河北省唐山市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題 （含答案解析）

唐山市2023—2024學(xué)年度高二年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上,寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Goforadinner.B.Attendaconcert.C.VisitLaurance.2.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Totryanewjob.B.Tostopcomplaining.C.Toaskforabetterpay.3.Whereisprobablytheman?A.Inashoppingmall.B.Inahotel.C.Inhishouse.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheweather?A.Doubtful.B.Excited.C.Worried.5.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Onlinereading.B.Informationcollecting.C.Timespending.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhydidthewomangotoParis?A.TofindajobB.Togovisitingplaces.C.Tomeetherfriend.7.Howdoesthewoman’stripsound?A.WonderfulB.LuckyC.Eventful.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whydidthemanentertherace?A.Tohelpchildren.B.Tomakemoney.C.Tosatisfyhisclassmates.9.Howdidthemanmakeit?A.Bytryingtobeathisbest.B.Bykeepingconstantspeed.C.Byconqueringinnerstruggle.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatkindofmusicistheprojectabout?A.African.B.Australian.C.American.11.Whenwilltheprojecthavetobefinished?A.Bytheendoftheweek.B.Bytheendofthemonth.C.Bytheendoftheholidays.12.What’sthewoman’sattitudetochoosingdrums?A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Puzzled.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatsurprisesthewomanmostaboutthesciencebook?A.Thecondition.B.Thenotes.C.Theprice.14.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.20dollars.B.21dollars.C.23dollars.15.Whydoesthewomanonlybuytwobooksatthemoment?A.Sheisshortofmoney.B.Shecanbuysomeonline.C.Sheisuncertainaboutfurtherchoices.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeaker?A.Classmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Brotherandsister.聽(tīng)第10段獨(dú)白,回答第17至20題。17.WhatisSamuelWilder’sbirthplacecalled?A.Poland.B.Austria.C.Germany.18.WhydidSamuelWildergotoAmerica?A.Tomeetproducers.B.Todirecthisfirstmovie.C.Toescapewar.19.WhatdidSamuelWildermainlydoinhislateyears?A.Hestartedhisindustry.B.Hewrotelovestories.C.Heproducedfunnymovies.20.WhatdoesthespeakermainlytalkaboutofSamuelWilder?A.Hismoviestyles.B.Hismoviecareer.C.Hismoviereviews.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2.5分,滿分25分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenIwastenyearsold,Mumgotparalyzed(癱瘓).Beforethat,shewasalivelyandactivewomanwhoamazedmanywithherenergy.Iadmiredherforallthethingsshedid.However,everythingchangedwhensheturnedthirty-one.Istillhavevividimagesofherbeforeherparalysis.Shewouldplaypopularmusic,creatingacheerfulatmosphereforlivelygatherings.Shewouldjoyfullyrearrangethefurnituretomakeroomforfriendstoabandonthemselvestodance.Sheoftenspenthoursfillingthehousewithflowers,whichwepickedfreshfromthegardens.AfterMum’sparalysis,Ibegantotakecareofmy2-year-oldsister,MaryTherese.Innotimeatall,Ilearnedtobatheandfeedher.Formeitwasagiantstepbeyondplayingwithdolls.Onemomentstandsouteventoday:thetimeMaryTheresefellandskinnedherknee,burstintotearsandranpastmymother’soutstretchedarmsintomine.Toolate,InoticedslighthurtonMum’sface,butallshesaidwas,“It’snaturalthatsheshouldruntoyou,becauseyoutakesuchgoodcareofher.”WhenIwasgrownandenteredthefieldofcorrections,Mumbecameinterestedinworkingwithprisoners.Shetaughtwritingtothem.Oneday,sheaskedmetomailalettertooneprisoner,Waymon.Iaskedformymother’spermissiontoreaditfirst.Itread:whenyousaidthatIcouldn’timaginewhatitisliketobeinprison,IfeltlikeIhadtotellyouthatyouaremistaken.WhenIawokeonedaytofindthatIwascompletelyparalyzed,Ifelttrapped,overwhelmedbyasenseofbeingimprisonedinabodythatwouldnolongerallowmetodanceorcarrymychildinmyarms.Butthen,ImadeachoiceaboutwhetherIwouldsmilewhenIsawmydaughtersagainorIwouldweep.ImadeadecisiontoliveasfullyasIcould.BythetimeIfinishedMum’sletter,myvisionwascloudedbytears.Forthefirsttime,Isawmymotherinaclearerlight.1.HowcanwedescribeMumbeforeherparalysis?A.Creative. B.Ambitious. C.Adventurous. D.Enthusiastic.2.WhatdoMum’swordsaboutTherese’schoiceimply?A.MumhadasharpinsightB.MumwasemotionallygenerousC.MumwasworriedaboutherpositionD.Mumwasabsent-mindedatthemoment3.Whydidtheauthorcry?A.Sheregrettedforwhatshehaddone.B.Waymon’sexperiencewassaddening,C.ShewitnessedMum’scharactershiningthrough.D.Therewassomesecretbetweenherandhermother.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了媽媽癱瘓后的故事，作者被媽媽感動(dòng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“WhenIwastenyearsold,Mumgotparalyzed(癱瘓).Beforethat,shewasalivelyandactivewomanwhoamazedmanywithherenergy.Iadmiredherforallthethingsshedid.(我十歲的時(shí)候，媽媽癱瘓了。在此之前，她是一個(gè)活潑活躍的女人，她的精力讓很多人驚嘆。我欽佩她所做的一切。)”和第三段“Istillhavevividimagesofherbeforeherparalysis.Shewouldplaypopularmusic,creatingacheerfulatmosphereforlivelygatherings.Shewouldjoyfullyrearrangethefurnituretomakeroomforfriendstoabandonthemselvestodance.Sheoftenspenthoursfillingthehousewithflowers,whichwepickedfreshfromthegardens.(我仍然清晰地記得她癱瘓前的樣子。她會(huì)演奏流行音樂(lè)，為熱鬧的聚會(huì)營(yíng)造歡快的氣氛。她會(huì)高興地重新布置家具，騰出空間讓朋友們盡情跳舞。她經(jīng)?；ê脦讉€(gè)小時(shí)用我們從花園里摘來(lái)的鮮花裝點(diǎn)房子。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為媽媽癱瘓前是熱情的、滿腔熱忱的人。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段中“Toolate,InoticedslighthurtonMum’sface,butallshesaidwas,“It’snaturalthatsheshouldruntoyou,becauseyoutakesuchgoodcareofher.”(太晚了，我注意到媽媽臉上有輕微的痛苦，但她只是說(shuō)：“她應(yīng)該跑向你是很自然的，因?yàn)槟惆阉疹櫟媚敲春?。?”可知，媽媽在情感上很慷慨。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Itread:whenyousaidthatIcouldn’timaginewhatitisliketobeinprison,IfeltlikeIhadtotellyouthatyouaremistaken.WhenIawokeonedaytofindthatIwascompletelyparalyzed,Ifelttrapped,overwhelmedbyasenseofbeingimprisonedinabodythatwouldnolongerallowmetodanceorcarrymychildinmyarms.Butthen,ImadeachoiceaboutwhetherIwouldsmilewhenIsawmydaughtersagainorIwouldweep.ImadeadecisiontoliveasfullyasIcould.(信上寫(xiě)道：當(dāng)你說(shuō)我無(wú)法想象在監(jiān)獄里是什么感覺(jué)時(shí)，我覺(jué)得我必須告訴你，你錯(cuò)了。當(dāng)我有一天醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己完全癱瘓時(shí)，我感到被困住了，被一種被囚禁的感覺(jué)壓倒了，我的身體不再允許我跳舞，也不允許我把孩子抱在懷里。但后來(lái)，我做了一個(gè)選擇，當(dāng)我再次見(jiàn)到我的女兒時(shí)，我是微笑還是哭泣。我決定盡我所能充實(shí)地生活。)”和最后一段“BythetimeIfinishedMum’sletter,myvisionwascloudedbytears.Forthefirsttime,Isawmymotherinaclearerlight.(當(dāng)我讀完媽媽的信時(shí)，淚水模糊了我的視線。這是我第一次以更清晰的眼光看待我的母親。)”可知，作者哭了是因?yàn)樗H眼見(jiàn)證了媽媽的人格光輝，被媽媽感動(dòng)。故選C。BTheUnitedNations’InternationalYearofSoilsishardlyamediafavorite.Maybeit’sbecausemanypeoplearelikeme,whorecallMom’swords:“Takeoffyourshoes!Don’tbringdirtintothehouse!“Withallthechallengesintheworldtoday,whywouldwerecognizesoils?Simplyput,soilsareliterallythebasethathumansstandon.Ignoringtheimportanceofthismeter-thickskincoveringourplanetislikeignoringtheimportanceoftheairwebreathe.Withouthealthysoils,wewouldnotbehere.Soilprovidesthestructureandnutrientsneededtogrowourfood.Itstoreswaterthatsatisfiesthethirstoftheenvironment,agricultureandhumans.Ithousesthelargestamountofcarbon(碳)onland,keepingtheclimatefromwarmingevenfaster.Itprovidesthenecessarysupportforthehabitatofalllifeonland-includingdiversityinthesoilitself(insomeregions,justahandfulofsoilcontainsmicroorganismsthataremorethanthepeopleonEarth).Inshort,soilplaysanessentialrolenotonlyinfeedinghumansbutinsupportingthelivingthingsthatproducetheoxygenwebreatheandpurifyingthewaterwedrink.Inotherwords,soilkeepsourplanethabitable.We,therefore,muststopconsidering”soil“adirtywordandrememberthatthefoodweeatandwaterwedrinkcanbetracedbacktoit.Businessesshouldadoptguidelinesthatensurethelongtermhealthandproductivityofsoil.Andlocalandnationalgovernmentsshouldprovidepoliciesthatencouragesoilprotection.Soilisoneofthemostimportantresourcesonourplanet,andwehaveignoredittoolong-atourownrisk.Themostimportantthingthatcanhappenisachangeinmind-setthatrecognizessoilisnotdirt.It’slifebeneathourfeet.4.WhydoestheauthormentionMom’swords?A.Tocriticizemedia.BTofindfaultwithparentsC.Toshowacommonattitude.D.TopromoteInternationalYearofSoils.5.Paragraph3ismainlyaboutthe_______________ofsoil.A.roles B.types C.health D.structure6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SoilBeinginDangerB.MakingtheMostofSoilC.UnearthingtheImportanceofSoilD.HealthySoilGrowingMoreFood【答案】4C5.A6.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們對(duì)土壤的誤解，發(fā)掘土壤的重要性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“TheUnitedNations’InternationalYearofSoilsishardlyamediafavorite.Maybeit’sbecausemanypeoplearelikeme,whorecallMom’swords:“Takeoffyourshoes!Don’tbringdirtintothehouse!“Withallthechallengesintheworldtoday,whywouldwerecognizesoils?(媒體幾乎不喜歡聯(lián)合國(guó)的“國(guó)際土壤年”。也許是因?yàn)楹芏嗳硕枷裎乙粯?，想起媽媽的話：“脫鞋！”別把臟東西帶進(jìn)屋里！“面對(duì)當(dāng)今世界面臨的所有挑戰(zhàn)，我們?yōu)槭裁匆J(rèn)識(shí)土壤？)”可知，作者提到媽媽的話是為了表現(xiàn)出人們普遍的態(tài)度。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第三段“Withouthealthysoils,wewouldnotbehere.(沒(méi)有健康的土壤，我們就不會(huì)在這里)”可知，第3段主要是關(guān)于土壤的作用。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“Soilisoneofthemostimportantresourcesonourplanet,andwehaveignoredittoolong-atourownrisk.Themostimportantthingthatcanhappenisachangeinmind-setthatrecognizessoilisnotdirt.It’slifebeneathourfeet.(土壤是地球上最重要的資源之一，我們忽視它太久了，后果自負(fù)?？赡馨l(fā)生的最重要的事情是思維方式的改變，認(rèn)識(shí)到土壤不是污垢。而是我們腳下的生活。)”可知，文章主要介紹了人們對(duì)土壤的誤解，發(fā)掘土壤的重要性。故選C。CFlorawasplayingwithhernewdogStitch,whilewearingafavouritesecond-handsweater.Stitchjumpedupandgrabbedhersleeve-andtoreseveralholesinitwithhersharpteeth.Florawasn’tabouttothrowtheitemout.“Ican’tbringmyselftothrowawayniceclothingjustbecauseofahole,”sheexplains.Shedecidedtotackleanewskillrepairing.ShebeganbyreadingabookcalledMakeDoandRepair,abouttheinnovativewaystoavoidwaste.Insteadoftyingtomaketherepairassmallaspossible,sheturnedto“visiblefixing,”afashioninrepairingclothesthatleavesanintentionallyobviousfix.Sheaddedflowers,orothersmalldesignstodamagedclothes.“Everytimeyoudoarepair,it’slikegettinganewpieceofclothing,”saysFlora.Sadly,wehavebeeninthehabitofreplacingthingsinsteadofrepairingthem—andthegarbageispilingup.Worldwide,wethrowout92milliontonnesoffabriceveryyear.Thegoodnewsisthatfixingthingscanhelpsolvethewasteproblem.It’spartofalargershifttowardacirculareconomy-theideathatinsteadofthrowingoutitemsoncetheyarebrokenoroutofdate,wereuseorrepairthem,keepingthemoutofthewasteyardforaslongaspossible.Therewasatimewhenpeoplefixedthingsthemselvesorcalledtheirlocalrepairshop,Butasmoreitemswereproducedandpricesdropped,replacingevenabigappliancebecamemoreconvenient.That’schanging,inpartduetoinformationnowavailableonline.Thepopularhow-tositeiFixit.comhasenabledmorethan100millionrepairs.“Companieshavebeendesigningproductsthatbreakeasilyorbecomeoutdatedquickly,forcingconsumerstobuynewonesorpurchaseupgrades.We’renowseeingsomeproducersshowinterestinmakingitpossibleforuserstorepairthings.SomecompaniesaresellingofficialpartsandsharingtheirrepairguidesthroughiFixit.IFixithasgrownintoadatabasewithover100,000repairmanuals.Wehavethisvisionofaworldwhererepairistheexpectationforallthingsthataremade,”saysChamberlain,directorofiFixit.7.WhydidFlorareadabook?A.Forinnovation. B.Forrepairingskills.C.Forabetterlife. D.Fordog-raisinginformation.8.Whatmakestheauthorsad?A.People’shabit. B.Repairingquality.C.Fabricproduction. D.Worldwidegarbage.9.Whatisthepurposeof”circulareconomy“?A.Toremovelandfills. B.Toincreaseproduction.C.Tohelpexchangegoods. D.Torealizeresourcecycle.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromChamberlain?A.Heexpectsmorewiserusers.B.Hesupportspurchaseupgrades.C.HecreatestherepairingdatabaseofiFixit.D.Hehasadesireforcompaniesandconsumers.【答案】7.B8.A9.D10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要以Flora的毛衣被她的狗狗咬壞，但是她并沒(méi)有扔掉毛衣而是對(duì)毛衣進(jìn)行了修補(bǔ)為例，介紹了我們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了更換而不是修理的習(xí)慣，造成了垃圾的堆積?，F(xiàn)在，“循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)”理念的流行正在解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“

Shedecidedtotackleanewskillrepairing.ShebeganbyreadingabookcalledMakeDoandRepair,abouttheinnovativewaystoavoidwaste.(她決定學(xué)習(xí)一種新的修復(fù)技能。她開(kāi)始讀一本名為《將就與修復(fù)》的書(shū)，講述避免浪費(fèi)的創(chuàng)新方法)”可知，F(xiàn)lora讀書(shū)的目的是為了學(xué)習(xí)修復(fù)技能，修補(bǔ)她的毛衣。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Sadly,wehavebeeninthehabitofreplacingthingsinsteadofrepairingthem-andthegarbageispilingup.

(可悲的是，我們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了更換而不是修理的習(xí)慣——垃圾正在堆積)”可知，人們養(yǎng)成的不好的習(xí)慣讓作者感到可悲。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“It’spartofalargershifttowardacirculareconomy-theideathatinsteadofthrowingoutitemsoncetheyarebrokenoroutofdate,wereuseorrepairthem,keepingthemoutofthewasteyardforaslongaspossible.(這是向循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)更大轉(zhuǎn)變的一部分，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的理念是，我們不再在物品破損或過(guò)時(shí)后扔掉它們，而是重新使用或修復(fù)它們，盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地讓它們遠(yuǎn)離垃圾場(chǎng))”可知，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的循環(huán)利用。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Companieshavebeendesigningproductsthatbreakeasilyorbecomeoutdatedquickly,forcingconsumerstobuynewonesorpurchaseupgrades.We’renowseeingsomeproducersshowinterestinmakingitpossibleforuserstorepairthings.SomecompaniesaresellingofficialpartsandsharingtheirrepairguidesthroughiFixit.IFixithasgrownintoadatabasewithover100,000repairmanuals.Wehavethisvisionofaworldwhererepairistheexpectationforallthingsthataremade,”saysChamberlain,directorofiFixit.(“公司一直在設(shè)計(jì)容易損壞或很快過(guò)時(shí)的產(chǎn)品，迫使消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買新產(chǎn)品或購(gòu)買升級(jí)產(chǎn)品。我們現(xiàn)在看到一些生產(chǎn)商對(duì)讓用戶能夠維修產(chǎn)品表現(xiàn)出興趣。一些公司正在通過(guò)iFixit銷售官方零件并分享其維修指南。iFixit已發(fā)展成為一個(gè)擁有超過(guò)10萬(wàn)份維修手冊(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。iFixit董事 Chamberlain表示：“我們有這樣一個(gè)愿景，在這個(gè)世界上，所有制造的東西都需要修復(fù)?！?”可知，他希望公司制作的產(chǎn)品能夠被修復(fù)，消費(fèi)者也能積極的去修復(fù)使用這些東西，而不是去購(gòu)買。由此可推知，Chamberlain對(duì)公司和消費(fèi)者有一種渴望。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Awell-preparedroutineallowsastudenttobeontime,andgrowordevelopsomelifeskillsandhealthyhabits.Atanearlystage,asastudent,itisveryimportanttoadoptsomegoodhabits.Educatingastudentisnotonlyaboutacademicsbutalsoaboutdevelopinggoodhabitsforbetterlife._____11_____Aroutinedailylifecangrowachild’sconfidence.Aroutineprovidesasenseofpredictabilityandsecurityforstudents._____12_____Inthissecuresetting,studentsaremorelikelytofeelconfidentinapproachingtheirdailytasksandchallenges._____13_____!Maintainingawell-structuredroutineislikecreatingaroadmapforconcentrationandproductivity.Whenstudentssetasidespecifictimesfortheirstudies,theygetbetterattheirtaskswithoutgettingdistracted.Asstudentssystematicallymanagetheirdailytaskswithintheframeworkoftheirroutine,theycangraduallydevelopagrowingawarenessoftheirresponsibilities.Suchsenseofresponsibilityextendsbeyondtheacademicfieldandspillsoverintotheirpersonallives._____14_____Theywillbemoreresponsible.Whileroutinesprovidestructure,theyalsoteachstudentshowtoadapt._____15_____Whenstudentsencounterchanges,theylearntoadjusttheirexpectationsandplans.Theabilitytoadapttochangingcircumstancesisalsoessentialforsuccess.A.Aroutinehelpsstudentsfocus.B.Studentshatemeetingchanges.C.Confidenceisabasicrequirement.D.Routinescanincludeelementsofflexibility.E.Knowingwhattoexpecthelpsreduceuncertainty.F.Ahealthyroutinelaysthegroundforabrightfuture.G.Theywitnessthepositiveoutcomesofmeetingtheircommitments.【答案】11.F12.E13.A14.G15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了良好的生活慣例可以讓學(xué)生們養(yǎng)成一些生活技能和健康的生活習(xí)慣?！?1題詳解】上文“Educatingastudentisnotonlyaboutacademicsbutalsoaboutdevelopinggoodhabitsforbetterlife.(教育一個(gè)學(xué)生不僅要學(xué)習(xí)，還要養(yǎng)成更好的生活習(xí)慣)”說(shuō)明要讓學(xué)生養(yǎng)成更好的生活習(xí)慣?？仗幒颓拔臉?gòu)成因果關(guān)系，說(shuō)明健康的生活慣例帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。F項(xiàng)“健康的生活慣例為美好的未來(lái)奠定了基礎(chǔ)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F?！?2題詳解】上文“Aroutineprovidesasenseofpredictabilityandsecurityforstudents.

(生活慣例為學(xué)生提供了一種可預(yù)測(cè)性和安全感)”說(shuō)明良好的生活慣例可讓學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè)將要發(fā)生什么，并給學(xué)生安全感?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，E項(xiàng)中的“Knowingwhattoexpect”和前文中的“asenseofpredictability”相呼應(yīng)，“helpsreduceuncertainty”和下文中的“Inthissecuresetting”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明了解預(yù)期要發(fā)生的事情有助于減少不確定性，這樣就會(huì)增加學(xué)生的安全感。所以E項(xiàng)“了解預(yù)期要發(fā)生的事情有助于減少不確定性”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。13題詳解】下文“Maintainingawell-structuredroutineislikecreatingaroadmapforconcentrationandproductivity.

(維持一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)良好的日常生活慣例就像是制定一個(gè)集中注意力和提高生產(chǎn)力的路線圖)”說(shuō)明本段主要講述良好的日常慣例能夠幫助學(xué)生保持好的專注力，提高效率。A項(xiàng)“日常生活習(xí)慣有助于學(xué)生集中注意力。”適合作本段的主旨句，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段。故選A。【14題詳解】上文“Asstudentssystematicallymanagetheirdailytaskswithintheframeworkoftheirroutine,theycangraduallydevelopagrowingawarenessoftheirresponsibilities.Suchsenseofresponsibilityextendsbeyondtheacademicfieldandspillsoverintotheirpersonallives.

(隨著學(xué)生在日常生活的框架內(nèi)系統(tǒng)地管理他們的日常任務(wù)，他們可以逐漸培養(yǎng)對(duì)自己責(zé)任的日益認(rèn)識(shí)。這種責(zé)任感超越了學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域，滲透到了他們的個(gè)人生活中)”說(shuō)明學(xué)生們通過(guò)良好的生活慣例可以培養(yǎng)對(duì)自己責(zé)任的認(rèn)識(shí)?？仗庬樈忧拔模f(shuō)明責(zé)任感滲透到學(xué)生們的生活中后，他們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)履行承諾的積極成果，變得越來(lái)越有責(zé)任感。G項(xiàng)中的they指代前文中的students，說(shuō)明G項(xiàng)“他們見(jiàn)證了履行承諾的積極成果?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G?！?5題詳解】上文“Whileroutinesprovidestructure,theyalsoteachstudentshowtoadapt.

(日常慣例提供結(jié)構(gòu)的同時(shí)，也教會(huì)學(xué)生如何適應(yīng))”說(shuō)明日常慣例教會(huì)學(xué)生們?nèi)绾芜m應(yīng)變化?？仗幊猩蠁⑾拢珼項(xiàng)中的“elementsofflexibility”和上文的“teachstudentshowtoadapt”相呼應(yīng)，也和下文中的“theylearntoadjusttheirexpectationsandplans”相呼應(yīng)。說(shuō)明日常慣例可以包括靈活性元素，讓人們?cè)诟淖冎袑W(xué)會(huì)去適應(yīng)。所以D項(xiàng)“日常習(xí)慣可以包括靈活性元素”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。CessnaplanesflewmeandmyclimbingteamontotheKahiltnaGlacier,thebasecampofMt.McKinley.Whenweworkedto___16___acampoutofthethicksnowandiceoftheglacier,weheardoneofSpanishclimbershaddiedwhileclimbing.Sam,oneofmypartners,___17___,andworriedthatthisdisastermightbeabad___18___.Heaskedwhetherwewereputtingour___19___atunnecessaryriskbyattemptingthis.Ithoughtbacktomytrainingmorethanayearagointhe___20___,byrunningwithmyguidedogbecauseIamblind.OnedayIhad___21___acactus(仙人掌),landingonmyhand.Oneofmyfriendsaskedme,“Ifyoufelldowninthedesert,howdoyou___22___toclimbthatbigmountain?”Ididn’tyethavean___23___,butIknewwithinayear,Iwouldhaveto!Forthenextyear,wetrainedhard.NowIsaid___24___,“Sam,we’vecomealongwayinayear.We’vemademistakes,we’velearnedfromthem.We’vesolvedproblems___25___preparedforallthethingsthatcouldgo___26___onthemountain.”Now,Ihadenough___27___.Webegantotakeeachstepslowlyandcarefully,knowingthatthemountainwouldnotallowany___28___movement.Riskislikethenext___29___onarockface:youreachforitexpectingthatit’s___30___,butreadytofindthenextholdifit’snot!Ittook15daysforustogettothetopofNorthAmerica.16.A.carve B.transform C.rent D.move17.A.escaped B.concentrated C.hesitated. D.lectured18.A.impression B.result C.credit D.sign19.A.hope B.equipment C.lives D.chances20.A.village B.desert C.forest D.lake21.A.sidedwith B.brokendown C.takenout D.trippedover22.A.expect B.register C.prefer D.aid23.A.appetite B.excuse C.answer D.apology24.A.joyfully B.firmly C.sadly D.frankly25.A.but B.because C.or D.so26.A.silent B.public C.missing D.wrong27.A.time B.faith C.patience D.money28.A.slight B.different C.careless D.individual29.A.centre B.step C.rope D.hold30.A.there B.here C.nowhere D.somewhere【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.C20.B21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和隊(duì)友去攀爬但是聽(tīng)說(shuō)一名西班牙登山者在攀登時(shí)死亡，有的伙伴動(dòng)搖了。接下來(lái)作者和隊(duì)友艱苦訓(xùn)練，如今已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好攀爬?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)诒ê窈竦谋┲虚_(kāi)辟營(yíng)地時(shí)，我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)一名西班牙登山者在攀登時(shí)死亡。A.carve雕刻；開(kāi)辟；B.transform轉(zhuǎn)換；C.rent租用；D.move移動(dòng)。由下文“acampoutofthethicksnowandiceoftheglacier”可知，在冰雪中開(kāi)辟營(yíng)地，故選A。【17題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的合伙人之一薩姆猶豫了，擔(dān)心這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難可能是一個(gè)壞兆頭。A.escaped逃脫；B.concentrated集中于；C.hesitated猶豫；D.lectured訓(xùn)斥。由下文“worriedthat”可知，薩姆有所擔(dān)心，所以猶豫不決，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的合伙人之一薩姆猶豫了，擔(dān)心這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難可能是一個(gè)壞兆頭。A.impression印象；B.result結(jié)果；C.credit學(xué)分；D.sign跡象。由上文“worriedthatthisdisastermightbea”可知，薩姆擔(dān)心這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難可能是一個(gè)壞兆頭，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他問(wèn)我們這樣做是否會(huì)讓我們的生命面臨不必要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.hope希望；B.equipment設(shè)備；C.lives生命；D.chances機(jī)會(huì)。由上文“weheardoneofSpanishclimbershaddiedwhileclimbing.”可知，一名西班牙登山者在攀登時(shí)死亡，所以薩姆認(rèn)為這樣會(huì)讓他們的生命面臨不必要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我回想起一年多前在沙漠里訓(xùn)練的情景，因?yàn)槲沂敲と?，所以帶著?dǎo)盲犬跑步。A.village村莊；B.desert沙漠；C.forest森林；D.lake湖泊。由下文“cactus(仙人掌)”和常識(shí)可知，一般沙漠里有仙人掌，所以他們?cè)谏衬镉?xùn)練，下文“Ifyoufelldowninthedesert,”也是提示，故選B。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我被一棵仙人掌絆倒。A.sidedwith站在……一邊；B.brokendown出故障；C.takenout拿出；D.trippedover絆倒。由下文“l(fā)andingonmyhand.”可知，被仙人掌絆倒，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一個(gè)朋友問(wèn)我：“如果你在沙漠里摔倒了，你怎么指望爬上那座大山呢？”A.expect期望；B.register注冊(cè)；C.prefer更喜歡；D.aid幫助。由上文“Ifyoufelldowninthedesert,howdoyou”可知，如果在沙漠里摔倒了，又怎么能指望爬上那座大山，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還沒(méi)有答案，但我知道一年之內(nèi)，我必須得到答案！A.appetite胃口；B.excuse借口；C.answer答案；D.apology道歉。此處是指對(duì)上文“Ifyoufelldowninthedesert,howdoyou_______toclimbthatbigmountain?”這一問(wèn)題沒(méi)有答案，故選C。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我堅(jiān)定地說(shuō)：“薩姆，一年來(lái)我們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟮倪M(jìn)步?！盇.joyfully高興地；B.firmly穩(wěn)定地；C.sadly傷心地；D.frankly真誠(chéng)地。由上文“Forthenextyear,wetrainedhard.”可知，作者和隊(duì)友經(jīng)過(guò)了多年的訓(xùn)練，所以作者堅(jiān)定地說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)取得了很多進(jìn)步，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們已經(jīng)解決了問(wèn)題，但也為山上可能出現(xiàn)的所有問(wèn)題做好了準(zhǔn)備。A.but但是；B.because因?yàn)?；C.or否則；D.so因此。上文“We’vesolvedproblems”和下文“preparedforallthethingsthatcouldgo_______onthemountain.””是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們已經(jīng)解決了問(wèn)題，但也為山上可能出現(xiàn)的所有問(wèn)題做好了準(zhǔn)備。A.silent沉默的；B.public公共的；C.missing丟失的；D.wrong錯(cuò)誤的，不對(duì)勁的。由上文“preparedforallthethingsthatcouldgo”可知，作者已經(jīng)為可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題做好了準(zhǔn)備，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我有了足夠的信心。A.time時(shí)間；B.faith信仰，信心；C.patience耐心；D.money金錢(qián)。由上文“Sam,we’vecomealongwayinayear.We’vemademistakes,we’velearnedfromthem.”可知，作者已經(jīng)有足夠的信心去攀爬，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開(kāi)始緩慢而小心地邁出每一步，知道山上不允許有任何粗心的舉動(dòng)。A.slight稍微的；B.different不同的；C.careless粗心的；D.individual個(gè)人的。由上文“Webegantotakeeachstepslowlyandcarefully,knowingthatthemountainwouldnotallowany”可知，作者他們開(kāi)始緩慢而小心地邁出每一步，不允許有任何粗心舉動(dòng)，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就像巖石表面的下一個(gè)支撐點(diǎn)：你伸手去抓它，期望它在那里，但如果它不在那里，你就準(zhǔn)備好尋找下一個(gè)支撐點(diǎn)！A.centre中心；B.step步伐；C.rope繩子；D.hold支撐點(diǎn)。由下文“youreachforit”可知，在攀爬時(shí)，應(yīng)該是想抓住巖石下面的支撐點(diǎn)，由此可知，此處指風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就像巖石表面的下一個(gè)支撐點(diǎn)，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就像巖石表面的下一個(gè)支撐點(diǎn)：你伸手去抓它，期望它在那里，但如果它不在那里，你就準(zhǔn)備好尋找下一個(gè)支撐點(diǎn)！A.there里；B.here這里；C.nowhere沒(méi)有地方；D.somewhere某個(gè)地方。由上文“youreachforitexpectingthatit’s”可在，你伸手去抓支撐點(diǎn)，是因?yàn)槟闫谕谀抢?，故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Healthyeatingissomething____31____everyoneknowstheyshoulddo,butfewofusdoitas____32____(regular)aswewouldlike.Thepurposeofthisguideis____33____(share)practicalstrategiesonhowtoeathealthy.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youhavetocutdownondessertsandsweetdrinks,becausesugarismoreakiller____34____fattyfood.Beyondthis,youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferentcategoriesoffreshfoods,especiallyfruitandvegetables,which____35____(be)fullofvitaminsandfibre,ratherthan____36____(process)foods.Inaddition,itisalsoimportanttoincludesomemeat,beans,ordairyproductsinyourdiet,astheyprovidenecessaryproteinforstrong____37____(bone)andmusclegrowth.Aswitheverythinginlife,moderationiscrucial.Theidealdietisabalancedone,withouttoomuch____38____toolittleofanyonething.Finally,afundamentalkeytohealthyeatingistoeatslowly,____39____(allow)yourbodytodigestyourfoodbetter.Healthyeatingstartswithhavingahealthyattitudetowardsfood.Itisuptoyoutodecide____40____youwanttolive,andtomakerightdecisionsaboutyourdiet.【答案】31.that32.regularly33.toshare34.than35.are36.processed37.bones38.or39.allowing40.how【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了健康飲食的一些實(shí)用策略。【31題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：健康飲食是每個(gè)人都知道自己應(yīng)該做的事情，但我們中很少有人能像我們希望的那樣經(jīng)常這樣做。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞something。先行詞為不定代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填that?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：健康飲食是每個(gè)人都知道自己應(yīng)該做的事情，但我們中很少有人能像我們希望的那樣經(jīng)常這樣做?？仗幮枰痹~修飾動(dòng)詞do。故填regularly?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：本指南旨在分享如何健康飲食的實(shí)用策略。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需要?jiǎng)釉~不定式作表語(yǔ)，解釋主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容。故填toshare?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：如果你想保持健康，你必須減少甜點(diǎn)和甜飲料，因?yàn)樘潜雀咧臼澄锔旅?。根?jù)空前more可知，此處需要介詞than“比”，構(gòu)成“形容詞的比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故填than?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：除此之外，你還可以通過(guò)食用不同種類的新鮮食品來(lái)保持健康，尤其是富含維生素和纖維的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞fruitandvegetables，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，本句話描述一般事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞用are。故填are?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：除此之外，你還可以通過(guò)食用不同種類的新鮮食品來(lái)保持健康，尤其是富含維生素和纖維的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需要形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的名詞。process為名詞或動(dòng)詞，其形容詞形式為processed“經(jīng)過(guò)加工的”。故填processed?！?7題詳解】考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：此外，在飲食中加入一些肉類、豆類或乳制品也很重要，因?yàn)樗鼈優(yōu)閺?qiáng)健骨骼和肌肉生長(zhǎng)提供了必要的蛋白質(zhì)。bone為可數(shù)名詞“骨骼”，此處需要該名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填bones?！?8題詳解】考查連詞。句意：理想的飲食是均衡的，沒(méi)有太多或太少的某種東西。空處需要并列連詞連接空前的toomuch和toolittle。根據(jù)句意可知，理想飲食是均衡的，沒(méi)有太多或太少某種東西。所以空處需要選擇性并列連詞or“或者”。故填or?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最后，健康飲食的一個(gè)基本關(guān)鍵是慢慢吃，讓你的身體更好地消化你的食物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指意料之中的結(jié)果，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填allowing?！?0題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：這取決于你決定你想要如何生活，并對(duì)你的飲食做出正確的決定。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“如何”。所以用how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。故填how。第四部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)從詞匯框中選擇合適的單詞完成句子。initialvictimsbarrierblameconsistentbotherliquiddenyfreezeestimatebordergrasp41.Shechosenotto_________othersfortheresultbuttoseekasolution.42.Shefailedherdrivingtestonthe_________try,butpassedthenexttime.43.Despitetheoverwhelmingevidencepresented,hecontinuedto_________anyinvolvementintheincident.44.Herviewsandactionsare_________,showingarealmatchbetweenherbeliefsandbehavior.45.Wrapuporyou’ll_________todeath-seriously,it’sextremelycoldoutthere!46.Thisbridgecrossesthe_________betweenthetwoneighboringcountries,promotinginternationalcooperation.47.Lookathowthe_________ofsmokingaresuffering.Stopsmoking!48.Fatsaresolidatroomtemperature,andoilis_________atroomtemperature.49Idon’tcareifhedoesn’tcome-itdoesn’t_________me.50.Ifyoudon’taccurately_________thecostoftheproject,allyourhardworkwillbefruitless.【答案】41.blame42.initial43.deny44.consistent45.freeze46.border47.victims48.liquid49.bother50.