Grammar選修六第二單元語法課件

課標人教實驗版高二Module6Unit21精選課件pptSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣2精選課件ppt1.英語動詞有三種語氣,陳述語氣,祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。2.定義:用來表示說的話不是事實,或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況,而是一種愿望,建議,假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。3精選課件ppt3.在條件句中的應用條件句可分為兩類,一類為真實條件句,一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況,故采用虛擬語氣。4精選課件ppt1).真實條件句

真實條件句用于陳述語氣,假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生,其中if是如果的意思。5精選課件ppt2).非真實條件句非真實條件句用語虛擬語氣,假設(shè)的情況不可能發(fā)生,或者可能性很小,其中if是“要是、如果”的意思。即:“要是……就好了”;“如果……,……就會……”6精選課件ppt1.IfI

had

enough

money,I

would

travel

around

the

world.2.IfI

were

you,I

wouldgive

AIDS

patientahug.與現(xiàn)在事實相反7精選課件ppt3.If

I

hadtaken

your

advice,I

wouldn’thavemade

amistake.4.Ifhe

hadbeen

there,it

wouldn’thavehappened.與過去事實相反8精選課件ppt5.Ifit

shouldrain

tomorrow,they

wouldn’t

go

foranouting.6.Ithinkwe

coulddo

it,ifwe

planed

itproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifwe

weretohave

threedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.與將來事實相反9精選課件ppt3)Themeaningofthesentenceofsubjunctivemood.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.

含義:Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.10精選課件pptIfhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.含義:Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress.

11精選課件ppt條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來V.+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。12精選課件ppt二.虛擬語氣特殊句型:1.wish的賓語從句現(xiàn)在:過去時（were）過去:過去完成時未來:would/could/might+V.should13精選課件ppt1.IwishIwereabird.(現(xiàn)在)2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(過去)3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(將來)14精選課件pptIwishI

were

astallasyou.我希望和你一樣高。Hewishedhe

hadn’tsaid

that.他希望他沒講那樣的話。Iwishit

wouldrain

tomorrow.我希望明天下雨就好了。15精選課件ppt2)wishtodo表達法

wishsb./sth.todoIwishtoseethemanager.=Iwanttoseethemanager.Iwishthemanagertobeinformedatonce.=Iwantthemanagertobeinformedatonce.16精選課件ppt2.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在:過去:未來:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.過去時過去時過去完成時17精選課件ppt3.asif/though+Clause現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.18精選課件pptTheytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Helooksasifheweredrunk.19精選課件ppt4.It’s(about/high)time+that過去時should+V.你該走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.20精選課件ppt我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.21精選課件ppt5.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句中常見動詞:一個堅持,兩個命令,三個建議,四個要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire22精選課件ppt

這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形,或者將should省略。23精選課件ppt我們建議Tom去休息一下。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.他堅決要求我到場。HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.24精選課件ppt國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.25精選課件pptIsuggestthatwe

(should)hold

ameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe

(should)be

sentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“建議”或“堅持要某人做某事時”,即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅持認為”時,賓語從句用陳述語氣。26精選課件ppt1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent27精選課件ppt3.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.havewas28精選課件ppt以上動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句,表語從句和同位語也要使用虛擬語氣,從句中的動詞形式一樣。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire29精選課件pptIt’ssuggestedthattheplan

becarriedout.Mydemandisthatshe

shouldcome

toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory

shouldbe

closeddown.30精選課件ppt6.without和butfor構(gòu)成虛擬。butfor要不是

Without

sunlight,people’slife

wouldbe

differentfromtoday.Butfor

yourhelp,I

wouldn’thave

finishedthework.Without

yourhelp,I

wouldhave

failed.Butfor

water,it

wouldbe

impossibletoliveinthedesert.31精選課件ppt7.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyI

knew

hisname!Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了!Ifonlyourparents

couldlivewith

us!要是我沒錯過火車就好了！IfonlyI

hadn’tmissed

thetrain!32精選課件ppt8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause

從句中的動詞要用虛擬,即(should)+動詞原形Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.33精選課件ppt9.某些簡單句的固定句型:Heaven

help

him!God

bless

you!

May

yousucceed!

LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!34精選課件ppt10.need“不必做”和“本不該做”

didn’tneedtodo表示:過去不必做某事,事實上也沒做。

needn’thavedone表示:過去不必做某事,但事實上做了。35精選課件ppt約翰開車去車站接瑪麗,所以她不必步行回家了。JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshedidn'tneedto

walkbackhome.36精選課件ppt約翰開車去車站接瑪麗,所以她本不必步行回家了。(Mary步行回家,沒有遇上John的車。)JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,sosheneedn'thavewalkedbackhome.37精選課件pptTherewasplentyoftime.She____.

A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurried

C.mustnothurry

D.needn'thavehurried典型例題38精選課件ppt答案D。needn’thavedone.意為“本不必”,即已經(jīng)做了某事,而實際上不必要。mustn’thavedone用法不正確,對過去發(fā)生的事情進行否定性推斷應為couldn’thavedone,“不可能已經(jīng)”。mustnotdo不可以(用于一般現(xiàn)在時)39精選課件ppt三.虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點:1.假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致,叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設(shè)的時間而定。40精選課件pptIftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.41精選課件ppt2.假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。條件從句中有should,were,had三個助動詞可以把if省略,并將這三個詞提至句首。

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.42精選課件pptIfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?43精選課件ppt3.謂語動詞以should+havedone的形式出現(xiàn)的時候,表示過去應該做而沒有做的事情,從而表示一種責備的語氣。e.g.1)You

shouldhavefinished

yourhomeworkyesterday.2)You

shouldhavecome

herefiveminutesearlier.3)He

shouldhavetold

meaboutitearlier.44精選課件ppt注意：

在虛擬語氣的從句中,動詞be的過去時態(tài)一律用were,不用was,即在從句中be用were代替。45精選課件pptIfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你,就會去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在這兒,一切都會好的。46精選課件ppt_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.

A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI典型例題47精選課件ppt答案C.注意:在虛擬條件狀語從句中,省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。如我們可說WereInottodo,而不能說Weren’tItodo.48精選課件pptExercisesI1.You___tothemeetingyesterday.Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence?A.hadcome B.cameC.wouldhavecome D.shouldhavecome2.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI___.”A.had B.did C.have D.will49精選課件ppt3.Hereissomemoneyincaseyou___it.A.needsB.needC.neededD.willneed4.Hedemandedthattheclassroom___atonce.A.shouldclean B.cleanC.shouldhavebeencleanedD.becleaned50精選課件ppt5.Butforyourcarelessness,we___.A.shouldhavesucceededB.hadsucceededC.wouldhavesucceededD.succeeded51精選課件ppt6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.

A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken7.Jane’sfacesuggestedthatshe_____ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_____amedicalexamination.

A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have

C.shouldbe;had

D.was;has52精選課件ppt8.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.

A.shouldbe

B.wouldbe

C.havebeen

D.hadbeen

9.IwishI_____themeetinglastweek.

A.couldattendB.attended

C.haveattendedD.couldhaveattended53精選課件ppt10.Mysuggestionisthatwe____thesportsmet.

A.wouldputoff

B.shouldputoff

C.puttedoff

D.beputoff

11.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_____cleaner.

A.shouldbemade

B.ismade

C.wouldbemade

D.wasmade54精選課件ppt12.Don’tcomethisafternoon.I’dratheryou_____tomorrow.

A.come

B.tocome

C.came

D.willcome

13.Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment_____before6.

A.wasfinished

B.willfinish

C.befinished

D.shallbefinished55精選課件pptII.根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示將下列句子補充完整。1.HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes,I____________________(都不會相信的)