2024年高等教育公共課自考-00012英語(一)筆試歷年真題薈萃含答案

2024年高等教育公共課自考-00012英語(一)筆試歷年真題薈萃含答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.參考題庫(共30題)1.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（廣告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（棲息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”38.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional2.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，theformeraretwiceaslikelyto（）.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign3.AdvertisingtoChildren （1）Notonlyaretheyeasilyswayedbyadvertising，theyarealsopersuasiveinencouragingtheirparentstobuyaproduct.Ifachildwantssomethingintheirkid'slocker，theywillprodandannoytheirparentsuntiltheygetwhattheywant.（2）Allittakesisalittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementtosendthemontheirway. （3）Inacampaignentitled"KidsaretheStar"，itsemployeeswereencouragedtopayspecialattentiontochildrenandtomakesuretheyhadapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.Thereasonforthis，naturally，wasnotthattheMcDonald'scorporationcareddeeplyaboutthewell-beingofchildreneverywhere，butthatthepester-powerthatchildrenhaveisextraordinarilyeffectiveatbringingtheirparentsbackformorevisits. Thewaythatadvertiserstargetchildrenissimplebig，brightlights，happypeopleandanimatedcharactersareallthatisneededtoencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.（4）TheydonotrealizethatRonaldMcDonaldisjustaguyinaCostumandmake-up，andthatbehindthecounterofeveryMcDonald'sisabunchofkidsworkinginuncomfortableconditionsforlowpay. Thisposesarealmoraldilemmaforthosewhomaketheadvertisingdecisions，oratleastitshould.（5）Howdoyousaynotoanopportunitytoreachsuchawideaudienceofchildren，whoactasadvertisersthemselveswhentheyencourageotherchildrenandtheirparentstobuyaparticularproduct？3.（）A、Whilemanipulatingchildrenintobelievinglies，especiallyencouragingthemtoeatunhealthyfoods，isobviouslybad，thepurposeofbusinessistomakemoneyB、ThesuperficialreactionschildrengetfromeatingMcDonald'slastaboutaslongastheyareattheplaceC、McDonald'satonestageadvisedemployeestospecificallytargetchildrenD、ChildrenareaprimetargetforadvertisersandsalesmenacrosstheworldE、AnyonewhohasseenachildpesteritsparentsknowsthelengthschildrencangotoF、Thisisbecausechildrenarenaive；theygenuinelybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem4.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Truefriendshiprequiresaccountabilityfreefactors.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven5.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Truefriendsmusthavecommoninterests.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven6.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse（NIDA，1999）showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive，contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless，overuseofdrugssuchasopioids，centralnervoussystem（CNS）depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide，particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults，teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany，themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity，NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation，thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms，70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately，thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral，amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative，womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition，statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers，tranquillizers，stimulantsandsedatives.Paragraph①（）.A、DrugoveruseanditsconsequenceB、TheproblemofdrugoveruseinAmericaC、BenefitsofmedicineanditswiseuseD、FemaledrugoverusewithreferencetothatofmalesE、MisuseofmedicineamongtheyounggenerationF、Improperuseofmedicineamongseniorcitizens7.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（廣告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（棲息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”32.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional8.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony，temporaryworld？Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes，interests，pursuits，andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship？Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat，genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern，adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop，andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction：doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn；sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship，Trust，Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay，"Oh，he'sagoodfriendofmine，"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime：timetogettoknoweachother，timetobuildsharedmemories，timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives，thoughts，feelings，andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone，withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem，weoftenfeelbetrayed，leftout，andlonely.Intruefriendship，thereisnobackbiting，nonegativethoughts，noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship，unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Friendshiptakestime.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven9.TryingtoFindaPartner OneofthemoststrikingfindingsofarecentpollintheUKisthatofthepeopleinterviewed，oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith. Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartandsustainintimaterelationships？Doesmodernlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove？Orarewemakingitharderforourselves？ Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthisspousetobeinsolechargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren. Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence. Intheory，findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago，yourchoiceofsoulmate（心上人）wasconstrainedbygeography，socialconventionandfamilytradition.Althoughitwasneverexplicit，manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged. Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster（牡蠣），yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl. Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbyaneventighterconstraint：thetyrannyofchoice.Theexpectationsofpartnersareinflatedtoanunmanageabledegree：goodlooks，impressivesalary，kindtograndmother，andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression. Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't，itisdisposable.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Ofcourse，thisiscomplicatedbyrealities.Thecostofhousingandchild-rearingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandcareerbeforealifepartnership.WhichofthefollowingisNOTexpectedofapartneraccordingtothispassage？（）A、Goodlooks.B、Animpressivecareer.C、Ahighsalary.D、Afinesenseofhumor.10.TryingtoFindaPartner OneofthemoststrikingfindingsofarecentpollintheUKisthatofthepeopleinterviewed，oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith. Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartandsustainintimaterelationships？Doesmodernlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove？Orarewemakingitharderforourselves？ Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthisspousetobeinsolechargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren. Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence. Intheory，findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago，yourchoiceofsoulmate（心上人）wasconstrainedbygeography，socialconventionandfamilytradition.Althoughitwasneverexplicit，manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged. Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster（牡蠣），yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl. Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbyaneventighterconstraint：thetyrannyofchoice.Theexpectationsofpartnersareinflatedtoanunmanageabledegree：goodlooks，impressivesalary，kindtograndmother，andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression. Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't，itisdisposable.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Ofcourse，thisiscomplicatedbyrealities.Thecostofhousingandchild-rearingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandcareerbeforealifepartnership.Whatdoestherecentpollshow？（）A、Itisgettingmoredifficultforawomantofindherhusband.B、Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttostartafamily.C、Itisgettingmoredifficultforamantofindhiswife.D、Itisgettingincreasinglydifficulttodevelopanintimaterelationshipwithyourspouse.11.LiteracyVolunteer LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer（掃盲志愿者）.ThetrainingIreceived，thoughexcellent，didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent，however.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople'sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread，Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading. MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson，Ifoundoutshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn'tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule，shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn'talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords，shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also，shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbytheirlabels.Asaresult，iftheproducthadadifferentlabel，shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted. Asweworkedtogether，learninghowtoreadbuiltJane'sself-confidence，whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Afterthissuccessfultrip，shereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.Attheendoftheprogram，shebeganhelpingheryoungestson，Tony，ashyfirstgrader，withhisreading.Shesatwithhimbeforehewenttosleepandtogethertheywouldreadbedtimestories.Whenhiseyesbecamewidewithexcitementasshereadpridewaswrittenalloverherface，andshebegantoseehowherownhardworkinlearningtoreadpaidoff.Asshedescribedthisexperience，Iwasproudofmyself，too.IfoundthathelpingJanetobuildherself-confidencewasmorerewardingthananythingIhadeverdonebefore. Asaliteracyvolunteer，Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact，ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanJanedid.MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree，couldreadthebusschedule.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven12.MajoredFinance Anincreaseinstudents（11）tostudyeconomicsatuniversityisbeingattributedto（歸因于）theglobaleconomiccrisisawakeningapublicthirstforknowledgeabouthowthe（12）systemworks. Applicationsfordegreecoursesbeginningthisautumnwereupby15%thisJanuary，accordingtoUCAS，the UniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService.A（13）fortheRoyalEconomicSocietysaidapplicationstodoeconomicsatA-levelwerealsoup. ProfessorJohnBeath，thepresidentofthesocietyandaleadinglectureratStAndrewsUniversity，saidhisfirst-yearlectures—whichareopentostudentsfromalldepartments—were（14）crowdsof400，ratherthantheusual250. "Therearealargenumberofstudentswhoarenot（15）majors，whowouldliketolearnsomethingaboutit.OneofthethingsIhavedonethisyearistorelatemyteachingtocontemporary（16）inawaythatonehasn'ttraditionallydone，"headded. Universityapplicationsrose7%lastyear.Buttherewererisesaboveaverageinseveralsubjects.Nursingsawa15%jump，withpeople'srenewedinterestin（17）inthepublicsector（部門），whichareseenasmoresecureineconomiccrisis. Arecentstudyshowedalmosttwothirdsofparents（18）schoolsshoulddomoretoteachpupilsaboutfinancial matters，andalmosthalfsaidtheirchildrenhadaskedthemwhatwasgoingon，althougha（19）ofparentsfelttheydidnotunderstanditthemselveswellenoughtoexplain. ZackHocking，theheadofchildtrustfunds，said："It'spossiblethatonegoodthingto（20）fromthedownturnwillbeagenerationthat'sfinanciallywiserandbetterequippedtomanagetheirmoneythroughtimesofeconomicuncertainty."20.（）A、financialB、applyingC、careersD、minorityE、drawingF、economicsG、believedH、purposeI、spokesmanJ、eventsK、eventsL、professional13.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe（31）acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts，herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards（廣告牌）（32）thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso（33）thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment（KidsF.A.C.E.）in1989.Therearenow300，000（34）ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto（35）a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992，shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993，shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher（36）bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted，KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million，trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe（37）ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats（棲息地）-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey，whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub（38）outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling，pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy，"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible，environmentally（39）personnow，rightaway，（40）youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”36.（）A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional14.ABridgeforSquirrels SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And，Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge，whichhasattractedinternati