Unit 2綜合復(fù)習(xí)講義 人教版英語八年級上冊

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?Grammar一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：a.主系表主語＋was/were＋其他.b.主謂賓主語＋謂語動詞（過去式）＋賓語.—昨天你做了什么？________________________________—我去游泳了。________________________________我讀中學(xué)時經(jīng)常騎自行車去學(xué)校。_______________________________________1.一般過去時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)①實義動詞：肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他.我昨天看了電影。________________________________否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形+其他。我昨天沒看電影。________________________________一般疑問句及其回答：Did+主語+動詞原形+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主語+did.否定回答：No,主語+didn’t/didnot.—你昨天去看電影了嗎？_____________________________________________—是的，我去了。/不，我沒去。________________________________特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他？—你昨天去哪兒了？________________________________—我昨天去看電影了。________________________________②be動詞肯定句：主語+was/were+其他.我昨天在家。________________________________否定句：主語+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.我昨天沒在家。________________________________一般疑問句及其回答：Were/Was+主語+其他?—你昨天在家嗎？________________________________—是的，我在家。/不，我不在家。________________________________特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+were/was+主語+其他?—你昨天在哪？________________________________—我昨天在家。________________________________2.一般過去時的構(gòu)成情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加-edwash→washedhelp→helped以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾加-dhope→hopedlike→liked以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾變y為i，再加-edcarry→carriedstudy→studied結(jié)尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-edstop→stoppedplan→planned3.如何判定一般過去時（1）通過句子中是否有表示過去的時間狀語來判定。=1\*GB3①介詞＋表示過去時間的年、月、日in1983=2\*GB3②yesterday以及由yesterday構(gòu)成的短語：yesterdaymorning/afternoon/eveningthedaybeforeyesterday=3\*GB3③帶有ago的短語threedaysagofiveyearsago。=4\*GB3④last構(gòu)成的短語lastweek/year/month=5\*GB3⑤表示過去的詞或短語onceatthattimejustnow（2）若找不到明顯的時間狀語，則通過上下文判斷?！闳ツ膬毫?？_______________________________—我去北京了。________________________________（3）兩個或兩個以上動詞用and連接時，若前一個動詞為過去式，后面的動詞也要用其過去式。我打開了電視，坐下來看節(jié)目。__________________________________________【例題】1.—Anicecar!Isityours?—No,itisn’t.I_____________itfromafriendofminetwodaysago.A.borrow B.haveborrowedC.willborrow D.borrowed2.Mymotherhadbreakfastand_____________towork.A.go B.wentC.going D.togo4.肯定句如何變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?）含有系動詞was，were→直接在其后加not。（2）含有情態(tài)動詞could等時→直接在其后加not。（3）含有實義動詞→在該動詞前加didnot/didn’t，并且該動詞變?yōu)樵巍?.陳述句如何變一般疑問句和特殊疑問句（1）若句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則把它們移到句首。（2）若句中是行為動詞，則在句首加Did，謂語動詞改為原形。（3）特殊疑問句則需在一般疑問句基礎(chǔ)上加上特殊疑問詞?！纠}】1.—Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.—Itmustbetherepairman.I______himtocometofixourfridgetwohoursago. A.call B.havecalled C.called2.—Yourcoatfitsyouwell.—Thankyou.I_____________itwhenIwasonvacation. A.havebought B.buy C.boughtVocabularyanyonepron.任何人anywhereadv.在任何地方somethingpron.某事；某物nothingpron.沒有什么；沒有一件東西everyonepron.每人；人人；所有人someonepron.某人1.anyonepron.任何人相當(dāng)于anybody，常用于否定句或疑問句中。你和別人一起去的嗎？________________________________有人在嗎？________________________________他告訴她不要告訴任何人。________________________________【注意】anyone作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。有人看足球比賽嗎？________________________________2.anywhereadv.在任何地方你去什么有趣的地方了嗎？________________________________我哪兒也見不到它。________________________________【易混辨析】anywhere,somewhere,everywhere與nowhereanywhere意為＂在任何地方＂。常用于否定句和疑問句中。somewhere意為＂在某處＂，常用于肯定句。everywhere意為＂到處；各個地方＂，相當(dāng)于hereandthere。nowhere意為＂無處，哪里都不＂，表示否定意義。今晚你要去什么地方嗎？________________________________我想我在某個地方見過它。________________________________當(dāng)你在那座城市住的時候，你都去哪兒了？_______________________________—______________________________哪兒都去了。【注意】當(dāng)形容詞修飾anywhere，somewhere或nowhere等詞時，形容詞要后置。昨天我們?nèi)チ艘粋€美麗的地方。________________________________3.nothingpron.沒有什么；沒有一件東西只能用于指物，作主語時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)形式?？捎脕砘卮饂hat引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句及含anything的一般疑問句。________________________________不，我沒買什么。報紙上沒有什么有趣的東西。________________________________=________________________________—箱子里有什么？________________________________—什么東西也沒有。________________________________【拓展】復(fù)合不定代詞由some-、any-、every-、no-與-one、-body、-thing構(gòu)成的代詞成為復(fù)合不定代詞。-body-one-thingsome-somebody某人someone某人something某事any-anybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事every-everybody每人everyone每人everything所有事物no-nobody沒有人noone沒有人nothing沒有什么（1）肯定some否疑any；委婉疑問some用起：你有什么興趣愛好嗎？________________________________我需要一些幫助。________________________________（2）定語修飾不定代詞，放在不定代詞之后：我想嘗一點甜點。________________________________Tom發(fā)現(xiàn)只有他自己一人。________________________________4.wonderfuladj.精彩的；絕妙的我們昨晚過得非常愉快。________________________________再次見到你真叫人高興！________________________________5.quiteafew相當(dāng)多；不少fewadj.&pron.不多；很少quiteafew修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，多用于口語中，相當(dāng)于many，其后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生騎自行車上學(xué)。________________________________他會在這兒待不少天。________________________________【quiteafew與quitealittle】quitealittle許多，相當(dāng)多。修飾不可數(shù)名詞。杯子里有很多水。________________________________【例題】Thereare_______________people,soit’sverycrowded.A.quiteafew B.alot C.quitealittle D.few6.mostadj.&adv.&pron.大多數(shù)的，大部分的；最多，大多數(shù)大部分的孩子都非常喜歡踢足球。________________________________大部分時間________________________________這兒大部分時間都很喧鬧。________________________________【例題】_______________don’tliketheirchildrentoplaycomputergamestoomuch.A.mostparents B.mostoftheparentsC.Mostparents D.Mosttheparent7.myselfpron.我自己；我本人yourselfpron.你自己；您自己________________________________我給我的父母買了一些東西，但什么都沒給自己買。你為什么不給自己買些東西呢？________________________________【拓展】反身代詞用來表示強調(diào)或反射的代詞，意思是“自己、本身、親自”。人稱單/復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myself我自己ourselves我們自己第二人稱yourself你自己yourselves你們自己第三人稱himself他自己themselves他/她/它們自己herself她自己itself它自己用法1：用于加強語氣，通常譯為“本人”“親自”。thewriterhimself作者本人Mollyherself莫莉本人我打算給我自己買一雙新鞋。________________________________他本人就是一位作家。________________________________用法2：by+反身代詞表示“單獨地、獨立地”她自學(xué)英語。________________________________我一個人怎么大掃除？________________________________用法3：固定短語dressoneself自己穿衣服enjoyoneself玩得愉快helponeself(to)請隨便吃teachonself自學(xué)lookafter/takecareofoneself照顧自己dressoneself自己穿衣服我們昨晚玩得很開心。________________________________請你隨便吃點魚。________________________________注意：一般反身代詞不能單獨做主語。我自己能完成作業(yè)。Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(√) Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.(×)8.seemv.好像；似乎；看來1）主語+seem+(tobe)+adj./n.Tom似乎是一個聰明的男孩________________________________2)主語+seem+todo他似乎不喜歡這個主意________________________________3)Itseemsthat+從句其中it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。似乎沒人知道公園里發(fā)生了什么________________________________她看起來很高興/煩躁。________________________________=________________________________【例題】1.Childrenseemed_________eatingsomethingintheroom.A.thatB.toC.tobeD./2.They_______tobeteachers.They_______verykindtothechildren.A.look;seemB.appear;seemC.seem;lookD.appear;look9.enjoyableadj.有樂趣的；令人愉快的________________________________我們昨天在森林公園玩得很開心。10.enoughadj.&adv.足夠的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）名前形后:①做形容詞“足夠的；充足的”，修飾名詞，通常位于名詞之前：enough+名詞enoughmoneyenoughtime我爸爸沒有帶足夠的錢。________________________________②做副詞“足夠”，修飾形容詞或副詞，常位于形容詞或副詞之后：形容詞/副詞+enough他太小了不能去上學(xué)________________________________【例題】1.Idon’tknowhim_______toaskhimforhelp.A.goodenoughB.enoughgoodC.enoughwellD.wellenough2.Thismoviewasn’t_______.Hefellasleephalfwaythroughit.A.interestingenoughB.enoughinterestingC.interestedenoughD.enoughinterested11.decidev.決定；選定（decisionn.決定）decide(not)todosth=makeadecision(not)todosth決定（不）做某事________________________________所以我們決定去賓館附近的海灘。12.tryv.&n.嘗試；設(shè)法；努力①trytodosth努力去做某事我們必須努力讓夢想實現(xiàn)。________________________________②trydoingsth嘗試做某事我嘗試了一下游泳，但仍然不會。________________________________③tryone’sbesttodosth盡某人最大的努力去做某事我將盡我的努力完成作業(yè)。________________________________④其他短語：haveatry試一試tryon試穿1.arrive:動詞：到達arrivein+大地點arriveat+小地點2.paragliding:名詞：滑翔傘運動3.feellike:感覺像…Theoldmanfeltlikeachildwhenhewasintheoldyard.4.形容詞修飾不定代詞放在不定代詞之后。e.g.somethingcolorfulsomethingbeautiful5.rode是ride的過去式：騎e.g.Judyrodeahorsetoschoolinthelast.6.trader:名詞：交易者，商人e.g.TherewerealotofsuccessfulChinesetradersinthepast.7.wonder+wh詞：想知道…e.g.Amywonderedwhogaveherthepresent.8.enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事e.g.Sallyreallyenjoysreadinghistorybooks.9.makeadifference:起作用；產(chǎn)生影響Ifyoubecomepositive,itwillmakeadifference.10.walkupto:朝著…向上走11.over:介詞：超過；多于e.g.Thestudentshereareovertwothousand.12.toomany:過多的e.g.Therearetoomanypeopleinthisarea.13.hard:副詞：猛烈地e.g.Thewindblewhardyesterday.14.becauseof:因為becauseof+名詞/名詞短語e.g.Becauseoftherain,wecanceledthesportsmeeting.【練習(xí)一】一、單項選擇1.Atpresent,childrenmean(意味著)_______tomostparentsinChina.A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something2.Look!

The

clock

has

stopped.

Maybe

there’s

_______

wrong

with

it.

A.

everything

B.

something

C.

anything

D.

nothing

3.—Morning,class.Is______heretoday?—No,sir.Tomisabsent.Heisillathome.A.anybodyB.everybodyC.nobodyD.somebody4.This

work

needs

close

teamwork.

______

will

be

achieved

unless

we

work

well

together.

A.

Nothing

B.

Anything

C.

Something

D.

Everything5._______mayhaveachancetobesuccessfulifhetrieshisbest.A.NoneB.NobodyC.SomebodyD.Everybody6.Ididn’tmeet_______________there.A.someoneimportant B.anyoneimportantC.importantsomeone D.importantanyone7.—Wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation,Lily?—It’shothere.I’dliketogo_______________.A.anywherecool B.coolsomewhere C.somewherecool8.—Mom,canIhave____________toeat?I’mhungry.—Sorry,there’s__________inthefridge.ButIthinkwecangooutfordinnernow.A.nothing；nothing B.something；nothing C.anything；something D.something；something二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Isthere______________(something)intheroom?2.Icouldn’tsee______________(someone)ontheplayground.3.----Didyoubuy_______________(something)foryourparents?-----No,Ibought______________(something).4.____________(Something)isexpensiveinthatshop.Idon’tgothere.5.Ihave______________(something)importanttotellyounow.三、選擇所給的單詞填空。anyoneanythingeveryoneeverythingnothingnoonesomeonesomething1.__________likestobefriendswithhimbecauseheisfriendly.2.Listen!Ihave_____________importanttosay.3.----Isthere___________watchingTV?----No,__________.4.___________isknockingatthedoor.Whoisit?5.----Didyoudo_____________speciallastweekend?__________much.6.Ifyoutryyourbest,____________iseasy.【練習(xí)二】一、用所給代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Canyoufinishthehomeworkby___________(you)?2.Shetaught___________(she)toplaytheguitar.3.Mybrotherfelloverandhurt___________(he).4.Allofusmustfinishtheworkby___________(us).5.HuBingandChenLeitaught___________(them)Japanese.6.Help___________(you)tosomefish,children.7.Tom___________(he)cametovisithisteacher.二、單項選擇。1.WelcomeyoualltoGuangyuanandenjoy___________here.A.you

B.your

C.yourselves

2.Look!Theboysaremakingthemodelboatby___________

.A.himself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.yourselves

3.Class,pleaseteach___________

thearticlewewilllearntomorrow.A.yourselves

B.yourself

C.ourselves

4.Whentimesaredifficult,tell___________thatpain(痛苦)ispartofgrowing.A.you

B.yourself

C.your

D.yours5.Idon’twanttobe_____else.Ijustwanttobe______.A.anybody;myself

B.somebody;myself

C.everybody;me

D.anybody;me6.—Jack,youswamverywell.Whotaughtyou?—NobodyItaught___________.A.I

B.me

C.myself

D.mine

7.NobodytaughttheoldladyhowtouseWechat.Shelearneditallby

___________.A.she

B.her

C.herself

D.hers

8.Didyoudothehomework______?A.youB.yourselfC.yourD.yours9.HisnameisJames,butheusuallycalls______Jim.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself10.—Youruncleisverygoodatcooking!Howdidhelearnit?—Helearneditby______.A.himB.himselfC.herD.herself11.LindaandKittywillgototheparkby______nextSunday.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves12.—Didyouenjoy______inChengdulastweek?—Yes,Ihadgreatfunthere.A.myselfB.yourselfC.ourselvesD.themselves【綜合練習(xí)】一、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.IwanttogoonvacationbutIcan’t__________________(決定)whentogo.2.Canyoufindany__________________(不同點)betweenthetwinbrothers?3.Wehavelotsof__________________(活動)afterschool.Welikethemverymuch.4.Youcanseeanoldmuseumbetweenthetwotall__________________(建筑物).5.Iwanttobuyan__________________(雨傘).Theoldoneisbroken.二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空6.Thatwasan__________________(enjoy)experienceforme.7.Doyoukeep__________________(diary)everyday?8.I__________________(wonderful)whocanhelpusdothat.9.IcanlearnEnglishby__________________(I).10.Isyourfathera__________________(trade)orateacher?三、單項選擇1.You’dbetternotreadtoday’snewspaperbecausethereis____________init. A.nothingspecial B.anythingnew C.everythingimportant D.somethinginteresting2.—JudyandIwillgotothebeachtomorrow.—It’ssonice.Enjoy__________________. A.yourselves B.yourselfC.herself D.themselves3.Jimsitsbehindme,soIsit__________________him. A.atthetopof B.attheendofC.inthemiddleof D.infrontof4.Ifeltlike__________________intheskylikeabird. A.fly B.flewC.amflying D.flying5.—Sally,Iwenttotheconcertlastnight.HowbigSuzhouMusicHallis!—Soitis.Itis________toholdmorethanonethousandpeople. A.bigenough B.enoughbigC.toobig D.bigtoo6.—I’m__________________,Mom.CanIhavesomethingtoeat?—OK.Here’ssomebread. A.full B.heavyC.hungry D.thirsty7.—CanyouspeakChinese,Steve?—Yes,only__________________.IcametoChinaonlyamonthago. A.few B.afewC.little D.alittle8.Believeyourself.You’rebetterthan_______.You’rethebest.Wishyousuccess. A.anyoneelse B.someoneelse C.elseanyone D.elsesomeone9.—__________________theheavyrain,wedidn’tgocampingyesterday.—Whatapity! A.Becausethat B.BecauseofC.InsteadofD.Asfor10.—Howwasyourdayoff?—Prettygood!I__________________theScienceMuseumwithmyclassmates. A.visited B.visitC.willvisit D.wasvisitingUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise?Grammar一、howoften引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句1.howoften意為＂多久(一次)＂，它引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句用來詢問某動作發(fā)生的頻率。howoften通常是對一些表示頻率的副詞提問，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，hardlyever，never等，也可以對表示＂多久幾次＂之類的頻率短語提問，如onceaweek，twiceayear，threetimesaday等。—_____________________________________________你多久回家一次?—_____________________________________________一周一次/經(jīng)常/有時。2.特別提示：若僅對像once，twice，threetimes這樣只表示次數(shù)的詞語提問，要用howmanytimes＂多少次＂，不用howoften?！猒____________________________________________你去過北京多少次?—_____________________________________________僅僅一次。3.注意howoften與其他短語的區(qū)別（1）howlong主要用來提問動作延續(xù)了多長時間；howlong也可以用來詢問長度?！猒____________________________________________這本書我能借多長時間?—_____________________________________________兩周?！猒____________________________________________這座橋有多長?（2）howsoon將要多久時間、多久以后、多快，時態(tài)多為將來時，答語通常為＂in+一段時間＂。—_____________________________________________你還有多久能到這里?—_____________________________________________五分鐘以后。（3）howfar用來詢問兩地之間的距離＂有多遠＂?！猒____________________________________________你家離你的工廠有多遠?—_____________________________________________步行大約20分鐘。【例題】—______________doesyourfathergotothefitnesscenter?—Heexercisestheretwiceaweek.A.Howsoon B.Howoften C.Howlong二、＂比較法＂學(xué)習(xí)頻率副詞相同點always，usually，often，sometimes，hardlyever，never都是頻率副詞，句中只有一個行為動詞時，應(yīng)位于動詞之前；當(dāng)有助動詞、系動詞、情態(tài)動詞時，位于其后；謂語動詞為多個時，放在第一個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后(有not時，放not之后)。always(100%)（1）always表示動作重復(fù)，狀態(tài)連續(xù)，中間從來沒有間斷，表示頻率最大，意思是＂總是，一直，永遠＂。其反義詞為never。（2）always與進行時態(tài)連用，并不強調(diào)動作正在進行，而是表示說話人的＂贊嘆、不滿、厭煩＂等情緒，帶有強烈的感情色彩，結(jié)構(gòu)：bealwaysdoingsth。?Sheisalwaysaskingforleave.她老是請假。(表示不滿)（3）always與not連用，表示部分否定，意思是＂不總是＂。?Idonotalwaysbelievewhathesays.我并沒始終相信他所說的話。usually(80%左右)usually的頻率僅次于always，意為＂通常＂，表示通常如此，很少例外。其反義詞為unusually。usually一般情況下位于句中。?Heusuallygoestobedatteno’clock.他通常在10點睡覺。?WhatdoyouusuallydoonSundays?你通常星期天干什么?often(50%左右)often＂經(jīng)常，常常＂，強調(diào)經(jīng)常性，表示動作重復(fù)，中間有間斷，它比always，usually語氣弱，其反義詞為seldom。?Theyoftengoforawalkaftersupper.晚飯后，他們常常去散步。?Sheisoftenlateforwork.她上班常遲到。sometimes(30%左右)（1）sometimes表示＂有時，不時，間或＂，同義詞組為attimes，表示動作偶爾發(fā)生，中間間隔較大，頻率比often小。（2）sometimes有時為了對比或強調(diào)，也可位于句首或句末，但不引起倒裝。?Sometimeshesleptathome,sometimeshesleptintheoffice.他有時在家睡覺，有時在辦公室睡覺。hardlyever(1%-10%左右)（1）hardlyever＂幾乎從不，很少＂，所表示的頻率已經(jīng)很少了，相當(dāng)于seldom。?Hehardlyevergoestobedbeforemidnight.他很少在半夜前就寢。（2）hardlyever是具有否定意義的副詞，不與not連用。never(0%)（1）never表示＂從來不，未曾，永不＂，頻率為零，表示動作或狀態(tài)從沒發(fā)生。（2）通常情況下，句子中用了never，就不再用含有否定意義的not，no，nothing等詞。（3）never位于句首時要用倒裝語序。?NeverhaveImetsuchastrangeperson.我從來沒有碰見過這么怪的人。小提示（1）表示頻率的答語有everyday，onceaweek，threetimesaday等。（2）對表示頻率的副詞和短語提問用howoften。頻度副詞用法行前系后情助后，句首句末表強調(diào)。（行：行為動詞；系：系動詞be；情：情態(tài)動詞；助：助動詞）【例題】—Doyoulikegoingmountainclimbing?—Yes,I______________doitonweekendswithmyfriends.A.seldom B.oftenC.never D.hardlyever特殊疑問句中與how相關(guān)的疑問詞組用法詞組詞義用法答語特征howlong多久詢問時間多長for/about＋一段時間howoften多久一次詢問動作的頻率often，twiceaweek等howsoon過多久以后詢問時間多久（用于一般將來時）in＋一段時間howfar多遠詢問距離多遠tenminutes’walkhowmany多少詢問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)howmuch多少詢問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞＋表示量的詞＋of＋不可數(shù)名詞多少錢詢問價格數(shù)詞＋貨幣單位【練習(xí)一】一、單項選擇1.—____________isthenearesthospitalfromhere?—Er,it’sabouttenminutes’walk.A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howoften2.—____________willyoucomeback?—Iwillcomebackineighteendays.A.Howoften B.Howlong C.Howsoon D.Howmuch3.—____________willyouflytoBeijing?—Intwodays.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.HowsoonD.Howabout4.—______willthe6thChineseFilmFestivalinFrancelast?—FromMay24thtoJuly19th.A.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howlong D.Howmany5.—I_______eatvegetables.—Buttheyaregoodforyourhealth!Weshouldeatthemeveryday.A.often B.usually C.always D.seldom6.Mealsareveryboring.He_________hasthesamethingtoeateveryday.A.never B.usually C.sometimesD.seldom7.—HaveyoueverbeentoGuilin?—No,____________.IhopeIcangotherenextyear.A.always B.sometimes C.never D.often8.Thereislotsofinterestingworktodohere,soI____________feelbored.A.always B.often C.usually D.never9.—HowoftendoesMikegotothenetbar?—____________.Heissobusywithhisstudy.A.Almosteveryday B.Always C.HardlyeverD.usually10.—____________doIneedtofeedthepetdog?—Twiceaday.A.Howlong B.HowmuchC.Howsoon D.Howoften11.—HowoftendoesMikegotothenetbar?—_______.Heissobusywithhisstudy.A.Almosteveryday B.Always C.HardlyeverD.never12.—____________doyouplayfootball?—Never.Idon’tlikethat.A.Howfar B.Howmany C.Howoften D.Howlong13.—Howmanyhoursdoyouexerciseeveryday?—____________.A.TwiceadayB.SecondC.TwoD.Twotimes14.Ifmyfriendshaveanyproblems,mydooris____________opentothem.A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.always15.I____________rideabiketoschool.Butthismorning,Iwalkedtoschool.A.never B.hardlyC.seldom D.usually二、用howlong，howoften，howsoon，howfar完成下列句子1.—____________haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreeyears.2.—_____________willheback?—Infiveminutes.3.—______________doyouvisityougrandparents?—Onceaweek.4.—________________shouldIthrowit?—Fivemetres.Vocabulary1.hardlyadv.幾乎不；幾乎沒有everadv.在任何時候；從來；曾經(jīng)hardlyever相當(dāng)于hardly,ever起強調(diào)作用。其中hardly用作副詞，意為“幾乎不/沒有”，它本身具有否定意義，不能再與其他否定詞連用。Shehardlyevereatsanything.她幾乎什么都沒吃。There’shardlyanyfoodleft.幾乎沒有剩下食物。 【易混辨析】hardly與hard用法例句hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不”Hehardlyworks.他幾乎不工作。hard用作副詞，意為＂努力地＂；用作形容詞，意為“硬的；困難的”。Heworkshard.他工作努力。Thereweresomehardquestionsontheexampaper.試卷中有些難題?！纠}】1.（2015?湖北黃岡）—Howoftendoyouhaveaschooltripthisterm?—____________.Sinceseveralaccidentshappenedtosomeschools,theschooloutdooractivitieshavebeenaskedtostop.A.Always B.HardlyeverC.Sometimes D.Often2.選擇所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。hardly,hard1.People_____________everkeeptheirresolutions(決心),thoughtheymakethem.2.Inordertopasstheexam,youneedtoworkmuch_____________now.2.onceadv.一次；曾經(jīng)twiceadv.兩次；兩倍次數(shù)的表達once一次twice兩次threetimes三次manytimes很多次—_____________________________________________你多久去看一次電影？—_____________________________________________一周一次。3.fulladj.忙的；滿的；充滿的其同義詞：busy，反義詞：free。_____________________________________________她的生活太忙了，以至于她沒有時間培養(yǎng)業(yè)余愛好?！就卣埂浚?）full用作形容詞，還可意為＂滿的；充滿的＂，其反義詞是empty（空的）。常用短語：befullof充滿……；裝滿……＂。Theclassroomisfullofstudents.教室里滿是學(xué)生。Hecouldonlynodbecausehismouthwasfull.他只能點點頭，因為他嘴里塞滿了東西。（2）full用作形容詞，還可意為＂飽的＂，其反義詞是hungry（饑餓的）。Ican’teatanymore.Iamquitefull.我不能再吃了，我相當(dāng)飽了?！纠}】Yourgardenis____________beautifulflowers.A.fullof B.fullwith C.filledof D.fillwith4.maybeadv.大概；或許；可能表示推測，一般位于句首。Maybethesenutrientsarehelpfultoyourhealth.或許這些營養(yǎng)品對你的健康有幫助。Maybeheknowsthewaytothezoo.也許他知道去動物園的路?！疽谆毂嫖觥縨aybe與maybe用法例句maybe副詞，意思是＂也許，可能＂，在句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe/Perhapstheweatherwillgetbetter.可能天氣會變得好一些。Maybeyouarerightandshemaybealittlelate.或許你說得對，她可能有點晚了。maybemay是情態(tài)動詞，be是動詞原形，兩者構(gòu)成完整的謂語形式，與主語形成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，意為＂也許是；可能是＂。Maybehe’swrong.=Hemaybewrong.或許他錯了。Hemaybeintheoffice.=Maybeheisintheoffice.他或許在辦公室?！纠}】—Lookattheanimalbehindthetree.It_______cat.—________youareright.A.maybe；Maybe B.maybe；MaybeC.maybe；Maybe D.maybe；Maybe5.leastadv.最??；最少adj.&pron.最小的；最少的little（原級）--less（比較級）--least（最高級）atleast至少_____________________________________________這三個人中，他的錢最少。_____________________________________________我每天至少學(xué)習(xí)6個小時。_____________________________________________他至少應(yīng)該說聲謝謝。【例題】Thereare____________threethousandpeopleinthepark.A.atonceB.atallC.atleastD.ataleast6.althoughconj.雖然；盡管；即使Althoughmygrandpaisold,helooksverystrongandhealthy.雖然我的爺爺老了，但他看上去很健壯。___________________________________________盡管下雨了，但是那些男孩仍在外面玩耍。=Itrained,buttheboysstillplayedoutside.注意：在英語的表達習(xí)慣中，當(dāng)表示＂雖然……，但是……＂時，although/though不和but在同一個句子中使用（即二者只能取其一）。但可以和yet連用。Althoughhewastired,hedidn’tstoptohavearest.＝Hewastired,buthedidn’tstoptohavearest.盡管他累了，但他沒有停下來去休息?！纠}】____________themanisrich,____________heisnothappy.A.Although；but B.Although；/ C.But；although D.Although；so7.suchadj.&pron.這樣的；那樣的；類似的suchas例如；像……一樣，多用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個。Many

kids

do

housework

such

as

doing

the

dishes,making

the

bedand

folding

the

clothes.TherearemanybigcitiesinChina,suchasBeijingandShanghai.中國有許多大城市，比如北京和上海。HeroessuchasHuangJiguangwillalwaysliveintheheartsofthepeople.像黃繼光這樣的英雄人物，將永遠活在人民的心里?！纠}】Heknowsfivelanguages______________EnglishandJapanese.A.arelike B.suchasC.suchlikeD.assuch8.throughprep.以...（的方式）；憑借；穿過ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.通過使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)或觀看游戲類節(jié)目放松是好的，但我們認為通過鍛煉的方式放松是最好的。GostraightthroughthatdoorundertheEXITsign.直著穿過那道上方有＂安全出口＂字樣的門。【辨析】through/across①Iswamacrosstheriverandfeltverytired.②Icanseemanytallbuildingsthroughthewindow.△through介詞，意為“穿過”、“通過”，指從物體的內(nèi)部穿過;across介詞，意為“越過；跨過”，指從物體的表面穿過?！纠}】選擇through/across填空。1.Iswam___________theriverandfeltverytired.2.Icanseemanytallbuildings___________thewindow.3.Wearewalking____________theforest.9.diev.消失；滅亡；死亡deadadj.死亡的，無生命的deathn.死亡Hisgrandfatherdiedlastwinter.去年冬天他祖父去世了。Thetreehasbeendeadforamonth.這棵樹死了一個月了。Thedeathofhispetcatmadehimverysad.他的寵物貓的死讓他很傷心?！纠}】Thegirlhasbeenlonelysincehermother______________.A.dieB.diedC.death D.dead10.nonepron.沒有一個；毫無用于回答以howmany或howmuch開頭的問句。可與of短語連用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?！猒____________________________________________房間里有多少男孩？——_____________________________________________一個也沒有。_____________________________________________他沒有一個朋友去派對。1.Whatdo/doesin…'sfreetime?…在休閑時間做什么呢？e.g.-Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?-Iplaysportsinmyfreetime.2.asksb.aboutsth.：詢問某人某事e.g.Iwanttoaskmymotheraboutthemygrandmother'sstories.3.onetotwotimesaweek:每周一到兩次e.g.threetofourtimesayear:HetraveledtoCanadathreetofourtimesayear.4.not…atall:根本不…e.g.Shedoesn'teatnoodlesatall.Itwasn’tdifficultatall.這一點也不難。Therewasnothingtoeatatall.根本沒什么可吃的。Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.嘗試而失敗也比不嘗試好。5.goonline:上網(wǎng)e.g.Shelikestogoonlinewhenshe'sfree.6.besurprisedthat:驚訝于…e.g.Cherrywassurprisedthathermotherboughtthepresentforher.7.for:為了…e.g.Hestudiedhardforhisfamily.8.theanswertothequestion:問題的答案thekeytothedoor:門的鑰匙e.g.Lindawantedtoknowtheanswertothequestion.Ineedtofindthekeytothedoor.9.although:雖然，盡管e.g.Althoughhelikesjunkfood,heknowsit'sbadforhishealth.10.It's+adjtodosth:做某事是…的e.g.It'sinterestingtoplaybeachvolleyballwithfriends.11.torelax:動詞不定式做后置定語e.g.IbelievethebestplacetospendsummervacationinChinaisChengde.12.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度過時間e.g.Lucylovesspendingtimewithherfamily.Howdidyouspendyoursummervacation?你是如何度過暑假的？Ispent5yuanonthisbook.這本書花了我五十元。【練習(xí)一】一、單項選擇1.—____________isthenearesthospitalfromhere?—Er,it’sabouttenminutes’walk.A.Howlong B.Howfar C.HowoftenD.Howabout2.—____________willyoucomeback?—Iwillcomebackineighteendays.A.Howoften B.Howlong C.Howsoon D.Howmuch3.—____________willyouflytoBeijing?—Intwodays.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.HowsoonD.Howabout4.—____________willthe6thChineseFilmFestivalinFrancelast?—FromMay24thtoJuly19th.A.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howlong D.Howmany5.—I____________eatvegetables.—Buttheyaregoodforyourhealth!Weshouldeatthemeveryday.A.often B.usually C.always D.seldom6.Mealsareveryboring.He________hasthesamethingtoeateveryday.A.never B.usually C.sometimesD.seldom7.—HaveyoueverbeentoGuilin?—No,____