動(dòng)詞ing的用法課件

動(dòng)詞-ing形式

的用法現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞的基本形式你知道嗎？那么簡(jiǎn)單，誰(shuí)不知道。是由動(dòng)詞末尾加-ing

形式構(gòu)成，因此又叫動(dòng)詞的-ing

形式。V+-ingThe–ingform構(gòu)成：1.一般情況rain------2.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞hope-----3.重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞

stop-----4.以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞

die-----lie---tie----raininghopingstoppingdyinglyingtying千萬(wàn)要注意V-ing形式的規(guī)則喲！不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。還有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。歸納總結(jié)：◆動(dòng)詞-ing是____________________中的一種，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，能在句中做除______之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)等?！粼谡Z(yǔ)態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞-ing表示_____（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。在時(shí)間上，動(dòng)詞-ing一般表示______（正在進(jìn)行/已經(jīng)完成）的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)形式謂語(yǔ)主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)類別

及物動(dòng)詞形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone一般式與完成式的時(shí)間意義

1.

Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.2.

HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,

Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.

–ing形式的完成式所表示的時(shí)間在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前

–ing形式的一般式所表示的時(shí)間與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞無(wú)明顯的先后順序作主語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞Teachingismyfull-timejob.WritinganEnglishcompositionisnoteasy.It’suselesstakingthiskindofmedicine.歸納：常用-ing形式作主語(yǔ)的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是沒(méi)益/用處的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的Thereisnodoing無(wú)法……，不允許……Thereisnosenseindoing做、、、沒(méi)有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干、、、無(wú)意義Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing沒(méi)有比、、、更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干、、、無(wú)意義我們不知道要去哪兒。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.

做這件傻事毫無(wú)意義。

Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.

和夏洛克爭(zhēng)辯是沒(méi)有什么用的。ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock．這事值得去做。It’sworthmakingtheeffort．若要人不知，除非己莫為。Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。

Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.作表語(yǔ)（1）動(dòng)名詞Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.（2）現(xiàn)在分詞Theplayisexciting.≠Excitingistheplay.Thestoryhetolduswasveryinteresting.≠I(mǎi)nterestingwasthestoryhetoldus.作賓語(yǔ)1.只接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞：避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期avoid/miss/delay/postpone建議完成多練習(xí)suggest/advise/finish/complete/practice喜歡想象禁不住enjoy/imagine/can’thelp承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒admit/deny/envy逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫寬恕escape/risk/forgive/excuse忍受保持不介意stand/keep/mind允許感激和考慮allow/permit/appreciate/consider明白鼓勵(lì)要禁止understand/encourage/forbid2.意義一致Like/hate/begin/start/love/continue/preferLiketodo

具體的將來(lái)的一次的Likedoing

習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性的Ilikeplayingfootball.Iliketoplayfootballthisafternoon.3.意義不一致remember/forget/regret

Iforgottopostyourletter.未做

Iforgotpostingyourletter.做了B.mean/tryMeantodo

打算meandoing

意味著Trytodo

努力trydoing

試著C.stop/goon

stoptodo

另一件stopdoing

同一件D.need/want/requireTheflowersneedwatering.

Doing用主動(dòng)Theflowersneedtobewatered.

tobedone用被動(dòng)接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的詞組有：

admitto

prefer…to

beusedto

leadto

devoteoneselfto

sticktolookforwardto(to為介詞）nogood,

nouse,

It‘sworth…,

aswellas,can’thelp,

It‘snouse/good

betiredofbefondof

beafraidof

beproudof

holdoff

putoff

keepon

insistonsetabout

besuccessfulin

goodat

takeupgiveup

prevent…from…

thinkof/about作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.能跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有這些，看看有什么好方法可以將它們記住：make、let、have、lookat、see、watch、hear、listento、notice、feel。對(duì)了，用“三讓、三看、兩聽(tīng)、注意感覺(jué)”。多簡(jiǎn)單?、艅?dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示性質(zhì)或用途。awashingmachine＝amachineforwashingaswimmingpool＝apoolforswimmingThisisanewwashingmachine.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)⑵現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作。如果是單詞，放在被修飾的名詞前；如果是短語(yǔ)，放就放在被修飾的名詞之后。adevelopingcountry＝acountrywhichisdevelopingasleepingboy＝aboywhoissleepingThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。表時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨（方式）等。Hearingthecryforhelp,herushedout.（時(shí)間）Beingill,hewenthome.（原因）Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET98)（結(jié)果）Hereadamagazinewaitingforthebus.（伴隨）

Seeingfromthehill,youcangetthewholetown.(條件）Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,

Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.The–ingformusedasanadverbial.Having+pastparticiple(theperfect-ingform)torefertoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb.觀察下列2個(gè)句子,體會(huì)havingdone與doing的不同的用法(1)Havingwritten

theletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.(2)

Seeing

thebeautifulsight,thechildrenfeltexcited.總結(jié):①②V-ingdoinghavingdone表動(dòng)作有先有后表動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生一般式完成式1.分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果不一致，必須用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，也就是在分詞前面加上它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。1.Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,you’llfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.

2.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.3.

Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.分析:前兩例中,-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)均為主句的主語(yǔ)。最后一例中havinggone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是thetrain。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:not+-ing形式,無(wú)論在完成式還是被動(dòng)式里,not必須置于-ing形式之前。如:

Nothavingfinishedhishomework,theboywasstilldoingitintheclassroom.2.-ing形式的否定式。根據(jù)這個(gè)性質(zhì),我們?cè)谑褂?ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),切記不要在前面或后面的句子前用連詞連接。如:

Walking

on

the

fallen

leaves

in

autumn,

so

you’ll

feel

very

comfortable.(×)3.

-ing形式(短語(yǔ))的功能有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。

分析:如前所述,-ing形式短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,所以后半句中的連詞so的使用是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)該去掉。原句應(yīng)改為:

Walking

on

the

fallen

leaves

in

autumn,

you’ll

feel

very

comfortable.

歷年高考題1.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself____.(NMET9134)A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard

2.Onafternoon,MrsGreenwenttothemarket,____somebananasandvisitedhercousin.(NMET9123)A.boughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.writing

3.--Iusuallygotherebytrain.--Whynot____byboatforachange?(NMET9214)A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing

4.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(MET9239)A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived5.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?(MET9317)A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking

6.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.(MET9324)

A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.Turn

7.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(MET9334)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented

8.---Imustapologizefor____aheadoftime.---That’sallright.(MET9421)A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow

9.

Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(NMET9422)A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding

10.Themissingboyswerelastseen____neartheriver.(NMET9425)A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay

11.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET9434)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

12.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret____that.(NMET9526)A.todob.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone

13.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.(NMET9535)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto

14.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---____hernewbicycle.(97上海13)A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing

15.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.

(97上海12)A.tocleanB.cleani