Unit5MusicDiscoveringusefulstructures(導(dǎo)學(xué)案)(原卷版)高一英語人教版2019

Unit5MusicDiscoveringusefulstructures導(dǎo)學(xué)案LeaningObjectives1.Understandtheadverbialclausesandtheomittingsentences;learnthefunctionsofadverbialclauses.2.Observethesentencesandstructuresandtrytogetrulesandfunctions.3.Understandthepastparticipleasadverbialcanbeusedtoexpressfeelingsanddescribesituations.課前預(yù)學(xué)區(qū)①Discussion:說出過去分詞在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?1.Thiswillresultinasmallernumberoffishleftforustoeatinthefuture.2.Thelibraryisnowclosed．3.Itriedtomakemyselfunderstood.4.The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.5.Anddon’tbeshockedwhenyourhistorybookmentionsme.課中導(dǎo)學(xué)區(qū)1）觀察下列句子并總結(jié)規(guī)律：1.Shewasmovedbythemovingspeech.2.Sheseemssurprisedatthenews.3.Theylookedfrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.4.Thedoorisclosed.過去分詞可置于后作語，用來表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征或。其前的系動詞包括be動詞、感官動詞get,feel,remain,seem,look,bee等多種形式。過去分詞作表語1.過去分詞可放在連系動詞be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，bee等之后作表語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于一個形容詞。例：(1)Tomwasastonishedtoseeasnakemovingacrossthefloor.(2)Finallythebabyfelttiredofplayingwiththosetoys.常見的作表語的形容詞有：amused,broken,closed,astonished,crowded,experienced,delighted,lost,gone,disappointed,worried,interested,tired,pleased,satisfied,surprised,married,known等。2.Ved作表語，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別:Ved作表語，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞;被動語態(tài)中，句子主語是動作的承受者，后面常跟by。例：Thelibraryisnowclosed．(狀態(tài))Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．(動作)有些過去分詞（短語）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表動作而表狀態(tài)。bedressedin;belostin;bedevotedto;besupposedto;belocatedin;beburiedin;beparedwith;beseated;bepreparedfor;bedeterminedtodo;betiredof;beabsorbedin;bebornin;beoccupiedin3.Ved與Ving作表語的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語,過去分詞(短語)的邏輯主語就是句子主語，句子主語與過去分詞之間存在被動關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語可表時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等情況。1．過去分詞作時間狀語過去分詞作時間狀語時，相當(dāng)于時間狀語從句?？稍谶^去分詞前加上連詞“when,while,until”等，使其時間意義更明確。Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．→Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．當(dāng)從遠(yuǎn)處看時，這幅畫似乎更美了。Askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding．→Whenhewasaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding．當(dāng)被問到對教學(xué)工作的看法時，菲利普說他發(fā)現(xiàn)它既有趣又有意義。2．過去分詞作原因狀語過去分詞作原因狀語時，可轉(zhuǎn)換為由since,because或as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，這類狀語多放在句子的前半部分。Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．→BecauseIwasworriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．由于擔(dān)心考試，我這幾天感到不安。3．過去分詞作條件狀語過去分詞作條件狀語時，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if,once或unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast．→Iftheyaregrowninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast．如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。Givenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport．→IfIamgivenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport．再給我?guī)追昼姷臅r間，我就會完成這個報告。4．過去分詞作讓步狀語過去分詞作讓步狀語時，相當(dāng)于一個以though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinoveringthedifficulties．→Thoughhewasencouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinoveringthedifficulties．盡管受到了父母的鼓勵，他仍然沒有信心克服困難。Invitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．→ThoughIwasinvitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．即使被他邀請，我也不會參加聚會。5．過去分詞作方式/伴隨狀語過去分詞作方式或伴隨狀語時，通常不能轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語從句，但可用并列分句代替。Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse．→Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse．那個病人在護(hù)士的攙扶下下了床。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved．→Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved．她接受了禮物，深深地被感動了。過去分詞作狀語需注意事項(xiàng):1.過去分詞作狀語時，有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，前面可帶有連詞，如：when,while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表達(dá)得更清楚。Eg.Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.Whenaskedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.2.有些過去分詞(短語)來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表示被動而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有:lost(迷失的),seated(坐),hidden(隱藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉浸于),dressedin(穿著)等。Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時的區(qū)別.Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城市就像一個大花園。(句子的主語you與see之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)2.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，這座城市就像一個大花園。(see與句子的主語thecity之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系)過去分詞作狀語:過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子的主語之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即表被動?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，句子的主語之間與現(xiàn)在分詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即表主動?？偨Y(jié)：分詞短語的邏輯主語必須跟主句的主語保持一致。如果主句的主語和分詞是主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞，主句的主語和分詞是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。課后思學(xué)區(qū)1．Thereislittletimeleft,soyou’dbetterget(dress)quickly.2．Ithinkhermothermustfeel(fort)whensheknowsaboutherson'ssafety.3．Thehorsesgot(panic)bythegunfire.4．Ourrelationshipwas(base)onmutualdependence.5．(mit)toscientificresearch,thescientistremainedsingleallhislife.6．(pare)withotherwoman,Aliceisindeedfortunate.7．Jackwasstaringoutofthewindow,(lose)inthought.8．TheGDPofthatcountrydecreasedby20%(pare)with2019.9．(see)fromthehilltop,thelakeisextremelybeautiful.10．(delay)bytraffic,Iwaslateforthemeeting.11．Children,(acpany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.12．(adopt)bythemittee,hisplanwillbeusedinmanyfieldstoimprovepeople’slife.13．(lose)inthought,Jimdidn'tnoticethatathiefslippedintotheroom.14．(determine)togetaticketfortheconcert,hedidn’tmindstandinginalongqueue.15．(dress)inredskirt,shelookscharming.16．(attract)bythebeautifulsight,Icouldn’twaittogooutsidewithmycamera.17．(surround)byagreatmanytrees,themoderntallbuildingisthenewlybuiltstadiumofourschool.18．(intend)toenrichstudents’schoollife,ourprogramfeaturesthefunofEnglish.19．(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveatanytime.20．(found)in1636,HarvardUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.21．(give)moreattention,hecouldhavegainedmoreachievements.22．(fill)withpride,

wearelookingforwardtothenextactivity.23．(occupy)withteaching,shehadnotimeforsocialactivities.24．(employ)inteaching,hehasnotimetotakecareofhisfamily,whichmakeshiswifeupset.25．(encourage)bytheteacher’swords,hewentonwithhisresearchwork.26．When(ask)whatworkexperiencemeanttohim,theyoungmansaiditwas“theexperienceofalifetime”.27．(defeat)bytheiropponent,thebasketballteamdidn’tgiveupandkeptpracticing.28．Once(destroy),braincellsdonotregenerate(再生).29．(affect)bythedrought,thericeproductionhasdecreasedby18%inthisregion.30．Theseextinctionsincludethethirdmassextinction,(know)asthe“GreatDying”,whichkilled90%to96%ofallspecies.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Wanderingsounds,irregularrhythmsandacarrierofgentleemotionsdefinethemusicallanguageofguqin,asevenstringinstrumentcreatedinancientChina.TheearliestpieceofguqininChina,31(discover)inHubeiprovincein2016,datesbacktotheZhouDynasty.Thebodyofaguqinismadeoflacquered(上漆的)woodandthestringsoftwistedsilk.Unlikeitsseeminglysimpleappearance,makingaguqinis32(extreme)demanding.Anoutstandingpiececantakeanywherefromtwotoseveraldecades33(create).Itisaresultofartandtime.Thetoneofaguqinisquiet,lightand34(distance).Vibrations(琴弦振動)areusedtoproduceaflowingandlingering(持續(xù)的)quality,35abundantemptynotesinbetween.Asthelistenerfil