2024年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句2

狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句的定義：用來(lái)修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞等，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)的句子叫狀語(yǔ)從句。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較、方式條件狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句①常用引導(dǎo)詞：when，as,while,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until,bythetime,everytime等②時(shí)態(tài)一、when和while的用法區(qū)別when,while都有“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”的意思。1.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)既可以是時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可以是時(shí)間段。從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性動(dòng)詞(非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/終止性動(dòng)詞)，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可在其后發(fā)生。e.g.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothergothomelastnight.(gothome是短暫性動(dòng)作)TheycalledmewhenIwashavingdinner.(washavingdinner是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作)2.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)只能是時(shí)間段。從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而且也只能與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在。e.g.Whilehewasridingabike,acarhithimsuddenly.(wasriding是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作)3.when和while的區(qū)別還在于：while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。e.g.MymotherwascookingwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamebackhomeyesterdayevening.as的用法as從句表示一件事情正在發(fā)生，另一件事情也正在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。意為“一邊……，一邊……；隨著……”。as從句一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，當(dāng)as從句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，as可與while/when互換使用。e.g.Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened.IsawPeteras/when/whileIwaswaitingatthebusstop.三、when、while、as的注意事項(xiàng)四、before/after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句①before表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前，如果主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);如果主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。e.g.Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttobed.Beforetheydriveanyofthebuses,theywillhavetopassaspecialtest.②after表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。e.g.Isawthemafterlarrived.MothersometimespreparesdinnerafterIebackhomefromschool.till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句兩者都表示“直到……才”，主句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句和從句都用肯定式。主句用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句用肯定式，主句用否定式。until較till正式，until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首。e.g.Godowntheroadtillyoureachthetrafficlight.Untilhewasfifty,hedidn'tmarry.六、since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，表示“自從”e.g.IknowBillsincehewasborn.Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.句型:Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since從句e.g.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincethemuseumopenedtothepublic.七、assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生，既可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示過(guò)去，又可以表示將來(lái)。e.g.We'llgivehimaringassoonaswegetback.HetookouthisEnglishbookassoonashesatdown.條件狀語(yǔ)從句

①常用引導(dǎo)詞：if如果,unless(if...not)除非,aslongas只要,assoonas一...就,onconditionthat以...條件,incase(that)萬(wàn)一等②用法例句用法Ifitrains,wewillstopplaying.主將從現(xiàn)Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.主情從現(xiàn)Supposingitrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeeting?Bequietincaseyouwakethebaby.主祈從現(xiàn)Youcankeepmybookaslongasyoulike.AssoonasIsteppedinside,myglassedmistedover.Ifyouboilwater,itbeessteam.客觀事實(shí)③條件狀語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)化結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句①常用引導(dǎo)詞：so...that,sothat,such...that特殊引導(dǎo)詞：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethatso+adj./adv.原級(jí)that+從句如此...以至于such+n.+that+從句如此...以至于多多少少都用sosolittle/few/many/muchthatlittle意為“小”用such...that只有在修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，“such+a/an+形容詞”才能換為“so+形容詞+a/an+名詞”sothat以致，結(jié)果從句中通常不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Itwasverycoldsothattheriverfroze.目的狀語(yǔ)從句①常用引導(dǎo)詞：sothat，inorderthat，incase特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest，inthehopethat，forthepurposethat，forfear（that）1.sothat可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句和目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的從句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can，could，may，might，should，would）時(shí)，是目的狀語(yǔ)從句；如果沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，多是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句Wepaidhimimmediatelysothatheleftcontented.(結(jié)果)我們立即給他付了款，結(jié)果他滿意地走了。Wepaidhimimmediatelysothathewouldleavecontented.(目的)我們立即給他付了款，以便讓他滿意地離去。2.inorderthat+從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為inordertodosth.inorderthat可以用于句首，但sothat不可以。incase可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，“以免，以防”Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于“if”Incaseitrains，donotexpectme.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句①常用引導(dǎo)詞：though，although，evenif，eventhough特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as（要倒裝），nomatter...，inspiteofthefactthat，while，whatever，whoever，wherever，whenever，however，whichever1.though和although與but不能連用，但可以與yet連用，因?yàn)閥et既可作連詞，也可作副詞。2.evenif和eventhough意思基本相同，但evenif引導(dǎo)的從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性，而eventhough引導(dǎo)的從句是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件，也就是說(shuō)，說(shuō)話人肯定了從句的事實(shí)。Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.=Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.即使他很窮，但她還是愛(ài)他。Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.=Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.盡管他很窮，但她還是愛(ài)他。3.beit...or...=whether...or...“無(wú)論...還是...；不管...還是...”I’llbethere,beitrainyorsunny.=I’llbethere,whetheritisrainyorsunny.as,though引導(dǎo)的倒裝句①有表語(yǔ)時(shí)把表語(yǔ)提前。如果表語(yǔ)是名詞，名詞前不用冠詞，不管有無(wú)形容詞修飾。Youngas/thoughheis，hecanspeakthreelanguages.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.②沒(méi)有表語(yǔ)時(shí)，把狀語(yǔ)提前Fastasyouread，youcan’tfinishthebookintwo