浙江省寧波市高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬考試英語試題（原卷版）

寧波市2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高考模擬考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍1.Whathastheweatherbeenlikerecently?A.Reallycold.B.Reallywet.C.Reallydry.2.What'swrongwiththehat?A.It'stoosmall.B.IthasthebrightcolorC.It'swornonthewrongside.3.Whenisthewomanlikelytobuyaputer?A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InSeptember.4.Whydoesthemangetuplate?A.HestayeduplatelastnightB.Hedoesn'thavetoworktoday.C.Heforgottosetanalarmclock5.Wheremightthespeakersberightnow?A.Onthefourteenthfloor.B.Inanelevator.C.Onthestairs第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthestory?A.It'stoolong.B.It'sveryexciting.C.It'sconfusing.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ReadthewholebookB.Writeashortstoryherself.C.Borrowacopyofthebook.聽下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inastudio.B.Inthestreet.C.Intheoffice.9.Howdidthewomansoundatthebeginningoftheconversation?A.Angry.B.Curious.C.Satisfied.10.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takeoutthegarbage.B.Cleanoffthedust.C.Tidyuphisdesk.聽下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。11.Wheredoesthespeakerswork?A.Inaconstructionpany.B.Inarealestateagency.C.Inatourpany.12.Whatisunderconstructionatthewaterfront?A.Anewcinema.B.Asportsplex.C.Aswimmingpool.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Meetahouseowner.B.Updatetheonlinelist.C.Viewanapartment.聽下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。14.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.15.Whichforeignlanguagedoesthewomanspeakbest?A.German.B.French.C.Italian.16.Whydoesthewomanwanttogoabroad?A.Tolearnanewlanguage.B.Totravelwithherfriends.C.Togetvaluableexperience.17.WhatdoesthemanthinkaboutthefoodinParis?A.Expensive.B.Delicious.C.Simple.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答小題。18.WhatisBrianKane?A.Atruckdriver.B.Arubbishcollector.C.Aprofessionalclimber.19.WhydidBrianaskforleaveonhis30tbirthday?A.TovisitNepal.B.TovolunteeronMountQomolangma.C.ToreachthesummitofMountQomolangma20.WhichcanaccuratelydescribeBrianKane'sbehavior?A.Honestandsensitive.B.Braveandhardworking.C.Generousandambitious.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInSeptember,thousandsofmonuments,civicbuildingsandprivatehomesthrowopentheirdoorstoofferarareglimpseofnormallyoflimitsspaces.HerearesomelessknowntreasuresaroundtheUK.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary,HawardenGladstone’sLibraryinHawardenwillberunningspecialtoursaspartoftheOpenDoorsWalesfestival.ItwasbuiltasamemorialtoprimeministerWiliamGladstope,TakeatourofbeautifulReadingRoomshousing150,000books.September16,10am2pm,bookingrequired.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,GlasgowTheatmosphericBritanniaPanopticonwillbeshowingoffitscollectionoftheatricalrelics,propsandcostumes.SampleVictorianitemsattheworld’soldestsurvivingmusichallwithoutbooking.September15and16,11am5pmandSeptember17,12pm5pmGothicTemple,StoweGardensVisitorstoStoweGardenswillbeofferedararechancetoseeinsidethe18thcenturyGothicTemple.Thoughit’snormallyrentedasaholidaylet,itscircularroomsandmosaicceilingswillbeopentoprebookedvisitorsforoneweekend.September16and17,10:30am4:30pm,freeofchargeAppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversityAspartofScotland’sDoorsOpenDaysfestival,EdinburghUniversity’sAppletonTowerwillbeofferingtoursoftheworldleadingSchool,includingavisittothestudysuiteonLevel9whichoffersfarreachingviewsoftheEdinburghskyline.September23,11am2pm,bookinginadvance.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatBritanniaPanopticonMusicHall?A.TheycanappreciatetheatrerelateditemsB.TheycanlistentotheoldestsurvivingmusicC.Theycanvisitastudyroomwithfarreachingscenery.D.TheycanreadinReadingRoomswith150,000booksinstore.2.Whichofthefollowingwillappealtoarchitecturefans?A.GothicTemple.StoweGardensB.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,Glasgow.C.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary.HawardenD.AppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversity3.WhatdoGuidedtourofGladstone’sLibraryandAppletonTowerhaveinmon?A.Theybothlastforfourhours. B.TheybothrequireearlyreservationsC.Theybothhonorworldfamousfigures D.Theybothofferspecialviewstovisitors.BIwasinvitedtobeaninstructoratahighschoolleadershipcampinMichigan.Aboutanhourintothefirstday,obviousdisfortandshynessofaboycaughtmyeye.Icouldsensethatthiswholeexperiencewasforeigntohim.Heneededafriend.Iwalkedtowardshim,mademyfirstinteractionbutfailed.Atlunchthenextday,asthecamperseagerlyparticipatedinthecampsong,mygazewanderedovernoiseandwascaughtbytheboyunderthetree,sittingaloneandstaringoutofthewindow.Itriedagain,withthesamequestionsasbefore.Heagainreplied,“Yeah,I’mallright.Ijustdon’treallygetintothisstuff.”AsIleftthecafeteria,Irealizedthiswasgoingtotakemoretimeandeffortifitwasevenpossibletogetthroughtohimatall.DaysflewwithmespendingmoretimewithhimandfinallycamethecampnightwhenIsawwhatwouldbeoneofthemostvividmemoriesofmylife.Theboy,onceconfinedtotheshadowsofthetree,wasadancingwonder.Iwatchedashesharedthemeaningfultimewithpeopleatwhomhecouldn’tevenlookjustdaysearlier.Icouldn’tbelieveitwasthesameperson.Afewmonthsafterthecamp,Ireceivedanunexpectedcallfromtheboy,whoinformedmeofhisongoingimmigrationtoaforeigncountry.Alongpausefollowedandthenhesaid,“Iwentbacktoschoolwithconfidence.Imadenewfriends.Mygradeswentup.Thepastfewmonthswerethebestofmylife.”Inthatinstant,Irealizedhoweasyitistogiveabitofyourselfeveryday.Youmayneverknowhowmucheachgesturemaymeantosomeoneelse.ItellthisstoryasoftenasIcan,andwhenIdo,Iurgeotherstolookoutfortheirown“boyunderthetree”.4.Howdidtheboyfeelatthebeginningoftheleadershipcamp?A.Anxiousandbored. B.Uneasyandlonely.C.Proudandenthusiastic. D.fortableandconfident.5.Whatdidtheauthorsuggestbymentioning“adancingwonder”inParagraph3?A.Theboywasexpertindancing. B.Theboybecamethefocusofthecamp.C.Theboycontributedconsiderablytothecampnight. D.Theboybegantoopenupandsocializewithothers.6.Theboycalledtheauthormainlyto.A.showoffhisrecentprogress B.expresshisgratitudetotheauthorC.recallthebestmemoriesinthecamp D.shareconcernsabouttheapproachingimmigration7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.CampshelpstudentsshapetheircharacterB.Everystudenthastheopportunitytoshine.CSincerecaremakesadifferencetostudents’growth.D.Reservedstudentsfacemorechallengesintheirlives.CWhendriving,ClaraMarinaMartineztakesdownanyunusualbehavioursheseesontheroad.Shethenfeedstheseintomachinelearningalgorithms(算法),aformofAI,whichareintendedtoproduceasystemreliableenoughforacartodriveitselfwithoutanydisturbancefromthedriver,andcopewithallsituationsontheroad.Butthisprovinghardtoachieve,carmakerschoosetoscalebackmanyattemptstodoso.Lastyear,forinstance,Uber,aridehailingservice,soldoffitsunitdevelopingselfdrivingcarsatalowprice.Autonomousvehiclesareboastedasbeingnotjustconvenientbutpotentiallysafer.However,justaspeopletaketimetolearnhowtodrivesafely,machinesarenoexception.TheRANDCorporation,anAmericanthinktank,calculatesthattodevelopasystem20%saferthanahumandriver,afleetof100selfdrivingcarswouldhavetooperate24hoursaday,365daysayear,andcover14billionkilometres.Ataverageroadspeeds,thatwouldtakeabout400years.CarmakerssuchasPorschethereforeacceleratethedevelopmentprocessusingsimulators(模擬器).Theseteachsoftwareaboutdangeronlyrarelyencounteredinreality.DrMartinezandhercolleaguesemploy“gameengines”,theprogramsthatgeneratephotorealisticimagesinputergames,todothis.Theseareusedtocreatevirtualworldsthroughwhichthesoftwarecandrive.Howquickly,ifever,allthiswilltranslateintorealityremainstobeseen.Bothregulatorsandcustomerswillneedtooveredoubtthatasoftwaredriverreallycanbesaferthanhuman.FromPorsche’spointofview,though,thereisoneotherrelevantquestion.Giventhatmuchofthereasonforowningasportscarisforownerstoshowoffwhattheyregardastheirdrivingskills,justhowbigamarketwilltherebeforaversionwheresoftwaretakesthoseboastingrightsaway?8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“scaleback”meaninParagraph1?A.Make B.Overlook. C.Encourage. D.Reduce.9.Thelearningprocessofautonomousvehicles’safedrivingcanbedescribedas___________.A.timeconsuming B.fastpaced C.thoughtprovoking D.welldesigned10.WhatchallengedoautonomousvehiclesbringtoPorsche?A.Ensuringthepleasureofdriving B.Makingtheirsportscarsaffordable.C.Removingpublicdoubtsaboutsafety. D.Integratinggameenginesintotheirvehicles.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Porsche:SportsCarsatRisk B.SelfdrivingCars:StillSomeWaytoGoC.Simulators:TheCoreofAutonomousVehicles D.MachineLearningAlgorithms:TheArrivalofAlDGoldfishmayseemlikesimplecreaturesswimminginaglasstankbuttheypossessaratherplicatednavigationsystem,asdiscoveredbyresearchersattheUniversityofOxfordLedbyDr.AdelaideSibeaux,thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.WritinginthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,Sibeauxandcolleaguesreporthowtheycreatedatankintheirexperimentwith2cmwideblackandwhiteverticalstripes(條紋)onthewalls,connectedbysimilarstripesacrossthefloor.Theteamtrainedninegoldfishtoswimasetdistanceof70cmandthenreturntotheirstartingpointwhenwavedat.Theexperimentaimedtoinvestigatehowthefishwouldestimatethisdistancewithoutanygestures,underdifferentpatterns.Overmultipletrials,thegoldfishaveragedaswimdistanceof74cm,giveortake17cm,whenpresentedwiththevertical2cmwidestripes.However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalstripes,thefish’sbehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.Accordingtotheresearchers,thegoldfishappearedtobeusingan“optic(光學(xué)的)flowmechanism”basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironment.Theykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled.Thestudysuggeststhatdifferentopticflowmechanismsareusedbymammals,includinghumans,basedonangular(有角度的)motionofvisualfeatures.Thestudyimpliesthattheuseofvisuallybaseddistanceinformationcouldhaveemergedearlyintheevolutionarytimeline.“Thisstudyisnovelbecause,despiteknowingthatfishrespondtogeometricinformationregardingdirectionanddistance,wedon’tknowhowtheyestimatedistances,”ProfessorColinLever,althoughnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“it’sexcitingtoexplorefishspatialmappingbecausefishnavigationevolvedearlierandbetterthanmostmammals.”12.WhydidDr.AdelaideSibeauxconductthestudyongoldfish?A.Totesttheaccuracyofgoldfish’sinternalGPS.B.TocreateanadvancednavigationsystemforhumansC.TouncoverhowaninbuiltGPShelpscalculatedistances.D.Toexploretherelationshipsbetweengoldfishandhumans13.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperiment?A.PeoplegesturedthegoldfishthroughouttheexperimentB.ThetankwasdecoratedwithcolorfulbackgroundpatternsC.Goldfishtendedtounderestimatedistanceswithhorizontalstripes.DThechangeinthetanksettingledtothegoldfish'sincorrectjudgment.14.Itcanbeconcludedfromthefourthparagraphthat____________.A.opticflowmechanismisuniquetohumansB.mammalsdevelopedflowmechanismlongbeforegoldfishC.goldfishevaluatedthedistancewithmultidimensionalvisualinformationD.visualdensityoftheenvironmentstrengthenedthelocatingabilityofgoldfish15.WhatattitudedoesProfessorColinholdtowardsthestudy?A.Neutral. B.Ambiguous. C.Disapproving. D.Favorable.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatgivesyourlifemeaning?Itisanimportantandnaturalpracticalquestionthatweallaskourselvesattimes.Itcirclesaroundthenotionofhavingapurposeandareasontowakeupandmoveforwardinourlives.___16___Isittimetobringitbackontrack?Here’showtogetstarted.TreatyourdepressionYourdepressionemptiesyourenergyanddamagesyourmotivation.___17___Therefore,thekeyhereistakingactionnomatterwhatyoustartwith:tacklingthedepressiondirectlythroughtakingmedicinesorconsultingdoctorstogetyoumovingforward.Whattheactionismatterslessthantakingactionitself.GetoutofyourheadintoyouremotionIfyouareheavilydrivenbywhatyoushoulddo,youneedtostartrewiringyourbraintouseyouremotionsasinformation.___18___Onceyounoticethem,dosomethingconcretewiththemagain,act.Thatishowyoulearntotrustyouremotionsandusethemtoguideyou,andhowyourewireyourbrain.Explore,experimentYoucan’tfigureoutyoursenseofpurposebysittingonthecouchandthinkingitover.___19___Youalsoneedtofocusondoingdifferentexperimentswithbeingbold,andtakingacceptablerisks.Thepathtodiscoveringorreignitingyoursenseofpurposeisnotaboutmakinganewdecisionbutfocusingontheprocessthatleadstothatdecision.___20___A.Hence,youremotionsareyoursourceofpassion,desire,andenergy.B.Itmaybecausedbyphysicaloremotionallimitationsthattakeawayjoy.C.However,formany,thatsenseofpurposehasbeenabsentforlongstretches.D.Withoutthem,youdon’tmakethechangesthatcanpullyououtofthedepression.E.Instead,youneedtoexplore,trythingsandseewhatsticks,whatworks,whatdoesn’t.F.Startbyfocusingonthoseslightestfeelingstellingyouwhatyouwantanddon’twant.G.Therefore,youneedtoclearawayobstaclesthatkeepyoufromactingandmovingforward.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thefourpeoplehavepersuadedpaniestogivethem￡250,000worthoftoysandfoodfornothing.AndnextMonday,theyaregoingto___21___themtoeveryhouseacrossnorthLondon.DavidGoodfellowandhisthreefriends,BennyCrane,JamesHunterandCallumTeach,callthemselves“TheKindnessOffensive”.Theyspecialisein___22___randomactsofkindnessfortotal___23___.Accordingtothem,itisremarkablyeasytogetholdofitemstogiveaway,ifyou___24___.“Yousimplyphone___25___manufacturerstoseeiftheyarewillingtodonatesomething.”MrGoodfellowexplains.“Ourphonebillsareenormous,but___26___youreachsomeonesympathetic.”Thefourfriends___27___theirworktogetherayearago.“Atfirst,mostpeopleweredeeplysuspicious,”saidMrCrane,amusician.“Theydidn’tthinkwe’d___28___ourpromises.”Butthegroupsoonlearnedhowtodoitproperlyandconvincepeopleoftheirgood___29___.Theirfirstsuccessful“kindnessact”wastohelp___30___aboy’sdreamofwatchingafootballmatchand,lastOctober,theygavefreefoodto___31___seekers.“We’vemetpeoplestrugglingjusttolive,”saidMrHunter,“they___32___wanttocontributetosocietybuttheycan’tworkandtheydon’tfinditeasyeventobuyfood.”TheKindnessOffensivegoestogreatlengthsto___33___mediaexposurebuttheywouldliketoseemorepeopleperformingkinddeedsforoneanother.“WhatI’velearntisthatkindnessis___34___,”David’sfathersaid,“___35___youdogooddeeds,you’llgetalotoutofitandotherswillfollow.”21.A.lead B.distribute C.attach D.apply22.A.carryingout B.workingout C.makingout D.bringingout23.A.children B.customers C.strangers D.friends24.A.adapt B.depart C.concentrate D.persist25.A.familiar B.overseas C.endless D.aimless26.A.initially B.ultimately C.unfortunately D.naturally27.A.launched B.concluded C.advertised D.gathered28.A.lookforwardto B.payattentionto C.passonto D.liveupto29.A.strategies B.intentions C.methods D.routines30.A.found B.affect C.obtain D.fulfill31.A.status B.power C.shelter D.peace32.A.reluctantly B.eagerly C.patiently D.passively33.Aavoid B.double C.encourage D.oppose34.A.plex B.reasonable C.influential D.accurate35.A.though B.unless C.until D.if第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TaiChi,alsonotedasTaijiquan,isatraditionalChinesemartialartthathasevolvedintoapopularformofexerciseandmeditation.___36___(originate)fromChina'sFujianProvince,TaiChihasahistoryofover1,000yearsandisdeeplyrootedinChinesephilosophyandculture.It___37___(characterize)byslow,flowingmovementsthatpromotebalance,___38___(flexible),andrelaxation.Inrecentyears,TaiChi___39___(gain)worldwiderecognitionforitshealthbenefits.StudieshaveshownthatpracticingTaiChicanalsobehelpfulforpeople___40___(reduce)theriskoffallsinolderadults.TaiChiisoftenpractisedingroupsorclasses,___41___studentslearnfromaqualifiedinstructor.TherearemanydifferentstylesofTaiChi,each___42___itsownuniquesetofmovementsandtechniques.Beginnersareencouragedtostartwiththemostbasicmovementsand___43___(gradual)builduptheirskillsandknowledgeovertime.___44___youarelookingforalowimpactexercise,awaytoreducestress,oracloseconnectiontoChineseculture,TaiChiofferssomethingforeveryone.Withregularpractice,youcanexperiencethetransformativepowerofthisancientartformanddiscover____45____deepersenseofbalanceandharmonyinyourlife.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假如你是李華，你的外國(guó)朋友Albert想了解中國(guó)高中生對(duì)于是否需要開設(shè)學(xué)生職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃(careerplanning)課程的想法，請(qǐng)你寫一封信給他，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的觀點(diǎn)2.你的理由；3.你的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答DearAlbert,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AtonetimechildrenmadeMayDaybasketstocelebratespringandenjoytherewardsofgivingsurprisinggiftstotheirbelovedones.WhenIwasinperhapsthethirdgrade,ourclasstookonsuchanadventure.Forseveraldays,weworkedoncreatingpaperbaskets.Wecutcolorfulstripesofconstructionpaperandwovethemtogether,followingourteacher,MissAnderson.Wecutandwoveandglued.Thenwedecoratedthemwithourcrayonsandmorecuttingandgluing.Finally,wefittedpaperhandlesontothetopssothatwecouldsecretlyhangourcreationsonthedoorsofunsuspectingreceivers:surelyourmothers.Wewerefinishedrightontime.MissAndersonbroughtarmloadsofflowersforustouseinstuffingourprizes.Lilac