高中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解

Welcometomyclass!Welcometoourclass!非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題策略指導(dǎo)Non-predicateVerb1.todo2.-ing3.done1.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.2.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.3.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.4.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗爭(zhēng)。)找出以下句子中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞〔含短語(yǔ)〕下面從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的七大經(jīng)典原那么非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟〔一〕分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),區(qū)分“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)”______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.ThoughhewastoldC___A注意連詞3.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.

4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)?！捕痴疫壿嬛髡Z(yǔ)1.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.3.Convincedofthetruthofthereports,hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)；作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)；作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾詞。A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.takenDBEverythingthey1._______everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything______intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.〔三〕分析語(yǔ)態(tài)分析語(yǔ)態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語(yǔ)之后，分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。1.(10上海卷35).

thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.

A.Approaching

B.Approached

C.Toapproach

D.Tobeapproached2.(10陜西卷16)._____fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.

A.Seen

B.Seeing

C.Haveseen

D.Tosee

we

thesouthfootofthemountain〔四〕分析時(shí)態(tài)1.Thebuilding____nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding____nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.built___C_______B______D二.找邏輯主語(yǔ)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)一.區(qū)分“謂與非謂”非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的七大經(jīng)典原那么原那么一：用作目的狀語(yǔ)，原那么上要用不定式1.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.〔10全國(guó)I34〕A.buy

B.tobuy

C.buying

D.tohavebought【解析】由于為我爸爸購(gòu)置禮物是我取錢(qián)的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和C。另外，由于先取后買(mǎi)，應(yīng)選B。如：為了趕上第一趟公交車，他很早就起床了.

tocatchupthefirstbus.

2.Hehadwonderfulchildhood,_____withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld

((10安徽卷30)

)A.travel

B.totravel

C.traveled

D.traveling

3.Inthe1970s,peoplefromaroundtheworldsettledintheUKtoliveandwork,___foodfromhomewhichattractedtheBritish.(11省統(tǒng)考二12〕A.tobringB.bringingC.broughtD.bring

【解析】由于與句子主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間，故用-ing。句意為：和媽媽游遍世界各地，他度過(guò)了自己美好的童年。

原那么二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原那么上要用-ing.－ing形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)與todo作目的狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的－ing形式與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且前面常常帶一逗號(hào);而作目的狀語(yǔ)的不定式的動(dòng)作要比謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作后發(fā)生前面不能用逗號(hào)。用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1〕.Writetotheeditor,________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．〔hope〕2〕.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3〕.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,______alongspeech.(prepare)4〕.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep,,原那么三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式，其原那么區(qū)別是，用-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。4.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.(10江蘇卷28〕〕A.enabling

B.havingenabled

C.toenable

D.tohaveenabled【解析]此處用-ing表示自然而然的結(jié)果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.大雨滂沱，造成了那個(gè)地方洪水泛濫。

6.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.〔06陜西卷〕A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

5.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,_______seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.〔10天津卷12〕caused

B.havingcaused

C.causing

D.tocause原那么四：但凡含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原那么上要用過(guò)去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，那么用不定式的被動(dòng)式；如果所涉及的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，那么用-ing的被動(dòng)式.7.Hisfirstbook

nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.

〔10陜西卷19〕A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished

8.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后應(yīng)接-ing，desks與openandclose之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因couldbeheard，所以選-ing的被動(dòng)式表正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。of原那么五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)原那么上應(yīng)與主句主語(yǔ)保持一致.9.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.〔2006陜西卷〕A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn

facedwith(be)facedwith…原那么六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，原那么上要用完成式〔根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式〕10.Dina,_______formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.〔10湖南卷26〕struggling

B.struggled

C.havingstruggled

D.tostruggle

【解析】因?yàn)镈ina與struggle是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且struggle發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞took之前，所以用-ing的完成被動(dòng)式作原因狀語(yǔ)。

原那么七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，原那么是：用不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生;用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行;用過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成。11.(10重慶卷34).Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone

firstisthelibrary.repaired

B.beingrepaired