題型精析17.讀后續(xù)寫之宏觀設計策略突破

17.讀后續(xù)寫之宏觀設計策略突破【題型總覽】【考情分析】課標解讀讀后續(xù)寫主要關注學生以下四個方面的能力:1.把握短文關鍵信息和語言特點的能力;2.語言運用的準確性和豐富性;3.對語篇結構的把控能力;4.創(chuàng)造性思維能力。類別文體主題語境話題2023新高考卷Ⅰ、Ⅱ故事類記敘文人與自我作者在老師的鼓勵下寫作成功2022新高考卷Ⅰ、Ⅱ故事類記敘文人與自我David戰(zhàn)勝自我,勇敢奔跑的故事2021新高考卷Ⅰ、Ⅱ故事類記敘文人與社會雙胞胎在母親節(jié)為媽媽準備驚喜早餐八省聯(lián)考故事類記敘文人與社會爸爸帶兒子去朋友家玩,結果迷路的故事【考向回顧】體裁特點主要考查敘事類文體。材料主要涉及考生的實際生活或考生關心的話題題型特點續(xù)寫要彰顯人性光輝,體現(xiàn)人與自然和諧相處。這樣的文章才更適合考查考生的邏輯思維、評判性思維和創(chuàng)新思維能力語篇特點主題語境命題圍繞人與自我、人與社會、人與自然三大主題,題材涉及故事類以及夾敘夾議類材料來源高考語篇一般選自各大主流英文報刊和媒體網(wǎng)站,語言地道,原汁原味提示特點所給出的段落開頭與上下文聯(lián)系緊密,對續(xù)寫故事的發(fā)展有提示、銜接、引導和一定程度的限制作用續(xù)寫特點讀寫并重,也就是要讀透所給材料,對本篇文章線索做到精確理解,這樣才能使續(xù)寫內容不偏離主題考查特點該題型通過讀寫結合,檢測考生的英語書面語言理解與表達能力。要求考生能夠梳理故事的結構、分析故事發(fā)展的線索、想象故事發(fā)展的情節(jié)以及續(xù)寫故事的發(fā)展和結局【題型精析】【真題示例】典例(2023·浙江高考·1月卷)Iwasinvitedtoacookoutonanoldfriend’sfarminwesternWashington.Iparkedmycaroutsidethefarmandwalkedpastamilkinghousewhichhadapparentlynotbeenusedinmanyyears.Anoiseatawindowcaughtmyattention,soIenteredit.Itwasahummingbird(蜂鳥),desperatelytryingtoescape.Shewascoveredinspiderwebs(蛛網(wǎng))andwasbarelyabletomoveherwings.SheceasedherstruggletheinstantIpickedherup.Withthebirdinmycuppedhand,Ilookedaroundtoseehowshehadgottenin.Thebrokenwindowglasswasthelikelyanswer.Istuffedapieceofclothintotheholeandtookheroutside,closingthedoorsecurelybehindme.WhenIopenedmyhand,thebirddidnotflyaway;shesatlookingatmewithherbrighteyes.Iremovedthestickyspiderwebsthatcoveredherheadandwings.Still,shemadenoattempttofly.Perhapsshehadbeenstrugglingagainstthewindowtoolongandwastootired?Ortoothirsty?AsIcarriedheruptheblackberrylinedpathtowardmycarwhereIkeptawaterbottle,shebegantomove.Istopped,andshesoontookwingbutdidnotimmediatelyflyaway.Hovering(懸停),sheapproachedwithinsixinchesofmyface.Foraverylongmoment,thistinycreaturelookedintomyeyes,turningherheadfromsidetoside.Thensheflewquicklyoutofsight.Duringthecookout,Itoldmyhostsaboutthehummingbirdincident.Theypromisedtofixthewindow.AsIwasdeparting,myfriendswalkedmetomycar.Iwasstandingbythecarwhenahummingbirdflewtothecenterofourgroupandbeganhovering.Sheturnedfrompersontopersonuntilshecametome.Sheagainlookeddirectlyintomyeyes,thenletoutasqueakingcallandwasgone.Foramoment,allwerespeechless.Thensomeonesaid,“Shemusthaveetosaygoodbye.”注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。Afewweekslater,Iwenttothefarmagain.

____________________________________________________________Iwasjustabouttoleavewhenthehummingbirdappeared.

____________________________________________________________【宏觀策略】考場答題突破必備第一步：讀懂故事情節(jié),把握情感線索,確定故事走向人物主角:作者與蜂鳥配角:東道主、朋友地點一個有破窗戶的擠奶房、我朋友的農場時間在野餐之前和野餐期間情節(jié)被朋友邀請去一個農場野餐→走過擠奶房時發(fā)現(xiàn)一只蜂鳥被蜘蛛網(wǎng)困住了→救了蜂鳥→放飛蜂鳥,蜂鳥不肯馬上飛走,盯著作者看后飛走→野餐中作者告訴朋友此事→野餐后朋友為作者送行→作者正要離開時,蜂鳥飛來再次盯著作者看,好像在說再見情感發(fā)現(xiàn)蜂鳥被困時的憐憫→幫助蜂鳥脫困時的友善與細心→蜂鳥沒有從作者手中飛走時的好奇與猜測→蜂鳥飛走前盯著作者看時的驚奇→與朋友分別時蜂鳥再次飛來盯著作者看時的喜悅第二步：研讀每段首句,結合已知內容,確定兩段情節(jié)根據(jù)弘揚正能量,結尾需要圓滿的原則,并依據(jù)情節(jié)走向,作者見到蜂鳥,結尾可寫蜂鳥戀戀不舍地飛走,并寫出此時作者感悟,以升華主題;第一段的尾句起承上啟下作用;根據(jù)第二段首句內容“我正要離開時,蜂鳥出現(xiàn)了?！笨芍?第一段結尾處可以描寫作者沒有見到蜂鳥時,作者對蜂鳥的擔心,然后準備離開擠奶房;根據(jù)第一段首句內容“幾周后,我又去了農場?！焙鸵呀?jīng)確定的該段尾句內容可知,第一段可以寫“經(jīng)過”擠奶房,想起自己所救的蜂鳥,作者于是就到擠奶房再去看一看,此時可描寫在那里的所見和所想,對蜂鳥現(xiàn)狀的擔心。根據(jù)第二段首句內容,此時第二段可寫蜂鳥向作者飛過來的動作和神態(tài),接著寫蜂鳥如何對作者的以及作者看到蜂鳥時愉悅的心情以及感悟。續(xù)寫線索:想起救蜂鳥的時候→回到那個房子→想到那只蜂鳥→看見蜂鳥→蜂鳥的表現(xiàn)→作者的感想第三步：優(yōu)化寫作語言,完善續(xù)寫邏輯,秀出出彩文章Afewweekslater,Iwenttothefarmagain.AsmycarapproacheditmythoughtsdriftedbacktothemomentwhenIrescuedthehummingbirdfromspiderwebs.HardlyhadIparkedmycarwhenIrushedbacktothedesertedhouse.Itwasagreatfortthattheoriginalholeinthewindowwasnowheretobefound.Leavingthehouse,Icouldn’thelpwonderinghowshewasgettingonnow.Hadshemanagedtofindherwaybackhome,orwasshestillouttheresomewherestrugglingtosurvive?Iwasjustabouttoleavewhenthehummingbirdappeared.Aflashofmovementcaughtmyattention.Iturnedaroundtoseethesamehummingbirdhoveringintheair.Itseemedthatthebirdwaswaitingforme,herbeadyeyeslockedonmineasiftryingtoconveysomedeep,unspokengratitude.Ifeltasurgeofreliefandaweatthesightofthissoundandgratefulcreature,andIknewthatIwouldalwayscherishthememorieswesharedasIclimbedintomycaranddroveaway.【題型精練】1.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。ItwasacoldwintermorningwhenLilywokeupfromherdeepsleep.Shestretchedherarmsandyawnedlazily,feelingasenseofemptinessdeepwithin.Asshelookedoutthewindow,shenoticedthattheoncelivelyandcolorfulgardenoutsidewasnowcoveredinablanketofsnow.Lilyhadalwaysbeenfascinatedbythebeautyofnature.Shelovedwatchingtheflowersbloominspring,feelingthewarmthofthesuninsummer,andappreciatingthegoldencolorsofautumn.Butnow,withwinter’sarrival,thereseemedtobeemptyinherheart.Determinedtobringbackthelostspiritofspring,Lilydecidedtotakemattersintoherownhands.Sheputonherwarmestcoat,wrappedascarfaroundherneck,andwentoutintothefrozenworld.Witheachstepshetook,sheimaginedthescentoffreshflowersfillingtheairandthesoundofbirdssinginghappily.Asshewalkedthroughthesnowcoveredgarden,asmallrayofsunlightbrokethroughtheclouds,castingasoftglowonthebarrenlandscape.Lily’seyeswidenedwithwonderasshecameacrossatinysprout(嫩芽)growingfromtheground.Itwasasignofhope,apromiseofnewlife.Eagertoraisethisfragilelittlelife,Lilycarefullydugasmallholeandgentlyplaceditinthesoil.Shewatereditwithtenderness,whisperingwordsofencouragement.Daysturnedintoweeks,andthesproutgrewintoayoungplant,itsleavesunfoldinggradually.Onemorning,asLilystoppedintothegarden,shewasgreetedbyabreathtakingsight.Theoncelifelessgardenwasnowbloomingwithrowsofcolorfulflowers.Theairwasfilledwiththesweetfragranceofnature,andthesoundofbuzzingbeesandsingingbirdscreatedasymphony(交響樂)ofjoy.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Oneday,theweathertookanunexpectedturn.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Throughthispainstakingprocess,Lilywitnessedherowngrowthandtransformation._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】

Oneday,theweathertookanunexpectedturn.Theskywascoveredwithdarkclouds,andaheavyrainwasontheway.Lilyknewthatsheshouldprotectthefragileflowersinthegarden.Shequicklygottowork,takingthetoolsandthewaterproofcoverfromhergarage.Despitebeingthinandtiny,sheusedallherstrengthtosetseveralpolesintotheareaaroundthegarden,putthecoverabovetheflowersandfixitontothepoles.Asthewindblew,Lilyworkeddiligently,regardlessoftheapproachingrain.Throughthispainstakingprocess,Lilywitnessedherowngrowthandtransformation.Shehadlearnedtopersevereinthefaceofadversityandtobelieveinthepowerofnature.Asspringarrived,thegardenbloomedwithcolor,andLily’sheartwasfilledwithjoy.Shebroughtlifebacktothegarden,andinturn,thegardengaveherexcitingrewards.Shelearnedthatwithpatienceanddedication,anythingwaspossible.AsLilysatinthegardenonawarmday,shesmiled,enjoyingthebeautyofnature.【寫作分析】本文是一篇記敘文，以人物為線索。Lily是一個非常熱愛大自然的女孩，但冬天的到來讓她的心里很空虛。她決心要把失去的春天帶回來，于是她走了出去。當她穿過白雪覆蓋的花園時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了白雪下覆蓋的一個綠芽。在她日復一日的精心照料下，綠芽長成了一株鮮嫩的植物，展開了葉子。一天早上，她突然發(fā)現(xiàn)花園里出現(xiàn)了五顏六色的花朵，充滿了生機。后來有一天天氣驟變，即將下大雨，她要保護這些嬌嫩的花朵，于是她努力給花園蓋上防水布。在這個過程中，她見證了自己的成長和蛻變，在春天里，她盡情享受著大自然的美麗?！窘馕觥?.續(xù)寫線索：①由續(xù)寫第一段首句“一天，天氣發(fā)生了意想不到的變化?！笨芍?，第一段可以描寫天氣的突變讓Lily知道有必要保護花園里的花朵，于是她憑借自己的努力把花朵遮蓋起來。②由續(xù)寫第二段首句“在這個艱辛的過程中，Lily見證了自己的成長和蛻變?！笨芍?，第二段可以描寫Lily在這次經(jīng)歷中的感悟，以及她后來欣賞到了花園中的自然之美。2.段落續(xù)寫：3.詞匯激活行為類①保護：protect/safeguard/safeguard②堅持：persevere/stickitout③欣賞：enjoy/appreciate情緒類①高興：joy/delight②令人興奮的：exciting/thrilling【高分句型1】Despitebeingthinandtiny,sheusedallherstrengthtosetseveralpolesintotheareaaroundthegarden,putthecoverabovetheflowersandfixitontothepoles.(使用了動名詞作賓語、不定式作目的狀語)【高分句型2】AsLilysatinthegardenonawarmday,shesmiled,enjoyingthebeautyofnature.(使用了As引導時間狀語從句、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)2.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。Everyfewyears,humpbackwhalesetothewaterareainSanLuisObispo,California,forafewdayswhilemigrating,whichattractshundredsofvisitorsandwhalelovers.InNovember2020,over20whaleswerearound,feedingonsilverfish.Eachoneishuge,about15metreslong.Atthattime,IlivednearbyandIwasalwayscrazyaboutwhalessoIinvitedmyfriendLizCottrieltogooutonashiptocheckthemoutthenextmorning.“Noway,”Lizhesitated.Shewasscaredofwhalesandsharks,andwasworriedthattheshipwouldoverturnwhilewewereinit.ButItoldhertherewasnothingtoworryaboutandweprobablywouldhaveanunforgettableexperience.Convinced,Lizjoinedmeandwesetoffat8:30thenextmorning.Forthefirsthalfhourwedidn’tseeanything.ThenIspottedtwopairsofwhales,swimmingtowardsusatfastspeed.Thoughitwasthefirsttimewehadseenthelargecreaturesatsuchaclosedistance,weintendednottoturnaroundimmediatelywemetthem.Instead,wechosetowaitfortheirapproaching.Oneofthewhalesbreached(躍出水面),thenwentdownandhitthewaterreallyhard,leavingwhatlookslikealayerofoilandalsolargewaves.Theboatstartedrockingwildly.Atthatmoment,werealizeditwastooclose.Allofasudden,alargegroupoffishstartedjumpingoutofthewaterintoourship.Theirmovementsoundedlikecrackingglassaroundus.Iwasterrified.ThenIfeltourshipliftedoutofthewater–abouttwometres,welaterlearned.Ifiguredthewhalewasgoingtodragusdownsomehow,andIhadnoideahowdeepwe’dbesuckedunderwater.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。Paragraph1:WhatIdidn’trealiseatthemomentwasthatLizandIwereinthewhale’smouth._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Itsuddenlystruckmethatwhaleshavehugemouthsbuttinythroats._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】

WhatIdidn’trealiseatthemomentwasthatLizandIwereinthewhale’smouth.Butsoonitwaspatheticthatwehadtofacetheterriblereality.Itthenengulfedmyentirebodyexceptformyrightarmandpaddle.Liz,meanwhile,waslookingupdirectlyintothewhale’sjaw–itwaslikeabigwhitewall.Shealmostbrokedownandstartedtoscreamhysterically.Istrainedeverynervetryingtoeupwithanidea—I’vegottogetup.I’vegottofightthis.I’vegottobreathe.However,inthefaceofimmensity,thewillpowerofasmallhumanwouldbenotworthmentioning.Thewhitewallkeptpressing,andwewereeventuallysubmergedunderwater.

Itsuddenlystruckmethatwhaleshavehugemouthsbuttinythroats.Anythingtheycan’tswallow,theyspitout.Atthoughtofthis,Ifeltaheavystoneslightlyliftedfrommyheartandrelievedlygainedasenseofsecurity.Asexpected,withaviolentsway,LizandIbothpoppedupoutofthewateraboutmetresapart.Thoughtheentireordeallastedonlyseconds,itfeltlikeaneternityforus.Whenwegotbacktoshore,wegaspedinatremblingandshockedvoice.“God,thatwasanarrowescape!”.There’snowaywearegettingthatclosetothewhalesagain.Peopleshouldrespectthenatureanddonotinvadethespaceofotherspecies.【寫作分析】本文以“看鯨魚”為線索展開，講述了作者說服朋友Liz和她一起去觀看鯨魚，結果離得太近被鯨魚攻擊，掉進了鯨魚嘴巴里。幸虧作者沉著應對，才最終脫險。【解析】1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內容“我當時沒有意識到的是，我和Liz其實正處于鯨魚的嘴里?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者和朋友在鯨魚嘴里的經(jīng)歷。②由第二段首句內容“我突然想到，鯨魚的嘴很大，但喉嚨很小。”可知，第二段可描寫作者他們如何得救以及感悟。2.續(xù)寫線索：說服朋友看鯨魚——被鯨魚攻擊——掉進鯨魚嘴里——恐懼萬分——鯨魚喉嚨小——脫險——感悟3.詞匯激活行為類①使某人想起：strike/hit②崩潰：breakdown/fallapart③想出：eupwith/thinkof情緒類①寬慰地：relievedly/withrelief②震驚的：shocked/stunned【高分句型1】Itsuddenlystruckmethatwhaleshavehugemouthsbuttinythroats.(運用了it作形式主語)【高分句型2】Thoughtheentireordeallastedonlyseconds,itfeltlikeaneternityforus.(運用了though引導的讓步狀語從句)3.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。TurtlesCrossingOnespringafternoon,Alexrodehisbikealongthecountryroadleadingtohishouse.Asheroundedabend,asigncameintohisview—Johnson’spond.Hisdadtookhimcanoeing(皮劃艇)theresometimes.Alexlovedit.Nowitwasspringtimeandthepondwasalwayssoalive.There,hecouldfindfrogscroaking,dragonflieshuntingandturtlesbasking(曬太陽)onsunnyrocks.Alexwascuriousabouttheturtleshesaw.Daysearlier,hehadgonetothelibrarytocheckoutbooksonturtles.Alexlearnedthatturtlesdon’thavewarmbloodlikepeopledo.That’swhytheyhavetositinthesuntowarmthemselves.Healsolearnedthatinspringturtleslayeggsonthelandawayfromthewater.Nowitlookedliketomorrowmightbeanothersunnyday.HedecidedhewouldaskDadiftheycouldgocanoeingandlookforturtlesagain.JustthenAlexsawsomethingintheroadupahead.Itlookedlikeabiggrayrock.Butitwasafunnyplaceforarocktobe.AsAlexwatched,therockstartedtomove.Whenherodehisbikeuptogetacloserlook,hesawthatitwasn’tarockatall.Itwasalargeturtlecreeping(爬)itswayacrosstheroad.Ithadabony,beakshapedmouthandalong,jaggedtail.Alexsuddenlyrealizedwhatshewasgoingtodo.Healsoknewnottogettooclose.Hehadreadthataturtlehasapowerfulbiteeventhoughitdoesn’thaveteeth.Itcouldevenbiteoffsomeone’sfinger.Hestoodatadistanceandwatched.Outofthecornerofhiseye,hesawacarapproaching.Theturtlewasstillonlyhalfwayacrosstheroad.Alexknewhecouldn’tpickituptomoveitsafelytothegrass.Whatcouldhedo?Thinkingfast,hestartedjumpingupanddownandwavingbothhandswildly.”Stop!Stop!“hecried.Thecarslowedtoastop,andthedriverstuckherheadoutofthewindow.Itwashisneighbor,Mrs.Ramos.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。”Areyoualright,Alex?“askedMrs.Ramos.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SuddenlyAlexgotanideahowtoprotectthemfromcardanger._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________