2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷02（全國(guó)通用）（解析版）

2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷02（全國(guó)通用）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分1.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1．（2024·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模）Whatisthewomandoing?A．Offeringadvice. B．Sellingclothes. C．Askingforhelp.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mnotsurewhethertowearthisshirtwithmyjeans.Whatdoyouthink?W:Ithinkyourwhiteshirtgoeswellwiththedarkbluejeans.ButnowI’mnotsureaboutthatgreensweateroveryourshirt.Howaboutwearingyourjacketinstead?2．（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Theweather. B．Drivinglessons. C．Theman’swork.【答案】A【原文】W:Bringyourumbrellatoworktoday.Itlookslikethereisgoingtobeastorm.M:Ihavemyraincoatinthecar,soIamnotworried.W:OK,butalsoremembertodriveslowlyifitstartstorain.3．（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whydoesthewomangivethecall?A．Tobookatable. B．Tomakeanappointment. C．Tochangethedateofmeeting.【答案】B【原文】M:Goodafternoon,ParkDentalAssociates.CanIhelpyou?W:Goodafternoon,I’dliketoseeDoctorBryantat9a.m.onFriday,please!M:I’msorry,DoctorBryant’sscheduleisfullonthatday.CanIfityouinonSaturday?W:Yes,that’sfine.4．（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atabusstop. B．Atschool. C．Athome.【答案】C【原文】W:Luke,Hurryup!Theschoolbuswillbearrivingin5minutes.Youcan’tmissitoryou’llbelatefortheexamtoday.M:It’sOK,mom.Thedriverknowsit,sohewillmakesureeverybodyisonboard.5．（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutflight?A．Anxious. B．Excited. C．Dissatisfied.【答案】C【原文】M:Howwasyourtrip?Iseverythingallright?W:Wewaitedforalongtimebeforetheplanetookoff,andtheseatmademeuncomfortable.Now,Ijustwanttogotomybedandgetsomerest.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第6、7題。（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）6．What’sthebestlanguagestudymethodaccordingtotheman?A．Usinganapp. B．Listeningtonews. C．Speakingwithlocalpeople.7．Whatdoesthemanvaluemost?A．Touringthecountry. B．Exploringlocalcafes. C．Gettinginvolvedintheculture.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】W:How’syourFrenchcomingalong?Areyoustillpracticingdaily?M:Yeah,onehouraday.It’simprovedfromgreetingstobasicconversations.W:Great!Couldyourecommendanyapps?M:Well,there’sonenamed“EnProvence”.AndIlistentolocalnewssometimes,butnothingbeatschattingwithpeopleatthelocalFrenchcafe.W:AnditishandyinFrancetoo,right?M:Absolutely.Byengagingmyselfintheculture,I’lltrulybecomeapartofthelocalcommunity.It’simportanttohaveagenuineexperienceratherthanjustbeingatourist.W:Thatsoundsamazing.I’mplanningtovisitParisnextyeartoo.MaybeIshouldstartlearningFrenchaswell.M:Definitely!聽(tīng)第7段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第8、9題。（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）8．Howmuchdoesanentranceticketcost?A．Twodollars. B．Fivedollars. C．Sevendollars.9．Inwhatwaydoesthewomanpay?A．Bycheque. B．Incash. C．Bycreditcard.【答案】8．B9．B【原文】W:I’dlikeatickettothefair,please.M:OK.Thisisanentranceticketonly.Ifyou’dliketogotothepettingzooorthehorseride,therewillbeanextrafee.W:Howmuchdothosecost?M:Thepettingzoois$2,andthehorserideis$3.W:I’llbuyatickettothepettingzooaswell,please.M:Yourtotalcomesto$7.W:Doyoutakecreditcards?M:No,wetakecashonly.W:Okay,hereyougo.聽(tīng)第8段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第10至12題。（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）10．Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A．Fromafriend. B．Fromtheformerrenter. C．Fromanadvertisement.11．Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A．Ontomorrowafternoon. B．Infivedays. C．Intendays.12．Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A．Itisn’tfurnished. B．It’squiteconvenient. C．It’sinneedofrepair.13．Whatmayannoythewoman?A．Movinghouse. B．Somethingoftengoeswrong. C．Walkingalongwaytobuythings.【答案】10．C11．A12．B13．B【原文】W:Hello,thisisPamela.I’dliketoseetheapartmentyouadvertised.M:Hello,Pamela.I’mfreewheneveryoucome.W:Soundsgood.Oh,I’msatisfiedwiththepicturesyouputupthere,butIthinkI’dbetterhavealook.M:Ofcourse.Theformerrenterjustmovedoutyesterday,soIhaven’tcleanedityet.W:ThehouseIliveinnowisdueintendays.M:Inthatcase,Iwillhavetheroomcleanedtomorrowafternoon.W:Great.Bytheway,arethereanyshoppingcentersnearby?M:Yes,it’saboutfiveminutes’walk.Undergroundandbusstationarequitenear,too.W:Cool.Isthehousewell-furnished?Andisthatingoodcondition?M:Yeah.AndIwillcheckalltheequipmentbeforeyoumovein.W:Thankyouverymuch.Youknow,it’sannoyingifsomethingoftenbreaks.M:Don’tworry,madam.W:OK.I’llcallyoulater.聽(tīng)第9段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第13至16題。（2024·河南新鄉(xiāng)·統(tǒng)考一模）14．Wherewillthemanbeat11:00thismorning?A．Attheoffice. B．Attheairport. C．Attherestaurant.15．Whatwillthemanprobablybedoingat2:00thisafternoon?A．Havingameeting. B．Receivingaguest. C．Readingareport.16．Whenwillthewomanseetheman?A．Thisafternoon. B．Tomorrowmorning. C．Thisnoon.【答案】14．B15．A16．B【原文】W:Hello,MrWhite.Doyouthinkit’spossibleforustotalksometimetoday?M:I’dloveto,MissWilson.ButIhavegotaprettytightscheduletoday.Ihavegottofinishreadingtheyearlyfinancialreportby10:00.ThenIhavetodrivetotheairporttopickupanadvertiserat11:00.Afterthat,Iwillhaveameetingwithhimoverlunch.W:CanIseeyouafterlunch?M:Well,letmesee.Afterlunch,Ihavetoattendaseniorstaffmeeting,whichmaylastabouttwohours.Canyoucomeat3:00?Er,Iwillhaveameetingwithmysalesteam.IthinkwecantalkforanhourbeforeImeetmysalesteamat4:00.W:I’mafraidanhouristooshort.Wehavetoomanythingstodiscuss.Whatabouttomorrowmorning?M:9:00to11:00then.Iwillwaitforyouattheoffice.W:OK,seeyouthen.聽(tīng)第10段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第17至20題。（2024·陜西漢中·統(tǒng)考一模）17．Whatisthewomancookingnow?A．Spaghetti. B．Pizza. C．Friedchicken.18．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthefood?A．Indifferent. B．Interested. C．Worried.19．Fromwhomdidthewomangettherecipe?A．Arelative. B．Afriend. C．Arestaurantowner.20．Whatdidthewomanplantodotonight?A．Goshoppingforfood. B．Teachthemantocook. C．Entertainfriendsathome.【答案】17．A18．B19．A20．C【原文】M:Hello,Heidi.Somethingsmellsgood!Whatareyoumakingfordinnertonight?W:Oh,hey,Vince.Iamtryingoutanewrecipe-spaghetti(意大利面)withhomemadetomatosauce.M:Wow,thatsoundsdelicious.Howdoyoumakeit?W:Igotabunchoftomatoes,oliveoil,garlic,andsalt.Icookedeverythingquicklyinalittlebitofwater.Then,Iletitcookslowlyforovertwohours.M:Wheredidyoufindtherecipe?Iamalwaysinterestedinideasfornewmeals.Thisonesoundsamazing!W:Mycousinsentmetherecipe.Heisachefatanicerestaurant.Iamsureitwillbegreat.M:CanItrysomeofitwhenyou’refinishedcooking?Spaghettiisoneofmyfavoritefoods.W:Certainly.Iwasabouttoinvitesomeofmyotherfriendstocomeoverfordinner,too.Thereshouldbeplentyoffood--pizzas,salads,friedchicken...Everythingshouldbereadybysixo’clock.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2024·四川綿陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模）TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.TheTerracottaArmyItisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.AncientCityWallItwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark,whereyoucanenjoyagoodviewofthecity.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagoda,wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures(經(jīng)典).OneofitsmainfunctionswastostorescripturesbroughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumItishometoover370,000precioustreasuresunearthedinShaanxi.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,somepieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.21．Wherecanyougoifyou’reintoancientChina’stroops?A．TheTerracottaArmy. B．AncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda. D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.22．Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A．Theydatebackto1,000yearsago.B．Theyhavewonderfultallbuildings.C．TheyshowthegreathistoricalcharmofXi’an.D．Theyhaveawiderangeofpreciouscollections.23．Whoisthepassagemainlyintendedfor?A．ThetravelerstoXi’an.B．Thehistory-loverstoXi’an.C．TheparticipantstoasummitinXi’an.D．ThevisitorstoafamousmuseuminXi’an.【答案】21．A22．C23．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)位于西安，具有歷史和文化價(jià)值的景點(diǎn)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.(兵馬俑于1974年被發(fā)現(xiàn)，是由中國(guó)秦始皇秦朝(公元前221年-公元前207年)建造的，有數(shù)千個(gè)真人大小的兵馬俑，在面部特征和表情、服裝、發(fā)型和身體姿勢(shì)上各不相同)”可知，如果你想了解古代中國(guó)的軍隊(duì)，你可以去兵馬俑。故選A項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Itisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.(這是20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一)”和AncientCityWall部分中“Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.(現(xiàn)在它是中國(guó)最古老、保存最完好的城墻之一)”和GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中“Itwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).(它是明朝(1368-1644)第一任皇帝朱元璋于14世紀(jì)建造的)”和ShaanxiHistoryMuseum部分中“Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.(它的藏品包括青銅器、陶俑、黃金和唐代墓葬的繪畫(huà))”可知，這四個(gè)景點(diǎn)的共同之處是它們展現(xiàn)了西安偉大的歷史魅力。故選C項(xiàng)。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.(即將召開(kāi)的中國(guó)-中亞領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)議將在擁有3000多年歷史、有“活歷史博物館”美譽(yù)的西安舉行。如果你是參與者之一，請(qǐng)享受以下內(nèi)容)”可推知，這篇文章主要是寫(xiě)給出席西安峰會(huì)的與會(huì)者看的。故選C項(xiàng)。B（2024·四川內(nèi)江·統(tǒng)考一模）Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend,Roger,whowasmissingahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartificialhelperforhim.Therobotichandiscalled“Dexi”.Itseachfingercanmoveindependently.Thestrengthandspeedofthehand’s“muscles”canbecontrolled.Thefingersstopclosingwhentheycomeacrosssomething,allowingthehandtoshakehands,forexample.He’salsocreatedadigitalversionofthishand,whichrespondsonacomputerscreen.Thesystemconsideredunusualbyexpertsisthatittakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrainandsendsthemtoacomputer.Cameronmanagedtoapplythebraininterface(接口)afterhundredsofexperiments.Wearingaspecialheadset,hecanopenandclosetherobotichandjustbythinking.Tomakethehandclose,he“sees”afistinhishead.Toopenthehand,hethinksaboutthebeep(嘟嘟聲).Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.Cameronisworkingonahandthatcanactuallybeusedbyapersonwho’slostahandatpresent.Hesaysthenewhandwillbesimpler,becausetherewon’tbeasmuchspace.Tomakeupforthis,he’saddingaminicameraandtryingtomakethehandsmarter.Hewantstoletusersthinkofataskandhavethehanddoitautomatically.Cameronencouragesyoungpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomethingdemandingandsimilar:“Youjustbeginworkingtowardsit,takingonelittlestepatatime,purposefulanddetermined,soonerorlateryou’regoingtogettowhereyoulongfor.”24．What’sthemostspecialabouttherobotichandRogeruses?A．Theminicamera. B．Controllablemuscles.C．3Dprinting. D．Thebraininterface.25．WhichversionoftheartificialhanddoesDexibelongto?A．Thefirst. B．Thesecond. C．Thethird. D．Thefourth.26．WhichsayingdoCameron’swordsconvey?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.C．Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.D．Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Cameron’sroadtosuccess. B．Arobotichelperforthedisabled.C．Cameron’slatestartificialhanddesign. D．TheevolutionofCameron’srobotichands.【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了Cameron為了幫助失去了一只手的朋友Roger，為他設(shè)計(jì)并制造出了可以由電腦控制的機(jī)械手。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesystemconsideredunusualbyexpertsisthatittakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrainandsendsthemtoacomputer.Cameronmanagedtoapplythebraininterface(接口)afterhundredsofexperiments.(這個(gè)系統(tǒng)被專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為是不尋常的，它從人腦中獲取電信號(hào)并將其發(fā)送給計(jì)算機(jī)。經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)百次實(shí)驗(yàn)，Cameron設(shè)法成功地應(yīng)用了大腦接口。)”可知，Roger使用的機(jī)械手最特別的地方是大腦接口。故選D項(xiàng)。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.(事實(shí)上，Cameron的第一只機(jī)械手是用在線(xiàn)機(jī)器人套件3D打印出來(lái)的。意識(shí)到這只手太有限，他決定自己制造一只機(jī)械手。這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的挑戰(zhàn)，但他的新版本更好。與許多其他機(jī)械手項(xiàng)目相比，它也很便宜。Cameron先生說(shuō)，設(shè)計(jì)和制造機(jī)械手是困難的，而給電腦編程更容易。然后就有了Roger正在使用的那個(gè)。)”可知，Roger的第一只機(jī)械手是Cameron在網(wǎng)上3D打印的，第二只是Cameron自己制造的，后來(lái)又有了Roger現(xiàn)在用的這只Dexi，所以Dexi是第三個(gè)版本。故選C項(xiàng)。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Cameronencouragesyoungpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomethingdemandingandsimilar:‘Youjustbeginworkingtowardsit,takingonelittlestepatatime,purposefulanddetermined,soonerorlateryou’regoingtogettowhereyoulongfor.’(Cameron鼓勵(lì)那些想要做一些有挑戰(zhàn)性的類(lèi)似的事情的年輕人:‘你只要開(kāi)始朝著它努力，一次邁出一小步，有目標(biāo)，有決心，遲早你會(huì)到達(dá)你渴望的地方?！?”可知，Cameron想要表達(dá)只要有夢(mèng)想，并為之堅(jiān)持，就會(huì)成功，即“有志者，事竟成”。故選B項(xiàng)。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend,Roger,whowasmissingahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartificialhelperforhim.(上小學(xué)的時(shí)候，GlennCameron非常清楚他的朋友Roger所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，他失去了一只手?，F(xiàn)在他為他制造了一只機(jī)械手來(lái)幫助他。)”和第三段“Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.(事實(shí)上，Cameron的第一只機(jī)械手是用在線(xiàn)機(jī)器人套件3D打印出來(lái)的。意識(shí)到這只手太有限，他決定自己制造一只機(jī)械手。這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的挑戰(zhàn)，但他的新版本更好。與許多其他機(jī)械手項(xiàng)目相比，它也很便宜。Cameron先生說(shuō)，設(shè)計(jì)和制造機(jī)械手是困難的，而給電腦編程更容易。然后就有了Roger正在使用的那個(gè)。)”可知，本文主要敘述了Cameron為幫助朋友，經(jīng)過(guò)幾次嘗試，終于成功設(shè)計(jì)并制造了可以由電腦控制的機(jī)械手。D項(xiàng)“Cameron機(jī)械手的演變”能概括文章大意，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。C（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Themeasurementofbloodpressuregoesbackalmostthreecenturies,leadingtotheprocedurethatweallknowandthatourfamilydoctorperformswhenwehavecheckups:Acuff(袖口)goesaroundourarm,whichisfirstinflated(膨脹),andthendeflated(放氣),inacontrolledmanner,todetermineourmaximumandminimumbloodpressure.Buttheuseofinflatable-cuffbloodpressuremonitorshassomedisadvantages.Foronething,unlesspeoplehavehomemonitors,theymustgotoachemistryshop,doctor’sofficeorhealthcentertolearnwhattheirbloodpressureis.Anotherbarrieristhatrepeatedinflationanddeflationofthecuffcancausedifficultieswhen,forexample,apatientisinthehospitalandneedsfrequentbloodpressuremonitoring.Andthelastoneisthatsincecuffsdon’tallowcontinuousmeasurementofbloodpressure,they’reonlyprovidingameasurementataspecificmoment.Today,anewgenerationofbloodpressuredeviceshavebeendevelopedandtheiraimistomakeiteasiertojudgehighbloodpressure.Unliketraditionaldevices,theydowithoutthearmcuffandofferbloodpressurevaluesondemand.Usersjustpresstheirfingeronasensoronawatchandring.Thevariouscufflessmeasuringdevicesarebasedonmethodsthat,insteadofdirectlydeterminingbloodpressure,usesensorstocapturevariousindirectsignals.Thesesignalsareprocessedbydifferentsetsofmathematicalprocedurestoobtainthebloodpressurevalues.Itislikeinferringfeverbymeasuringanincreaseinheartbeatandsweatinginsteadofusingathermometer(體溫表),ordiviningtheresultofasoccermatchfromoutsidethestadiumbylisteningtothescreamsofthesoccerfans.Thedevelopmentofdevicesformeasuringbloodpressurewithoutabloodpressurecuffisprogressingrapidly,butthatdoesn’tmeantheyarereadyusedtomakediagnosticandtreatmentdecisions.“Theroadtoclinicalapplicationmaybesomedayinthenearfuture,butnotnow,”Avoliosays.28．Howmanydrawbacksofinflatable-cuffbloodpressuremonitorsarethereinthetext?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.29．WhichwordcanreplacetheunderlinewordinPara.4?A．changing. B．describing. C．guessing. D．remembering.30．What’sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theworkingprincipleofcufflessmeasuringdevices.B．Thedifferentmethodsforsettingmathematicalprocedures.C．Thewayofcufflessmeasuringdevicestomeasureindirectsignals.D．Theconnectionbetweeninferringfeverandmeasuringbloodpressure.31．Whatwillthewritermostprobablytalkaboutoncufflessmeasuringdevicesnext?A．Theissueofmass-producingthem.B．Theprocessingtechniquesofthem.C．Thecompetitiveintensityamongtheirproducers.D．Thereasonsforthemnotbeingusedinthemedicalworldcurrently.【答案】28．B29．C30．A31．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新一代的血壓測(cè)量設(shè)備。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Foronething,unlesspeoplehavehomemonitors,theymustgotoachemistryshop,doctor’sofficeorhealthcentertolearnwhattheirbloodpressureis.Anotherbarrieristhatrepeatedinflationanddeflationofthecuffcancausedifficultieswhen,forexample,apatientisinthehospitalandneedsfrequentbloodpressuremonitoring.Andthelastoneisthatsincecuffsdon’tallowcontinuousmeasurementofbloodpressure,they’reonlyprovidingameasurementataspecificmoment.(一方面，除非人們有家用監(jiān)測(cè)儀，否則他們必須去化學(xué)商店、醫(yī)生辦公室或健康中心了解他們的血壓。另一個(gè)障礙是，袖帶的反復(fù)充氣和充氣可能會(huì)造成困難，例如，當(dāng)病人住院并需要頻繁監(jiān)測(cè)血壓時(shí)。最后一點(diǎn)是，由于袖口不允許持續(xù)測(cè)量血壓，它們只能提供特定時(shí)刻的測(cè)量。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)的可充氣的臂袖式血壓儀有三個(gè)不足之處。故選B項(xiàng)。29．詞句猜測(cè)題。第四段劃線(xiàn)詞句前半部分“Itislikeinferringfeverbymeasuringanincreaseinheartbeatandsweatinginsteadofusingathermometer(體溫表),(這就像不使用體溫表，而是通過(guò)心跳和出汗的增加來(lái)推測(cè)發(fā)燒，)”列舉了一種間接推測(cè)的事例，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€(xiàn)部分“ordiviningtheresultofasoccermatchfromoutsidethestadiumbylisteningtothescreamsofthesoccerfans(或者通過(guò)球迷的尖叫聲來(lái)divining足球比賽的結(jié)果。)”其中劃線(xiàn)單詞意思是“（間接）猜測(cè)（足球比賽結(jié)果）”。故選C項(xiàng)。30．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thevariouscufflessmeasuringdevicesarebasedonmethodsthat,insteadofdirectlydeterminingbloodpressure,usesensorstocapturevariousindirectsignals.Thesesignalsareprocessedbydifferentsetsofmathematicalprocedurestoobtainthebloodpressurevalues.(各種無(wú)臂袖測(cè)量設(shè)備的方法，而不是直接測(cè)量血壓，使用傳感器捕捉各種間接信號(hào)。這些信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)不同的數(shù)學(xué)程序處理，得到血壓值。)”可知，本段主要講的是無(wú)臂袖式測(cè)量設(shè)備的工作原理。故選A項(xiàng)。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thedevelopmentofdevicesformeasuringbloodpressurewithoutabloodpressurecuffisprogressingrapidly,butthatdoesn’tmeantheyarereadyusedtomakediagnosticandtreatmentdecisions.(不用血壓計(jì)袖帶測(cè)量血壓的設(shè)備正在迅速發(fā)展，但這并不意味著它們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好用于診斷和治療決策。)”以及Avolio所說(shuō)“Theroadtoclinicalapplicationmaybesomedayinthenearfuture,butnotnow.(臨床應(yīng)用的道路可能在不久的將來(lái)的某一天，但不是現(xiàn)在。)”可知，接下來(lái)作者很有可能會(huì)介紹新一代無(wú)臂袖式血壓測(cè)量設(shè)備在醫(yī)療行業(yè)中使用的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。D（2024·全國(guó)·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）UnderamiddaysummersuninCalifornia’sSacramentoValley,ricefarmerPeterRystromwalksacrossadustyandbareplotofland,drysoilcrunching(碎裂)beneatheachstep.Inatypicalyear,he’dbewalkingacrossgreenricefieldsininchesofwater.Buttodaythesoilisdryandbakinginthe35℃heat.Ithasn’trainedfor4weeksinarow.“Climatechangeisexpectedtoworsenthestate’sextremeswingsinrainfall,”researchersreportedinNatureClimateChangein2018.LowwaterlevelsinrivershaveforcedfarmerslikeRystrom,whosefamilyhasbeengrowingriceonthislandforfourgenerations,toreducetheirwateruse.“Ifweloseourricecrops,wehavetodealwithseverefoodcrisis.Climatechangeisalreadythreateningrice-growingregionsaroundtheworld.Thisisnotafutureproblem.Thisishappeningnow,”saysplantgeneticistPamelaRonaldoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whoidentifiesgenesinricethathelptheplantstanduptodryness,disease,flood,etc.Tosaveandevenboostproduction,ricegrowers,engineersandresearchershaveturnedtowater-savingirrigation(灌溉)routines.Buildingcanalsystemsandreservoirs(水庫(kù))canhelpfarmersdampentheirfields.Butforsome,thesolutiontorice’sclimate-relatedproblemsliesinenhancingtheplantitself.Theyholdthatestablishingricegenebanksthatstorehundredsofthousandsofricevarietiesreadytobebredintonew,dryness-tolerantvarietiesismorepracticalandeffective.SolutionsmaybehiddenintheDNAofthoseolderbreeds.Threedecadeshavepassedsinceitsinitialdevelopment,andsomeresearchersarelookingbeyondthegeneticvariabilitypreservedinricegenebanks,searchinginsteadforusefulgenesfromotherspecies,includingplantsandbacteria.Butpickinggenesfromonespeciesandputtingthemintoanother,orgeneticrecombination,remainsdebatable.ThemostfamousexampleofgeneticallychangedriceisGoldenRice(GR).“Lookingahead,itwillbecrucialforcountriestoembraceGRrice.Butitwilltaketime,”saysIsmail,principalscientistatIRRI,32．WhatproblemdoesRystromhavetodealwith?A．Thirst. B．Drought. C．Hotsun. D．Dustyweather.33．WhatcanbeinferredfromPara.3?A．Downtrendofrice-growingareasisseverenow.B．Climatechangeisathreateningfactorinthefuture.C．Humanswillfacestarvationifcropfailurehappens.D．Foodcrisisisacommonoccurrencearoundtheworld.34．What’sthepurposeofsettingupgenebanks?A．Tostoreasmanyseedsaspossible. B．Tocultivateclimate-adaptedvarieties.C．Toimprovetheefficiencyofbreeding. D．Toshowthetechnologyofgenemapping.35．What’sIsmail’sopinionaboutGR?A．Favourable. B．Impractical. C．Disapproving. D．Insecure.【答案】32．B33．C34．B35．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了氣候變化已經(jīng)威脅到世界各地的水稻種植區(qū)，并討論了解決方案。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Buttodaythesoilisdryandbakinginthe35℃heat.Ithasn’trainedfor4weeksinarow.(但今天，土壤干燥，在35℃的高溫下炙烤。已經(jīng)連續(xù)四周沒(méi)下雨了)”等內(nèi)容和第二段中“LowwaterlevelsinrivershaveforcedfarmerslikeRystrom,whosefamilyhasbeengrowingriceonthislandforfourgenerations,toreducetheirwateruse.(河流的低水位迫使像Rystrom這樣的農(nóng)民減少用水量，他們的家庭已經(jīng)在這片土地上種植了四代水稻)”可知，Rystrom急需解決田地干旱的問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ifweloseourricecrops,wehavetodealwithseverefoodcrisis.(如果我們失去了水稻作物，我們就必須應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)重的糧食危機(jī))”可推知，如果農(nóng)作物歉收，人類(lèi)將面臨饑荒。故選C項(xiàng)。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyholdthatestablishingricegenebanksthatstorehundredsofthousandsofricevarietiesreadytobebredintonew,dryness-tolerantvarietiesismorepracticalandeffective.(他們認(rèn)為，建立水稻基因庫(kù)，儲(chǔ)存成千上萬(wàn)的水稻品種，準(zhǔn)備培育出新的耐旱品種，是更實(shí)際和有效的)”可推知，建立基因庫(kù)的目的是為了培育適應(yīng)氣候的品種。故選B項(xiàng)。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Ismail所說(shuō)“Lookingahead,itwillbecrucialforcountriestoembraceGRrice.(展望未來(lái)，各國(guó)接受轉(zhuǎn)基因大米將是至關(guān)重要的)”可推知，Ismail對(duì)GoldenRice是持贊成態(tài)度的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2023·全國(guó)·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Oneoftheeasiestandmostsatisfyingwaystoexpressyourcreativityisbydrawing.36Itcanalsohelpdistract(使分心)youfromnegativethoughts,clearyourmind,andprovideyouwithaconstructivewaytoreleaseemotion.Buthowtorelievestressbydrawing?◎37Contentdoesnotmatterasmuchastheideasyouassociatewithwhateveryouchoosetodraw.Ifyoufindmountainsortreesrelaxingtobearound,tryyourhandatdrawing.Otherlikelycandidatesinclude:pets,flowers,leaves,fruits,abuildingorplaceyouadmireorhavepositivememoriesin.◎Besomewherewithminimaldistractions.38Somewhereprivateisbest,asyourdrawingwillnotbedisturbedbythepresenceofothers,andyouwillbelesslikelytobeinterrupted.Drawingoutsidecanalsogiveyouinspirationandideasofthingstodraw.◎Releaseemotionontothesheetsofpaper.Withoutintendingtodrawanythinginparticular,simplyapplyyourdrawingtoablanksheetofpaper.Closeyoureyes.Focusonwhateveremotionsyou’refeelingandwouldliketogetridof.Onceyou’refocusedonemotion,allowittopassthroughyourarmandhandontothesheetofpaper.Allowyouremotion,notyourmind,togiveorderstothemovementofthepenorpencil.39◎Havesomefunwhendrawing.40Don’tworryaboutthefinalproductanddon’tjudgeyourartisticabilities.Loseyourselfintheexperienceofcreation!Sittingdowntodrawforjustafewminutescanmakeyougetaboostinenergyandmayevenfeelmoreopen-mindedfortherestoftheday.A．Letyourselfenjoytheprocess.B．Drawsomethingthatcomfortsyou.C．Justgatherthetoolsyouneedandstartdrawing.D．Further,drawingcancalmyoudowninmultipleways.E．Hangthedrawingupsomewhereitwillcatchyoureye.F．Switchoffyourphone,andavoidareaswithtelevisionsorcomputers.G．Whatevercomesoutonthepageissimplyanexpressionofyourfeelings.【答案】36．D37．B38．F39．G40．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹如何通過(guò)畫(huà)畫(huà)這種最簡(jiǎn)單且最令人滿(mǎn)意的方式來(lái)緩解壓力。36．根據(jù)上文“Oneoftheeasiestandmostsatisfyingwaystoexpressyourcreativityisbydrawing.(表達(dá)你的創(chuàng)造力的最簡(jiǎn)單和最令人滿(mǎn)意的方法之一就是畫(huà)畫(huà))”以及后文“Itcanalsohelpdistract(使分心)youfromnegativethoughts,clearyourmind,andprovideyouwithaconstructivewaytoreleaseemotion.(它還可以幫助你從消極