美國社會與文化智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

美國社會與文化智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年美國社會與文化The

“old

immigrants”

in

the

United

States

mainly

refer

to

the

northern

and

western

Europeans

who

came

to

America

from

the

early

19th

century

to

1880

and

the

“new

immigrants”

refer

to

the

southern

and

eastern

Europeans

between

1880

and

1920.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對The

Bill

of

Rights

was

added

to

the

Constitution

so

as

to

protect

the

people

against

foreign

interference,

such

as

the

threat

from

Britain.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯The

spontaneous

action

of

the

Greensboro

students

“sit-in”,

was

believed

to

be

the

true

beginning

of

the

civil

rights

movement.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯“All

men

are

created

equal”

is

from

the

document

called

the

Treaty

of

Paris.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯Although

the

13

English

colonies

stretched

out

in

different

regions

along

Atlantic

coast,

they

developed

a

similar

American

pattern

in

politics,

economy

and

cultural

life

in

mid-18th

century.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Optimism

in

American

culture

often

includes

a

faith

in

progress

and

a

constant

view

toward

the

future—problems

will

be

solved

and

the

future

will

be

better.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對The

Clinton

Administration

made

international

peace,

economic

prosperity

and

promotion

of

democracy

the

three

pillars

of

American

foreign

policy.（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯The

Industrial

Midwest

and

the

Agricultural

Midwest

accurately

indicate

the

primary

focus

of

them

and

make

it

easy

to

distinguish

agricultural

from

industrial

areas

in

the

West.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯What

makes

the

most

recent

immigrants

markedly

different

from

previous

immigrants

is

that

a

minority

of

them

are

highly

skilled

workers,

professionals

(especially

engineers,

doctors,

and

nurses),

and

entrepreneurs

with

capital.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Whatever

changes

there

are

in

Obama’s

handling

of

foreign

affairs,

the

changes

are

tactical

in

nature.

Many

of

the

goals

of

the

Bush

Administration

remain

unchanged.

(

)

A:對B:錯答案:對Orientation

to

action

is

an

important

characteristic

for

the

American

people

so

that

they’re

always

in

the

process

of

“doing

something”.

（

）

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Checks

and

balances

means

the

central

government

and

state

governments

could

limit

the

power

of

each

other’s

and

achieve

a

balance.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯Religious

freedom

is

guaranteed

in

the

Constitution,

so

American

culture

is

generally

free

from

the

influence

of

religion,

both

in

its

historical

development

and

in

today’s

American

society.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯Ohio

River

is

not

only

a

large

navigable

system

but

also

a

geographic

symbol------the

traditional

dividing

line

in

America

between

“East”

and

“West”.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯Those

who

worked

in

the

civil

rights

movement

included

older,

usually

male,

Negro

leaders;

black

and

white

young

people,

some

white

professional

men

and

women,

and

some

white

housewives.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對Southeastern

states

such

as

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Alabama,

Mississippi

and

Louisiana

has

been

traditionally

called

the

“Deep

South”,

where

cotton

was

grown

and

slavery

was

allowed

before

the

American

Civil

War.（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對The

first

permanent

settlement

Britain

established

in

North

America

was

in

today’s

New

England

region.（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯Traditionally,

the

Southern

region

refers

to

the

thirteen

states

that

left

the

Union

to

form

the

Confederacy

during

the

Civil

War

period.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯In

1607,

Britain

planted

its

first

colony,

Jamestown,

in

what

is

now

Virginia.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對In

the

United

States,

announcing

a

belief

in

God

does

result

in

active

participation

in

religious

services.（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯One

of

the

factors

in

favor

of

America’s

rapid

economic

progress

in

the

19th

century

was

the

application

of

science

and

technology

in

production.（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對In

1964,

hundreds

of

volunteers

from

all

over

the

US

went

to

Missouri

to

register

Negroes

to

vote.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯American

political

system

borrowed

many

elements

from

the

British

parliamentarism

so

that

it

can

be

seen

as

a

replication

of

the

British

system.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯In

1965,

President

Johnson

declared

New

Frontier

Program

to

eliminate

poverty

“by

opening

to

everyone

the

opportunity

to

live

in

decency

and

dignity.”

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯The

first

settlement

in

New

England

was

established

in

Plymouth

by

Puritans

in

1620.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對The

two

major

mountain

ranges

in

the

United

States

are

similar

to

each

other.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯The

Declaration

of

Independence

was

mainly

drafted

by

George

Washington,

assisted

by

Benjamin

Franklin

and

John

Adams.（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯The

most

significant

problem

of

the

central

government

under

the

Articles

of

Confederation

was

that

it

lacked

power

to

fulfill

its

duties.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Many

of

the

characteristics

of

American

people

and

American

culture

can

be

seen

as

reflections

of

the

American

Dream,

such

as

optimism.

pragmatism

and

self-reliance.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對There

are

forty-eight

contiguous

states

in

America,

lying

between

the

Atlantic

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean,

Canada

and

Mexico.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對American

advancement

in

education,

especially

higher

education

is

in

part

influenced

by

Puritan

legacy

from

colonial

time.（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Black

Africans

are

the

biggest

ethnic

minority

group

in

the

United

States.（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯At

the

end

of

the

Second

World

War,

a

concrete

wall

separating

East

and

West

Berlin

was

built,

which

became

the

symbol

of

the

Cold

War.

(

)

A:對B:錯答案:錯In

the

face

of

even

the

most

difficult

situation,

Americans

are

expected

to

make

effort

to

find

a

solution,

instead

of

doing

nothing

and

waiting

for

others

to

solve

the

issue.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Up

to

the

Second

World

War,

American

foreign

policy

can

be

described

as

swinging

between

isolationism

and

interventionism.

(

)

A:對B:錯答案:對“The

American

Dream,”

as

a

national

spirit,

came

to

mean

Americanism

in

the

20th

century.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:對Laissez-faire

is

generally

considered

as

an

important

institutional

factor

that

contributed

to

the

success

of

American

business

and

industry.

（

）

A:錯B:對答案:對Federalism,

one

of

the

basic

principles

in

American

politics,

was

established

in

the

Articles

of

Confederation

to

guarantee

the

power

of

individual

states.（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯If

any

government

action

or

Congressional

legislation

violates

provisions

of

the

Constitution,

any

court

of

law

has

the

power

to

make

it

ineffective.

（

）

A:對B:錯答案:錯President

Richard

Nixon

visited

China

and

established

formal

diplomatic

relations

with

China

in

1972.（

）

A:錯B:對答案:錯The

Supreme

Court

ruled

that

the

practice

of

segregating

blacks

into

separate

schools

was

unconstitutional

in

______.

(

)

A:1938B:1942C:1955D:1945答案:1945Arms

race

was

an

important

part

of

the

foreign

policy

between

the

US

and

the

Soviet

Union.

The

following

weapons/advancements

were

first

developed

in

America

EXCEPT

__________.(

)

A:atomic

bombB:hydrogen

bombC:satelliteD:nuclear

submarine答案:satelliteWhich

of

the

following

expressions

represents

the

core

value

of

the

mainstream

society

in

the

US?

(

)

A:“Blood,

sweat,

and

toil.”B:“Life,

liberty,

and

the

pursuit

of

happiness.”C:“Eat,

drink,

and

be

merry.”D:“Freedom,

equality,

and

spirituality.”答案:“Life,(

)

did

not

provide

the

leadership,

the

tactics,

or

the

people

to

fight

against

Southern

segregation

in

the

1960s.

(

)

A:The

Congress

of

Racial

EqualityB:The

Southern

Christian

Leadership

ConferenceC:The

Student

Nonviolent

Coordinating

CommitteeD:The

Student

for

a

Democratic

Society答案:The

Student

Nonviolent

Coordinating

Committee;The

Southern

Christian

Leadership

Conference;The

Congress

of

Racial

EqualityPresident

George

W.

Bush

signs

the

No

Child

Left

Behind

Act

in

______.

(

)

A:2000B:2004C:1998D:2002答案:2002“Fair

play”

is

a

principle

important

in

American

culture

that

could

be

explained

with

the

following

statements

--__________.

(

)

A:Equality

means

that

everyone

should

have

an

equal

chance

to

enter

the

race

and

win.B:Equality

of

opportunity

implies

that

the

processes

of

competition

between

individuals

should

not

be

tilted

in

favor

of

any

particular

group,

either

for

or

against.C:When

Americans

talk

about

equality,

they

literally

believe

that

everyone

is

equal

in

this

society.D:The

principle

of

equality

is

seen

as

central

to

American

values.答案:equalityA

great

economist

in

the

Industrial

Revolution

Era

was

an

Englishman

named

(

).

A:Adam

SmithB:Samuel

SlaterC:John

LockeD:Robert

Fulton答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:Adam

Smith。\n工業(yè)革命時(shí)期一位偉大的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家是亞當(dāng)·斯密，他是英國人。其他選項(xiàng)中，Samuel

Slater是第一臺紡織機(jī)的發(fā)明者，John

Locke是英國哲學(xué)家，Robert

Fulton是美國的發(fā)明家和工程師。因此，答案為A。'The

two

houses

of

the

US

Congress

are

__________.（

）

A:House

of

the

Democrats

and

House

of

the

RepublicansB:Federalist

house

and

Anti-federalist

houseC:Senate

and

House

of

RepresentativesD:House

of

Democracy

and

House

of

Liberalism答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:HouseoftheDemocratsandHouseoftheRepublicans。\n根據(jù)題目中的信息，美國國會兩院是民主黨和共和黨，因此選項(xiàng)A中的HouseoftheDemocrats和HouseoftheRepublicans符合題意。其他選項(xiàng)B、C、D都與題目無關(guān)。因此，答案是A。'_________play/plays

a

strong

role

in

the

selection

of

learning

material

for

their

students.

A:TeachersB:The

US

Federal

GovernmentC:The

US

Department

of

EducationD:Some

states答案:AI參考:正確選項(xiàng)是【C:The

US

Department

of

Education】。\n\n根據(jù)題目中的句子“_________play/playsastrongroleintheselectionoflearningmaterialfortheirstudents.”可以得知，在選擇學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)材料方面，某個機(jī)構(gòu)或組織扮演了重要的角色。選項(xiàng)中，只有C選項(xiàng)“TheUSDepartmentofEducation”符合這個描述，因?yàn)榻逃块T是負(fù)責(zé)教育政策的制定和實(shí)施的組織，在選擇學(xué)習(xí)材料方面也扮演著重要的角色。其他選項(xiàng)與句子描述不符。因此，正確答案是C。'In

the

1960s,

the

women’s

movement

was

started.

The

book

(

)

written

by

(

)

published

in

1963

changed

the

way

large

numbers

of

women

thought

about

themselves

and

other

women.

(

)

A:The

Feminine

Mystique,

Betty

FriedanB:The

Awakening,

Kate

ChopinC:Profiles

in

Courage,

John

F.

KennedyD:O

Pioneers!

Willa

Cather答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:The

Feminine

Mystique,

Betty

Friedan。\n在20世紀(jì)60年代，女性運(yùn)動開始興起。而1963年出版的由貝蒂·弗里丹所著的《女性的奧秘》改變了大量女性對自己和其他女性的看法。因此，A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。'Because

of

his

firm

belief

in

nonviolent

peaceful

protest,

(

)

was

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize

for

Peace

in

1964.

A:Malcolm

XB:Ella

BakerC:John

F.

KennedyD:Martin

Luther

King,

Jr.答案:AI參考:正確選項(xiàng)：D:Martin

Luther

King,

Jr.。\n\n根據(jù)問題描述，因?yàn)樗麑Ψ潜┝推娇棺h的堅(jiān)定信念，MartinLutherKing，Jr.在1964年被授予諾貝爾和平獎。因此，正確答案為D。'Three

of

the

following

changes

among

many

blacks

took

place

after

the

1960s.

(

)

was

not

true.

(

)

A:Blacks

felt

that

the

black

community

ought

to

coexist

with

other

groups

equally.B:Blacks

felt

more

and

more

confidents

that

they

would

be

fully

integrated

into

the

mainstream

of

American

life.C:Blacks

felt

that

“black

is

beautiful”.D:Blacks

felt

more

and

more

proud

of

themselves.答案:AI參考:正確答案是D：Blacksfeltmoreandmoreproudofthemselves.\n\n在黑人群體中發(fā)生了許多變化，但下列變化中只有“黑人對自己感到越來越自豪”是不正確的。其他選項(xiàng)A、B、C都是正確的，它們分別涉及到黑人應(yīng)該與其他群體平等共存、黑人自信地融入美國生活的主流以及黑人認(rèn)為“黑就是美”。因此，選項(xiàng)D是不正確的。'The

first

factory

in

the

US

was

a

(

)

in

Pawtucket,

Rhode

Island.

(

)

A:cotton

textile

millB:firearm

factoryC:steamboat

millD:automobile

factory答案:AI參考:正確答案是A：cottontextilemill。\n根據(jù)題目中的描述“ThefirstfactoryintheUSwasafactoryinPawtucket,RhodeIsland.”，可以得知這家工廠是位于美國羅德島州帕特烏特克里的第一家工廠，而選項(xiàng)中只有A選項(xiàng)是關(guān)于棉紡織廠的描述，因此答案為A。其他選項(xiàng)B、C、D分別與題目描述不符。'In

the

summer

of

1963,

hundreds

of

thousands

of

peaceful

demonstrators

went

to

Washington,

D.C.,

where

Martin

Luther

King

gave

the

famous

speech

(

).

A:Duty,

Honor,

CountryB:Duties

of

American

CitizenshipC:Freedom

or

DeathD:I

Have

a

Dream答案:AI參考:正確選項(xiàng)：D:I

Have

a

Dream\n\n在1963年的夏天，成千上萬的和平示威者前往華盛頓特區(qū)，馬丁·路德·金發(fā)表了著名的演講（D）。\n\n根據(jù)題目所給的四個選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)“職責(zé)、榮譽(yù)、國家”與演講內(nèi)容無關(guān)；B選項(xiàng)“美國公民的義務(wù)”也不符合演講主題；C選項(xiàng)“自由或死亡”雖然與演講主題有關(guān)，但并不是演講的主要內(nèi)容；而D選項(xiàng)“我有一個夢想”是馬丁·路德·金在演講中的核心內(nèi)容，表達(dá)了他對種族平等和自由的追求。因此，D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。'(

)

is

not

the

root

of

affluence

of

American

business

and

industry.

(

)

A:Religious,

political

and

social

traditionsB:Bountiful

resources

and

the

geographical

size

of

the

countryC:The

institutional

structures

of

government

and

businessD:The

construction

and

development

of

transportation

system答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:Religious,politicalandsocialtraditions。\n\n該句的意思是“宗教、政治和社會傳統(tǒng)不是美國商業(yè)和工業(yè)繁榮的根源”，因此選項(xiàng)A“宗教、政治和社會傳統(tǒng)”是正確的答案。其他選項(xiàng)B（豐富的資源和國家的地理位置）、C（政府和商業(yè)的制度結(jié)構(gòu)）、D（交通系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)和開發(fā)）與句意不符。'The

founding

of

the

United

States

of

America

was

marked

on

July

4,

1776,

when

__________

was

passed

by

the

continental

Congress.

A:the

Peace

of

ParisB:the

Treaty

of

ParisC:the

Intolerable

ActsD:the

Declaration

of

Independence答案:AI參考:正確選項(xiàng)是【D:the

Declaration

of

Independence】。\n\n根據(jù)題干中的信息，美國成立于1776年7月4日，當(dāng)時(shí)是由大陸會議通過了一項(xiàng)宣言。因此，選項(xiàng)D“theDeclarationofIndependence”是最符合語境的正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)A、B、C都不符合題干中所描述的情況。'After

working

in

the

south

during

(

)

in

1964,

many

white

students

from

the

North

changed

greatly,

both

in

appearance

and

in

their

attitudes

and

beliefs.

(

)

A:Greensboro

sit-inB:Freedom

SummerC:Montgomery

bus

boycottD:War

on

Poverty答案:AI參考:答案為C：Montgomerybusboycott\n在句子中提到了南方，并且在1964年之后許多北方的白人學(xué)生都發(fā)生了變化，從外表、態(tài)度和信仰等方