Unit5Lesson1EnlighteningaMind課件高中英語(yǔ)北師大版選擇性

Unit5Education

Lesson1EnlighteningAMindIfsomeoneisblind,howcanhelearntoreadandwrite?Ifsomeoneisdeaf,howcanhelearntoreadandwrite?Ifsomeoneisblindanddeaf,howcanhelearntoreadandwrite?Canyouthinkofanywaystoteachthemhowtoreadandwrite?

Step1Lead-inWhatdoyouknowaboutHelenKeller?NationalityProblemsLifestoriesStep1Lead-inStep2Fast-readingActivity1

Readthetextandthenchoosethebestanswer.1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.HowtolearnBraille?B.ThelearningexperiencesofHelenKellerwhenshestruggledagainstlife.C.HowdidHelenKellersucceed?D.Howtobeanexcellentteacher?2.WhydidHelenhaveatendencytobreakthings?A.Becauseshewastroublesome.B.Becauseshewasstubborn.C.Becauseshedesiredforunderstanding.D.Becauseshehatedothers’sympathy.Step2Fast-readingStep2Fast-readingActivity1

Readthetextandthenchoosethebestanswer.1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.HowtolearnBraille?B.ThelearningexperiencesofHelenKellerwhenshestruggledagainstlife.C.HowdidHelenKellersucceed?D.Howtobeanexcellentteacher?Step2Fast-readingActivity1

Readthetextandthenchoosethebestanswer.2.WhydidHelenhaveatendencytobreakthings?A.Becauseshewastroublesome.B.Becauseshewasstubborn.C.Becauseshedesiredforunderstanding.D.Becauseshehatedothers’sympathy.Para.1Step2Fast-readingPara.2Para.3Para.9Step2Fast-readingActivity2Readthepassage,thendividethewholepassageinto3partsandmatchthemainideaforeachpart.Part1:Para.(1)Helen’steacher–AnneSullivanPart2:Para.(2)HowAnnetaughtHelenthewordsPart3:Para.(3-11)Helen’sproblemsStep3Careful-readingActivity1

ReadPara1

andPara2:What’scharacteristicsandpersonalitiesofHelenandherteacher?第一課啟迪心靈

海倫?凱勒是一個(gè)非常特殊的女孩。她七歲時(shí)，仍不會(huì)說(shuō)話，不能讀書也不會(huì)寫字，一切都需要?jiǎng)e人照顧。這是因?yàn)樗床灰娨猜牪灰?。這些嚴(yán)重的障礙限制了海倫的正常交流，也讓她的行為常常令人難以忍受。海倫有時(shí)很煩人、很固執(zhí)，而且很易怒。如果沒有人能理解她的意思，她就會(huì)摔東西。Step3careful-readingActivity2HowmanywordsweretaughttoHelen?Whatwerethey?dollwaterlovethinkCompletethediagramActivity3HowdidAnneteachHelenthefourwords?Fortheword“doll”Anne_______________________________________________________________________________.1Fortheword“water”Anne_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.2Helenthoughtatfirstitwasthesweetnessofflowersbutlater__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.“Youcannottouchlove.______________________________________________.”Fortheword“l(fā)ove”3WhenHelenwastryingtosolveadifficultproblem,Anne____________________________________________________________.Inaflash,Helen____________________________________________________________________________.Fortheword“think”4

Completethediagram.HowAnnetaughtHelenthefourwordsFortheword“doll”Anne_______________________________________________________________________________________.

letHelenplaywiththedoll,andthenspelttheletters“D-O-L-L”onherhandAnne’stechniquetoteachHelenlanguagewassimpleandstraightforward.AnnespeltwordsbywritingonHelen’shandsothatHelencouldgetamentalpictureofthewords.Shestartedwiththeword“doll”.ShewouldletHelenplaywiththedoll,andthenspelltheletters“D-O-L-L”onherhand.Whentheyinitiallydidthis,Helenthoughtitwasagame.Shewroteaboutherexcitementlaterinherbook,TheStoryofMyLife:安妮教海倫學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的方法簡(jiǎn)單明了。她先在海倫手上拼寫單詞，使海倫聯(lián)想到單詞的畫面。安妮給海倫拼寫的第一個(gè)詞是“doll”。她先讓海倫和洋娃娃玩耍，然后在海倫的手上拼寫“D-O-L-L”。剛開始海倫以為這是在玩游戲。后來(lái)在《我的人生故事》一書中，海倫描述了自己的興奮之情：“Runningdownstairstomymother,Iheldupmyhandandmadethelettersfor‘doll’.IdidnotknowthatIwasspellingawordoreventhatwordsexisted;Iwassimplymakingmyfingersgoinmonkey-likeImitation.”“我跑下樓去見我母親，舉起手來(lái)，也給她拼寫字母組成‘doll’?？晌夷菚r(shí)并不知道自己在拼寫單詞，甚至壓根不知道詞匯的存在。我僅僅是亦步亦趨地用手指模仿老師。”HowAnnetaughtHelenthefourwordsFortheword“water”Anne_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

putoneofHelen’shandsunderthewater.AsthewaterflowedoverHelen’shand,Annespellout“W-A-T-E-R”intoHelen’sotherhandWhentheywereatthewelloneday,AnneputoneofHelen’shandsunderthestreamofwater.AsthewaterflowedoverHelen’shand,Annespeltout“W-A-T-E-R”intoHelen’sotherhand.AsAnnewroteonHelen’shand,Helensuddenlyrealisedthatthemovementofthefingersmeantthecoolliquidflowingoverherhand.Thispreciousknowledgegaveherhopeandjoy.Finally,shegottheworldofwordsopeneduptoher.一天，她們?cè)诰叄材莅押惖囊恢皇址旁谒飨?。水緩緩流過(guò)海倫的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼寫“W-A-T-E-R”。安妮在海倫手上寫的時(shí)候，海倫突然意識(shí)到，手指的動(dòng)作代表的是流過(guò)自己手掌的清涼的液體。這寶貴的知識(shí)給她帶來(lái)希望和快樂。終于，她打開了語(yǔ)言世界的大門。HowAnnetaughtHelenthefourwordsFortheword“l(fā)ove”Helenthoughtatfirstitwasthesweetnessofflowersbutlater______________________________________________________________.“Youcannottouchlove_______________________________________________________________________________________________”.

shedrewmeclosertoherandsaid,“itishere”,pointingtomyheartbutyoufeelthesweetnessthatitpoursintoeverything.Withoutloveyouwouldnotbehappyorwanttoplay

NowthatHelengraspedthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.Childrenwhocanseeandhearlearnlanguageeasily,butforHelen,itwasagradualandsometimespainfulprocess.However,becauseHelenwassoenthusiasticaboutlearning,theresultswereamazing.由于海倫理解了語(yǔ)言的關(guān)鍵，她非常渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多語(yǔ)言，并且盡可能運(yùn)用它。正常的孩子能聽、能看，學(xué)起語(yǔ)言來(lái)很容易。但對(duì)海倫來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言是個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，有時(shí)會(huì)很痛苦。然而，由于海倫對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)有極高的熱情，學(xué)習(xí)成果令人吃驚。隨著海倫知識(shí)和詞匯量的不斷擴(kuò)大，她提出的問題也越來(lái)越多。這使她學(xué)會(huì)了更復(fù)雜的單詞，從而改變了思維的過(guò)程。她很清楚地記得，學(xué)習(xí)“l(fā)ove”這個(gè)單詞的難忘經(jīng)歷。在書中她這樣描述道：“IrememberthemorningthatIfirstaskedthemeaningoftheword‘love’.ThiswasbeforeIknewmanywords.Ihadfoundafewearlyvioletsinthegardenandbroughtthemtomyteacher...MissSullivanputherarmgentlyroundmeandwroteonmyhand,‘IloveHelen.’‘Whatislove?’Iasked.Shedrewmeclosertoherandsaid,‘itishere,’pointingtomyheart...HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlesstouchedit.”“我記得有一天早上，我第一次問‘love’這個(gè)詞的含義。那時(shí)我的詞匯量還很有限。我在花園里發(fā)現(xiàn)了早開的紫羅蘭，摘下一些帶給老師……莎莉文老師溫柔地?fù)е?，在我的手上寫著：‘我愛海倫?！裁词菒郏俊覇柕?。她把我拉到身邊，指著我的心臟說(shuō)，‘愛在這里。’……她的話令我非常困惑，因?yàn)橐酝抑挥杏|碰到實(shí)際物體，才能理解它的意思?！盇lthoughthemeaningoflovewasstillnotapparenttoHelen,shekeptontryingtounderstandit.“Ismeltthevioletsinherhandandasked,halfinwords,halfinsigns,aquestionwhichmeant,‘Islovethesweetnessofflowers?’‘No,’saidmyteacher.”盡管對(duì)海倫來(lái)說(shuō)，愛的意義還不明確，但她一直試著理解?！拔衣劻寺勊掷锏淖狭_蘭，半拼寫半比劃地問了個(gè)問題，意思大概是‘愛是花朵的香味嗎？’‘不，’我的老師回答道?！盬henHelenandAnnewereoutsideoneday,Helenfeltthewarmthofthesun’srays.Shepointedupandaskedifthatwaslove.Whenherteachersaidthatitwasn’t,shewasconfusedanddisappointed.“Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.”一天和老師在室外，海倫感受到了陽(yáng)光的溫暖。她指了指太陽(yáng)，問老師那是不是愛，老師說(shuō)不是，海倫感到更困惑了，而且有些失望?！拔矣X得很奇怪，因?yàn)槲业睦蠋煵荒芙o我表示什么是愛?！盚owAnnetaughtHelenthefourwordsFortheword“think”WhenHelenwastryingtosolveadifficultproblem,Anne_____________________________________________________________.Inaflash,Helen_______________________________________________________________________.touchedHelen’sforeheadandwrotetheword“think”onherheadknewthatthewordwasthenameoftheprocessthatwasgoingoninherheadn.

額，前額Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbecauseitissuchanabstractconcept.However,onedayasshewasworkingonasimpletask,shehadabreakthrough.ShewasmakingnecklaceswiththehelpofAnnewhenshenoticedthatshehadmadesomemistakes.Becauseshewasuncertainhowtofixthem,shestoppedtothinkcarefully.Asshedidthis,AnnetouchedHelen’sforeheadandwrotetheword“think”onherhand.“InaflashIknewthatthewordwasthenameoftheprocessthatwasgoingoninmyhead.”“think”這個(gè)詞對(duì)海倫來(lái)說(shuō)也很難理解，因?yàn)樗艹橄蟆Ｈ欢幸惶?，在做一?xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)時(shí)，她取得了突破。她正在安妮的幫助下做項(xiàng)鏈，這時(shí)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己犯了一些錯(cuò)。海倫不確定該如何解決，便停下來(lái)認(rèn)真思考。在她思考的時(shí)候，安妮點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)海倫的額頭，在她的手上寫“think”這個(gè)詞?！八查g我就明白了，我頭腦中進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)就是這個(gè)詞的意思。”那是海倫第一次明白復(fù)雜詞語(yǔ)的意思，她觸摸不到的抽象詞語(yǔ)。這時(shí)，海倫又想起了“l(fā)ove”。她再次思考“l(fā)ove”是什么意思，恰巧這時(shí)太陽(yáng)出來(lái)了。海倫指著太陽(yáng)又問老師那是不是愛。安妮解釋道，愛在某種程度上就像太陽(yáng)和云彩?！癥oucannottouchtheclouds,youknow;butyoufeeltherain...Youcannottouchloveeither;butyoufeelthesweetnessthatitpoursintoeverything.Withoutloveyouwouldnotbehappyorwanttoplay.”Inthatvividmoment,Helenfinallyunderstoodthebeautifultruthoftheword“l(fā)ove”.“你知道嗎，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感覺到雨……你也觸摸不到愛，但是你能感覺到愛給萬(wàn)物帶來(lái)的甜蜜。沒有愛，你就不會(huì)快樂，也不會(huì)想玩耍?！本驮谀莻€(gè)動(dòng)人的時(shí)刻，海倫終于明白了“l(fā)ove”這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)蘊(yùn)含的美麗的真諦。afelthopeandjoybfeltpuzzledchadabreakthroughdthoughtitwasagameegottheworldofwordsopeneduptoherfunderstoodthebeautifultruthofthewordgknewthemeaningofthewordinaflashhfeltitwasmonkey-likeimitationCompletethediagramabouthowthelearningprocessaffectedHelenbychoosingfromtheexpressions.dollwaterlovethinkhadaburstofunderstandingfeltconfusedanddisappointedafelthopeandjoyegottheworldofwordsopeneduptoherdthoughtitwasagamehfeltitwasmonkey-likeimitationbfeltpuzzledfunderstoodthebeautifultruthofthewordchadabreakthroughgknewthemeaningofthewordinaflashStep3careful-readingStep4Groupwork

Eachgroupchoosesoneword.Thenactoutarole-playofthe“dialogue”betweenHelenandAnne.

Helen’ssuccess？dollwaterlovethinkdeterminedperseverantkindpatientdiligentwillingcreativeIthinkthatHelenwasdeterminedtotrytounderstandaword.ShekeptaskingAnnequestionssothatshecouldunderstandtheword“think”.IthinkAnnewasperseverant,patientandcreativebecauseshekepttryingdifferentwaysandwaitingforHelentodiscoverwhatwordsare.堅(jiān)持不懈的勤奮的Step4GroupworkStep4Groupwork

Helen’ssuccess

Anne-ateacher

Helen-astudenteffort

highambitiontoughintelligentdiligentdevotionuselovecourageoptimisticpatientlynurtureeducationFillintheblankswiththewordsfromthestory.WhenHelenwasyoungshelosthersightandhearing.Withthese1

tohercommunication,Helen’sbehaviourwasoften2

andsometimesshewas3

,stubbornandangrywitha4

tobreakthingswhenshewasnotunderstood.AnneSullivanwasa5

teacher.Anne’stechniquewassimpleand6

.SheputanobjectintoHelen’shandandspeltoutthewordonherotherhand.The7

knowledgeshetaughtHelengaveherhopeandjoy.From“doll”and“water”,Helen’sknowledgeand8

expandedandthischangedher9

process.AsHelengraspedthekeytolanguage,shediscoveredmore10

words.Helennowunderstoodthebeautifultruthoftheword“l(fā)ove”.severeres