山東省2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月百校聯(lián)考英語 含解析

山東省高三十月百校聯(lián)考

英語試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題海小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?

A.Helptheman.B.Takeabus.C.Getacamera.

2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Nurseandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.

3.Whattimeisitnow?

A.10:12.B.10:20.C.10:32.

4.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?

A.Abook.B.Afilm.C.Anactor.

5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthedormitory.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wherewillthewomango?

A.Totheschool.B.Toheroffice.C.Totheairport.

7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Takecareofababy.B.Meetherboss.C.Lookforsometoys.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?

A.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.

B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.

C.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.

9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?

A.Takeabooktoherfriend.

B.Helpherwithherstudy.

C.Teachageographylesson.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.HowdoesJoannafeel?

A.Happy.B.Tired.C.Anxious.

11.WhydoesJoannawanttomakebreakfast?

A.Topractisecooking.

B.Topaybackhermum.

C.Tolookafterhersickmum.

12.WhatcanweknowaboutJoanna?

A.Shehasgotmarried.

B.Shecangetupearlyeveryday.

C.Shelovesherfathermorethanhermother.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatistheman?

A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Ahost.

14.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Howtospendmoney.

B.Howtosavemoney.

C.Howtobeagoodhousewife.

15.Wheredoesthewomanlikeshopping?

A.Inoutdoormarkets.B.Insupermarkets.C.Indepartmentstores.

16.Whatdoesthewomanhighlyrecommend?

A.Fixingthingsbyourselves.

B.Hiringsomeonetorepairthings

C.Askingfriendstohelpwiththerepairs.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whichschoolistheuniversitymostfamousfor?

A.SocialScience.B.Law.C.Medicine

18.Whowillsaysomethingmoreaboutthecourses?

A.Thevisitors.B.Thereceptionists.C.Thelecturers.

19.Whatisrequiredfordegreecourses?

A.Onegroupdiscussion.B.Alongessay.C.Informallectures.

20.Whoisthespeechmostprobablyintendedfor?

A.Studentsathighschool.

B.Teachersathighschool.

C.Teachersatuniversity.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Whenitcomestobreakfastfoodsaroundtheworld,therearemanywaystoenjoythefirstmealoftheday.

Learnaboutthedeliciousdiversityofourworld'sbreakfastcultures.Maybeyou'llevenfindsomeinspirationfor

yournextbreakfast.

Switzerland

Onweekdays,SwissfrequentlysticktoquickbutfillingbreakfastssuchasthetraditionalBircherMuesli,the

mixtureofoats（燕麥）withfruitandnutsthat'susuallyservedoverthickyoghurt.Butonweekends,it'stimefor

Swissbrunch（早午餐）.Alongwithpotatopancakes,cheesesandcoldcuts,thecenterpieceofthebrunchtableis

Zopf.Thiseggbreadissimilartochallahorbrioche,andservedwithhoney,butterandjam.

Japan

MuchofwhatyoucaneatfbrbreakfastinJapanwouldn'tbeoutofplaceatanyothermealoftheday.Many

morningdietsconsistofaselectionofsmallplates,eachwithafewbitesofatraditionalJapanesedish,Fish,soup,

vegetablesandriceareallrepresented.

Australia

Withafocusonfreshproduce,wholegrainsandnourishingcombinations,Australianbreakfastscanrange

fromtheclassicavocado（牛油果）toastonseededbreadtoricepuddingwithyoghurt,seedsandberries.

Germany

Inthelandofmanysausages,it'snotsurprisingthatsausagesandothermeatstakeastarringroleinthe

traditionalGermanbreakfast.Thisbuffetspreadisfilledwithvariety:sausages,coldcuts,cheeses,breadandrolls

aswellasfreshfruitandsoft-boiledeggs.Theabundantchoicesaremeantforsamplingandassemblingasyou

please.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSwiss?

A.Theyareusedtoeatingbrunchonworkdays.

B.Theyavoideatingbreadwithhoneyandbutter.

C.Theylikeeatingthickyoghurtwithoatsforsupper.

D.Theyeatamealinsteadofbreakfastandlunchonweekends.

2.WhatisafeatureofthebreakfastinAustralia?

A.Fatty.B.Small.C.Fresh.D.Rare.

3.Whohavemostsausagesinbreakfast?

A.Swiss.B.Japanese.C.Australians.D.Germans.

【答案】l.D2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)國(guó)家的早餐。

（1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butonweekends,ifstimeforSwissbrunch（早午餐）.Alongwithpotatopancakes,

cheesesandcoldcuts,thecenterpieceofIhebrunchtableisZopf.Thiseggbreadissimilartochallahorbrioche,

andservedwithhoney,butterandjam.（但在周末，該吃瑞士早午餐了。除了土豆薄餅、奶酪和冷切，早午

餐桌的核心是佐夫。這種蛋面包類似于奶油蛋卷或奶油蛋卷，與蜂蜜、黃油和果醬一起食用）”可知，在

周末，瑞士人習(xí)慣吃早午餐，即他們把早餐和午餐并作一餐吃。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Wilhafocusonfreshproduce,wholegrainsandnourishingcombinations,

Australianbreakfastscanrangefromtheclassicavocado（牛油果）toastonseededbreadtoricepuddingwith

yoghurt,seedsandberries.（澳大利亞早餐側(cè)重于新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、全谷物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)組合，從傳統(tǒng)的帶籽面包的鱷

梨吐司到含有酸奶、種子和漿果的米飯布丁，應(yīng)有盡有）”可知，澳大利亞早餐的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是新鮮。故選

C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisbuffetspreadisfilledwithvariety:sausages,coldcuts,cheeses,breadand

rollsaswellasfreshfruitandsoft-boiledeggs.Theabundantchoicesaremeantforsamplingandassemblingas

youplease.（自助餐套餐種類繁多：香腸、冷盤、奶酪、面包和面包卷，以及新鮮水果和軟煮蛋。豐富的

選擇意味著你可以隨意取樣和組裝）”可知，德國(guó)人早餐吃的香腸最多。故選D項(xiàng)。

B

Inaworldwheremanyofusgiveallourattentiontosmartphones,DulcieCowlingisdifferent.Shehasgot

ridofhers.This36-year-oldwomandecided,latelastyear,togiveuphersmartphonetoimprovehermental

health.AtChristmas,shetoldherfamilyandfriendsthatshewasgoingtochangehersmartphoneforanoldcell

phone,withwhichshecouldonlymakeandreceivecallsandtextmessages.

Sheremembersthatoneofthecrucialmomentsthatledhertomakesuchadecisionwasadayinthepark

withher2children,aged6and3."Iwasintheparkwiththechildren,staringatthemobilephone.WhenIlooked

up,alloftheparents-upto20-werelookingattheirphones,continuallyswipingacrossthescreen,shesays.

“Iwonderwhenthishappenedtous.Wearemissingreal

Roughly,9outof10peopleintheUKownsmartphones.Andpeopleareaddictedtothem.Arecentstudy

foundthattheaveragepersonspends4.8hoursadayontheirphones.However,forasmallbutgrowingnumber

ofpeople,enoughisenough.Inotherwords,theyshouldn'tspendmoretimeonthephones.

AlexDunedinthrewhissmartphoneintherubbishbag2yearsago."Culturally,wehavebecomeaddictedto

thesetools,saysthiseducationalresearcherandtechnologyexpert.utTheyareweakeningcognition（認(rèn)知）and

impedingproductivity.^^Dunedinsaysanotherreasonbehindhisdecisionwasenvironmentalconcerns.fc€Weare

wastinglargeamountsofenergyandproducinglargeamountsofCO2emissions.^^

Hehasbeenhappierandmoreproductivesincehestoppedusinghissmartphone.Hehasnotreplaceditwith

anoldcellphoneanddoesnotevenhavealandline.Hecanonlybecontactedthroughemailsthatarriveonhis

homecomputer.Anotherresearcher,Burkesaysitwillbehelpfulifmorepeoplekeepaneyeonhowmuchtime

theyspendontheirsmartphones.''Beginningtorealizeexactlyhowmuchtimetheywasteeachdayontheir

phonescanbeapowerfulwake-upcallandcatalyst（弓|發(fā)變化的因素）forchange.,,Healsorecommendsstaring

byturningoffyourphoneorleavingitathomeforashorttime.

4.WhydidDulcieCowlinggiveuphersmartphone?

A.Toreduceherdailycosts.B.Tospendmoretimeonherwork.

C.Tosetanexampletoherchildren.D.Tomakehermorementallyhealthy.

5.Whatdothewords“enoughisenough^^inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Nomorewillbetolerated.B.Enoughisasgoodasafeast.

C.Asliceisbetterthannobread.D.Hewhoiscontentasksfornomore.

6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.ThebenefitsAlexDunedin'ssmartphonebrought.

B.ThecharacteristicsofAlexDunedin'ssmartphone.

C.ThereasonswhyAlexDunedinabandonedhissmartphone.

D.ThewaysAlexDunedinreducedtimespentonasmartphone.

7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Atextbook.

C.Abrochure.D.Adiary.

【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。很多人都沉迷于智能手機(jī)，無法自拔。但DulcieCowling和AlexDunedin

做了一件與眾不同的事——放棄使用智能手機(jī)。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的aThis36-year-oldwomandecided,latelastyear,togiveuphersmartphoneto

improvehermentalhealth.（去年年底，這位36歲的女性決定放棄她的智能手機(jī)，以改善她的心理健康）”

可知，DulcieCowling決定不再使用手機(jī)的目的是改善自己的心理健康狀況。故選D。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Inotherwords,theyshouldn'tspendmoretimeonthephones.（換句話說，他

們不應(yīng)該在電話上花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間）”中的inotherwords可知，本句是畫線部分所在句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。由此

可知，劃線部分所在句子意為“少數(shù)人認(rèn)為他們不能在手機(jī)上花費(fèi)更多時(shí)間了”，即劃線部分意為“不

能再多了"。故選A。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的""Culturally,wehavebecomeaddictedtothesetools,"saysthiseducational

researcherandtechnologyexpert."Theyareweakeningcognition（認(rèn)知）andimpedingproductivity.^^Dunedin

saysanotherreasonbehindhisdecisionwasenvironmentalconcerns.uWearewastinglargeamountsofenergy

andproducinglargeamountsofCO2emissions.”（這位教育研究人員和技術(shù)專家說：“在文化上，我們已經(jīng)

對(duì)這些工具上癮了。”“他們削弱了認(rèn)知能力，阻礙了生產(chǎn)力。”達(dá)尼丁說，他的決定背后的另一個(gè)原

因是對(duì)環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂?！拔覀冋诶速M(fèi)大量能源，產(chǎn)生大量二氧化碳排放?？芍?，本段介紹了Alex

Dunedin把智能手機(jī)扔進(jìn)垃圾袋的原因。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，很多人都沉迷于智能手機(jī)，無法自拔。（1DulcieCowlingAlexDunedin

做了一件與眾不同的事—放棄使用智能手機(jī)。這和人們的日常生活相關(guān)。由此推知，該文最有可能出

現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選A。

C

AnewreportbyaBritish-basedplantprotectiongroupsaysalmost30percentoftheworld'streespeciesare

atriskofextinction.TheStateoftheWorldsTreereportwarnsthat17,500treespeciesareatriskofdyingout.

And440specieshavefewerthan50individualtreesleftinthewild.ThereportwasrecentlypublishedbyBotanic

GardensConservationInternational（BGCI）.

Thereportsaysthenumberofthreatenedtreespeciesisdoublethenumberofthreatenedmammals,birds,

amphibiansandreptilescombined.Inastatement,BGCISecretaryGeneralPaulSmithsaid,“Thisreportisa

wake-upcalltoeveryonearoundtheworldthattreesneedhelp.^^

Amongthemostat-risktreesarespeciesincludingmagnoliasanddipterocarps.Thesetreesarecommonly

foundinSoutheastAsianrainforests.Thereportsaysoakandmapletreesalsofacethreats.

Treeshelpsupportthenaturalenvironmentandareconsideredimportantforfightingglobalwarmingand

climatechange.Theextinctionofasingletreespeciescouldmeanthelossofmanyothers.t€Everytreespecies

matters,tothemillionsofotherspeciesthatdependontreesallovertheworld,“Smithsaid.

Thereportshowsthatthousandsofkindsoftreesintheworld'stopsixcountriesfortree-speciesdiversityare

atriskofextinction.ThegreatestsinglenumberisinBrazil,where1,788speciesareatrisk.Theotherfive

countriesareIndonesia,Malaysia,China,ColombiaandVenezuela.

Thetopthreethreatsfacingtreespeciesarecropproduction,loggingandfarming.Mostworryingly,climate

changeandextremeweatherarealsogrowingthreats.Thereportaddsatleast180treespeciesaredirectly

threatenedbyrisingseasandsevereweather.Itnotesthatislandtreespeciesaremoreatriskthanothertrees

becausemanyislandshavespeciesoftreesthatcanbefoundnowhereelse.

8.Whatcanweknowabouttheworld'streespecies?

A.Theyareinurgentneedofprotection.

B.Thereare50typesofthemunknown.

C.Mostofthemareindangerofdyingout.

D.Thenumberofthemishigherthanwildanimals.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionSoutheastAsianrainforestsinparagraph3?

A.Toattractreaderstoexplorethere.

B.Toemphasizetheirspeciallocation.

C.Topresentwildanimals9importanthabitats.

D.Toshowthemostthreatenedtreespeciesthere.

10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusabouttrees?

A.Theirenvironmentalbenefits.B.Theireconomicvalue.

C.Theircharacteristics.D.Theirevolution.

11.Whatistheauthor'stoneinwritingthetext?

A.Confused.B.Concerned.

C.Grateful.D.Humorous.

【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一份新報(bào)告顯示，世界上近30%的樹種面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，樹種迫

切需要保護(hù)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句"AnewreportbyaBritish-basedplantprotectiongroupsaysalmost30

percentoftheworld'streespeciesareatriskofextinction.v（英國(guó)植物保護(hù)組織的一份新報(bào)告稱，世界上近

30%的樹種面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。）和第二段關(guān)鍵句"Thisreportisawake-upcalltoeveryonearoundtheworld

thattreesneedhelp."（這份報(bào)告警醒了世界各地的人們，樹木需要幫助。）可知，世界上近30%的樹種面

臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，樹木需要幫助，由此可知，世界上的樹種迫切需要保護(hù)。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容uAmongthemostat-risktreesarespeciesincludingmagnoliasanddipterocarps.

ThesetreesarecommonlyfoundinSoutheastAsianrainforests.Thereportsaysoakandmapletreesalsoface

threats."（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大樹種包括木蘭樹和龍腦香。這些樹常見于東南亞雨林。報(bào)告說，橡樹和楓樹也面

臨威脅。）可知，文章第三段告訴我們東南亞雨林常見的木蘭樹和龍腦香是滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大的樹種，由此可

知，作者在第三段中提到東南亞雨林是為了展示那里最受威脅的樹種。故選D項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀第四段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵句Treeshelpsupportthenaturalenvironmentandareconsidered

importantforfightingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.”（樹木有助于支持自然環(huán)境，被認(rèn)為對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)全球

變暖和氣候變化很重要。）可知，第四段告訴我們樹木對(duì)環(huán)境有益，對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖和氣候變化很重要，

由此可知，第四段主要告訴我們樹木帶來的環(huán)境利益。故選A項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句"Thetopthreethreatsfacingtreespeciesarecropproduction,loggingand

farming.Mostworryingly,climatechangeandextremeweatherarealsogrowingthreats.（樹種面臨的三大威

脅是作物生產(chǎn)、伐木和農(nóng)業(yè)。最令人擔(dān)憂的是，氣候變化和極端天氣也是日益嚴(yán)重的威脅。）可知，樹種

面臨著作物生產(chǎn)、伐木、農(nóng)業(yè)、氣候變化和極端天氣等帶來的威脅，這讓作者感到擔(dān)憂，結(jié)合“Mosi

worryingly"可知，作者寫作時(shí)的語調(diào)是擔(dān)心的。故選B項(xiàng)。

D

EngineersatNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,Illinois,inventedtheworld'ssmallestremote-controlled

walkingrobot,accordingtotheresearchpublishedinthejournalScienceRobotics.Eachoneisabouthalfa

millimeterwide,whichissmallerthanthethicknessofaUSpenny.

“Ittookayearandahalftocreatethetinymetalcreatures,,,saidcoauthorJohnA.Rogers,professorof

MaterialsScienceandEngineeringatNorthwesternUniversity.Rogers'teamconsistedofstudentsacrossvarying

academiclevelswhocombinedcritical-andcreative-thinkingskillstodesignrobotsthatlookedlikecrabs（螃蟹）

aswellasotheranimalslikeinchwormsandcrickets.

“Somestudentsfoundthesidewayswalkingofcrabsamusing,whichwastheinspirationbehindthecrabrobot/

Rogerssaid."Therobots,whicharemadeofashapememoryalloy（合金）,startoutasflatobjects,similartoapiece

ofpaper.Thetinyrobotcanalsotwist,turnandjump.,,

“Ametallicobjectmadeofshape-memoryalloycanbechanged,butreturnstoitsoriginalshapeonceheatis

appliedtoit,“heexplained.Lasers（激光）wereusedtoapplyheattodifferentpartsofthecrabrobottocreate

movement.UAlaserisaconvenientwaytodoitbecausewecanfocusthelighttoaverytinyspot,“Rogerssaid.

Therobotsarestillinthedevelopmentalphaseandprimarilycreatedforacademicpurposes,butthetechnology

usedtomakethetinycrabshavepotential.Tinycrabrobotscouldbeusedinperformingminimallyinvasive

surgeriesoraidintherepairofsmall-scalemachines.Inthemeantime,Rogershaschallengedhisteamtoexpand

ontherobot'scapabilities.44Asanambitiousgoal,Iaskedthestudentstoseeiftheycouldcomeupwithawayto

maketheserobotstakeflight-maybeimpossible,butfuntothinkabout,“hesaid.

12.Whatwasthecrabrobotbasedon?

A.Crab'slivinghabit.B.Crab'swayofmoving.

C.Crab'samazingshape.D.Crab'swayofstanding.

13.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingparagraph4?

A.Toexplaintheuseforheat.

B.Todescribetheoriginalshapeofthecrabrobot.

CTointroducethewaytomakethecrabrobotmove.

D.Toshowtheimportanceoftheshape-memoryalloy.

14.Whatcanbeshownaboutthecrabrobotinthelastparagraph?

A.Itsflyingability.B.Itspossiblechallenges.

C.Itspromisingfuture.D.Itsaspirationalgoal.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ANewCreatureWasCreatedByEngineersAtNorthwesternUniversity

B.EngineersInventedTheWorld'sSmallestRemotecontrolledWalkingRobot

C.EngineersFoundAUseForTheWorld'sSmallestRemotecontrolledWalkingRobot

D.ANewShape-memoryAlloyWasInventedByEngineersAtNorthwesternUniversity

【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。埃文斯頓的西北大學(xué)的工程師們發(fā)明了世界上最小的外形像螃蟹的遙控步

行機(jī)器人。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“"Somestudentsfoundthesidewayswalkingofcrabsamusing,whichwasthe

inspirationbehindthecrabrobot,5,Rogerssaid.（羅杰斯說：'一些學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)螃蟹的側(cè)向行走很有趣，這就是

螃蟹機(jī)器人背后的靈感。'）”可知，一些學(xué)生覺得螃蟹橫著走很有趣，這就是螃蟹機(jī)器人的靈感來源。

故選Bo

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段""Ametallicobjectmadeofshape-memoryalloycanbechanged,butreturnstoits

originalshapeonceheatisappliedtoit,“heexplained.Lasers（激光）wereusedtoapplyheattodifferentpartsof

thecrabrobottocreatemovement.4<Alaserisaconvenientwaytodoitbecausewecanfocusthelighttoavery

tinyspot,“Rogerssaid.（他解釋說：'形狀記憶合金制成的金屬物體可以改變，但一旦加熱，它就會(huì)恢復(fù)原

來的形狀。'激光被用來加熱螃蟹機(jī)器人的不同部位，以產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動(dòng)。羅杰斯說：'激光是一種方便的方

法，因?yàn)槲覀兛梢园压饩劢沟揭粋€(gè)非常小的點(diǎn)上。'）”可知，作者寫作第四段的目的是介紹螃蟹機(jī)器人

移動(dòng)的工作原理。故選C。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Therobotsarestillinthedevelopmentalphaseandprimarilycreatedfor

academicpurposes,butthetechnologyusedtomakethetinycrabshavepotential.Tinycrabrobotscouldbeused

inperformingminimallyinvasivesurgeriesoraidintherepairofsmall-scalemachines』機(jī)器人仍處于開發(fā)階

段，主要是為了學(xué)術(shù)目的而制造的，但用于制造小螃蟹的技術(shù)具有潛力。微型螃蟹機(jī)器人可用于執(zhí)行微

創(chuàng)手術(shù)或幫助修理小型機(jī)器）”推知，螃蟹機(jī)器人前途光明。故選C。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段uEngineersatNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,Illinois,inventedtheworld's

smallestremote-controlledwalkingrobot,accordingtotheresearchpublishedinthejournalScienceRobotics.

Eachoneisabouthalfamillimeterwide,whichissmallerthanthethicknessofaUSpenny.（根據(jù)發(fā)表在《科學(xué)

機(jī)器人學(xué)》雜志上的研究，伊利諾伊州埃文斯頓西北大學(xué)的工程師們發(fā)明了世界上最小的遙控步行機(jī)器

人。每一個(gè)大約半毫米寬，比一便士的厚度還小）”以及下文對(duì)該機(jī)器人的介紹可知，本文介紹了埃文斯

頓的西北大學(xué)的工程師們發(fā)明了世界上最小的外形像螃蟹的遙控步行機(jī)器人。因此B項(xiàng)“工程師發(fā)明了

世界上最小的遙控步行機(jī)器人”可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Maybeyouarefearfulofmissingyourholidaysduetolongwaitsfbrnewpassports.16

Checkyourpassporttoseewhenitwasissued

"Aftertraveltookapauseformanyholidaymakersduringthepandemic,plentyofpassportsneedtobe

renewed.Tobeatanydisappointmentsfbryoursummervacations,you'llwanttomakesurethatithasbeenno

morethantenyearssinceyourpassportwasissued,“Naveensays."17.includingpopulartravelspots

suchasEgypt,Thailand,andDubai.

18

"I'drecommendthoroughlycheckingyourapplicationbeforeyousenditoff.Manydelaysaremadethrough

typicalerrors-suchasincorrectphotosortypos-whichcanworsenyourchancesofreceivingapassportintime

fbrasummertrip,"hecontinues.

Gofordigitalratherthanpaper

Naveenadvises,"Therearemanyvariables（變數(shù)）thalgointohowlongitwilltaketogetyourpassport

renewed——fromafirst-timepassporttoachild'srenewal.Whenitcomestothemethodofhowyouapply,digital

applicationsgenerallytakeashortamountoftimeaspartsoftheapplicationarelesslikelytogetlost,plusthe

onlineprocesswillbemoreefficient.19

Makeanappointmentinpersonoroverthephone

“Withthecurrentdemandfortravelinrecentmonths,eventhefast-trackservicesforpassportrenewalare

becomingoverwhelmedsothereisnoquickfix（捷徑）toreceivingyourpassportontime,“hesays."20.

Alternatively,looktobookanappointmenttooneofthevariouspassportcentersacrossthecountrythatwayyou

canspeeduptheprocessinpersonandhavesomeoneonhandshouldtherebeanyerrors.”

A.Ensureyourdetailsarecorrect

B.Admityourinformationofpassportsisright

C.Manypeopledon'tlikethestressfullifeandwanttotravel

D.Keepthisinmindifyoudon'twanttoendupbeingstuckinthewaitingline

E.Naveen,founderofNextVacay,hasissuedfourtipstospeedupthepassportprocess

F.Youalsoneedtheminimumofthreeorsixmonthstogainentryintomanydestinations

G.However,ifyouaretravelingforanemergency,youmaybeabletoacceleratetheprocess

【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.D20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了4個(gè)如何加快辦理護(hù)照的技巧。

【16題詳解】

上文"Maybeyouarefearfulofmissingyourholidaysduetolongwaitsfornewpassports.（也許你擔(dān)心由于長(zhǎng)

時(shí)間等待新護(hù)照而錯(cuò)過假期。）”提起“加快辦理護(hù)照”這個(gè)話題，因此E項(xiàng)“Naveen是NextVacay的創(chuàng)

始人，他提出了四條建議來加快辦理護(hù)照的速度?！狈媳疚闹髦?，故選E。

【17題詳解】

下文includingpopulartravelspotssuchasEgypt,Thailand,andDubai.（包括埃及、泰國(guó)和迪拜等熱門旅游

景點(diǎn)。）”說明是和目的地相關(guān)的情況，因此F項(xiàng)“你還需要至少三到六個(gè)月的時(shí)間才能進(jìn)入許多目的

地”與下文一致，故選F。

【18題詳解】

下文"I'drecommendthoroughlycheckingyourapplicationbeforeyousenditoff.（我建議你在發(fā)送之前徹底

檢查你的申請(qǐng)）”說明本段大意：確保信息無誤，因此A項(xiàng)“確保你的詳細(xì)信息正確無誤”概括本段大

意，故選A。

【19題詳解】

上文“Whenitcomestothemethodofhowyouapply,digitalapplicationsgenerallytakeashortamountoftime

aspartsoftheapplicationarelesslikelytogetlost,plustheonlineprocesswillbemoreefficient.（當(dāng)涉及如何申

請(qǐng)的方法時(shí)，數(shù)字申請(qǐng)表通常需要較短的時(shí)間，因?yàn)樯暾?qǐng)表的某些部分不太可能丟失，而且線上過程將

更有效。）”說明線上申請(qǐng)更有效，因此D項(xiàng)“如果你不想被困在等待的隊(duì)伍中，請(qǐng)記住這一點(diǎn)”，可知

this指代的是上文的plustheonlineprocesswillbemoreefficient,故選D。

【20題詳解】

下文Alternatively,looktobookanappoinlmenttooneofthevariouspassportcentersacrossthecountrythat

wayyoucanspeeduptheprocessinpersonandhavesomeoneonhandshouldtherebeanyerrors.（或者，也可

以預(yù)約全國(guó)各地的一個(gè)護(hù)照中心，這樣你就可以親自加快辦理過程，如果有任何錯(cuò)誤，也可以找個(gè)人幫

忙。）”說明的是加快辦理過程的方法，因此G項(xiàng)“然而，如果你是因緊急情況旅行，你或許可以加快這

個(gè)過程”與想文呼應(yīng)，故選G。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Mum-of-threeAlliSmith21herheaviestweightof125kgafterthreedifficultpregnanciescaused

hertorisetoasize20.Shewasn't22withherself,andshewasn'tlivinglifetothefullest.Shedidn'twant

togotoeventsbecauseshedidn'thaveanyclothesthatwouldsuither.

Mostofthetimeshewas23herselfwithdiets.However,snackingonnearlytwoblocksof

24anight,the27-year-oldfactoryworkercheweddoughnuts（甜甜圈）,chipsandbiscuitsthroughoutthe

day.Apartfromthat,shewas25chocolateandwasintoitmainlyforthetaste.

Shetriedeverydietunderthesunandwasspendingallthismoneyonallthese26tojustfailevery

time.

27tochangeherways,Allisawherdoctor,whorecommendedsheconductgastric（胃部的）sleeve

surgerytopreventhealthcomplications（并發(fā)癥）inthefuture28hersize.

Shesoon29hernightlychocolatehabitandhassincedropped35kginjustsevenmonthsand

30hersugarheavydietforfreshfruitsandsalads.

Now,Allialsohasmore31toplaywithherchildrenwithHenry,four,Kate,two,andGeorge,one.

'Tmmoreenergetic,Irunaroundwithmy32andthey'reenjoyingit,"saysAlli.Shefeelsmore

33thaneverinhernew90kgframe,recentlywearingshortsoutsidethehouseforthefirsttimeinsix

years.Shedelightedlysays,“Mysonsaidtome,4Mum,youlooksopretty?AndnowIwearwhatIwant,notjust

what34.I'vefinally35inlosingweightandamontheroadtowhereIwanttobe.”

21.A.remainedB.reachedC.impressedD.enjoyed

22.A.satisfiedB.connectedC.carefulD.angry

23.A.beggingB.restrictingC.toleratingD.ignoring

24.A.cakeB.chipC.biscuitD.chocolate

25.A.addictedtoB.tiredofC.worriedaboutD.devotedto

26.A.problemsB.theoriesC.programsD.circumstances

27.A.CruelB.IncredibleC.DesperateD.Unwilling

28.A.contrarytoB.regardlessofC.insteadofD.dueto

29.A.reliedonB.ga