanmoretropicalstorms,generatingtheperfectbreedingconditionsforlocusts?？芍?這與氣候變化有關(guān)。溫暖的海洋意味著更多的熱帶風(fēng)暴，為蝗蟲創(chuàng)造了完美的繁殖條件。溫暖的海洋指的是全球變暖的影響,它助推了蝗蟲的爆發(fā)。由此我們可以判斷，全球變暖對(duì)蝗災(zāi)的爆發(fā)起到了助推作用.故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段Wemustactnowtoavoidafull—blowncatastrophe?？芍?我們現(xiàn)在必須行動(dòng)起來，避免一場(chǎng)全面的災(zāi)難。這是一種呼吁和號(hào)召。結(jié)合全篇，主要介紹了東非蝗災(zāi)的爆發(fā)。兩者相結(jié)合可知這篇文章的目的是為了通知和呼吁大家采取行動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。本篇文章主要內(nèi)容為非洲東部爆發(fā)的蝗蟲危機(jī),事態(tài)嚴(yán)重，作者呼吁大家采取行動(dòng)。所以可知文章來自新聞報(bào)道，而非A.旅行指南，或B。健康雜志，也不是D。一篇化學(xué)論文。故選C項(xiàng)。Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike。Researchersreportthesystemisabletopredictlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30—kilometerarea。Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge,itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6，000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason，climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning。Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12—yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas。Thedata，relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions：airpressure，airtemperature，relativehumidityandwindspeed，wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm（算法)，whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest—ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement。TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram。TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject。Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,transferringlightningchargesfromcloudstotheground。Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes。Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather。12。Whywasthesystemdeveloped?A。Tomeetkids’curiosityaboutlightning。B.Toshowthepoweroflightning.C。Tokeeptrackoflightningdeaths.D.Toprotectpeoplefromlightning.13。Whatisspecialaboutthesystem?A。Itwasbasedonanumberofsamplesworldwide.B。Itadoptedadifferentmachinelearningalgorithm.C.Itusedaneffectivemethodofcollectingdata。D。Itrequiredlowcostofpredictinglightning.14。Whatwilltheresearchersdonextwiththelasertechnology?A。Monitorlightningactivity。 B。Preventtheoccurrenceoflightning。C。Directenergyfromlightning。 D。Generateelectricitywithlightning.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A。ASystemofControllingLightning B.AMethodofForecastingLightningC。ATheoryofEmployingLightning D.AModelofCreatingLightning【答案】12.D13。B14.C15.B【解析】這是一篇說明文.文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們開發(fā)出一種利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)來預(yù)測(cè)閃電何時(shí)何地發(fā)生的系統(tǒng)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear。Forthisreason，climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.可知，歐洲研究人員估計(jì)，全世界每年有6000到24000人死于閃電。由于這個(gè)原因，氣候科學(xué)家一直在尋找預(yù)測(cè)閃電的方法.結(jié)合上文，閃電具有破壞性而且是致命的，而且歐洲研究人員對(duì)每年死亡人數(shù)的估計(jì)，使得科學(xué)家們研發(fā)了這種系統(tǒng)，來保護(hù)人民免收閃電的傷害.故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段Thedata，relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure，airtemperature，relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.可知，與四個(gè)主要表面條件即氣壓、氣溫、相對(duì)濕度和風(fēng)速相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)被放入一個(gè)獨(dú)特的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法中，這種算法將數(shù)據(jù)跟閃電襲擊記錄作比對(duì)。由此可見，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)特之處在于它獨(dú)特的算法。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題.由最后一段Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity，transferringlightningchargesfromcloudstotheground。可知，參與該項(xiàng)目的科學(xué)家正在試驗(yàn)一種激光技術(shù),希望有一天這種技術(shù)可能控制閃電活動(dòng)，將閃電電荷從云層轉(zhuǎn)移到地面。利用技術(shù)將閃電的電荷轉(zhuǎn)移到地面另做他用，減少危害。換句話說就是控制和利用閃電能量,用作其他用途。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題.由第一段Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike?？芍?，科學(xué)家們表示,他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)來預(yù)測(cè)閃電何時(shí)何地發(fā)生的系統(tǒng)。這也就是一種預(yù)測(cè)閃電的方法，而且下文主要就是圍繞這一點(diǎn)來講的,故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12。5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife。___16___Thereisconstantcompetitionforacademicdegrees,jobs,customers，moneyandsoforth。Inasense，competitionisoneofthemotiveforcestothedevelopmentofsociety。___17___Therefore，theonlywaytosurviveistobecompetitive。Growinginacompetitiveenvironmentisimportantforachildbecausefutureadultlifeisdifficult.Findingagoodjob,forexample，isanextremelycompetitiveactivity。Todaymostpeopleobtainknowledgethroughvariouswaysandalargenumberofpeoplegetgoodeducation.___18___Thequalityofpeopleisrapidlyincreasing.Competitionismoreviolentthanwhatwethoughtitshouldbe.Thepotentiallysuccessfuljobapplicanthastobepreparedinstrongerpositionbygainingmorequalificationsandexperience.Inthesportscontests，thestrongestwillcomeoutaswinners.Inthebusinessworld,tobeatyourcompetitors，youmustbebetterthantheotheremployees。___19___Thoughtheonlywayourworldrewardspeopleistogivehonortothewinners,nottothelosers,byattemptingtocompeteatdifferentactivities，wecanstilllearntowinandlose,gainexperienceandknowourstrengthsandweaknesses。Competitionpreparesusforthetoughthingsinlife。Whetheringames，instudyorinbusinessalike,theaimistowinthegame,thedegree，thetrophy，andthecontract。___20___A.Otherwise，youwillbedefeated。B。Modernsocietydemandshigh—qualitytalents。C.Learningtobecompetitiveisclearlythebestpreparationforlife。D.Therearealsomanypeoplewhohavehigherdegreesintheirspecialfields。E.Childrenhavetolearntobecompetitiveinordertoadapttomodernsociety。F.Inthenaturalworld，theweakwillbereplacedbythestrongandthefittestcanlive。G。Wecompetewhenweplaygamesandwhenwetrytodobetterthanothersinourstudy.【答案】16.G17。F18。D19.A20。C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文，作者圍繞“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”這一中心詞，作者論述了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中、在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的普遍性，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是人們?cè)谏鐣?huì)中生活的一種方式，最后闡述了“學(xué)會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是為人生做的最好的準(zhǔn)備”這一觀點(diǎn)?！?6題詳解】此題考查學(xué)生對(duì)語篇上下文的理解能力。上一句說競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是我們社會(huì)生活中常見的現(xiàn)象，“Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife。"為一句總起句，下一句提到存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的其他方面，“Thereisconstantcompetitionforacademicdegrees,jobs，customers，moneyandsoforth.”因此，此空應(yīng)該起承上啟下的作用。既會(huì)談到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，也會(huì)涉及到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的具體某些方面,G項(xiàng)則講當(dāng)我們?cè)谕嬗螒蚝蛯W(xué)習(xí)要比別人做得更好時(shí)就會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這些都是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的具體表現(xiàn)（具體某些方面),符合題意，故選G。【17題詳解】此題考查上下句之間因果關(guān)系.根據(jù)下一句和本段所舉例子可知,正因?yàn)镕中所述，“Inthenaturalworld,theweakwillbereplacedbythestrongandthefittestcanlive?！痹谧匀唤缰校跞鈴?qiáng)食，物競(jìng)天擇,適者生存，“Therefore，theonlywaytosurviveistobecompetitive。”所以生存下來的唯一途徑就是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。即F項(xiàng)所舉例子與下一句構(gòu)成強(qiáng)因果關(guān)系，故選F?！?8題詳解】該空承上啟下，提示詞在上一句，句中講當(dāng)今社會(huì)大多數(shù)人“mostpeople”通過各種方式獲取知識(shí),許多人得到良好的教育，本空D項(xiàng)則補(bǔ)充講也有許多人“Therearealsomanypeople”在他們的某些特殊領(lǐng)域擁有更高的學(xué)位，一前一后，分別講全民通識(shí)教育和精英教育，再下一句得出結(jié)論：這說明人的素質(zhì)在迅速提高，因此競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也更加激烈，D符合題意。此題干擾項(xiàng)為B“Modernsocietydemandshigh-qualitytalents."現(xiàn)代社會(huì)需要高智商天賦的人。雖然此句也有quality出現(xiàn),但此段講述人們?yōu)榱嗽鰪?qiáng)自己的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,不斷獲取新知識(shí),并無提及擁有與生俱來的天賦(talent），故此題選D?！?9題詳解】此空與前一句是條件關(guān)系，“Inthebusinessworld，tobeatyourcompetitors，youmustbebetterthantheotheremployees.”意思是,在一個(gè)商業(yè)社會(huì)中,要打敗你的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，你就必須比其他員工更強(qiáng)，“Otherwise，youwillbedefeated?！狈駝t你就會(huì)被打敗,otherwise(否則）在此處起到提示作用，表示滿足不了前一句的條件,就會(huì)出現(xiàn)“被打敗”的情況，故選A?！?0題詳解】此空設(shè)在文章末尾，是總結(jié)句，起首尾呼應(yīng)的作用。既是對(duì)本文的總結(jié)，又與文章開頭第一段呼應(yīng)，本題側(cè)重語篇和文章結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系的考查.文章開頭“Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.”競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是我們社會(huì)生活中普遍的現(xiàn)象，同時(shí),該空上一句講“Whetheringames，instudyorinbusinessalike，theaimistowinthegame，thedegree，thetrophy,andthecontract?！睙o論在哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域，我們的目的都是“贏”,贏得一切;因此，“Learningtobecompetitiveisclearlythebestpreparationforlife.”（所以學(xué)會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)顯然是為人生做最好的準(zhǔn)備），呼應(yīng)文章開頭并總結(jié)全文、點(diǎn)題，故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】七選五是一種極其注重考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系的題目，經(jīng)常從這些方面設(shè)置干擾項(xiàng).例如本題中的第2小題,此題中干擾項(xiàng)為E：“Childrenhavetolearntobecompetitiveinordertoadapttomodernsociety。”（為了適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，孩子們不得不學(xué)會(huì)去競(jìng)爭(zhēng))，雖然該段下文就有一處提到“Growinginacompetitiveenvironmentisimportantforachildbecausefutureadultlifeisdifficult。”似乎與E選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容十分“匹配”，但這正是容易誤選之處。實(shí)際上,該空緊挨著的下句，第一個(gè)詞便是therefore（因此）,這類表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞語在七選五題目中一旦出現(xiàn)，必須引起大家的十二分注意,它們是重要的提示詞。在這里，therefore表示前后兩句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，而后一句是“生存的唯一方式是去競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”,F中描述的自然界中弱肉強(qiáng)食、物競(jìng)天擇現(xiàn)象，與后一句形成因果關(guān)系，而E與后一句則明顯不構(gòu)成這種因果關(guān)系,而是在用不同表述闡述相近的觀點(diǎn)，故排除。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié),滿分15分）第一節(jié)完形填空(共1小題;每題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A，B，C和D）中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.AColoradopairbringsnewmeaningtotheword“determination”。Whenonecouldn’twalkandtheothercouldn'tsee，they___21___uptosharetheirloveofthegreatoutdoors.MelanieKnechthastouseawheelchairtogetaroundduetobornspinabifida（脊柱裂).TrevorHahnonlyrecentlybecameblindafterhe___22___aneyediseasefiveyearsago.BothlivinginFortCollins，Colorado,thetwometatanadaptiveboxingclass—andtheysoonranintoeachotheragainatanadaptiverock-climbingclass。Theyimmediately___23___overKnecht’slifelonghobbyofcampingandHahn’spassionforoutdoorsports。WhenshetoldhimaboutherrecenttriptoEasterIsland,whereshegotthe___24___tobecarriedonanotherperson’sback，anunusualideaoccurredtoher。___25___hislostsight，he’dbeenabletoscaleaHimalayanpeak,usingpolesand___26___directionsfromhiscompanions。Theystartedsmall，butnextmonth—withhervisionandhis___27___—theywilltrektothetopofa14，000—footmountain?！癐tjustseemedlikecommonsense。He’sthelegs，I’mtheeyes！___28___,we'rethedreamteam."saidKnecht.Atthestartofeachhike，afriendliftsKnecht___29___acarrieronHahn'sback.Fromthatpointon，shegiveshimoraldirectionstoleadtheway。Hahnsaid，“ItmademesohappytohelpsomeoneexperiencewhatI’vebeenabletoexperiencemywholelife.Thebestpartisbeingabletomakehersmile-thatgivesme____30____.”Inadditiontothissenseofpurpose，thetwoshareanunderstandingofhow____31____itcanbeaskingable—bodiedorsightedpeopleforassistanceineverydaylife.Theygetimmeasurable____32____frombeingabletodothisontheirown。Whilethetwoacceptthatothers____33____whatthey'vebeenabletodothey’renotlookingfor____34____—theyjustwantotherstoencouragesolutionsfortheirfriendswithdisabilities。Don’t____35____thembecauseyouthinktheywon'tbeabletodosomething.21。A。rose B.made C。teamed D。ended22.A.developed B。cured C.spread D。diagnosed23。A.handed B。argued C。got D。bonded24.A。opportunity B。competence C。permission D。admission25。A.Onaccountof B.Inspiteof C.Ontopof D.Inviewof26。A.spoken B。opposite C。confusing D。gesturing27。A.optimism B.strength C。guidance D.wisdom28。A.Hopefully B.Instead C.Together D。Similarly29。A。over B.up C.off D。into30。A.relief B.courage C.reward D。purpose31.A。convenient B.difficult C。ridiculous D.essential32。A。suffering B.wealth C。satisfaction D.depression33.A.appreciate B。oppose C.dismiss D.advocate34.A。criticism B.attention C。praise D.curiosity35。A。convince B.reject C.contact D.approach【答案】21.C22。A23.D24.A25。B26。A27。B28。C29.D30。D31.B32。C33。A34。C35。B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是不能走路的MelanieKnecht和雙目失明的TrevorHahn兩個(gè)殘疾人互相借助各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)“合作”爬喜馬拉雅山共同享受大自然的故事。21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人不能走路，另一個(gè)人不能看東西時(shí)，他們合作分享他們對(duì)大自然的熱愛.A。rose上升；B.made制造；C。teamed使合作；D.ended結(jié)束。根據(jù)Whenonecouldn’twalkandtheothercouldn'tsee和tosharetheirloveofthegreatoutdoors?？芍?他們要“合作”才能享受大自然。固定詞組：teamup“合作，協(xié)作”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:特雷弗·哈恩(TrevorHahn)五年前患了眼疾，最近失明.A。developed患（?。┑茫ú?；B。cured治愈；C。spread傳播；D。diagnosed診斷。根據(jù)空后的aneyediseasefiveyearsago可知,患了眼疾,D項(xiàng)應(yīng)用bediagnosedwith“被診斷”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們很快就因?yàn)镵necht畢生的露營(yíng)愛好和Hahn對(duì)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛而建立起了互信關(guān)系.A。handed交,遞；B.argued辯論;C.got得到;D.bonded建立(與某人的）互信關(guān)系.根據(jù)第3空后的overKnecht’slifelonghobbyofcampingandHahn’spassionforoutdoorsports可知，他們因?yàn)橄嗤膼酆媒⒒バ抨P(guān)系。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析.句意:當(dāng)她告訴他她最近去復(fù)活節(jié)島的旅行，在那里她有機(jī)會(huì)被另一個(gè)人背在背上時(shí)，她想到的一個(gè)不尋常的想法。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；B。competence能力，勝任；C。permission許可；D.honour榮譽(yù).根據(jù)空后的tobecarriedonanotherperson’sback可知,此處指被另一個(gè)人背在背上的“機(jī)會(huì)”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：盡管他雙目失明，但他還是能夠借助桿子和同伴的口頭指示爬上喜馬拉雅山.A.Onaccountof由于，因?yàn)?；B.Inspiteof盡管;C.Ontopof除……之外，在……之上；D.Inviewof鑒于，考慮到。根據(jù)空后的he’dbeenabletoscaleaHimalayanpeak可知，此處指“盡管”失明,但是他能夠爬上喜馬拉雅山。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他雙目失明，但他還是能夠借助桿子和同伴的口頭指示爬上喜馬拉雅山.A。spoken口頭的；B。opposite相反的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.gesturing打手勢(shì).根據(jù)上文hislostsight可知,他失去了視力，可知要借助同伴的“口頭的”指示才能向前爬.故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析.句意：他們開始時(shí)規(guī)模很小，但下個(gè)月——憑借她的遠(yuǎn)見和他的力量——他們將跋涉到達(dá)一座14000英尺高的山頂。A。optimism樂觀主義；B。strength力氣,力量；C.guidance指導(dǎo);D。wisdom智慧.根據(jù)第9空后的theywilltrektothetopofa14，000—footmountain.和上文內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)樗喴?，需要背?而他失明,所以他們?cè)谂郎綍r(shí)要借助她的眼睛和他的“力量”。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他是腿，我是眼睛！在一起，我們是夢(mèng)之隊(duì)。A.Hopefully充滿希望地;B。Instead相反，反而;C。Together一起；D。Similarly類似地。根據(jù)空后的we’rethedreamteam.可推斷,他們“在一起”就是夢(mèng)之隊(duì).故選C.【29題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行開始時(shí),我的一個(gè)朋友都會(huì)把Knecht放進(jìn)哈恩的背上的搬運(yùn)器里。A.over在……上面；B.up向上;C。off離開；D.into進(jìn)入.根據(jù)語境可知,Knecht需要哈恩背著,因此推斷，此處指別人幫助把Knecht放在哈