2023學(xué)年完整公開課版韓圓圓 B8u1Language points

Unit1Unit1Alandofdiversity1.Californiaisthethirdlargeststatein theUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.

population(1)對(duì)人口提問用what,不用howmany, howmuch。e.g.What’sthepopulationofthecity?

這個(gè)城市有多少人口？(2)population作主語時(shí)用單數(shù)，但前有 分?jǐn)?shù)，小數(shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用 復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan thatofAmerica.

中國人口比美國人口多。

80%ofthepopulationarefarmers.

百分之80的人口是農(nóng)民。(3)人口的增加或減少用grow(increase) 和fall(decrease);人口的多少用large 和small。

2.Scientistsbelievethatthesesettlers crossedtheBeringStraitintheArctic toAmericaby

meansofalandbridge whichexistedinprehistorictimes.

科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些遷居者通過一條史前時(shí)代曾經(jīng)存在的一條大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達(dá)美洲。a.本句的主句是Scientistsbelieve，從 句是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。b.賓語從句中which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修 飾先行詞___________。landbridgemeansn.

方式,手段(單復(fù)數(shù)相同)。e.g.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnonehasworked.Arethereanypossiblemeansofgettingthere?Somemeansarepracticalwhileothersarenot.◆聯(lián)想記憶：1)bynomeans決不，一點(diǎn)也不

e.g.Sheisbynomeanspoor;infact,sheis veryrich.2)bythismeans(inthisway)用這種方式 bymeansof用……方式e.g.Hesucceededbymeansofhardwork.3)byallmeans當(dāng)然可以,沒問題e.g.-CanIseeit?-Byallmeans.3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia, themajoritywerereligiousmen,…majorityn.大多數(shù)e.g.Themajoritywere/wasfortheplan.1)themajorityofthepeople:mostofthepeople

大多數(shù)人2)majority常與a/the連用;most后接名詞或of+n.e.g.Themajorityofthepeople/Mostpeople/Mostofthepeopleareagainsttheideaofbuildinganewfactoryhere.單獨(dú)做主語時(shí)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。a/themajorityof+n.

后可用不可數(shù)名詞，也可用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞決定。Themajority__________forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents____hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage___easytorepair.was/wereareis4.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcenturywhentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.16世紀(jì)早期,西班牙士兵到達(dá)南美洲,這時(shí)同土著人作斗爭(zhēng)并占領(lǐng)這片土地。fightfor為事業(yè),自由,真理,權(quán)利等而斗爭(zhēng)(戰(zhàn)斗)fightfor,fightagainst&fightwithe.g.Theyarefightingforfreedom.

他們正為自由而戰(zhàn)。fightagainst(可用with)theenemy“為反對(duì)……而斗爭(zhēng)”；接人和國家名詞，意思是“與……戰(zhàn)斗”fightwithsb.

也可表示與某人并肩作戰(zhàn)fightawar/battle

打一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)5.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremained

inCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.

有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亞，盡管遇到了很大的困難，也開始了新的生活。makealife開始新的生活e.g.Theygotobigcitiestomakealife.關(guān)于life的短語：earn/make/getaliving謀生lead/livea...life過著......的生活6.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixof nationalitieswillbesogreatthatthere willbenodistinctmajorracialor culturalgroups,…

人們認(rèn)為很快民族就會(huì)大融合在一起，從而沒有了非常明顯的主要種族或文化群體之分。[分析]

a.itisbelievedthat...表示“人們認(rèn) 為……”，其中it是形式主語，真正的 主語是后面的that從句。b.so...that...如此……以至于……，其中 that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。mix

vt./vi.混合、摻和(combine… sothattheycan’tbeseparated)mixAwithB1)Hemixedredpaintwithyellowpaint tomakeorangepaint.2)Itisbettertomixworkwithpleasure.3)Oildoesn’tmixwithwater.◆聯(lián)想記憶：

mixturen.

混合物

mixedadj.

混合的,復(fù)雜的,男女混合的e.g.Thecityisamixtureofancientand modernbuildings. Hearingthenews,Ihadmixedfeelings. Amixedsocietyincludespeopleofdifferentclasses,tastes,etc.Heisfamousfor________Chinesetraditionalmusic_____westernperformanceformsandinstruments.mixingwithnationality國籍,民族1)—Whatisyournationality?—I’mChinese.2)totakeAmericannationality

加入美國國籍7.…,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheir Danishculture.

閱讀下列句子，觀察keepup在句中的 意思。1)Todaythepeopleinthevillagestillkeep uptheiroriginalculture.2)Thesnowstormkeptupforfivedays.沿襲（風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等）保持，持續(xù)3)Thosehousesaresostronglybuiltthattheywouldkeepupeveninaviolentearthquake.4)Iseeyou’regettingalongwellwith yourEnglishstudies.Splendid!You mustkeepupthegoodwork.保住堅(jiān)持，維持keepupwith跟上，不落在……后 面；了解；保持聯(lián)系keepoff

擋住；（使）避開keepon

繼續(xù)（干）；堅(jiān)持（干）1.Theycouldnotkeepupwithuswhen weclimbedthemountain.

爬山的時(shí)候，他們跟不上我們。2.Sheheldanoldpieceofclothover thembothtokeeptherainoff.

她把一塊舊布料披在他們身上擋雨。3.Youjusthavetokeepontrying.選用以上短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Insomeparks,visitorsarerequested to__________thegrass.2.Let’shopethesunnyweather ________forSaturday’stennismatch.keepoffkeepsup1.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.

[分析]a.本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,也是個(gè)倒裝句。b.主句是__________________,從句是when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。c.在賓語從句中,what引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞in的賓語。noonereallyknows[考點(diǎn)]

exactly精確地，恰好，完全?？蓸?gòu)成notexactly，表示“一點(diǎn)也不，不完全是”。2.However,itislikelythatNative AmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaat leastfifteenthousandyearsago. [考點(diǎn)]

此句中的it是形式主語,真正 的主語是后面的that從句。另外, what,how,where,who等也常用作主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。3.Thatiswhytodayover40%of CaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirst orsecondlanguage.[考點(diǎn)]

why在此引導(dǎo)表語從句。表語從句也可 由what,where,when等引導(dǎo)。4.AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.

雖然中國移民在淘金熱時(shí)期就開始到來了,但是更大批量的中國移民卻是在19世紀(jì)60年代為修建貫穿美國東西海岸的鐵路而來的。[點(diǎn)撥]

此句為主從復(fù)合句,從句為although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,主句為itwas...that強(qiáng)調(diào)句,用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主語thebuildingof...。如：

Itwasbeinginvitedtothepartythatwasagreathonortothefamily.

被邀請(qǐng)參加聚會(huì)是這家人的榮幸。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itis(was)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語,賓語和狀語。

原句：Myfatherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：

Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語：

Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間：

Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.(注意不用when)

強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)：

Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.5.Inmorerecentdecades,CaliforniahasbecomehometomorepeoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.

最近幾十年,加利福尼亞成了更多亞洲人的家,其中包括韓國人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老撾人。

這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。句中有inthepastfewyears,inrecentyears等時(shí)間狀語時(shí),句子的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如:Inthepasttenyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.另外,including是介詞,

意為“包括(于……之中)”。1.—Whatn_________areyou?—IamChinese.2.Onlyafewofthemthoughthighlyoftheplan.The_______(大多數(shù))wereagainstit.3.TheTaiwan_______(海峽)separatesTaiwanIslandfromthemainland.I.根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母 或漢語提示,寫出各單詞的正確形式。nationalitymajorityStrait練習(xí)坊4.___________(移民)inthe1980swasveryhigh.5.Radioandtelevisionareimportantm____ofcommunication.6.Theunemployment__________(百分比)keepsrising.7.R_____(種族的)conflictsstillexistinmanycountries.ImmigrationmeanspercentageRacial1.Hecrossedtheriver___________araft.2.Shehopesto__________fromwriting children’sbooks.II.用所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。bymeansofmakealifemakealifebymeansofdeclarewaronfightagainstkeepupsettleinbeforcedintodoing3.I_______________takingataxibecausethelastbushadleft.4.They__