高中英語(yǔ)交通類(lèi)外刊及語(yǔ)法和寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練

第頁(yè)高中英語(yǔ)交通類(lèi)外刊及語(yǔ)法和寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練Germany:Trafficjam【1】THENEWyearhasnotstartedwellforGermany's

ruling

"traffic-light"

coalition,norindeedfortraffic.OnJanuary

8thangryfarmersblockedautobahnsacrossthecountry,evenastraindriverscalledanationalstrike.As

statisticians

revealed

grim

finalnumbersfor

2023-suchasa

3.1%real-terms

fallin

retail

salesfrom

2022-pollsters

unsurprisinglyfoundthat

8.2%ofGermansare

dissatisfied

withthegovernment.Asurveymeasuringconfidenceintheofficeofthe

chancellor

detected

a

vertiginous

55-point

plunge

betweenlate

2020,whenAngelaMerkelstill

reigned,andnowunderOlafScholz.

【2】Yetoneperson'sbadluckmayproveanother'schance.ConsiderthecaseofSahraWagenknecht.The

54-year-oldleft-wing

populist

choseJanuary

8thasthedatetolaunchhernewparty.RightnowtheSahraWagenknechtAllianceforReasonandFairness(BSWisthe

shortened

German

acronym),looks

minuscule,withonlytenMPsinthe

736-seatBundestag.YetitstandstoprofitbothfromMrScholz's

distress

andfrom

fortuitous

timing.

【3】MsWagenknecht,whoinOctoberquitGermany'smain

leftist

party,DieLinke,leanstotheleftofthegovernmentonsocialspendingandin

reluctance

tosupportUkraine,buttoitsrightin

seeking

sharp

curbs

on

immigration.That

combination

resoundswithanincreasingly

frustrated

electorate.Asurveyof

voters

whowouldconsidervotingfortheBSWfound

40%

cited

disappointment

withother

parties

asthetopreason,

28%MsWagenknecht's

charms

and

25%theissueof

immigration.

【4】Twobigpoliticalopportunitiesalso

loom

fortheBSW.German

voters

tendtotake

elections

totheEuropeanParliamentlessseriouslythannationalones,andseethemasachanceto

experiment.ThevoteissetforJune,givingthenovelpartysixmonthstocampaign.InSeptemberthreeeasternstateswillhold

elections.FormerEastGermanyhappenstobewherethe

ruling

coalition

ismostdisliked.

【5】IthelpsthatMsWagenknechtisherselfan

easterner.BroughtupinEastBerlin,sheremaineda

communist

throughthefalloftheWallanduniversity,whereshestudiedeconomicsand

philosophy.Her

poise,

precise

diction

and

relentless

scorn

heaped

onthegovernmentscorestronglyina

region

made

anxious

byhigh

inflation,relative

poverty,fearof

immigrants

andasenseof

alienation

fromthe

elite.ManyEastGermansshareMsWagenknecht's

suspicion

oftheWestandblameUkraine,notRussia,for"provoking"awarforitsown

survival.

【6】Thosesame

impulses

have

boosted

another

relatively

new

outsider,thehard-rightAlternativeforGermany(AfD),intosecondplaceinpopularity,witha

projected

22%ofvotesinanationalelection.Althoughthetwo

parties

ostensibly

occupy

oppositepolitical

poles,some

pundits

believeMsWagenknechtcoulddrawmore

voters

awayfromtheAfDthanfrom

mainstream

parties

suchasMrScholz'sSocialDemocrats.Onesurveyfound

55%ofAfD

supporters,and

40%inDieLinke,wouldconsidervotingfortheBSW.Farfewerinother

parties

saidtheymight

switch.

【7】UndercutbyMsWagenknecht,DieLinkelooksclosetofallingunderthe

5%

threshold.Yetitistoosoonforright-wingers

tocheer.Hans-GeorgMaassen,aformerheadofGermanintelligencewhoheadsahard-right

splinter

inthe

opposition

ChristianDemocraticUnion,the

flagship

ofGerman

conservatism,nowwantstosetuphisownparty.MeanwhiletheFreeDemocrats,asmallright-of-centrepartnerinthetraffic-light

coalition,also

flounder

nearthe

5%

threshold.Bythetimeofthenextnationalelection,in

2025,the

upstart

BSWmaylooklessa

minnow

among

sharks

thanoneamongmanyfish.短語(yǔ)：1.原文：Asstatisticiansrevealedgrimfinalnumbersfor2023-suchasa3.1%real-termsfallinretailsalesfrom2022-pollstersunsurprisinglyfoundthat8.2%ofGermansaredissatisfiedwiththegovernment.詞典：real-term實(shí)際條件例句：Salehasgoneupby3%butwithinflationrunningat5%thatisafallin

realterm.銷(xiāo)售額增加3%，但通貨膨脹率為5%，實(shí)際銷(xiāo)售額還是下降了。2.原文：MsWagenknecht,whoinOctoberquitGermany'smainleftistparty,DieLinke,leanstotheleftofthegovernmentonsocialspendingandinreluctancetosupportUkraine,buttoitsrightinseekingsharpcurbsonimmigration.詞典：leanto依靠、傾向例句：Theflagpole

leansto

thesouth.旗桿向南傾斜。詞典：reluctanceto不情愿例句：Troopsweredisplayinganobvious

reluctanceto

getinvolvedinquashingdemonstrations.詞典：curbon限制、控制例句：Puta

curbon

yourtemper.收斂一下你的脾氣。3.原文：Herpoise,precisedictionandrelentlessscornheapedonthegovernmentscorestronglyinaregionmadeanxiousbyhighinflation,relativepoverty,fearofimmigrantsandasenseofalienationfromtheelite.詞典：heap

on堆積例句：Praiseswere

heapedon

meafterthegame.比賽后人們對(duì)我大加贊揚(yáng)。詞典：alienationfrom與……疏遠(yuǎn)例句：Martin's

alienationfrom

hisfamilycontinued.馬丁跟他的家人越來(lái)越疏遠(yuǎn)了。4.原文：ManyEastGermansshareMsWagenknecht'ssuspicionoftheWestandblameUkraine,notRussia,for"provoking"awarforitsownsurvival.詞典：suspicionof涉嫌、懷疑例句：Anumberofdoctorscameunder

suspicionof

unethicalbehaviour.5.原文：Onesurveyfound55%ofAfDsupporters,and40%inDieLinke,wouldconsidervotingfortheBSW.Farfewerinotherpartiessaidtheymightswitch.詞典：vote

for投票支持例句：Didyou

votefor

oragainsther?你投了她的贊成票還是反對(duì)票？長(zhǎng)難句：1.原文：MsWagenknecht,

who

inOctoberquitGermany'smainleftistparty,DieLinke,

leans

totheleftofthegovernmentonsocialspendingandinreluctancetosupportUkraine,buttoitsrightinseekingsharpcurbsonimmigration.分析：本句較長(zhǎng)，包含非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。“MsWagenknecht”是主語(yǔ)，“who”引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，從句內(nèi)容對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明；“l(fā)eans”是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，后接不定式。2.原文：Hans-GeorgMaassen,

aformerheadofGermanintelligence

who

headsahard-rightsplinterintheoppositionChristianDemocraticUnion,theflagshipofGermanconservatism,now

wants

tosetuphisownparty.分析：本句較長(zhǎng)，包含限定性定語(yǔ)從句?！癏ans-GeorgMaassen”是主語(yǔ)也是先行詞，“aformerheadofGermanintelligence”是同位語(yǔ)，后面“who”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明；“wants”是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，后面接動(dòng)詞不定式。寫(xiě)作技巧：1.

Asurveymeasuringconfidenceintheofficeofthechancellordetectedavertiginous55-point

plunge

betweenlate2020,whenAngelaMerkelstillreigned,andnowunderOlafScholz.生詞：

plunge

n.（突然的）墜落；跳水，快速游泳；（價(jià)值或數(shù)量的）驟然下跌；突然陷入v.（使）突然向前倒下（跌落）；猛推，猛插；投入（液體中以使淹沒(méi)）；（價(jià)值）猛跌；（劇烈）顛簸，震蕩；（馬）猛地用后腿直立；陡然向下傾斜；驟然陷入；（魯莽地）開(kāi)始；（使）投身，（使）突然開(kāi)始從事；種下（植物）“plunge”對(duì)大多數(shù)同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)很陌生，表示“（突然的）墜落；跳水，快速游泳；（價(jià)值或數(shù)量的）驟然下跌；突然陷入”，本文中作者所采用的含義是“驟然下跌”，在英語(yǔ)財(cái)經(jīng)、政治新聞中會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到，請(qǐng)牢記認(rèn)真記好。例句：Hisweightbeganto

plunge.他的體重開(kāi)始驟然下降。Thecompanyisplanningadeeper

plunge

intothecommercialmarket.這家公司正計(jì)劃進(jìn)一步投入商業(yè)市場(chǎng)。Japan'sbanksareintroublebecauseofbadloansandthestockmarket

plunge.Economyisverysolidandthe

plunge

inthestockmarketthisweekisnotanindicationofanyseriousproblem.Therewasaflashoflightningandthehousewas

plunged

intodarkness.雷電閃過(guò)，房子陷入一片黑暗之中。2.

MeanwhiletheFreeDemocrats,asmallright-of-centrepartnerinthetraffic-lightcoalition,also

flounder

nearthe5%threshold.生詞：flounder

v.

不知所措，支吾；困難重重；（在水、泥等中）掙扎，折騰；心亂如麻n.鲆，鰈，比目魚(yú)（同flatfish）；掙扎“flounder”相信不少同學(xué)是第一次見(jiàn)到，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“不知所措，支吾；困難重重；（在水、泥等中）掙扎，折騰；心亂如麻”，本文中正采用其動(dòng)詞含義，英語(yǔ)中表示“掙扎、折騰”還有其他表達(dá)，如“struggle;

turnfromsidetoside;tossabout”等。例句：Whatapitythathiscareerwasleftto

flounder.真遺憾，他的事業(yè)陷入了困境。Rightnow,you'vegotapresidentwho's

floundering,tryingtofindsomewaytogethiscampaignjump-started.此時(shí)此刻你們的總統(tǒng)不知所措，盡力想辦法推動(dòng)他的競(jìng)選。Threemenwere

floundering

aboutinthewater.三名男子正在水中掙扎。Hisabruptchangeofsubjectlefther

floundering

helplessly.他突然改變?cè)掝}，使她茫然不知所措。Atthattimetheindustrywas

floundering.那時(shí)這個(gè)行業(yè)舉步維艱。Shewas

floundering

aroundinthedeependoftheswimmingpool.她在游泳池深水區(qū)掙扎著。語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練：Mostpeopleliketolistentosomethinginthecar-itcouldbethelatestpoptunesontheradio,1.________(scream)yourfavouritebandfromaphoneormaybeanaudiobookorpodcast.Inastudy,64%ofpeoplesaidthatmusicisessential2.________agooddrivingexperience.Butiftherearepassengersinthecar,tunechoicescancausearguments.It'snotjust3.________issueofclashingtastes,though.Researchshowsthatdifferenttypesofmusiccanchangepeople'smoodandaffecthowtheyoperateacar.Loudvolumescanalsoaffecthowpeopledriveandinfluencedecision-making.It'sillegalfordriverstousetheirphoneswhileonthemove,sosomepeoplesayit's4.________(safe)forpassengerstocontroltheentertainment.Whatdoyouthink:shouldthedriverchoosethecartunes?Yes-it'saperkofthejobThedriveristakingyou5.________youneedtogo(plusit'sprobablytheircar),sotheyshouldbeinchargeofthesounds.Singingalongtotheirfavouritesongistheirrewardandtheyshouldn'thavetolistentosomethingtheyhate.Onalongjourney,thedrivercan'tenjoythescenery,read6.________snooze,sotheyshouldchoosetheentertainment.Passengerscouldchoosemusicthatputsthedriverinabadmoodordistractsthem.Studiesshowthat7.________(energy)orloudmusiccanactuallyleadtofaster,moredangerousdriving.Besides,ifthedriveralwayschoosesthetunesthereislesschanceofarguments.Andit'sanopportunityfordriverstosharetheirtastes.Forexample,mumsordadscanintroducetheirchildrentocoololdsongs.No-it'snotsafeThedrivershouldbe8.________(full)focusedontheroad,notthinkingaboutthenextsongtheywant.Losingattentioncanleadtoroadaccidents,and9.________(look)atadevicewhiledrivingisillegalandcarriesabigfine.Passengershavetheirhandsfree10.________itissafeforthemtoscrollformusic.Besides,itisnotfairthatonlythepersonbehindthewheelgetstochoose.Longcarjourneyscanbesoboringandifkidshearthemusictheywanttohearit'smorelikelytokeepthementertained,stopanyargumentsandmakethetimegomorequickly.Besides,passengerscanalsotakemusicrequestsfromthedriveroranyoneelseinthecar.Withthepassengerincharge,roadtripsaresafer,funforeveryoneandabondingexperience.參考答案：1.screaming2.for3.an4.safer5.where6.or7.energetic8.fully9.looking10.so寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練：ThenumberofprivatecarsinbigcitieslikeBeijingandShanghaiisgrowingdailybringingwithitnoise,pollutionandtrafficjams.Isitnecessarytoreducethenumberofcarsinbigcities?SuggestONEwayinwhichthiscouldbedone.參考范文：IncreasePublicTransportationBeijingisfacedwithanuphillbattletoimprovedeterioratingairqualityandalleviatetrafficjamscausedbythesurgeincaruse.Whatisthebestwaytodecreasethenumberofprivateautomobilesontheroad?Inmyopinion,developingsustainablepublictransportationstrategiesshouldbegiventoppriority.Firstly,awell-managedandpunctualpublictransportationsystemmakescommutingandtravellingeasierandmoreconvenient.Onebigheadacheforp