層次分析法-實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告題目層次分析法在大學(xué)生畢業(yè)擇業(yè)選擇的應(yīng)用學(xué)生姓名于超 學(xué)號(hào)20121367043 學(xué)院大氣物理學(xué)院 專業(yè)大氣科學(xué)（大氣物理方向） 指導(dǎo)教師 呂紅老師二Ｏ一四年五月五日一、問(wèn)題提出：面臨畢業(yè)，高校大學(xué)生常常徘徊在人生的岔路口，不知如何選擇,是就業(yè)、考公務(wù)員從政還是考研，假如你就是一位即將畢業(yè)的大四學(xué)生，你如何考慮這些方案？根據(jù)哪些依據(jù)進(jìn)行選擇？一般的依據(jù)有社會(huì)地位、工作環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)情況、發(fā)展前途、住房條件等因素。能否用層次分析法建模將科研單位，企業(yè)，政府，讀研等各種可能的方案排序？二、模型假設(shè)：準(zhǔn)則層：A1社會(huì)地位A2工作環(huán)境A3經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況A4發(fā)展前途A5住房社保方案層：B1企業(yè)B2科研單位B3政府公務(wù)員(事業(yè)單位)B4讀研三、模型建立：一般分為三層，最上面為目標(biāo)層，最下面為方案層，中間是準(zhǔn)則層或指標(biāo)層。建立層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型。大學(xué)生畢業(yè)選擇社會(huì)地位發(fā)展前途大學(xué)生畢業(yè)選擇社會(huì)地位發(fā)展前途住房社保經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況工作環(huán)境科研單位政府公務(wù)員讀研科研單位政府公務(wù)員讀研企業(yè)四、構(gòu)造成對(duì)比較矩陣：由MATLAB內(nèi)置函數(shù)可求得矩陣特征向量、特征值([V,D]=eig()其中V為特征向量矩陣、D為特征值矩陣)準(zhǔn)則層的各因素對(duì)目標(biāo)層的影響兩兩比較結(jié)果得準(zhǔn)則層成對(duì)比較矩陣：>>AA=1.00000.33330.14290.25000.33333.00001.00000.20000.33330.50007.00005.00001.00003.00005.00004.00003.00000.33331.00003.00003.00002.00000.20000.33331.0000>>[V,D]=eig(A)V=0.0832-0.0295+0.0912i-0.0295-0.0912i-0.0481-0.0479i-0.0481+0.0479i0.15830.1547+0.0886i0.1547-0.0886i0.0329+0.1472i0.0329-0.1472i0.8694-0.8450-0.84500.86060.86060.4106-0.2044-0.3870i-0.2044+0.3870i-0.3566+0.2499i-0.3566-0.2499i0.20890.1736-0.1528i0.1736+0.1528i0.0544-0.1987i0.0544+0.1987iD=5.1986000000.0276+0.9983i000000.0276-0.9983i00000-0.1269+0.1817i00000-0.1269-0.1817i>>該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值對(duì)應(yīng)的特征向量為0.0832,0.1583,0.8694,0.4106,0.2089）歸一化成權(quán)向量為0.0481，0.0915,0.5024,0.2373,0.1207)一致性指標(biāo)A通過(guò)一致性檢驗(yàn)方案層的各方案在準(zhǔn)則層的影響下兩兩比較結(jié)果得方案層成對(duì)比較矩陣：>>=1.00000.20000.33333.00005.00001.00003.00007.00003.00000.33331.00002.00000.33330.14290.50001.0000>>[V,D]=eig()V=-0.2028-0.1969+0.3890i-0.1969-0.3890i0.0217-0.90450.2239-0.4465i0.2239+0.4465i-0.9800-0.35650.71360.71360.1944-0.1169-0.1416-0.1766i-0.1416+0.1766i0.0367D=4.20800000-0.1199+0.9319i0000-0.1199-0.9319i00000.0319該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值對(duì)應(yīng)的特征向量為0.2028,0.9045,0.3565,0.1169）歸一化成權(quán)向量為0.1283，0.5722,0.2255,0.0740)一致性指標(biāo)通過(guò)一致性檢驗(yàn)>>B2B2=1.00005.00003.00007.00000.20001.00000.33332.00000.33333.00001.00004.00000.14290.50000.25001.0000>>[V,D]=eig(B2)V=0.89690.90280.9028-0.91290.1684-0.1384-0.0299i-0.1384+0.0299i-0.20460.3961-0.0655+0.3919i-0.0655-0.3919i0.32210.1018-0.0026-0.0839i-0.0026+0.0839i0.1450D=4.05830000-0.0043+0.4859i0000-0.0043-0.4859i0000-0.0497該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值對(duì)應(yīng)的特征向量為0.8969,0.1684,0.3961,0.1018）歸一化成權(quán)向量為0.5738，0.1077,0.2534,0.0651)一致性指標(biāo)通過(guò)一致性檢驗(yàn)>>B3B3=1.00003.00005.00009.00000.33331.00002.00006.00000.20000.50001.00004.00000.11110.16670.25001.0000>>[V,D]=eig(B3)V=-0.90290.95330.95330.5527-0.3692-0.0151+0.2290i-0.0151-0.2290i-0.7341-0.2090-0.1437+0.1071i-0.1437-0.1071i0.3928-0.0696-0.0239-0.0763i-0.0239+0.0763i-0.0364D=4.07800000-0.0271+0.5620i0000-0.0271-0.5620i0000-0.0237該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值對(duì)應(yīng)的特征向量為0.9029,0.3692,0.2090,0.0696）歸一化成權(quán)向量為0.5822，0.2381,0.1348,0.0449)一致性指標(biāo)通過(guò)一致性檢驗(yàn)>>B4B4=1.00000.20000.33330.11115.00001.00003.00000.25003.00000.33331.00000.16679.00004.00006.00001.0000>>[V,D]=eig(B4)V=0.0708-0.0065-0.0690i-0.0065+0.0690i-0.08500.3347-0.0172+0.3119i-0.0172-0.3119i-0.36460.1532-0.1355+0.0067i-0.1355-0.0067i0.20210.92710.93760.93760.9050D=4.12280000-0.0028+0.7110i0000-0.0028-0.7110i0000-0.1173該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值該成對(duì)比矩陣最大特征值對(duì)應(yīng)的特征向量為0.0708，0.3347,0.1532,0.9271）歸一化成權(quán)向量為0.0477，0.2253，0.1233,0.6240)一致性指標(biāo)通過(guò)一致性檢驗(yàn)>>B5B5=1.00000.50003.00007.00002.00001.00005.00009.00000.33330.20001.00004.00000.14290.11110.25001.0000>>[V,D]=eig(B5)V=0.4900-0.68990.1751+0.3121i0.1751-0.3121i0.84590.70350.89550.89550.19870.1694-0.211