初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之特殊疑問(wèn)句精講+精練+答案

基本概念通常以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭，對(duì)句中某一成分提問(wèn)的句子叫特殊疑問(wèn)句。常用的疑問(wèn)詞有：whatwhowhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等?？纱笾路譃?種:（簡(jiǎn)單了解）疑問(wèn)代詞：what，who，which，whose，whom疑問(wèn)副詞：when，where，why，how疑問(wèn)形容詞：what（which，whose）+名詞特殊疑問(wèn)句有兩種語(yǔ)序（１）如疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)，即對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，其語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序：疑問(wèn)詞（＋主語(yǔ)）＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋其他成分.如：-Whoissingingintheroom？-Whosebikeisbroken？（２）如疑問(wèn)詞作其他成分，即對(duì)其他成分提問(wèn)，其語(yǔ)序是：疑問(wèn)詞＋一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序？如：-Whichclassareyouin？-Whatdoesshelooklike？-Whereareyoufrom？-Whattimedoeshegetupeverymorning？-Howdoyouknow？特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答（１）回答特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，不能用yes/no，即問(wèn)什么答什么，尤其是簡(jiǎn)略回答。如：-WhoisfromCanada？-Helen(is)．-Where'stherestaurant？-Nearthestation．-Whydoyoulikekoalas？-Becausetheyarecute．（２）特殊疑問(wèn)句一般讀降調(diào)(↓)。一、由what引導(dǎo)的注釋：what即“什么”，屬于高頻使用的特殊疑問(wèn)題。1、What+系動(dòng)詞+sb/sth?1、詢問(wèn)“是什么”What'sthat?It'sanapple.那是什么？那是一個(gè)蘋果。What'sitinEnglish?It'sanorange.它用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)？它是一個(gè)orange。2、詢問(wèn)姓名What'syourname?你叫什么名字？MynameisJenny.我叫詹妮。3、詢問(wèn)職業(yè)What'she?他是做什么的？He'sadriver.他是一名司機(jī)。4、詢問(wèn)狀況What'sthematter?怎么啦？（多用于表示慰問(wèn)和關(guān)心）What'sthetrouble?是否有麻煩？5、詢問(wèn)最愛(ài)What'syourfavoritefruit?你最喜歡什么水果？Myfavoritefruitisbanana.我最喜歡香蕉。6、詢問(wèn)號(hào)碼What'sDanny'stelephonenumber?丹尼的電話號(hào)碼是多少？7、詢問(wèn)日期What'sthedatetoday?今天幾號(hào)？It'sJune1sttoday.今天是6月1號(hào)。8、詢問(wèn)天氣What'stheweatherlikeinwinterinShijiazhuang?石家莊冬天的天氣怎么樣？It'scoldandwindy.寒冷風(fēng)大。9、詢問(wèn)運(yùn)算結(jié)果What'sninepluseight?It'sfifteen。9加8等于幾？15。10、詢問(wèn)外貌特征What'sshelike?她長(zhǎng)什么樣？Sheisshortandthin.又矮又瘦。注：這里的like是介詞，表示“像”或“如…一樣”。用于要求對(duì)方描述某人/某物特征，或給出他們的意見(jiàn)，也可以寫成：Whatdoesshelooklike?2、What+名詞+動(dòng)詞+sb/sth?11、詢問(wèn)顏色Whatcolorisyourshirt?It'spink.你的襯衫是什么顏色？粉色。12、詢問(wèn)時(shí)間Whattimeisit?Itis8:00.幾點(diǎn)了？八點(diǎn)。13、詢問(wèn)尺寸Whatsizedoyouwant?您要多大尺寸的？14、詢問(wèn)種類Whatkindofquestionsshouldweask?我們?cè)搯?wèn)些什么問(wèn)題呢？15、詢問(wèn)星期幾Whatdayistoday?It'sMonday.今天星期幾？星期一。16、詢問(wèn)存在范圍Whatgradeandclassareyouin?你們是幾年級(jí)幾班的？WeareinClassTwo,GradeThree.我們是三年級(jí)二班的。3、What+助動(dòng)詞+sb/sth+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞?17、詢問(wèn)正在干什么Whatareyoudoing?你們?cè)谧鍪裁?？Wearestudyinghard.我們?cè)谂W(xué)習(xí)。注：這里的are是助動(dòng)詞，而不是系動(dòng)詞，它跟doing一起構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。18、詢問(wèn)將要干什么Whatareyougoingtobe?將來(lái)要做什么？I'mgoingtobeateacher.我要成為一名老師。注：這里的are是助動(dòng)詞，而不是系動(dòng)詞，它跟goingto一起構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。19、詢問(wèn)某人職業(yè)Whatdoyoudo?你是做什么的？I'mapoliceman.我是一名警察。20、詢問(wèn)生活習(xí)慣Whatdoyouusuallydoontheweekend?你通常在周末做什么？Ioftengohiking.我經(jīng)常去遠(yuǎn)足。21、詢問(wèn)一日三餐Whatdoyouhavefordinner?你晚飯吃什么？Ihavebeefandrice.我吃牛肉和米飯。22、詢問(wèn)上課WhatclassesdoyouhaveonWednesday?星期三你有什么課？WehaveEnglishandArtclasser.我們有英語(yǔ)課和美術(shù)課。23、詢問(wèn)觀點(diǎn)Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook?你覺(jué)得這本書怎么樣？Ithinkit'sinteresting.我覺(jué)得很有趣。4、What+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+sb/sth+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞?24、詢問(wèn)能力Whatcanyoudoathome?你在家能做什么？Icansweepthefloor.我可以掃地。25、詢問(wèn)意愿Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?午飯你想吃什么？Iwouldlikesomegreenbeans.我想吃青豆。注：這里的like是行為動(dòng)詞，意思是“喜歡”。五、其他特別句型26、Whataboutyou?那你呢？你是什么情況？①詢問(wèn)情況或打聽(tīng)消息時(shí)，若對(duì)方不明確時(shí)，可用這一句型。如：I'dlikeacupoftea.Whataboutyou?我想喝杯茶，你呢？②寒暄時(shí)用作承接上下文的轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)。如：I'mastudent.Whataboutyou?我是學(xué)生，你呢？27、What'sup?最近怎么樣？（日常問(wèn)候語(yǔ)）28、What'snew?有啥新鮮事？（日常問(wèn)候語(yǔ)）29、What'swrong?出什么問(wèn)題了？30、Whathappened?發(fā)生什么事了？二、由who/whose引導(dǎo)的注釋：who的意思是“誰(shuí)”，詢問(wèn)人（做主語(yǔ)）；；whose的意思是“誰(shuí)的”，詢問(wèn)物體的所屬?！鬢hoareyou?你是誰(shuí)？IamCara.我是卡拉。◆Whosebookisthis?這本書是誰(shuí)的？It’smine.它是我的。三、由when引導(dǎo)的注：when即“什么時(shí)候/何時(shí)”，詢問(wèn)時(shí)間?！鬢henshallwemeet?我們什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面？Tomorrow明天?！鬢henisherbirthday?她什么時(shí)候生日？May1isherbirthday.五月一號(hào)是她的生日?！鬢hendoyougetupeveryday?你每天什么時(shí)候起床？At6:00a.m.早上六點(diǎn)。四、由where引導(dǎo)的注：where即“哪里，在哪里”，詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)。◆Wherewillyouspendthesummerholiday?你會(huì)去哪里過(guò)暑假？I'mgoingtoHawaii.我要去夏威夷。◆Whereisyourcoat?你的外套在哪?。縄t’sonthesofa.在沙發(fā)上。五、由why引導(dǎo)的注：why即“為什么”，詢問(wèn)原因，回答從句一般由because引導(dǎo)?！鬢hyisn’theatschooltoday?他今天為什么不在學(xué)校？Becauseheisill.因?yàn)樗×??！鬢hyareyousobusy?你為什么總是這么忙？BecauseIhavetomakemoney.因?yàn)槲业觅嶅X。六、由which引導(dǎo)的注釋：which即“哪一，哪一個(gè)”，問(wèn)一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物?！鬢hichboxisyours?哪個(gè)盒子是你的？Theblueone.藍(lán)色的那個(gè)?！鬢hichbookdoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪本書？TheLittlePrince.《小王子》?！鬢hichcountrydoyoucomefrom?你來(lái)自哪個(gè)國(guó)家？China.中國(guó)。七、由how引導(dǎo)的注：how即“怎么，怎么樣”，詢問(wèn)健康狀況、程度以及做事的方式等，可以和形容詞一起用構(gòu)成含有具體含義的特殊疑問(wèn)句。1.日常問(wèn)候◆Howdoyoudo?你好嗎？(初次見(jiàn)面用語(yǔ))◆Howareyou?你好嗎？(熟人間問(wèn)候語(yǔ))◆Howisyourmother?你媽媽好嗎？(詢問(wèn)他人情況)2.詢問(wèn)看法HowdoyouliketheEnglishteacher?你覺(jué)得英語(yǔ)老師怎么樣？Sheissowarm-hearted.她很熱心。3.詢問(wèn)感覺(jué)Howdoyoufeel?=Howisyourfeeling?你感覺(jué)如何？Ifeelhappy.我覺(jué)得很開(kāi)心。4.詢問(wèn)年齡Howoldareyou?你多大了？I'mnine.我9歲了。5.詢問(wèn)方式◆Howdoyoursistergotoschool?你姐姐是怎么去上學(xué)的？Sheusuallygotoschoolbybike.她通常騎自行車去上學(xué)?！鬑owcanIgettothecinema?我怎么去電影院？Youcangettherebybus.你可以坐公交車去。6.詢問(wèn)意見(jiàn)Howaboutgoingoutforawalk?出去走走怎么樣？Thatsoundsgood!聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。注：Howabout句型有時(shí)也可切換為Whatabout，區(qū)別在于Howabout后面通常跟動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞，Whatabout后面通常跟名詞。如：Whataboutanothercake?再來(lái)一塊蛋糕怎么樣？No,thanks.不用了，謝謝。7.詢問(wèn)多少◆Howmanybooksarethereinthelibrary?圖書館里多少本書？Therearethousandsofbooks.有成千上萬(wàn)的書。◆Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?你有多少錢？Only3dollars.只有3美元。8.詢問(wèn)價(jià)格◆Howmucharetheapples?這些蘋果多少錢？Fivedollars.5美元?！鬑owmuchisthecar?這輛車多少錢？About$20,000.大約兩萬(wàn)美元。9.詢問(wèn)距離◆Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?從這兒到你學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)？It'sabouttenminutes'walk.大約十分鐘步行的路程。◆Howfarisitfromheretothezoo?從這兒到動(dòng)物園有多遠(yuǎn)？Itisonlyafive-minuteride.只要五分鐘路程。10.詢問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度◆Howlongisit?它有多長(zhǎng)？Idon’tknow.我不知道?！鬑owlongistheriver?這條河有多長(zhǎng)？About500km.大約500千米。11.詢問(wèn)次數(shù)◆HowmanytimesdoyoureadEnglisheveryday?你每天讀多少次英語(yǔ)？Onceortwice.一次或兩次。12.詢問(wèn)頻率（多久一次）◆Howoftendoyouhaveamusicclass?你每多久上一次音樂(lè)課？Twiceaweek.一周一次。13.詢問(wèn)時(shí)長(zhǎng)（多久或多快）A.對(duì)for＋時(shí)間段提問(wèn)，表示多久，疑問(wèn)詞一般用Howlong?！鬑owlongwillyoustaythere?你將在那兒呆多久？Abouttwoweeks.大約兩個(gè)星期。B.對(duì)in＋時(shí)間段提問(wèn)，表示多快，疑問(wèn)詞一般用Howsoon?！鬑owsoonwillyoucomeback?你過(guò)多久回來(lái)？Intwohours.2小時(shí)以后。以上就是What，Which,Who,Whose,Whom，When,Where,Why,How這些疑問(wèn)詞，及由其引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)啦~練習(xí)一、用“what,why,which,when,how"填空。1.--________isLiMingdoing?--Heisreadingabook.2.--________didyougotoShanghai?--Byplane.3.--________doyoulikewinter?--BecauseIcanski.4.--________seasondoyoulikebest?--Fall.5.--________didyoucometoCanada?--At7:00.二、單項(xiàng)選擇。1．－_____isyourdictionary?－10Yuan.A.HowmuchB.HowmanyC.WhatD.Whose2．－_______subjectsdoyouhave?－Seven.A.HowlongB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howfar3．－_______doyoulikebest?－Ilikemathbest.A.WhichsubjectB.WhatfoodC.WhatcolorD．Whichsport4.－________doyoulikescience?－________it’sinteresting.A.Why;SoB.What;BecauseC.Why;BecauseD.How;Because5.When_______thegirl________herhomework?A.does;doesB.does;doC.do;doesD.do;do6.—Doeshewanttogotoamovie?—_______.A.Yes,hedoesB.No,hedoesC.Yes,hedoesn’tD.Yes,sheis7.－_______kindofmoviesdoyoulike?－Ilikecomediesverymuch.A.What’sB.HowC.WhatD.Why8.－______arethesebananas?－Fivedollars.A.WhatcolorB.HowaboutC.HowmuchD.Howmany9.－Canweplayfootballinthestreet?－No,you_____.It’sdangerous.A.canB.mustn’tC.mayD.maynot10.－_____doesheplayfootball?－Intheafternoon.A.WhenB.WhereC.HowD.What11.—_____isyourfather?Doeshestillworkasanengineer?—Yes,hehasbeenanengineerforthirtyyears.A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Which12.—_____doesyourfathergotothefitnesscenter?—Heexercisestheretwiceaweek.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.Howlong13.—_________willtheinvitationsbesenttoourguests?—Inthreedays.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar14.—_____isitfromtheNewTowntotheoldcitycentre?—Lessthan30minutesbyunderground.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar15.—________isMary?—Thegirlwithshorthair.A.WhichB.WhatC.WhereD.Why三、按要求完成句子。1.Hisfavoritesubjectisart.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）______________hisfavoritesubject?2.Theylikebroccoli.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________they________broccoli?3.Ilikethrillersbecauseit’sscary.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________________________thrillers?4.Mybookisonthesofa.(一般疑問(wèn)句并回答)－________________bookonthesofa?－Yes,______is./No,it_______.5.Hissisterlikestobeamusician.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________tobeamusician?6.Hedoeshishomeworkafterschooleveryday.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)_______he_______hishomeworkafterschooleveryday？7.JohnhasP.E.onMonday.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________JohnhaveP.E.?8.Mrs.Yangworksinashop.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）________doesMrs.Yang_______？9.Theyareunderthebed.(一般疑問(wèn)句并回答)－______________underthebed?－Yes,______________.---No,_______________.10.MyfatherisOK.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________yourfather?11.Doesshelikeicecream?(作否定回答)_________,she_________.12.Mybedisyellow.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）______________is_______bed?13.That’sabox.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定回答)－________________abox?－______,________________.14.Thenotebookisinthebag.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）_________thenotebook?15.Icanspellthat.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________________spellthat?四、通讀下列對(duì)話，然后根據(jù)上下文補(bǔ)全對(duì)話內(nèi)容。A:1._____________,Mrs.Chen?B:I’mfine,thankyou,Allen.A:Mrs.Chen,yourclasseshavebeengreat.B:2______________.Allen,whatdoyouhopetodointhefuture?A:Ihopetopasstheexamtogetintoseniorhighschool.B:Soundsgreat!3.______________?A:IwanttobeapilotwhenIgrowup.B:4._________________?A:I’mgoingtostudymathandphysicsreallyhard.Theyarehelpful.B:5.________________?A:I’mgoingtoworkinShanghai.It’sagoodplacetoworkthere.B:Ithinkyoucanmakeitoneday.A:Thankyou,Mrs.Chen.I’msureIwill!五、書面表達(dá)。動(dòng)物是人類的好朋友，你一定有自己最喜歡的動(dòng)物。請(qǐng)你以“Myfavoriteanimal”為題，介紹你最喜歡的動(dòng)物以及你喜歡它的原因，要求不少于60詞。1.Whatisyourfavoriteanimal?