2023年廣東中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解B篇專題訓(xùn)練

年廣東中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解B篇專題訓(xùn)練AJerryisaworld-famousmountainclimber.Hehasclimbedmanyhighmountainsintheworld.Startingin2015,heandhisfriendsspenttwoyearsonanadventure(探險(xiǎn))inSouthAmerica,covering7,800miles.HewasevennamedadventureroftheYearbyafamousgeographymagazinein2018.AlthoughJerryhadachievedgreatsuccess,hedidn'tfeelfulfilled.Heaskedhimself,“Isitenoughtoclimbthehighestmountains?AmIdoingsomethinghelpful?HowcanIturnmyadventuresintosomethingthatcanhelptheworld?”Jerrylearnedthatscientistsneedplants,rocksandwatersamples(樣本)fromplacesfarawaytodoresearch.Butscientistscan'tgettherethemselvesassuchplacesarehardtoreach-onlythebravestadventurerscanmakeit.Jerrythoughthecoulddosomethingtohelp.Hethencameupwithanidea.Hesetupateamoftopadventurerstocollectsamplesforscientists.Bystudyingthesamples,scientistscouldknowmoreabouttheearthandfindwaystoprotectit.RecentlyJerryandhisadventurerfriendshavediscoveredaspecialplantlifeonMountQomolangma.Thesamplestheybroughtbackhavehelpedscientistslearnhowplantsliveinextreme(極端的)conditions.ForJerry,thiskindofadventureismostsatisfying,“Suchadventureshavemadeusseelifeinadifferentway.Now,beingthebestclimberisn’timportantforme.Whatmattersisdoingsomethinghelpfulwhileclimbingmountains.Thereisstillmuchmorewecando.”Jerrysaidtoanewspaper.1.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?Jerry’sfriends.Jerry’sachievements.C.Highmountains.D.Ageographymagazine.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilled”inParagraph2mean?Satisfied.Lonely.Patient.Worried.3.WhydidJerrysetupateamoftopadventurers?Tomakefriends.Tohelpscientists.Tostudyplants.Totrainscientists.4.Jerry’sandhisfriends’adventureshavechanged.theirhobbiestheirfriendshiptheirunderstandingoflifeD.theirlivingconditions5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?DangerousMountainClimbingImportantScientificDiscoveriesPlantsFoundonHighMountainsAdventuresTurnedintoSomethingGreaterBAccordingtoaresearch.morethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura’scountyeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply(供應(yīng)).Itisasadfact,especiallywhenyouconsiderhowmanyfamiliesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.WhenLaurasawherschooldininghallthrowawayfoodthatwasnoteatenatall

everyday.shecameupwithanidea.Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtohomelessshelters(庇護(hù)所)inhercommunity.Inthepastthreeyears,thesameprotecthasspreadtootherschoolsandsomefastfoodrestaurantsthroughoutthecity.TheprojectiscalledFeed&Find,andhasalreadyfedthousandsofpeopleinhercity.Howdoesitwork?Throughanapp,Feed&Findmatcheslocalhomelessshelterswithschooldininghallsandrestaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide.Whendininghallsorrestaurantshaveuneatenfoodleft,theycanusetheapptosharetheinformationaboutthefood.Atruckdriverworkingfortheprojectisthensenttopickitupandtakeittoashelter.Prettycool,right?It'snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,tohopingthatshecouldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities.Somepeople,however,haveconcernsaboutthesafetyoftheuneatenfood.Theythinksuchfoodmaynotbecleanenough.Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandithelpsthoseinneed.56.ThenumbersinParagraph1

tellus

______.

A.somepeoplearepoor B.foodwasteisserious

C.thepopulationislarge D.theresearchisinteresting57.Laura'sprojectfirstgotfoodfrom

______.

A.herschooldininghall B.herfamilyC.afastfoodrestaurant D.ahomelessshelter58.PeopleinothercitieswouldlikeLaurato

______.

A.findatruckdriver B.visittheircommunities C.giveawayfoodtothem D.helpdevelopprojectslikehers59.Theunderlinedword“concerns”inthispassagemeans

______.

A.ways B.secrets C.worries D.decisions60.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ADingGuideApp B.AFoodSharingProjectC.DrivingServiceApp D.AFoodSafetyProjectCOncethereweremanythousandsofGourmaDesert(沙漠)elephantsinMali,acountryinWestAfrica.Now,therearefewerthanfourhundred.Whydidthenumberoftheelephantsdropsoquickly?Ontheonehand,theelephants’mainlake,theironlywatersource(來(lái)源),driedup.Ontheotherhand,thelandwhichtheelephantslivedonwasoverusedbyhumans.Toprotecttheelephants’livingenvironment,theMaliElephantProject(MEP)wasstartedin2007.MEPmetwithlocalpeopleandhelpedthemmakerulesofusingandwater.Asaresult,thesituationbecamebetterandtherewasmorefood,forestandgrassland.However,from2012to2016,poaching(偷獵)andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eightythreeelephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantwerekilledin2016.“Ifthissituationgoeson,alltheGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2020,”saidamemberofMEP.Luckily,thevoiceofMEPwasheard.Moreorganizations(組織)havejoinedtogethertoeducatethelocalpeoplethattradingelephantsisagainstthelaw.Elephantpoachinghasdroppedtoaverylowlevel.Thelocalpeoplehavelearnedtolivepeacefullywiththeelephants,oneofthewildlifetreasuresintheworld.56.MEPwasstartedto______.A.raisemoreelephantsinMali B.stopthemainlakefromdryingupC.discoverwatersourceforelephants D.protecttheelephants’livingenvironment57.Whatdoestheword“illegal”inParagraph4meaninChinese?A.公平的 B.虧損的 C.非法的 D.合理的58.Eighty-threeelephantswerelost______.A.in2012 B.in2015 C.in2016 D.in202059.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat______.A.thenumberoforganizationshasdroppedB.thereismuchlesselephantpoachingnowC.thelocalpeoplekeeptheelephantsathomeD.thewholeworldlivepeacefullywithelephants60.Thispassageismainlyabout______.A.therulesofusinglandandwaterB.theeducationofthelocalpeopleC.theworkofMaliElephantProjectD.thesituationofGourmaDesertelephantsDIn

our

daily

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First

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To

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robots.EThere'smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwaterthaninair.（主題句）Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourselfreachingouttotouchsomethingandcompletelymissingit.Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotellanystoriesaboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It’sjustbecausesometimesthingscanseemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!What’smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon'tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolorsaremissing.Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths(波長(zhǎng))oflightthatarereflected(反射)fromitssurface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let'stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewetsuitasanexample.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythechangesincolorasyoudescendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheendtothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)！Andyouhavetowaitforyourreturntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!()1.Youmisstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause_________.A.youreyesightisquitepoor B.youarcnotquickenoughC.itisnotascloseasitseems D.itdisappearsveryquickly()2.Theexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeof_________ofanobjectunderwater.A.thesize B.thecolor C.theposition D.theweight()3.Theunderlinedword“descend”probablymeans_________inChineseinthispassage.A.上升 B.漂浮 C.屏息 D.下潛()4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Afour-meler-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.B.Thewavelengthsofredlightarclongerthanthoseofbluelight.C.MuchwaterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewaterD.Youwillseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea()5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis_________.A.TheStandardofColorUnderwater B.TheDirectionofLightUnderwaterC.TheBrightnessofColorUnderwater D.TheBehaviorofLightUnderwaterFPeopleoftenthinkoftheNorthPoleandtheSouthPoleassimilarfrozen(冰涼）wastelands.Theyarebothplaceswithverycoldtemperaturesandfewpeoplelivethere.However,theNorthandSouthPolesarenotmuchalikeaspeoplemayimagine.TheNorthPolehasnoland,onlythickice.Temperaturesseldomgoabove32F,atwhichwaterturnsintoice.Mostofthetime,itstaysbelowzero.Inwintertemperaturesareusuallyaslowas-30F.Althoughconditionswereverypoor,peopletriedformanycenturiestoreachtheNorthPole.About100yearsago,twomen,RobertPearyandMathewHenson,wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddifficulties.TheyreachedtheNorthPoleonMarch8th,1909.Itwasreallyahardtripforthem.TherearefewthingsmoredangerousthancrossingtheArctic(北極圈）onfoot.Peoplewhostayedtheremayfacemanyproblems:verycoldtemperatures,suddenstorms,andevenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.Peoplemightthinkthatwithsuchlowtemperaturesformostoftheyear,theicewouldbethickandhard.However,thisisnottrueintheArctic.Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwatercalled“l(fā)eads”.Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.()1.Thispassagesisprobablyfrom.A.abookreviewB.asciencebookC.AschoolreportD.acomputermagazine()2.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedabout100yearsago?A.TwomensucceededingettingtotheNorthPoleB.TemperaturesintheNorthPolewentabove32FC.TheenvironmentintheNorthPolesuddenlybecameworseD.TheNorthPolechangedintothickicebecauseofthetemperatures.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uninhabited”probablymeaninChinese?A氣候惡劣的B充滿危險(xiǎn)的C困難重重的D無(wú)人居住的()4.Thereasonfortheicetobreakintotwoopeninglanesofwateris.A.ThatthetemperaturesuddenlydropsB.thatthewaterundertheiceisfrozenC.ThattheoceanwaterundertheicemovesD.thatthesurfaceiscoveredwithlotsofice()5.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?ThethickiceintheNorthPoleB.AdifficulttriptotheNorthPoleC.TherealsituationintheNorthPoleD.ThedifferencesbetweentheNorthPoleandtheSouthPoleG

Whenpeopletalktoeachother,writelettersormakephonecalls,wordsofthespokenformofthewrittenformcansendanymessagetheywanttopasson.Butbesideswords,doyouknowanyotherwaysyoucanusetocommunicatewithpeople?Richexpressionsonyourfacecanbeoneofthem.Asmileonyourfaceshowsthatyouarehappy.Tearsinyoureyestellothersthatyouaresadorexcited.Bodylanguagescandothesamejob.Whenyouputyourhandupinclass,theteacherknowsthatyouwanttosaysomethingoryoumayhavesomequestionstoask.Youshakeyourheadfromsidetosideandpeopleknowyouaresaying“no”orrefuseothers’requirements.Whenyounod,peoplewillunderstandthatyouaresaying“yes”oragreetoothers’opinionsorsuggestions.Otherformscanalsocarrydifferentmessages.Forexample,asignatthebusstopgivespassengersonwhichbustotake.Theflaglanguagemadebysoldierscanpassdifferentorders.Soundfromtheschoolbelltellsthestudentsandteacherswhentobeginorendaclass.Aphotographercanusethephotoshehastakentotellothersaboutwhathethinksoftheworldaroundhim.Musicandfilmsalsoconveythefeelingsandideasofthemusiciansandthedirectors.Sonexttimewhenyouseeapieceofartorlistentosomemusic,takeitascommunicationwithitscreatorandtrytogetthemeaningbehindit.()1.Whenpeoplewanttousethewordstocommunicatewithothers,they______.A.writelettersB.cryaloudC.keepsilentD.makefriends()2.Accordingtothepassageyoujustneedto______ifyouagreetoothers’suggestions.A.closeyoureyes

B.putupyourhandC.moveyourheadupanddownD.shakeyourheadfromsidetoside()3.Throughaphotowemayknow______.A.whichbuscanbetakenB.whattheordersmeanforsoldiersC.howthephotographerseestheworldD.whenthestudentsshouldhaveaclass()4.Theunderlineworldconveyprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.掩飾B.傳遞C.克制D.爆發(fā)()5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.A.SpokenandWrittenLanguagesB.FormsofCommunicationC.FacialExpressionsandGesturesD.SuggestionsonCommunicationHItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountrieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.()1.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia()2.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.焚燒B.障礙C.回收D.掩埋()3.ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince_________.A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollutionC.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste()4.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment__________.A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercompaniesC.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers()5.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-wasteITous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butinfacttheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashade(遮蔽)againstthesun.Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandpower(權(quán)力).IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.TheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.()1.Ancientpeoplefirstusedumbrellasas____.A.asymbolofhonorB.protectionagainstthesunC.asymbolofpowerD.protectionagainsttherain()2.Accordingtothepassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstusedinancient______.A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.China()3.TheunderlinedwordroyalmightmeaninChinese.A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中產(chǎn)的D.平民的()4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.TheancientGreeksusedtheumbrellaintheirdailylife.B.Europeanshardlyusedtheumbrelladuringthemiddleages.C.Theumbrellasforwomenweremadecolorfulinancienttimes.D.Thestyleoftheumbrellahasn'tchangedalotsinceitwasinvented()5.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.thesalesoftheumbrellaB.thedifferencesamongumbrellasC.theinventionoftheumbrellaD.thehistoryandtheuseoftheumbrellaJInnature,youmayseemanyinsects(昆蟲）andanimalsofdifferentcolors.Haveyoueverwonderedwhy?Locustsaresuperdeliciousfoodforbirds,butitisnotalwaysaneasyjobforbirdstocatchthem.Itisneitherbecauselocustsaregoodjumpersorrunnersnorbecausetheyaresmartert