初中英語九年級(jí)全一冊(cè) Section Aa-2d（全國一等獎(jiǎng)）2

SectionA2a—2d

主旨大意題解題技巧

一、考點(diǎn)解讀主旨大意題主要考查我們?cè)陂喿x全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章的整體把握能力?？疾榈膬?nèi)容包括：主要觀點(diǎn)(themainidea)、文章題目(thebesttitle)、寫作意圖(theauthor’spurpose)等。二、設(shè)題方式

主旨大意題一般有三種出題形式：主旨題、選標(biāo)題、作者態(tài)度題。如：1.Themaintopicofthepassageis_____.2.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?5.What’sthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?【實(shí)例1】(2016年重慶)

PapercutcanbeseeninmanypartsofChinaduringtheSpringFestival.Peopleputitonwindows,doorsandwallsforthefestival.

Athousandyearsago,papercutwasusedfordecoration(裝飾).IntheTangDynastywomenusedpapercutasheaddress.IntheSongDynasty,ithelpedtomakegiftsmorebeautiful.What’smore,peoplewouldfeelhappierwhentheysawpapercutonwindows,doorsandwalls.NowpeopleusepapercuttoexpresstheirwishesforwelcomingtheNewYear.TherearedifferentkindsofpapercutindifferentpartsofChina.Picturesusuallycovernearlyallthings,fromflowers,birdstothefamouspeople.Now,therearefactoriesforpapercutinChina.Papercuthaschangedfromdecorationtoakindofart.Atthesametime,papercutalsoappearsincartoons,magazinesorTVprograms.1.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.A.cartoons B.TVprograms C.papercut D.haircut

2.What’sthemainideaofthePara2?

Theuseofpapercut.

3.What’sthemainideaofthePara3?Differentkindsofpaper.三、解題技巧技巧1：主題句定位法

（findthetopicsentence）

主題句在文章中的位置通常有三種情況：開頭、中間或結(jié)尾?！緦?shí)例2】（2011年山東濟(jì)寧中考題）

FoolishFredlivedinasmallvillage.Thepeopleofthevillagelaughedathim.TheylikedtoshowvisitorshowsillyFredwas.Theythoughtthiswasafunnythingtodo.Oneday,avisitorcametothevillage.“Watchthis,”avillagersaid,andcalledtoFred.“Comeandplayagame,Fred,”heshouted.Fredwalkedslowlytowardshim,withasillysmileonhisface.“Look!Fred,”thevillagersaid,“I’vegotsomethingforyou.”HeshowedFreda$1coinandamuchlarger50-centcoin.”“Whichwouldyoulike?”heaskedFred.Fredtookthe50-centcoinatonce.Thevillagerlaughed.“Seehowfoolishheis,”hesaid.“Healwaysdoesthat.He’stoosillytolearnanything.”Hewalkedaway,leavingFredwiththevisitor.ThevisitorfeltsorryforFredandsaidtohim,“Althoughthe50-centcoinisbiggerthanthe$1coin,the$1coinisworth(值)muchmore.Twotimesasmuch.” “Iknowthat,”Fredsaid.“ButonceItakethe$1coin,they’llstopplayingthegame.”2.Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe_____.A.CleverVillagers B.“Foolish”FredC.FredandaVisitor D.AVisitorandtheVillagers技巧2：歸納分析抓大意

(makeasummary)

有的文章沒有明顯的主題句，如果在閱讀這類文章的時(shí)候碰到主旨大意題，我們需要分析文章，自己歸納文章的主題。四、注意

做主旨大意題時(shí)，不要1.以偏概全（如:把文章中出現(xiàn)的某一觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)作整篇文章的觀點(diǎn)）2.概括性不夠（把文章某一部分的中心句當(dāng)作全文的主旨）3.概括過度

(超出了文章的內(nèi)容)閱讀訓(xùn)練營

Doyouliketravelling?Here’ssomeadvice.Howcanyoumakeyourtripinteresting?Read!Beforeyouleave,youshouldfindsomeinformationabouttheplace,suchasitsgeography,historyandpeople.Youcanunderstandthatplacebetterbyreading.Takephotos!Ifyouwanttotakesomephotos,you’dbetterchoosethemostspecialsights.Don’tchoosethesightyoucanseeinotherplaces.Forexample,QingdaoandNingboarecoastal(沿海的)cities,sodon’tonlytakephotosofthesea.Youshouldtakephotosofsomethingelse,too.Taste!You’dbettertastesomespecialsinthatarea.Foodinsomeplacesisverydelicious.Sowhynottasteit?Maybeyouhavejustonechancetotasteitinyourlife.Write!Whenyouvisitaplace,youshouldtakeapenandanotebook.Youcanwritedownwhatyouseeandwhatyouthinkduringthetrip.1.What’sthebesttitleforthistext?A.HowtomakeyourtripinterestingB.ThemostpopularwaytotravelC.HowtomakeatravelplanD.Thebestplacetotravel【練習(xí)2】

OntheInternet,wecanreadnewsathomeandabroadandgetasmuchinformationaswecan.Weoftensende-mailsormaketelephonecallstoourfamiliesaswellastoourfriendsontheInternet.What’smore,wecangotoschoolontheNet,readalotofbooksandeventeachourselvesforeignlanguages.Wealsoenjoymusic,watchballmatchesontheNetandplaycomputergames.WiththehelpoftheNet,wecandoshoppingevenwithoutleavingourhomes.TheInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.2.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.KeepawayfromtheInternet.

B.SurfingtheInternetisveryimportant.

C.TheInternetisplayinganimportantpartinourdailylife.

D.WecanenjoyourselvesontheInternet.Passage3

Once,acirclebroke.Itwasmissingasmallpartofitself.Thecirclewantedtobewhole,soitwentaroundandlookedforitsmissingpiece.But,becauseitwasn’tcompleted,itcouldrollonlyveryslowly.Itsmelledtheflowersalongtheway.Ittalkedwiththeworms.Itenjoyedthesunshine.Itfoundlotsofdifferentparts,butnoneofthemfit.Itleftthemallbythesideoftheroadandkeptonsearching.Oneday,thecirclefoundaperfectpiece.Itwassohappy.Itcouldbewhole,withnothingmissing.Itfixeditselfandbegantoroll.Nowthatitwasaperfectcircle,itcouldrollveryfast,toofasttonoticetheflowersortotalktotheworms.Thecirclemissedtheflowersandtheworms.Itleftitsperfectpiecebythesideoftheroadandrolledslowlyaway.

Perhapswearemorewholewhenwearemissingsomething.Insomeways,amanwhohaseverythingisapoorman.Hewillneverknowwhatitfeelsliketohopeanddreamofsomethingbetter.Hewillneverknowtheexperienceoffindingsomethinghehasalwayswantedandneverhad.3.Whatistheauthor’sideaaccordingtothepassage?

A.Beingperfectisbetterthanbeingbroken.

B.Beingbrokenisanotherkindofbeauty.

C.Thereisnothingperfectintheworld.

D.Awholelifemeansaperfectlifeforus.Passage4

It’ssobeautifuloutside.Spendingthedayintheofficewouldbeveryboring.Sowhynotspendthevacationsout?Anewsurveyfoundthat31%oftheUSworkersdon’talwaystakealloftheirvacationdays.Americanshave12vacationdaysonaverageeachyear,buttheygivebackanaverageof3vacationdayseachyear.Sowhydon’ttheyuseuptheirvacationdays?Somesaytheywouldrathergetmoneybackfortheirunuseddays.Somebusyworkerssaytheyjustcan’tleavetheirwork.Americanshavefewervacationdaysthanthepeopleinanyothercountrysurveyed.TheFrenchtaketheirvacationseriously.Frenchworkersgetanaverageof39vacationdays,and40%ofthemplantotakeatleastonethree-to-four-weekvacation.WorkersinSwedenreceiveanaverageof25vacationdaysayear,buttheycan’tfindtimetousethemall.Moreworkerstherereturnvacationdaysthaninanyothercountrysurveyed.BritishworkershavethelongestworkingweekinEurope,with23vacationdays—theshortestvacation.Sotheyfeeloverworked.75%oftheworkerssaytheirweekendsorvacationsaretooshortand40%oftheworkerswouldsacrificeaday’spayforonemorevacationday.4.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe_________.A.Americans’vacation B.Asians’vacationC.Ashortvacation D.AvacationsurveyPassage5

Oneofthesecretsofsuccessfulpeopleisthattheyhavegoodhabits.Thegoodhabitshelpthemtobesuccessful.Howcanyoudevelopgoodhabits?Hereissomeadviceforyou.First,youshouldholdapositiveattitude.Everyonehashisownmerits(優(yōu)點(diǎn)).Youshouldalwayslookforthegoodpointsandlearnthemfromotherpeople,andthenyouwillgetalot.Second,youshouldtrytolearnnewknowledgeandsomethingnewtoyou.Itisveryhelpfulforyoutoreadafewpagesofabookoranewspapereveryday.Youcanalsovisitsomenewwebsitestolearnwhatyoufind.Third,youshouldstartthedaytherightway.Whenyougetupinthemorning,lookatyourselfinthemirrorandtellyourselfyoumustkeepyourgoodhabitstoday.Lastbutnotleast,youshouldkeepthem,nomatterwhatgoodhabitsyoudecidetodevelop.Thenyourlifewillbefullofsuccessandhappiness.5.What’sthetopicofthepassage?A.Successfullifestyle. B.Adviceongoodhabits.C.Secretsofsuccess. D.Importanceofhabits.Passage6

Everybodylikestohaveagoodtime,butdoyouknowthatlaughingisverygoodforyourhealth?Scientistsbelievethatlaughingcanhelpyourbodyfightillness.SoanIndiandoctoropenedthefirstlaughterclubin1995.Nowtherearemorethan1,000laughterclubsaroundtheworld.Alaughterclubisaplacewhereyoucangotolaughinyourwayforhappinessandgoodhealth.SteveWilson,themanwhotooklaughterclubstoAmerica,said,“Welaughwitheachother,butneverateachother.Atfirst,thelaughterexercisefeelsabitfalse.Butsoonthelaughterbecomesreal.”Laughterisveryimportantwhenwecommunicatewithotherpeople.Ithelpsusmakefriendsandunderstandeachotherbetter.Wecanlaughwithpeopleallovertheworld.Itisthesameinanylanguage.Soneverbeafraidtolaugh.It’sgoodforourhealth.6.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterwantstotellus_____.A.thereshouldbemorelaughterclubsintheworldB.peoplecannotlaughatallinthelaughterclubsC.onlylaughtercanhelpusfightillnessD.weshouldlaughasmuchaspossiblePassage7

WhenshewasachildinEngland,JaneGoodalldreamedofworkingwithwildanimals.JanetravelledtoAfricain1957.ShesoonmetthefamousscientistLouisLeakeyandbegantoworkforhim.HelateraskedhertostudyagroupofchimpanzeeslivingbyalakeinTanzania.Itwasnoteasyworktostaywithchimpanzees.