2024山東省濰坊市高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題和答案

試卷類型：A濰坊市高三一模英語試題2024.3注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANationalPublicRadio（NPR）Music'sTinyDeskContestisback.Artistscansubmitanentryfromthismorning.Thisisn'tjustanotherregularyearoftheContest-it'sthe10thanniversary.Thepanel（小組）ofjudgeshasdoubledinsizecomparedtopreviousyears.Thepanelhasagroupofindustryexpertswhoareeagertoseewhatthisyear'sparticipantscanshare.Andthere'sagreatteamofNPR'sMusicstationhostsonthepanel:AmeliaMason,NovenaCarmelandStasTHEEBoss.Alsonewthisyear:Notonlywillthe2024winnerplayaTinyDeskconcert,beinterviewedonAllThingsConsideredandgoontourwithNPRMusic---they'llalsobepairedwithatutorintheindustrywhowillhelpthemnavigatetheirmusicjourney.Ourjudgesaredeterminedtogivethisyear'swinnerthesupportthey'llneedtotaketheirmusictothenextlevel.Thewinnerwillalsobefeaturedattwofestivalsthissummer:CelebrateBrooklynandtheMillenniumParkSummerMusicseriesinChicago.Andforthefirsttimethisyear,theContestisintroducingafanfavoritevote.Laterthisspring,ContestjudgeswillsharetheirfavoriteentriesaspartoftheannualTinyDesk-ContestTopShelfseriesonYouTube--andthenartistsandfanswillbeabletovotefortheirfavoriteamongthoseselections.Here'showtoenter:Recordavideoofyouplayingoneoriginalsong--behindadesk,uploadyourvideotoYouTube,andsubmitthevideoonourTinyDeskContestwebsitebyFeb.21at11:59p.m.Afinalreminder:Entryvideosdon'tneedtobefancy.TheTinyDeskiswhereartistsgotosimplifytheirbigproductions.Contestjudgesarelookingforartiststosubmitsomethingthat'struetothemandbrandnewtotheTinyDesk.1.Whoaremostlikelyamongthejudges?A.Newsstationhosts.B.Expertmusicians.C.Contestparticipants.D.Famousindustrialists.2.Whatwillthewinnergetasanaward?1/9A.Sightseeingtours.B.Festivalsouvenirs.C.Unlimitedsupport.D.Professionalguidance.3.Whatisrequiredofthecontestentry?A.Ithastobeamasterpiece.C.Itmustberecordedbehindadesk.B.Itmustconveypositivefeelings.D.IthastobesubmittedbeforeFeb.21.BOnabrightSeptemberdayintheFrenchAlpsin2022,JohnMcAvoywas38kilometresintoaveryexhaustingultramarathonthroughroughmountainpaths.Battlingtiredness,hepushedhisbodyandmindthroughthefinallegoftherace.WiththefinisharchinthefamoustownofChamonixjustfourkilometresawayandthecloud-toppedpeakofMontBlanchighoverhim,McAvoywelledupwithemotion.Inthatmoment,hefeltsofreeandalive.Itwasquitetheoppositefromwherehislifehadbeenadecadebefore.Hehadjustbeenreleasedfromprisonafterservinga10-yearsentence.Now40yearsold,McAvoyhasspentthelast10yearsrebuildinghislifefromoneofcrimetoonewithpurpose.Itwasonthisday,whilerunningtheultramarathon,thatherealizedhowimpactfulconquering（征服）thismountainruncouldbeforinner-citykidslikehim.Afterall,sporthadhelpedhimliveanormallifeagainandopenuphisworld.Itcoulddothesameforothers.WiththehelpofYouthBeyondBorders,McAvoystartedtheAlpineRunProject,whichrecentlyled12disadvantagedBritishyoungpeoplethroughtheirownMontBlancraces.Theparticipants,fromrefugees（難民）toyoungreformedcriminalsandthosewhogrewupinChildren'shome,werematchedwithcoaches,consultantsandphysiotherapists.Afterasix-monthtrainingprogram,theyouthtravelledtotheAlpstomeetupwithMcAvoyfortheirrace.McAvoysaysthehighlightofthisprojectforhimwaswatchingYasminMahamud,a20-year-oldrefugeefromSyria,runthroughthefinisharchandintothearmsofhernewfriends.Itwasalife-changinghighforMahamud,too--inspiringhertokeeprunning,takeupmartialartsandgotouniversitytostudyphysiotherapy."Itchangedmypointofviewonlife,saysMahamud.Pushingherselftocompletetheracegaveherabriefexperienceofherownpotentialthroughhardworkanddevotion."IwillalwaysbethankfultoJohnforgivingmethisopportunityandguidance.4.HowdidMcAvoyfeelbeforethefinisharch?A.Hefelttotallycollapsed.B.Hewaspeacefulandhopeful.D.Hefeltasifcompletelyreborn.C.Hewassatisfiedwithhispace.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMcAvoyfromparagraph3?A.Hewasabuilder10yearsago.B.Herealizedtheimportanceofsport.D.Hehadsympathyfortheinner-citychildren.C.Herantomakeupforhispastwrongs.6.WhomostprobablytookpartintheMontBlancraces?A.Arunningcoach.B.Atravellover.C.Ahomelessteenager.D.Askilledathlete.7.WhatmessagedoesMcAvoy'sstoryconvey?2/9A.Liveforthemoment.B.Dreambigandclimbhigh.C.Afterthestormcomestherainbow.D.Runafterthelightandbecomethelight.CPeoplehavecometounderstandtheenormousimpacts-beneficialaswellasharmful--plasticshaveonhumanlivesandtheenvironment.Aspolymer（聚臺(tái)物）scientistscommittedtoinventingsustainablesolutionsforreal-worldproblems,wesetouttotackletheissueofplasticwastebyrethinkingthewaypolymersaredesignedsowecouldmakeplasticswithrecyclabilitybuiltrightin.Everydayitemsincludingmilkjug,grocerybags,andtakeoutcontainersaremadefromaclassofpolymerscalledpolyolefins.Theseplasticsarereallydurable（耐用的）becausethechemicalbondsinthosepolymersareextremelystable.Inaworldsetupfordisposable（一次性的）items,durabilityisnolongeradesignfeaturebutratheradesigndrawback.Imagineifhalftheplasticsusedtodaywererecyclablethroughtwiceasmanyprocessesastheyarenow.Alsoconventionalrecyclingrequirescarefulsortingofallthecollectedmaterials.whichcanbechallengingwithsomanydifferentplastics.Forexample,separatingpaperfrommetaldoesn'trequirecomplextechnology,butsortingacontainerfromamilkjugofadifferentpolyolefinisdifficulttodowithouttheoccasionalmistake.InastudypublishedinScienceinOctober2023,wedescribedaseriesofpolymerswithonlytwobuildingblocks-onesoftpolymerandonehardpolymer-thatbehavelikepolyolefinsbutcouldbechemicallyrecycled.Connectingtwodifferentpolymersmultipletimesuntiltheyformasingle,longmolecule（分子）createswhat'scalledamultiblockpolymer.Bychanginghowmuchofeachpolymertypegoesintothemultiblockpolymer,ourteamproducedawiderangeofmaterialswithpropertiesthatcoveredallpolyolefintypes.Usingthesamestrategybutbyaddinghydrogen,wecoulddisconnectthepolymersbackintotheirbuildingblocksandeasilyseparatethemtouseagain.Whenwemadenewpolymersoutoftheserecycledplastics,theyperformedjustaswellastheoriginalmaterialsevenafterseveralroundsofchemicalrecycling.Sowewereabletocreatematerialswithsimilarpropertiesoftheplasticstheworldrelieson.Webelievethisworkisasteptowardmoresustainableplastics.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningplastics?A.Theirmultipleuses.B.Theirchemicalproperties.D.Theirclassificationcriteria.C.Theirrecyclingchallenges.9.Akeyfactorofproducingdiversemultiblockpolymersis______.A.mixingbuildingblockswithlongmoleculesB.integratingchemicalsintothetwopolymersC.combiningtwodifferentmultiblockpolymersD.adjustingthepercentageofthetwopolymers10.Whichisafeatureofmultiblockpolymers?A.Theyaremadefromsustainablematerials.3/9B.Theycanberecycledbyaddinghydrogen.C.Theirreliabilityoutperformstraditionalplastics.D.Theirpropertieschangewithroundsofrecycling.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A.DesigningforRecyclingB.ClassifyingPlasticWasteD.TechnologyCreatestheFutureC.ReplacePlasticswithPolymersDHiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingcandidates,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvesareprone（有傾向的）tobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.Startwiththeobviouswrongdoers:jobapplicants.Whenitcomestowritingtheresume（簡(jiǎn)歷），theytendtomassage（美化）realityintothemostappealingshapepossible.Everyonebeyondacertainlevelofexperienceisatransformationalleaderpersonallyresponsibleforgeneratingmillionsincome;theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.TheaverageBritishspendsfourandahalfhoursadaywatchingTVandonlinevideos.Buteachaveragejobcandidateisanenthusiastforpublicwelfare,usingtheirsparetimeonlyforworthypurposes,likevolunteeringinsoupkitchens.Butthetendencytostretchthetruthinfectscompaniesaswellasapplicants.Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative,andthenlaysoutasetofimprobablerequirementsforthe"idealcandidate",someonewhoalmostbydefinitiondoesnotexist.Sometimes,therequirementsincludeanabilitytogobackandchangethecourseofhistory.Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogiveprospectiveemployeesagenuinesenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany'scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideo,whatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.Suchhonestycanbeitsownreward.Researchhaslongsuggestedthatrealisticjobpreviewsleadtolowerturnoverandhigheremployeesatisfaction.Apaperin2011byDavidEamestofTowsonUniversityandhisco-authorsconcludedthatfavourableperceptionsoftheorganisation'shonestyarethebestexplanationforwhy.Soaprocessdesignedtouncoverthetruthaboutjobapplicantswouldrunalotmoresmoothlyiffirmswerealsohonestaboutthemselves.12.Whyare"leader"and"enthusiast"mentionedinparagraph2?A.Topresentarule.B.Toclarifyafact.C.Tomakeacomparison.D.Toexplainaphenomenon.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stretch"inparagraph3mean?A.Overstate.B.Overturn.C.Overlook.D.Overestimate.14.Whatarejobpreviewsexpectedtobelikeinparagraph4?4/9A.Theyshowapositionasitis.B.Theyaremadeeitherintextorvideo.D.Theymainlycontainnegativesofajob.C.Theyarefavorableforbiggerfirms.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Painsandgainsofemployees.B.Howtogetthelyingoutofhiring.C.Howtobemoreappealinginhiring.D.Awrestlebetweenapplicantsandcompanies.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It'snotsolongagothatcontactlesscardpaymentswereexcitingandnew,butthetechnologyisalreadyold-hat.Thenew,betterwaytopayforthingsinshops?Byusingyourphonetomakeacontactlesspayment.Becausetraditionally,whenyouhavepaidwithacardtap（輕敲）orusingachipandpinmachine,ultimatelytheshopyouarebuyingfromwillbenotingdownallofyourcarddetails.16Andthiscouldbeaproblem--itmeanthatiftheshopishacked（侵入）orplaysfastandloosewithitsdata,youcouldfindyourcardnumberexposedtotheworld.However,whenyoutaptopaywithyourdevice,itgeneratesauniqueIDnumberforthatdealandsendsthatinstead.Soyoucanpayforyourgoodsandtheshopcangetyourmoney.17Thatistosay,phonepaymentsaresmarter.18Ifapickpocketstealsyourcardtheycanimmediatelyuseupthemoney.Butiftheygetyourphone,whenthephonegoestopayitwilltypicallyperformabiometriccheck-itwillaskforafinger-printorusethecameratolookatyourface,tocheckthatyouarewhoyousayyouare.19Becauseofthisaddedsecurity,thelimit（限額）istypicallyhigherthanforcontactlesscards.IntheUK,it'saround￡100formostretailers-thoughsomeshopsincludingmostsupermarketsletyouspendmuchmorewithjustatapofthephone.Wanttogiveitatry?Toactuallysetthingsup,gotoyourWalletappandfollowtheinstructions.20Thenitwillautomaticallyrecognisethenumbersandconnectwithyourbank.Usuallyyoureceiveatextmessagewithaspecialcodeonit.Andthen,well,you'redone.Whenyoupay,holdyourphoneoverthepaymentmachine,andpayforyourgoods!A.Ithelpstobuildtheclientlist.B.Thesetupprocessvarieswithbanks.C.Nooneneedstoshareanysensitivedata.D.It'salsomoreeffectiveagainstthethreatofthefts.E.Andphonepaymentsareincreasinglyconvenienttoo.F.Typicallythisstartsbyscanningyourcardwithyourphone.G.Therefore,itknowswhichbankaccounttotakethemoneyfrom.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）5/9第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mylong-distancecyclingcareerof13yearsand35,000kilometresendedasIapproached75.AlthoughIamnownolongerstrongenoughto21thelongdaysandbigclimbs,dayinanddayout,Ihavemymemories.Theroadbehindisjustmemories,somesoontobeforgotten,otherstobe22andenhancedwiththeretelling.A6000-kilometrecross-countryrideinitiallyappears23,but,oncedone,itissimplydone,muchlikethechallengesthatlife24.Real25wouldcomewhenIwasaloneonmybicycle.Ienjoyedmeetingandeven26thedailytargetsIhadsetformyself.Ienjoyedthetechnicalchallengesfacedbytireburstsandloosehandlebars,but27notatthattime.Ilovedcyclingwithastrongtailwindpushingmealongandhated28intoastrongheadwind.Ilovedstrikingupconversationswithadiversityofpeopleandsincerelyappreciatedthesupportandcomfortthey29.Longdistancecyclingbringsunbearableexhaustion,longhoursofanxiety,evenfearanddesperation,butthese30intoinsignificance,comparedtothejoyand31ofclimbinghugemountainsorseeingfantasticsightsforthefirsttime.Theexperiencesaddnewnessand32tomylifeandthememoriesare33.Mostimportantly,cyclingtaughtmetoknowmyselfbetter.IteventuallydawnedonmethatIhadmore34andcouragethanIeverimagined.Theself-awarenessandlong-lastingmemorieswillgivemeenormous35asIcarryonmylifejourney.21.A.appreciate22.A.treasured23.A.boringB.chooseB.exploredB.annoyingB.greetsC.expectD.standC.createdD.discussedD.discouragingD.ignoresC.confusingC.throws24.A.overcomes25.A.loneliness26.A.making27.A.reasonably28.A.battling29.A.owned30.A.fitB.joyC.convenienceC.beatingD.panicB.changingB.admittedlyB.slippingB.offeredB.paleD.finalizingD.hopefullyD.wanderingD.promisedD.backC.fortunatelyC.fallingC.mentionedC.run31.A.reflection32.A.secrets33.A.reliable34.A.toughness35.A.insightB.anticipationB.rulesC.satisfactionC.decisionsC.inaccessibleC.imaginationC.powerD.motivationD.dimensionsD.unforgettableD.wisdomB.flexibleB.curiosityB.knowledgeD.admiration6/9第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式WingChunisasouthernChinesekungfustyledescendsfromShaolinKungFu.Ithasthedistinctionofhavingbeenfoundedbytwowomen,NgMuiandYimWing-chun.TheWingChunstyleisknownforplacing36（emphasize）ontechniqueratherthanstrength.Thisstylealsocallsforpractitionerstostayrelaxedwhile37（fight）,allowingthemtoachieveakindofsoftnessorflexibility.ThisrelaxedflexibilitygivesWingChunfighter38specialkindofstrengththatallowsthemtobend,notbreak,justlikebamboo.LegendhasitthatWingChunfounderNgMuiwaslivingatShaolinTemple39itwasattackedanddestroyedbyQingdynastyforcers.Survivingtheattack,sheescaped40theborderareabetweenYunnanandSichuan.Thereshemetayoungwoman41（name）YimWing-chun,who42（final）becameoneofhertopstudents.ShetaughtYimanimprovedversionofShaolinKungFu,knownasWingChunnow.Thisnewmartialart43（spread）andgrownintodifferentbranchesoverthepasttwohundredyears.IpMan,featuredintheeponymous（同名的）hitfilms,44（be）anotablepractitionerofWingChunstylemartialarts.HealsotaughttheWingChunstyletohisstudent,BruceLee,whowouldgoontoactinthebelovedHongKongkungfumovies45helpedmakeChinesemartialartsfamousaroundtheworld.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校將舉辦以“講故事，話家風(fēng)”為主題的英語演講比賽。請(qǐng)以“Myfamilytradition”為題寫一篇演講稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.一件家風(fēng)小事；2.對(duì)你的影響。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。MyfamilytraditionIt'sanhonortotalkaboutmyfamilytradition.7/9第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwaseightyearsoldandwasn'tawareofallthearrangementsbeingmadeforourjourneyasafamilytoLondonin1950.Mymotherwas