2023年中考英語熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀 中國(guó)歷史故事(二)

2023年中考英語新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀□中國(guó)歷史故事（二）

題型主要內(nèi)容

1完形填空介紹了匡衡鑿壁偷光的故事。

完形填空

2講述了班超出使鄱善國(guó)，帶領(lǐng)30多名士兵殺死了敵人并成功與鄱善國(guó)簽平等

條約的故事。

3閱讀理解講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事。

4閱讀理解講述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。

5短文選詞填空介紹了成語“拋磚引玉”的典故。

01

（2022?遼寧鞍山?中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。

TherearemanygreatstoriesinChinesehistory.Thisisoneofthemosteducationalstories.

KuangHengwasaveryfamouspersonintheWesternHanDynasty,andhewasbornina]

family.Helikedreadingverymuch.Heneededtoworkinthedaytime,sohehadtoreadbooksduringthe

night.Buthewastoopoortobuya2.

Oneday,hefoundhisneighborhadcandles,butthelightcouldn'tgo3thewall.After

thinkingforawhile,hehadanidea.He4asmallholeinthewallinhishousesothathecoulduse

thelightfromhisneighbor'shousetoreadbooks.Fromthatdayon,hereadbookseverynight5

thelightwentout.Aftersomedays,inhishousetherewerenobooksforhimtoread.Thenhewenttoarich

man'shouseandworkedforhimwithout6anymoney.Hearingthis,therichmanthoughtthat

KuangHengwas7butstillasked,uYoumeantyouwouldworkformeforfree.Butwhy?”Kuang

Hengreplied,"Well,Ionlywantto8yourbookstoread.Thafsenough.^^

Therichmanwasdeeplymovedandhe9.KuangHengreadthebooksintherichman'shouse

onebyone.10,hebecameagreatscholar（學(xué)者）.Ifyouarestillworriedaboutreadingbooks,ifs

necessaryforyoutolearnfromKuangHeng.

1.A.richB.smallC.poorD.big

2.A.candleB.houseC.bookD.match

3.A.byB.overC.acrossD.through

4.A.foundB.hungC.dugD.put

5.A.ifB.untilC.althoughD.after

6.A.askingforB.givingbackC.payingforD.layingout

7.A.simpleB.smartC.seriousD.stupid

8.A.lendB.borrowC.buyD.keep

9.A.advisedB.agreedC.achievedD.argued

10.A.SuddenlyB.CertainlyC.FinallyD.Unluckily

02

（2022年遼寧省沈陽市沈河區(qū)中考二模英語試題）DuringtheHandynasty,therewasageneral

namedBanChao.Oneday,hewassenttovisitShanshanstate（鄱善國(guó)）（nearmodemXinjiang）inthewestern

regions.

The11ofBan'stripwastoestablish（建立）goodrelationswiththestate.Hebroughtonly

about30soldiers12him.TheShanshankingreceivedthemkindlyandtreatedthemwell.

AtthattimetherewasanationcalledXiongnuorHuninthenorth.ItoftenfoughtagainstHan'sarmy.

AfewdaysafterBan'steamhad13Shanshan,Xiongnualsosentmessengers（使者）andagroup

ofsoldierstothestate.Theyspoke14ofBantothekingofShanshan.Thekingwasalmost

convinced（說月艮）bythem.Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（態(tài)度）towardsBan'sgroup.

WhenBansawthis,hecalledtogetherhissoldiersandsaidto15,“Nowweareinavery

dangeroussituation.TheShanshankingisnolongertreatingusina16manner（態(tài)度）.Ifwedon't

doanything,hemay17usovertotheHuns.Inthiscase,wewillneitherbeabletocompleteour

tasknorreturnalive.

“Whatshouldwedonow?”askedthesoldiers/'Wewillall18you!

Thegeneralsaid,t4TheHunshave19soldiersthanwedoandtheShanshankingislikelyto

supportthem.Ourtaskisasdifficultasstealinga20tigerfromagroupofadulttigers.Ifwedon't

venture（冒險(xiǎn)）intotheircave,howcanweachieveourgoal?Wehaveno21buttoattackandkill

allofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept.n

22,BanledhissoldierssecretlytotheHuns'camp.There,hesetfireandbeatthewardrums

loudly.TheHunsoldierswerevery23.Afterafiercebattle（激戰(zhàn)），Ban'sarmykilledmorethan

10024

Thenextday,BanmetwiththekingofShanshan.Thekingadmired（欽佩）Ban'sbravery25

hefearedBanatthesametime.Heimmediatelysignedapeacetreaty（條約）withBan.

11.A.experienceB.methodC.troubleD.purpose

12.A.behindB.withC.aboutD.under

13.A.arrivedinB.wentthroughC.walkedpastD.returnedfrom

14.A.badlyB.highlyC.warmlyD.coldly

15.A.usB.himC.youD.them

16.A.deadlyB.sillyC.friendlyD.lovely

17.A.handB.lookc.getD.think

18.A.listentoB.hearfromC.lookatD.makefriendswith

19.A.lessB.moreC.fewerD.weaker

20.A.silkB.babyC.paperD.crayon

21.A.chanceB.changeC.choiceD.challenge

22.A.InthemorningB.IntheafternoonC.AtnoonD.Atnight

23.A.relaxedB.excitedC.frightenedD.interested

24.A.enemiesB.horsesC.guestsD.teams

25.A.andB.butC.orD.so

03

(2022年重慶市第一中學(xué)校中考三模英語試題)IntheWarringStatesPeriod,thereweremany

shiningnamesintheriverofthehistory.LianPoandLinXiangruwereamongthem.Bothofthemwere

generalsoftheStateofZhao.Theybothcontributedalottotheircountry.LianPowasgoodatfighting

againstenemiesinthewarwhileLinXiangruwasstronginprovidingwisesuggestionsfortheking.

Oneday,LinXiangrutookalotoftroubletogetavaluablejade(H)backfbrtheking.Thentheking

highlypraisedhim.LianPofeltunhappyandsaid,'THmakeLinXiangrufeelashamedandfoolishthenext

timeImeetLinXiangruheardofthisfromothers.Inordernottocausetrouble,hetriedhisbestto

avoidmeetingLianPo.BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytrouble

betweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.Sohekeptsilent.

LaterwhenLianPorealizedhismistake,hewassoashamedthathewenttoLinXiangru'shomecarrying

bramblesonhisbackandaskedforpunishment.LinXiangruwelcomedhimwarmlyandconsideredhimas

hisbestfriend.

26.LianPoandLinXiangruwereboth.

A.kingsB.soldiersC.generalsD.enemies

27.AfterhearingwhatLianPosaidfromothers,LinXiangru.

A.saidsorrytoLianPoB.toldtheking

C.keptsilentD.visitedLianPo

28.Accordingtothepassage,itisTRUEthat.

A.thekingpreferredLianPotoLinXiangru

B.LianPodidn'trealizehismistakeatlast

C.LianPogotavaluablejadebackfortheking

D.LinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst

29.Whichpicturebestdescribesthestory?

04

（2022年江蘇省鹽城市濱?？h第一初級(jí)中學(xué)中考三模英語試題）DuringtheTangDynasty,

EmperorTaizongaskedtheprimeminister（宰相）FengDeyitorecommendtalentedpeople.However,

severalmonthspassed.Fengdidn'trecommendanyone.

“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualandwell-rounded（全面發(fā)展的）peopleatalL^^

Fengsaid."Peoplearelikeutensils（器物）.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirstrengths.

Youshouldblameyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalented

peopleinourera?,,saidtheemperor.

Indeed,eachutensilortoolhasaspecificfunction.Aknifeismadetocutthingswhilechopsticksarc

madetopickupfood.Wecan'tuseaknifeasachopstick.Likeautensil,eachpersonhasaparticularstrength.

Nobodyisperfect.Wecan'texpectapersontobegoodateverything.

Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.He

offeredthemimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalents.Histalentedpeople

helpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda"goldenage”.

AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperor

Taizongofferedhimapositionandpromoted（晉升）himmanytimes.Mahelpedtheemperordealwith

complicatedissuesandbecameawell-knownpersoninhistory.

Aslongasapersonistalentedinoneaspect,weshouldgivethemachance.Thesameideacanbefound

intheAnaletsofConfiicus（《論語》）.Treatingpeopleasutensilsshowsnotonlygoodleadership,buta

sincereandinclusiveattitude.

30.Whycouldn'tFengDeyifindanytalentedpeopleatfirst?

A.Therewerenotalentedpeoplethen.B.Hewasafraidofbeingreplaced.

C.Hetriedtofindwell-roundedpeople.D.Hewasdissatisfiedwiththeemperor.

31.MaZhouisagoodexampleofpeoplewho.

A.havenotalentbutarestillusefulB.areunusualandwell-rounded

C.knowwhentotakeachanceD.showtalentintherightfield

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Chancefavorsonlythepreparedmind.

B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

D.Talentedpeopleshouldbevaluedandledtotherightplace.

05

（2022?遼寧鞍山?三模）閱讀短文，選擇方框里的詞并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?，使短文意思完整，通順?/p>

（每詞只能用一次，有兩個(gè)單詞是多余的）

hear,polite,happy,if,visit,when,talent,write,during,they,use,sound

DuringtheTangDynastyinancientChina,therelivedamannamedZhaoGu.Hewroteverygood

poems.Evenfamouspoetsofhistimeenjoyedreading33.Atthattime,inaplacecalledWu,there

livedamannamedChangJian.Healsolikedtowritepoems.ChangJiangreatlyadmiredZhaoGu's

34andwantedtolearnfromhim.Oneday,ChangJian35thatZhaoGuwouldbetravelingto

Wu.HeknewthatZhaoGuwouldsurelyvisitLingYanTemple36histrip,becausethiswasavery

famousplace.SoChangJianwenttothetemplefirst.Therewasawallinthetemplefor37towrite

andsharetheirideas.ChangJian38twopoemlinesonthewall.

39ZhaoGusawthetwopoemlinesonthetemplewall,hecouldnothelpaddinganothertwo

lines.AndsoChangJianachievedhisgoal.Hesaid40,“Mypoemisabrick（石專）,andZhaoGu's

poemisjade（玉）.Ilaidabrick,andattracted（吸弓I）jade!”

Nowpeopleoften41theidiompaozhuanyinyuwhengivinganopinionoraspeech.Itisa（n）

42andmodest（謙虛的）waytoexpresstheirhopeinseeingothersoffersomethingbetter.

參考答案：

1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.C7.D8.B9.B10.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了匡衡鑿壁偷光的故事。

I.句意：匡衡是西漢一個(gè)很有名的人，他出生在一個(gè)貧窮的家庭。

rich富有的；small小的;poor窮的；big大的。根據(jù)“Buthewastoopoor”可知是貧窮的家庭,故選

Co

2.句意：但是他太窮了，買不起蠟燭。

candle蠟燭；house房子；book書；match比賽。根據(jù)下文“Oneday,hefoundhisneighborhadcandles,

可知是指蠟燭，故選A。

3.句意：有一天，他發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居有蠟燭，但光穿不過墻。

by通過；over在上面；across穿過；through通過。根據(jù)“bulthelightcouldn'tgo...thewall.“可知是指

光穿過墻,是從內(nèi)部穿過,應(yīng)用through,故選D。

4.句意：他在自己房子的墻上挖了一個(gè)小洞，這樣他就可以利用鄰居家的燈光看書了。

found找到；hung懸掛；dug挖；put放置。根據(jù)"asmallholeinthewall”可知是挖一個(gè)洞,故選

5.句意：從那天起，他每天晚上都讀書，直到熄燈。

if如果；until直到;although盡管；after以后。根據(jù)“hereadbookseverynight...thelightwentout,“可

知是指匡衡看書直到鄰居的燈熄滅，故選瓦

6,句意：然后，他去了一個(gè)富人的房子，為他工作，不需要給自己錢。

askingfbr要求；givingback歸還；payingfor支付；layingout布置。根據(jù)“Youmeantyouwouldwork

formefbrfree”可知匡衡為富人工作，不需要薪水，故選C。

7.句意：富人聽了，覺得匡衡太傻了。

simple簡(jiǎn)單的；smart聰明的；serious嚴(yán)肅的；stupid愚蠢的。結(jié)合生活實(shí)際可知，一個(gè)人工作卻不

要任何報(bào)酬，別人會(huì)覺得對(duì)方很傻，故選D。

8.句意：我只是想借你的書來看。

lend借出；borrow借入；buy買；keep保持。根據(jù)“Well,Ionlywantto...yourbookstoread”可知是指

匡衡要借書看，此處是指借入書，應(yīng)用borrow,故選B。

9.句意：富人被深深打動(dòng)了，他同意了。

advised建議；agreed同意；achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)；argued爭(zhēng)吵。根據(jù)"deeplymoved”可知富人被匡衡的話感

動(dòng)了，于是同意了匡衡的要求，故選B。

10.句意：最后，他成了一名偉大的學(xué)者。

Suddenly突然；Certainly當(dāng)然；Finally最終；Unluckily不幸地。根據(jù)"hebecameagreatscholar（學(xué)

者”'可知是指最終匡衡成為了一名偉大的學(xué)者，故選C。

11.D12.B13.A14.A15.D16.C17.A18.A19.B20.B21.C22.

D23.C24.A25.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了班超出使鄢善國(guó)，帶領(lǐng)30多名士兵殺死了敵人并成功與都善國(guó)簽平等條約

的故事。

11.句意：班超此行的目的是與都善國(guó)建立良好關(guān)系。

experience經(jīng)歷；method方法；trouble困擾；purpose目的。根據(jù)“The…ofBan'stripwastoestablish（建

AE）goodrelationswiththestate.”可知，介紹他此行的目的是與都善國(guó)建立良好關(guān)系，故選D。

12.句意：他只帶了大約30名士兵。

behind在...后面；with帶有；about關(guān)于；under在....下面。根據(jù)"Hebroughtonlyabout30soldiers...

him”可知，隨身攜帶了約30名士兵，故選B。

13.句意：班超的隊(duì)伍到達(dá)都善國(guó)幾天后，匈奴也派使者和一隊(duì)士兵到都善國(guó)。

arrivedin到達(dá)；wentthrough經(jīng)歷；walkedpast路過；returnedfrom.......回來。根據(jù)"Afbwdays

afterBan'steamhad…Shanshan”可知,此處指到達(dá)都善國(guó)，故選A。

14.句意：他們對(duì)割善國(guó)王說班超的壞話。

badly糟糕地；highly高地；warmly暖和地；coldly寒冷地。根據(jù)"Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（態(tài)

度）towardsBan'sgroup”可知，對(duì)國(guó)王說班超的壞話，最后國(guó)王對(duì)班超的隊(duì)伍表現(xiàn)出冷淡的態(tài)度，故

選A。

15.句意：班超看到后，召集士兵對(duì)他們說。

us我們；him他；you你；them他們。根據(jù)“hecalledtogetherhissoldiers”可知，此處是指對(duì)這些士兵

說，應(yīng)填them,故選D。

16.句意:都善國(guó)王對(duì)我們不再友好了。

deadly奪命;silly愚蠢的；friendly友好的；lovely可愛的。根據(jù)“Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（態(tài)

度）towardsBan'sgroup”可知，班超根據(jù)國(guó)王對(duì)他們的態(tài)度判斷，不會(huì)再對(duì)他們友好了，故選C。

17.句意：如果我們什么都不做，他可能會(huì)把我們交給匈奴人。

hand交給；look看;get得到；think認(rèn)為。根據(jù)“usovertotheHuns”可知，把我們交給匈奴,故選

Ao

18.句意：我們都聽你的。

listento聽；hearfrom聽說;lookat看;makefriendswith與...交朋友。根據(jù)"Whatshouldwedo

now”可知，士兵詢問班超的意見，都會(huì)聽從他的安排，故選A。

19.句意：匈奴的士兵比我們多，都善國(guó)王很可能會(huì)支持他們。

less較少的；more較多的；fbwer較少的;weaker更虛弱的。根據(jù)“TheHunshave…soldiersthanwe

doandtheShanshankingis1汰elytosupportthem”可知，匈奴的士兵更多，所以都善國(guó)王才會(huì)支持他

們，故選B。

20.句意：我們的任務(wù)就像從一群成年老虎那里偷一只小老虎一樣困難。

silk絲綢；baby嬰兒；paper紙；crayon蠟筆。根據(jù)"Ifwedon'tventure（冒險(xiǎn)）intotheircave,howcan

weachieveourgoal”可知，此處借用于“不入虎穴焉得虎子”這個(gè)道理來告訴士兵接下來的冒險(xiǎn)，故選

Bo

21.句意：我們別無選擇，只能趁匈奴人熟睡的時(shí)候，攻擊并殺死他們。

chance機(jī)會(huì)；change改變；choice選擇；challenge挑戰(zhàn)。havenochoicebuttodosth”除了做某事，另ij

無選擇“，故選C。

22.句意：晚上，班超帶著他的士兵秘密來到匈奴的營(yíng)地。

Inthemorning在早上；Intheafternoon在下午；Atnoon在中午；Atnight在晚上。根據(jù)"attackandkill

allofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept”可知，在晚上入睡的時(shí)候偷襲他們，故選D。

23.句意：匈奴兵非常害怕。

relaxed放松的；excited興奮的；frightened害怕的；interested感興趣的。根據(jù)“There,hesetfireand

beatthewardrumsloudly”可知，匈奴兵在晚上熟睡的時(shí)候聽到這些聲音感到很害怕，故選C。

24.句意：經(jīng)過激烈的戰(zhàn)斗，班超的軍隊(duì)殺死了100多名敵人。

enemies敵人；horses馬；guests客人；teams團(tuán)隊(duì)。根據(jù)"Afterafiercebattle（激戰(zhàn)），Ban'sarmykilled

morethan100”可知，殺死了100多名敵人，故選A。

25.句意：國(guó)王既欽佩班超的勇敢，又害怕他。

and和；but但是；or或者；so因此?！癮dmired（欽佩）Ban'sbravery"與"hefearedBanatthesametime”

是并列關(guān)系，故選A。

26.C27.C28.D29.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BothofthemweregeneraloftheStateofZhao.“可知，他們都是趙國(guó)的將軍。

故選C。

27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“S。hekeptsilent”可知，聽了別人的話，藺相如保持沉默。故選C。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytrouble

betweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.”可知，因?yàn)樘A相如把國(guó)家利益放

在第一位，所以他認(rèn)為自己和廉頗之間的任何麻煩都會(huì)被國(guó)家的敵人所利用。由此可知，前相如把

國(guó)家利益放在第一位。故選D。

29.推理判斷題。本文主要講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事，結(jié)合圖畫內(nèi)容可知，B圖最能

描述這個(gè)故事。故選B。

30.C31.D32.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。

30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusu