2024屆福建省廈門市高三下學(xué)期三模英語試題

保密★啟用前準(zhǔn)考證號__________姓名__________（在此卷上答題無效）廈門市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班第三次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題2024.4本試卷共12頁，考試時間120分鐘，總分150分。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heishomesick. B.Hewillgohomebyplane. C.Heisexpectingtheholidays.2.Whendidthewomanbegintosneeze?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnMondayafternoon. C.OnMondaynight.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atavegetableshop. B.Attheman'shouse. C.Atarestaurant.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aperformance. B.Aninvestment. C.Afilm.5.Whatproblemdoesthemanencounter?A.Atimeconflict. B.Atroublesomeaccountant. C.Anundecidedmarketingplan.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Returnhomeontime. B.Invitehisfriendsover. C.Cleanupthehouse.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Momandson. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Asuit. B.Ashirt. C.Atie.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesecondpieceofclothing?A.Itistight. B.Itisinformal. C.Itispricey.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydidthemanstopwatchingtheprogramlastnight?A.Itwasairedtoolate. B.Itlastedtoolong. C.Itwasfullofads.11.Whataretheradiocommercialsdoing?A.Issuingcashcards. B.Buyingproducts. C.Runningaseriesofads.12.Whatdothespeakersthinkofrecentadvertisingtrend?A.Striking. B.Disturbing. C.Astonishing.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whattourdoesthemandecidetotaketoday?A.Athree-hourtour. B.Ahalf-daytour. C.Aone-daytour.14.Whattimeisitnow?A.10:00a.m. B.10:30a.m. C.11:00a.m.15.Whichplacewillthemanvisittomorrow?A.BuckinghamPalace. B.WestminsterAbbey. C.WindsorCastle.16.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?A.￡15. B.￡90. C.￡105.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmanypartsdoesthespeaker'sdivingtrainingconsistof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.18.Whatdidthespeaker'smotherdowellin?A.Academicstuff. B.Practicalskills. C.Classroomwork.19.Whathappenedtothespeakerduringthediving?A.Shegotherearsblockedup.B.Sheenjoyedthefreezingwater.C.Shewentunderthewatersmoothly.20.Howdidthespeakerfeelaboutfinishingthedivingtraining?A.Proud. B.Lucky. C.Confident.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ALosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight.LosAngelesBikeAcademyLosAngelesBikeAcademyisabikeshopwithacriticalmission:Provideresourcesandcommunityforlocalunderservedyouth.ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike.LABAalsoformscompetitivecyclingteamsthatraceallaroundthecountry.TheCubHouseIt'sabikeshop,aplantstoreandaniceplacetowanderthrough.Ithassomethingforeveryone.Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage（老式的）cyclingclotheshungonthewalls.Finally,makesuretoswingbytheCubHousefortheL.A.Invitational,aweekendpartyfeaturingmultiplebikeridesandavintagecarandbikeshowoutsidethestore.Frank'sSomeofthewildestbikesinL.A.arerollingoutofFrank's.ThehousespecialtyhereisBMX,specificallyluxurymodelswithlarge29-inchwheels.Thesebikesareasmuchfuntolookatastheyaretoride.Since1992,Frank'shasfoundabusinessopportunityforitselfasadestinationforBMXbuildsandhard-to-findparts.Thedisplaycounterhasenoughattractionstomatchajewelrystore.TheBicycleStandThisspaciousstorefeaturesclassicvintagebikes.It'sworthmakingatriptothisstorejusttoseetheiramazingcollection.Thestorealsospecializesinvintagebikerepaintingandrestorations.Besides,theBicycleStandteamworksonallkindsofrides,andtheshophasavarietyofrefurbished（翻新的），ready-to-ridebikesforsale.21.WhatisspecialaboutLosAngelesBikeAcademy?A.Itaimsatrepairinglocalbikes.B.Itholdsnationalcyclingcompetitions.C.Itservesasacommunityfordisabledyouth. D.Itoffersaprogramforstudentstoearnabike.22.Whichbikeshopfavorsping-ponglovers?A.LosAngelesBikeAcademy. B.TheCubHouse.C.Frank's. D.TheBicycleStand.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todiscussbenefitsofriding. B.Toexplainhowbikeshopswork.C.TopromotebikeshopsinL.A. D.Tointroducearidingorganization.BKelliBoehlesayshersonNikwasanamazingandcaringperson.Nikwasdiagnosed（診斷）withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hepassedawayin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted（給予）awishexperiencefromtheMake-A-WishFoundation."Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,"KelliBoehlesaid."Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether."In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNiklearnedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo."Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,"shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient."It'smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,"KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits."Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,"shesaid."AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat."Inthe11yearssinceNikpassedaway,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.24.WhatisthegoalofNik'sWish?A.Tomakecommercialprofits. B.Tocuretheyouthoftheircancer.C.Toeaseyoungpatientsofpains. D.Tosupportyoungadultsfightingcancer.25.WhichwordbestdescribesKelliBoehle?A.Intelligent. B.Selfless. C.Straightforward. D.Ambitious.26.WhatcanwelearnfromJordanMorrow'swords?A.Shesurvivedthedeadlydisease. B.Shewasgrantedmorethanonewish.C.Shewasmotivatedbytheorganization. D.Sheliftedpeople'sspiritsbyperforming.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Pay-It-Forward:AMother'sLastWishB.CancerBattles:StoriesofHopeandPerseveranceC.Nik'sWish:FulfillingWishesforYoungCancerFightersD.Make-A-WishFoundation:GrantingDreamstoYoungAdultsCUrbanagriculture,thepracticeoffarmingwithintherestrictionsofacity,isbecomingincreasinglypopularandisviewedasasustainablealternativetobigindustrialfarms.Bysomeestimates,between20%and30%oftheglobalurbanpopulationengagesinsomeformofurbanagriculture.Butuntilrecently,itscarbonfootprintremainsunderstudied.Usingdatafrom73low-techcityfarms,communitygardensandpersonalplotsofland,Newellandhisteamcomparedtheaveragecarbonemissionsoffoodproducedatlow-techurbanagriculturesitestothoseofconventionallygrowncrops.Theteamfoundthatbecauseofurbangardens'relativelylowyields,alongwiththeenergyusedinconstructingtheplantingbeds,big-cityspuds（馬鈴薯）weresignificantlymorecarbon-intensivethancommerciallygrownones.Thisheldtrueevenwhentheresearchersfactoredinemissionsfromtransportingcommerciallygrownproducetooftendistantgrocerystores.Thatdoesn'tmeanthatgrowingvegetablesinbigcitiesistotallybad,however."Urbanfarmingisgreat,"ifimperfect,saysCarolaGrebitus,afoodchoiceexpert.Itcanbeapowerfultoolforjobcreationandeducation,shesays,andagoodwaytointroducefreshproducetourban"fooddeserts"wherehealthyfruitsandvegetablesarehardtocomeby.Communitygardenscanalsoprovideaplacetoconnectwithnature,andtheaddedgreenspacecanreducetherisksofheatandflooding.Consciousofthesebenefits,Newell'steamhighlightedseveralwaystomakeurbanagriculturemoresustainable.Oneoptionistobeselectiveaboutwhatcropsaregrown.Forinstance,tomatoesgrowninthesoilofopen-airurbanplotshadalowercarbonintensitythantomatoesgrowninconventionalgreenhouses.Anotherstrategyistorelyonexistingconstructions.Includeoldstructuresintoanewgarden'sdesigninsteadoftakingdownoldbuildings.Finally,takethelocalclimate,waterqualityandsoilintoaccount.Growingplantsthatareill-suitedtoanarearequiresmorewater,energyandpesticides（殺蟲劑），allofwhichaffecttheenvironment.28.Whatcanweknowabouturbanagriculturefromparagraph1?A.Itisthoroughlyresearched. B.Itiswelcomedbycitypeople.C.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly. D.Itislimitedtoindustrialfarms.29.Howdoestheauthorexplainthereasonforurbanagriculture'shighercarbonintensity?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bytellingastory.C.Bygivingadefinition. D.Byusingaquote.30.AccordingtoCarola,whatisabenefitofurbanagriculture?A.Itaddsvarietytourbanpeople'sdiet. B.Itprovidesrecreationalopportunities.C.Itstrengthensthebondsofcommunity. D.Ithelpstocontaindroughtandflooding.31.Whatisrecommendedtomakeurbanagriculturemoresustainable?A.Reconstructinggardens. B.Developinggreenhousecrops.C.Selectingpesticide-freevegetables. D.Growingplantssuitedtolocalconditions.DOurspecies'incrediblecapacitytoquicklyacquirewordsfrom300byage2toover1,000byage4isn'tfullyunderstood.Somecognitivescientistsandlinguistshavetheorizedthatpeoplearebornwithbuilt-inexpectationsandlogicalconstraints（約束）thatmakethispossible.Now,however,machine-learningresearchisshowingthatpreprogrammedassumptionsaren'tnecessarytoswiftlypickupwordmeaningsfromminimaldata.Ateamofscientistshassuccessfullytrainedabasicartificialintelligencemodeltomatchimagestowordsusingjust61hoursofnaturalisticfootage（鏡頭）andsound-previouslycollectedfromachildnamedSamin2013and2014.Althoughit'sasmallsliceofachild'slife,itwasapparentlyenoughtoprompttheAItofigureoutwhatcertainwordsmean.Thefindingssuggestthatlanguageacquisitioncouldbesimplerthanpreviouslythought.Maybechildren"don'tneedacustom-built,high-classlanguage-specificmechanism"toefficientlygraspwordmeanings,saysJessicaSullivan,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatSkidmoreCollege."Thisisareallybeautifulstudy,"shesays,becauseitoffersevidencethatsimpleinformationfromachild'sworldviewisrichenoughtokick-startpatternrecognitionandwordcomprehension.Thenewstudyalsodemonstratesthatit'spossibleformachinestolearnsimilarlytothewaythathumansdo.Largelanguagemodelsaretrainedonenormousamountsofdatathatcanincludebillionsandsometimestrillionsofwordcombinations.Humansgetbyonordersofmagnitudelessinformation,saysthepaper'sleadauthorWaiKeenVong.Withtherighttypeofdata,thatgapbetweenmachineandhumanlearningcouldnarrowdramatically.Yetadditionalstudyisnecessaryincertainaspectsofthenewresearch.Forone,thescientistsacknowledgethattheirfindingsdon'tprovehowchildrenacquirewords.Moreover,thestudyonlyfocusedonrecognizingthewordsforphysicalobjects.Still,it'sasteptowardadeeperunderstandingofourownmind,whichcanultimatelyhelpusimprovehumaneducation,saysEvaPortelance,acomputationallinguisticsresearcher.ShenotesthatAIresearchcanalsobringclaritytolong-unansweredquestionsaboutourselves."Wecanusethesemodelsinagoodway,tobenefitscienceandsociety,"Portelanceadds.32.Whatisasignificantfindingofmachine-learningresearch?A.Vocabularyincreasesgraduallywithage.B.Vocabularycanbeacquiredfromminimaldata.C.Languageacquisitionistiedtobuilt-inexpectations.D.Languageacquisitionisascomplexasformerlyassumed.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prompt"inparagraph2mean?A.Facilitate. B.Persuade. C.Advise. D.Expect.34.Whatisdiscussedaboutthenewresearchinparagraph5?A.Itslimitations. B.Itsstrengths. C.Itsuniqueness. D.Itsprocess.35.WhatisEvaPortelance'sattitudetotheAIresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious. C.Dismissive. D.Positive.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Aroundtheglobe,about1in4adultssaysthey'relonely.Andtheconsequencesoflong-termsocialdisconnectioncanbeeverythingfromanincreasedriskofheartattackstodementia（癡呆）.Thefollowingoffersaroadmaptomakeconnections.Becurious.It'seasiertoconnectwithpeopleifyouhavesharedinterestsorexperiences,sostartpayingattentiontowhat'sinyourmind.Whatmotivatesyou?Whatexcitesyou?36Ifyouknowwhat'smeaningfulorfunforyou,itmayleadyoutoanactivitythatconnectsyoutoothers.Makesomething.Whenexpertsadvisemakingsomething,peoplewillsay,"Well,I'mnotPicasso.Idon'tknowhowtodoafancypainting."Ofcourse,you'renot!37Youcantryyourgrandma'spierecipeorplantanherbgardenthatputsyourthoughtsandfeelingsaboutwhoyouareandexpressthosethoughtsandfeelingstoothers.38Sharesomethingaboutyourself.Itdoesn'thavetobethedarkestsecretofyourlife,butjustsomethingotherpeoplemightfindinteresting.Puttingyourselfoutthererequiresabitofarisk,andit'sthefirststeptorealconnection.Findagroupthatmatchesyourinterests.Whetherit'svolunteeringforacauseorplayingfrisbee（飛盤），trytofindotherswhoshareyourinterests.There'sevenanonlinegroupthathasaquirkysharedinterest:afascinationwithbrownbearsinAlaska,whichledtoFatBearWeek.Ininteractionswithothers,youcanbegintorevealyourselfandsharetheuniquethingsthatmattertoyou.39Otherpeople'slonelinessmatterstoo.40Iflonelinessgounaddressed,peoplecanendupinaworldofhurt.Ifyouseesomeoneexperiencingloneliness,askthemhowthey'redoing.Shareyourownexperienceoflonelinessandhowyougetridofit.Thus,helpingotherscanalsobenefityourself.A.Pouroutyourhardfeelings.B.Lonelinesscanbeinfectious.C.Takeariskbyhavingconversations.D.Youshouldtoleratetheriskofbeinglonely.E.Buttheopportunitiesforcreativeexpressionareendless.F.Knowingyourselfcanbeafirststeptobondingwithothers.G.Then,otherpeoplerecognizethatandsharetheirstoryinreturn.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Asawriter,Imissrejectionslips.NotthatIenjoyedreceivingthosepre-printedslipsofpaper,butatleastwhenIgotone,Iwasprettysurethataflesh-and-blood41hadputitintheenvelope.AndtherewasalwaysthechanceImightseeahandwrittensentenceonthebottom,42thepiecealmostmadeit.WhenaneditoratMcCall'swrote,"I'mafraidIhavetosaynoonthis43piece,buttrymeagainonanother,wouldyou?"itwasalmostas44tomeasifshehadsaid,"We'll45itandhereisanadvanceforyou".Nowadays,rejectionslipsseemtohavedisappearedwiththeuseofonlinesubmissions.Mosteditorsdon'tfeelitamustto46theyhavereceived,read,orconsideredyourworkbecausetheyreceivesomany47eachday.Forme,therearethree48ofrejectionslippain.Thefirstis49broughtonbyfindingaflat"no"ona50pieceofpaper,thenfollowedbyanger（howcouldthey51apiecethatisobviouslysomuch52thanmostofthestufftheyprint）,and,finally,rebirth:Iwillliveto53anewpieceanotherday.Learningto54rejectionseemslikepartofgrowingupasawriter.DespitethemanylettersofacceptanceIhavereceived,myfolderof"NoteworthyRejectionSlips"isfar55thanthatof"NoteworthyAcceptances",whichindicatestomethefact:Istillhavesomegrowinguptodo.41. A.writer B.reader C.mailman D.editor42. A.demanding B.indicating C.suspecting D.arguing43. A.boring B.novel C.lengthy D.particular44. A.thrilling B.upsetting C.embarrassing D.amusing45. A.buy B.reject C.check D.substitute46. A.prove B.determine C.explain D.acknowledge47. A.proposals B.drafts C.contributions D.instructions48. A.meanings B.stages C.wonders D.rewards49. A.relief B.frustration C.anger D.hesitation50. A.valueless B.expensive C.characterless D.shiny51. A.makeup B.putaway C.turndown D.insiston52. A.easier B.better C.shorter D.longer53. A.print B.revise C.download D.submit54. A.accept B.criticize C.judge D.evaluate55. A.thinner B.fatter C.older D.newer第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Stampcollectinghasrecentlyemergedasafreshandinnovativeapproachforyoungpeopletodocumenttheirtravels.Insteadof56（mere）takingphotoswithfamouslandmarks,57（enthusiast）ofthisnewtrendeagerlyexploreeverycornerofvariousattractions,museums,andshopsduringtheirjourneysinsearch58variousstamps.Theyimprintthestamps,usuallywithsingleormulticoloredpicturesofthescenicspotsorimagesoffamouspeopleonpostcardsorintraveljournals,thus59（create）auniquememoryoftheirtravels.Freeorpaid,eachstampservesasarepresentationofthevisitor's60（present）atthatspecificlocation,becominga61（cherish）partoftheirmemories.ShiJunchu,29,fromYunnanprovince,cameacrossstampcollectingthreeyearsagowhiletravelinginWuhan,Hubeiprovince.Shefoundittobeabetterwayofcommemoratinghertravels62purchasingsouvenirs（紀(jì)念品），soshecarriesaspeciallypreparednotebookforcollectingstampswhenevershetravels."Stampcollectinghasaddedmoremeaningtomytravels.Turningthepagesofthosenotebooks63（feel）somewhatlikelookingatphotos.Icanrecall64happenedbackthenjustbyturningtoapagethedeliciousfoodIhad,andthefunexperiencesIenjoyed,shesaid.ShecurrentlyoperatesaprivatemuseuminKunming.SincelastOctober,shehasalsointroducedstamp-collectingservices65（encou