江蘇地區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末考試英語(yǔ)模擬試卷

2023屆高一年級(jí)期末模擬試卷

英語(yǔ)試卷

時(shí)間；120分鐘總分；120分2023.01

第一節(jié)、閱讀理解（共16小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

“Whatkindofrubbishareyou?^^Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiithas

becomeaspecial“greeting“amongpeopleoverthepastweek.OnJuly1,thecityintroducedstrict

trash-sortingregulationsthatarerequiredtofollowandexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.

Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandthrowitintospecificpublicdustbins.They

mustdosoatregulatedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-throwingandtoaskthenature

ofone'srubbish.Individualswhofailtofollowtheregulationsfacethepossibilityoffinesandworse.They

couldbepunishedwithfines（罰款）ofupto200yuan（$29）.Forthosewhorepeattogoagainstthem,the

governmentcanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtogetbankloansoreven

buytraintickets.

Shanghaigovernmentisrespondingtoanobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itgenerates9milliontonsof

garbageayear,morethanLondon?sannualoutput,whichisrisingquickly.ButlikeothercitiesinChina,it

lacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedontrashpickerstosift（篩選）throughthewaste,pickingout

whatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.

Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.

Manyresidentsappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutareannoyedbythedetails.Rubbish

mustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorharmful,thedistinctionsamongwhichcan

beconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulesconcerningfood

waste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbins,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandthrowit

byhand.Whattheycomplainmostistheshortperiodsfordroppingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morning

andevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcan

keepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout.Noonewantstolookbad.

l.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrash-sortingregulationsinShanghai?

A.Shanghaiisthefirstcitytomakethetrash-sortingregulations.

B.Residentscanthrowthegarbageatanytime.

C.Thetrash-sortingregulationshavethehighestfines.

D.Monitorsensuretheprocessofthetrash-sortingregulations.

2.WhatisthemaindirectenvironmentalprobleminShanghai?

A.Themassivetraffic.B.Theincreasinggarbage.

C.Lackofarecyclingsystem.D.Lackoftrashpicker.

3.Whatmakestheresidentsupsetmostabouttheregulations?

A.Limitedtimeforthrowingthetrash.

B.Confusingdifferencesamongthecategoriesoftrash.

C.Beingfinedduetoimproperbehavior.

D.Beingwatchedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AGoodWayofTrash-sortingB.ANewPeriodofGarbageSorting

C.AGreatTimeinDealingwithLitterD.AnEffectiveSolutiontoRubbishProblem

Anumberofpeopleholdapositiveattitudetowardartificialintelligence'sabilitytoreshapeeducation

nowadays.However,manyfeelsuchclaimsarenottrustworthy.

KentaroToyama,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichiganSchoolofInformation,isoneofthose

doubtfulabouttheideaofusingAIintheclassroom.

Toyamamentionedasituationhecameacrosswhileworkinginanafter-schoolprogramindigitalliteracy.

Hesaid/Intryingtoteachstudentstousetechnology,thegreatestdifficultyintheirlearningwasthe

technologyitself.^^Assoonashelookedawayfromthestudents,theywould“veryquicklyfindthemostfun

gamestheycouldfindonthecomputerandstartplayingthem^^.Thatsuggeststheproblemwithputtingtoo

muchfaithinAIforteaching."Thereisgreatpotentialforittobeadistraction,,,hesaid.

Toyamaoncesurveyedalargegroupofpeopleabouttheirpreferenceforthefollowingeducational

scenarios（f青景）：aschoolwithnoteachersbutpowerfulAI,onewithbadteachersandnocomputers,onewith

badteachersbutstrongcomputers,onewithgoodteachersbutnocomputers,onewithgoodteachersandsome

computers,oronewithgreatteachersandmanycomputers.Theresultshowedthatnobodywouldsendtheir

childrentoaschoolwithpowerfulAIbutnoteachers,oronewithbadteachersbutstrongcomputers.Toyama

concluded“Goodteachersarewhatmatters;everythingelseissecondarycomparedtothat.”

ToyamaisalsoconcernedthatAIandtechnologymaywidenthegapbetweendisadvantagedschoolsand

wealthierschools.Hesaid,“Thebestwaytothinkabouttechnologyisthatitamplifies（放大）underlying

forces.Inthecaseofschools,well-resourcedschoolswillfindthebestwaystousetechnology.Butifyou'rein

aschooldistrictthatisunderfundedandparentsarenotinvolved,itdoesn'tmakeadifferencehowgoodthe

technologyis,anditwillnotturnthatsituationaround.99

WhenaskedwhenschoolsshouldadoptAI,Toyamasuggestedthattheyshouldwaituntilthebasicsarein

place,teacherswantit,andthetechnologyisprovedtohavepositiveeducationalvalue.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3probablyreferto?

A.ALB.Faith.C.Teaching.D.Computer.

6.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinParagraph4?

A.Tostressthekeyfactorineducation.

B.Torecommendhisfavoriteschoolforparents.

C,TocomparethedifferencesbetweenAlandteachers.

D.Toprovethatpreferenceforschoolsvariesamongpeople.

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillToyamaprobablyagreewith?

A.Poorparentsaretroubledbytheirmoneyproblems.

B.AImaycompletelychangeteachingandlearningoneday.

C.ItisnottherighttimetoputAItogooduseintheclassroom.

D.Teachersandtechnologyareequallyimportanttoaschool.

8.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anovel.B.Areport.C.Atextbook.D.Anannouncement.

C

In1880,fourteen-year-oldMatthewHensonlovedtohearsailorstelltalesoftheirexcitinglivesatsea.

Thetravel,theadventure,thedanger,andthesteadypaywereallattractingyoungHenson.Oneday,hefound

ajobasacabinboyonabeautifulshipcalledtheKatieHinds.Forthenextfiveyears,Hensonsailedaround

theworld.Withthehelpoftheship'scaptainandothermembersofthecrew,Hensonlearnedmathematics,

navigation,history,geography,andmanyothersubjects.BythetimehelefttheKatieHindsin1885,Henson

waswelleducatedandhadbecomeanexcellentseaman.

Unabletofindworkanywhereelse,HensontookajobinahatshopinWashington,D.C.Onedayin

1887,amancameintobuyahat.Theman,RobertPeary,askedtheownerifheknewanyonewithexperience

atsea.PearywouldsoontraveltoSouthAmericafortheU.S.government.Heneededexperiencedmento

accompanyhim.Theshopownerknewabouthisyoungemployee'sskillsandexperienceonoceanjourneys,

soheintroducedPearytoHenson.

Usinghismap-readingandsailingskills,Hensonprovedhimselftobeaworthyandsmartseaman.

PearysoonmadeHensonhisassistant（助理），andtheybecameclosefriends.OnedayPearytoldHenson

abouthisrealdream:tobethefirstmantostandon“thetopoftheworld^^attheNorthPole.HeaskedHenson

tohelphimmakehisdreamcometrue.Overthenextfiveyears,thetwoexplorersmadetwotripstogetherto

theArctic.However,theywerenotabletoreachthepoleeithertime.Thecold,wind,andicewereworsethan

eitherofthemhadeverimagined.

In1908,PearyandHensonwerereadytomaketheirfinalattemptatreachingtheNorthPole.Bothmen

wereoverfortyyearsold.Theyearsofhardshipinthearcticcoldhadmadethemsufferalot.Thiswouldbe

theirlastchance.WithfourInuit（因紐特）guides,theymadeamadrushstraightacrosstheicetowardthepole.

Peary'sfeetwereinjuredandhehadtobepulledonadogsled.InApril1909,Henson'sinstrumentsshowed

theywerestandingattheNorthPole.TogetherHensonandPearyplantedtheAmericanflaginthesnow.

Inlateryears,RobertPearyandHensonweregreatlyhonoredfortheirachievements.Today,thetwo

friendsandfellowexplorerslieinheroes'gravesnotfarapartintheArlingtonNationalCemetery.

9.Inparagraph1,theauthorshowshowHensonbecame.

A.awonderfulseamanB.aneducatedcaptain

C.agoodshopassistantD.asuccessfullearner

10.Paragraph2mainlytellsus.

A.whyMatthewHensonwenttothehatshop

B.howMatthewHensonmetRobertPeary

C.whyMatthewHensonstoppedworkingontheKatieHinds

D.howRobertPearyknewMatthewHensonhadseaexperience

11.ThefollowingstatementsareTRUEexcept.

A.HensonprovedhimselfabetterseamanthanPeary

B.PearywantedHensontohelphimrealizehisdream

C.Beforetheirfinalattempt,theymadetwotripstogether

D.Aftertheydied,theywerehighlyrespectedbypeople

12.ThestorybetweenHensonandPearycouldbestbecomparedto.

A.treasurehunterslookingforfortunesB.sailorsseekingpoweroverothers

C.soldiersfightingfortheirfreedomD.fightersexploringanunknownland

D

Intheearlydaysofcovid-19,thetechindustrywasconsumedbyasenseofexcitement.Withbillionsof

peoplelockeddownathome,workandplaywereshiftingonline.Manyhopedthatthenewnormalwould

sparkahugeproductivityboomasfirmsdigitizedandworkersspentlesstimecommuting.Theexcitementwas

mostevidentinstock-markets,whereanyfirmrelatedtothistrendsawitssharepricesurge.Thetech-heavy

NASDAQroseby88%.

Thecrazyhasended.Todaythelockdownlunacyindex（瘋狂指數(shù)）一whichincludesNetflix,a

streamingservice;Peloton,amakeroffancyexercisebikes;Robin-hood,astock-tradingapp;Shopify,and

e-commerceplatform;andZoom,avideoconferencingfirm-hasfallenbymorethan80%fromitspeak.

HowworryingisthisreturntoEarth?Tobesure,someofitreflectsgloomierprospectsfortheglobal

economy.Anditisdisappointingthattwoyearsofdigitizationandremoteworkhavenotprovidedclear

evidenceofaproductivityboom.Yettherearereasonsstilltobetechno-optimistic.Muchoftheearly

enthusiasmmaysimplyhavebeenfocusedonthewrongtypesoffirm.Thoughthepandemicdarlingshave

fizzled,theshifttowardsevergreaterdigitizationcontinues.Thetruewinnersarenottheflashyconsumer-tech

firms,butthecompaniesthatprovidetheinfrastructuretoenablethisshift.

Lookbeyondtheboomandbustofconsumertech,andyouseetherealsuccesses.Themarketforthe

infrastructuretechnologythatunderpinspeople'sdailylives,suchascloudcomputing,cyber-securityand

digitalpayments,isbooming.Thecloud-computingindustryisexpectedtogrowtoalmost$500bnthisyear,

upfrom$243bnin2019.Amazon'scloudoffering,thelargestintheworld,isstillgrowingat33%eachyear.It

accountedforthree-quartersofthefirm'soperatingincomeoverthepast12months,andisproppingupthe

techgiant'sailinge-commercebusiness.ItsclosestrivalsarethecloudservicesofMicrosoftandGoogle.

Theirannualsalesaregrowingby40%and36%,respectively.

Cloudificationhascreatednewdemandsforcybersecurity,anothertechwinner.Thecombinedrevenueat

thethreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshasalmostdoubledsincethestartofthepandemic.Theirmarket

capitalisationhastripled,andhascomedownonlyafractionsincethestartoftheyear.Digitalpaymentsare

anotherbrightspot,thankstolockdownsandsocialdistancing.Three-quartersofiPhoneownersuseApply

Pay,upfromhalfin2019,andnineoutoftenAmericanretailersnowacceptitasapaymentmethod.Almost

200mpeopleinIndiaandChinahaveusedsomeformofdigitalpaymentforthefirsttimesincetheonsetof

covid.

Thebubblemayhaveburstonthepandemic'sdarlings,butthedrumbeatofdigitizationcontinues.The

lessobvioustechnologiesthatprovidetheunderlyinginfrastructurefortheshiftarethetruebeneficiariesof

covid.Whetherthesewillfuelaproductivityboostonedayremainstobeseen.Buttherewasmoregoingon

duringthepandemicthanlockdowncrazy.

13.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Techindustrypredictedaproductivityboominthelockdown,whichprovedtrue.

B.Thesharepricesofcustomer-techcompaniessharplyrocketedandthendeclined.

C.Robinhoodisatechcompanyspecializainginmeetingdemandsforcybersecurity.

D.Theprospectsofthetechindustryaretoogloomytobeoptimistic.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fizzled“inparagraph3mean?

A.emergedB.benefitedC.failedD.sustained

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?

A.Digitalpaymentwasn'tavailabletoIndiansatalluntilthestartofcovid.

B.Inthepastyear,Amazonhasmainlydependedonitse-commercebusinessofprofits.

C.Intheshiftofworkingonline,cloudificationisnolongeroptional!

D.Themarketcapitalizationofthreelargestlistedcybersecurityfirmshaskeptrising.

16.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?

A.Techno-pessimistsRuletheLockdown.

B.TheLockdownIndexSoundstheAlarm.

C.EconomicDepressionIsArriving.

D.TechLosersandWinnersofthePandemic.

第二節(jié)、七選五（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多

余選項(xiàng)。

Live-streammarketing:Aruralrags-to-richesstory?（從貧窮到富裕的鄉(xiāng)村的故事）

Formanyyears,qualityagriculturalproductswereunabletosellinfarawayprovinces.17It

preventedthemfromaccessingawider,urbanclient.Inmostcases,becausefarmersfailedtodirectlyreach

consumers,theirheavyphysicallaborresultedinverylittleincome.Inthisregard,live-streammarketingmay

appealtoyoungmigrantworkersandconvincethemtoreturnhomeinthecountryside.18

InYunnanProvince,southwestChina,live-streammarketingiscurrentlythemostpopularwayof

pushinglocalproductstoconsumersacrossthecountry.19Itisturningthesmartphoneintoanew

farmingtoolbyfashioningnewshoppingcenters.Live-streaminghasgreatlyboostedtheprovince'sproduce

salesinthepasttwoyears.Wenowhaveagreatbusinessmodelinplace,combiningproductswith

high-qualitylivestreamplatformsandsupportpackagesfromthegovernment.20Anyway,the

continuousdevelopmentoflive-streammarketingisreadytoplayabigroleinraisingruralincomesin

relativelybackwardprovinceslikeYunnan.E-commercelive-streamingisdoingprettywellnowadays,but

farmproduceonlyaccountsforasmallshare,mainlyduetothelackofexperiencedhostsandinfrastructurein

ruralareas.

21Howtogrowlivestreammarketingforfarmproducts?Shortvideosorlive-streams,thekey

istomeetconsumers9demand.High-qualityproductsalonearen'tenough;theymustconsiderbuyers9

preferencesaswell.

A.Therearisesaquestion.

B.Governmentpoliciesandguidanceshouldfollowup.

C.Theexpansionof5Gtechnologyisavitalcontribution.

D.Thebiggestbarrierislackofefficientmarketingchannels.

E.Chinahasatraditionofintensivecultivationandahugeruralpopulation.

F.Butweshouldestablishacompletesupplychainbasedonstrictstandards.

G.Oncebacktheycanintroducemoredigitallyadvancedapproachestoagriculturalmanagement.

第三節(jié)、完形填空。（共15小題，每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

SincethestartoftheSpaceAge,private-sector（私營(yíng)部門(mén)）leadershavebeenissuingwarningsthata

centralizedmodelwoulddamageprogressonpublicand,especially,commercialprioritiesinspace.For

example,RalphCordiner,theone-timeCEOofGeneralElectric,foresawmuchofthespacedevelopment

whileforcefullyarguingthat,eventually,space's""developmentshallbeunderourtraditionalcompetitive

22_system.

Theeconomiclogicforthecentralizedmodelwasclear,andforseveraldecadesithas23itsgoals.

Publicgoodssuchasnationalsecurity,nationalpride,andbasicsciencearetypically24iflefttothe

market,andNASA（美國(guó)宇航局）wasfoundedtoprovidethemduringtheColdWar.Its

command-and-controlstructuregrewnaturallyfromthat25.

Underthismodel,theUnitedStateshasbeentheleadingspacepowerandNASAhasoccupiedthe

technologicalfrontier.ThesuccessoftheApollomissions,includingthe1969moonlanding,inspiredgrand

26ofwhatwouldcomenext.Intheearly1970s,studiesofspacecolonizationanddiversifiedspace-based

economies27.

ButafterthelastoftheApollomissionsin1972,NASA-andthustheUSspacesector-struggledto

findasecond28initsspacescript.PartofthereasonwasthatthetightconnectionbetweentheApollo

programandcompetitionwiththeSovietUnionmadeNASA'sbudgetvulnerable(脆弱的)tothesensethat

themissionhadalreadybeenaccomplished.ApolloastronautBuzzAldrinsaid,""AftertheApollolunar

missions,Americalostitsloveofspace——therewasnoconcentrated29_andwedidn'thaveanyclear

objectives^^.

WhenNASAdecidedthatitsnextemphasiswouldbeontheSpaceTransportationSystem,betterknown

astheShuttle,itappliedlargelythesame30approachithadusedinthe1960s.Thefirstflightofthe

Columbiaspaceshuttlewasin1981.Successiveshuttleflightsenabledtwodecadesofachievements,

includingtheconstructionoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)andHubbleSpaceTelescope,which31

Americantechnologicalcompetence.

Aftertwotragicaccidents,withtheChallengershuttlein1986andtheColumbiashuttlein2003,

momentum(勢(shì)頭)turnedawayfromtheShuttleandthecentralizedmodelofspaceit32.Theshuttle

programwascancelledin2011,leavingtheUnitedStatesinthe33positionofnotbeingabletolaunch

humansfromdomesticsoil.

Aninstructivecontrastisprovidedbythe34theUSgovernmenttooktothedevelopmentofthe

commercialsatellitemarket.In1962,CongresscreatedCOMSAT,afor-profit,privatecorporationownedby

commonshareholdersandagroupoftelecommunicationscompanies.NASAwasofficiallychargedwith

providing35advicetoCOMSAT,andtheagencywasgivenresponsibilityforCOMSAT'slaunches.The

ideabehindthispublic-private_36_wastoemploytheexpertiseofNASAtojump-startaprivate

communicationssatelliteindustry.Itledtotherapiddeploymentanduse-forbothpublicandprivate

purposes-ofthevastrangeofsatellitesthatdominatethespaceeconomytoday.

22.A.enterpriseB.employmentC.electricityD.justice

23.A.draftedB.attainedC.recognizedD.estimated

24.A.underprovidedB.underfoundedC.overpricedD.overused

25.A.investmentB.acquisitionC.frictionD.objective

26.A.evolutionB.conversionsC.visionsD.industrialization

27.A.recoveredB.thrivedC.ceasedD.failed

28.A.actB.planetC.interpretationD.animation

29.A.close-upB.warm-upC.follow-upD.dress-up

30.A.centralizedB.popularizedC.coinedD.mystified

31.A.stuffedB.admittedC.demonstratedD.overtook

32.A.accessedB.rejectedC.wrinkledD.represented

33.A.seniorB.navigableC.embarrassingD.harsh

34.A.riskB.routineC.approachD.advantage

35.A.legalB.technicalC.equalD.financial

36.A.partnershipB.debateC.meditationD.horizon

第四節(jié)、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

ChinabeatSouthKorea3-2fromtwogoalsdowninthedramatic(戲劇性的)finaloftheAFCWomen's

AsianCuponSundaynight(Feb.6)and37(win)itsrecord-extending9thtitle.“38faith

hasacolor,itmustbeChinared!”TheChineseFootballAssociationsaidasitcongratulatedthesoccergirls

overthegame,nicknamingthem“steelroses(鏗鏘玫瑰),the39(proud)ofChina,“ascountless

soccer40(fan)shedtearsbehindthescenes.DespitebeingtwogoalsbehindSouthKoreainthe

firsthalf,theChinesewomen's41(nation)footballteamscoredthreeinthesecondhalfwithtwo

goalsscoredinjustfiveminutes.HeadcoachShuiQingxiasaidatapressconferencebeforethegamethat"the

wholeteamisadjusting42(physical)andmentallytoprepareforallkindsofdifficultiesinthe

final.9,Sheburst43,tearsattheteam'svictory,andwasnicknamedbynetizensas“eternalGod“after

boldly(大月旦地)44(replace)theexperiencedbutinjuredplayerWangShuangwiththeyoungplayer

ZhangLinyaninthesecondhalf.Zhangscoredthesecondgoalfortheteam11minutesafterthereplacement.

“Despitebeingtwogoalsbehindinthefirsthalf,wekeptencouraging45(we)toattackandattack

becauseweknowwecanwinthemback.Wehavegrownintoacompletelynewteamaftergoingthroughso

manythingslastyear.Wecamehere46(seek)thechampionshipwithfullconfidenc