山東省濱州市2022-2023學年高二年級下冊7月期末英語 含解析

濱州市2022-2023學年高二下學期考試

英語試題

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

1.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?

A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.

2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.

3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice

4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?

A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.

5.WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?

A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小

題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對話，回答第6至7題。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?

A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.

聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelanangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.

B.Byhiscommunicationskills.

C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?

A.Startanewposition.

B.Packhisbelongings.

C.Attendameeting.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.

B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.

C.Preparingfbrapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Reviewanexpensereport.

BProvidethemanwithsupplies.

C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?

A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?

A.It'sprivate.

B.Ifsfamilyfriendly.

C.It'srequestedbythecharity.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Organizesomeactivities

B.Contributesomemoney.

C.Contactsomebands.

17.Whatistheevent'spurpose?

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.

B.Tohelpananimalshelter.

C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.

聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至20題。

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.

B.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.

C.ShewasinspiredbyherArabiclecturer.

19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?

A.Beinginvitedtoameal.

B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.

C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreelychoosefromthebesthotels

inthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.

HotelliVille

HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.Villeissuitableforbusinesstravelers

andanyonetravelingaloneorinsmallgroups.HotelliVilleofferswell-equippedrooms.HotelVillatreatsgueststo

thesimplepleasuresoflife,eachroomhavingitsownTV,microwaveoven,mini-fridge,coffeemakerandelectric

kettle.€75foronenight.

GrandHotelTammer

Enjoyneoclassicalelegancehere!Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunningaccommodationby

theTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,withinwalking

distanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.Yourllfindpublictransportationoptionslessthanakilometerfrom

thehotel,andTampere-PirkkalaAirportisjusta15-minutedriveaway.€99foronenight

ScandicTampereStation

It'samodernandtrendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaanda

lovingsummerterrace.Wealsoofferaprivatecarparkwith53spaces,aswellasfreewirelessInternetthroughout

thewholehotel.Freebreakfastisoffered.€128foronenight.

OriginalSokosHotelVilla

ThecompletelyrenovatedandairconditionedSokosHotelVillaisamodern6-storeyhotellocatedinanold

grainstorageontheTullintorisquare.Arenovationhasbroughtacompletelynewdesignforthehotefsrooms,

lobbyandbar,aswellasrenewedbathroomsandelectrics.Villaisasmallhotelwithbigservices.Comeandrelax

inthelovelyOriginalSokosHotelVilla!€132foronenight.

1.WhatconveniencecanyoufindinbothHotelliVilleandScandicTampereStation?

A.FreeInternetaccess.B.Stunningaccommodation.

C.Breakfastwithoutextrapay.D.Privilegedlocationinthecitycenter.

2.Whichcanyouchooseifyouwantahotelwithabeautifulnaturalview?

A.HotelliVille.B.GrandHotelTammer.

C.ScandicTampereStation.D.OriginalSokosHotelVilla.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toguide.B.Todescribe.

C.Tocompare.D.Toadvertise.

【答案】l.D2.B3.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是應用文。文章介紹了芬蘭的第二大大都市-坦佩雷最受歡迎的四個酒店。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotelliVille中的"HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.

（HotelliVille是一家自助酒店位于坦佩雷的中心。）”以及ScandicTampereStation**It'samodernand

trendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaandalovingsummerterrace.

（坦佩雷火車站這是一家現(xiàn)代時尚的城市酒店，位于坦佩雷市中心，擁有輕松時尚的酒吧、健身房、桑拿

浴室和可愛的夏季露臺。）”可知，在hoteltelliVille和坦佩雷站方便之處是位于市中心的優(yōu)越位置。故選

D。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandHotelTammer中的“Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunning

accommodationbytheTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,

withinwalkingdistanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.（它坐落在兩個湖泊之間，在塔默科斯基急流

旁提供令人驚嘆的住宿。建于1929年，這家精品酒店站在歷史悠久的河邊地區(qū)，步行距離內(nèi)的幾個博物

館和市場廣場。）”可知，如果你想要一個擁有美麗自然景觀的酒店，你可以選擇GrandHotelTammer,

故選B（.

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreely

choosefromthebesthotelsinthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.（歡迎來到坦佩雷，芬蘭的第二大大都

市。您可以在我們的網(wǎng)站上自由選擇本市最好、最受歡迎的酒店。）”可知，本文的寫作目的是為了給四

個酒店做廣告。故選D。

Oneevening,RachelLapierreboughta$4scratchticketwhilepickingupgroceries.Afteranexhaustingday,

sheneededsomethingtoliftherspirits.The46-year-oldmotheroffourwaswearingherselfthinasanearlyfull-

timeemergencyroomnurseandpart-timevolunteeraidworker.

Shelongedtobeabletoonedayquitnursingjobandfocusonthevolunteerworkshefoundmostfulfilling.

Shevowedtoherselfthatifsheeverwonthelotterythat'swhatshewoulddo.

Lapierrewenthomeandscratchedherticket,revealingthreesunnyfaces.Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecoffice

informedherthatshehadwonalumpsumofS675,000or$1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknow

myself/'shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhavemeltedlikesnowinthesun.”

Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughher

passionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity

LeBook,asLapierre,now62,affectionatelycallsit,beganasasimplelistofgooddeeds.Toher,thedeeds

werejustsmallactsofkindness—buyingclothesforafamilyofnewlyarrivedimmigrants,deliveringamealtoan

isolatedseniororgivingmedicalattentiontosomeonelivingonthestreets.

“LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,saysMartyne,52.Theformer

special-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletoworksincegettingsickinMarch2020.

MartyneisnowonLeBook'sfooddeliveryroute."Withcourtesyandnojudgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatwe

need,^^shesays.

“Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect,saysLapierre."Onegooddeedcanaffect10people.So

ifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.^^

4.WhydidLapierrechoose$1,000aweekforlifeinsteadofalumpsum?

A.Alumpsumwaslikelytovanishlikesnow.

B.Shewantedtomakebetteruseofthemoney.

C.Shehadnoideahowtospendalargefortune.

D.Shewasafraidthemoneywouldbeeasilystolen.

5.WhyisthestoryofMartynementioned?

A.ToexplainhowLeBookworks.

B.ToshowLeBook'sgreatinfluence.

C.Totellpeoplehermiserableexperience.

D.ToappealtomorepeopletojoinLeBook.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLapierre?

A.Generousandkind二hearted.B.Committedandcourageous.

C.Determinedandhumble.D.Energeticandcreative.

7.WhatcanbeinferredfromLapierre'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Manyhandsmakelightwork.B.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand.

C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.

【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了刮刮彩票中獎的拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護士的工作，并通過她

的項目“LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，她認為一件好事可以影響十個人。如果我們都做一件好

事就可以拯救世界。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecofficeinformedherthatshehadwonalumpsumof

675,000。r1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknowmyself,“shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhave

meltedlikesnowinthesun.”（第二天，樂透魁北克辦事處通知她，她贏得了67.5萬美元的一次性獎金，即

終身每周1000美元。她選擇了后者?！拔伊私馕易约?，”她說?！罢P錢會像陽光下的雪一樣融

化?！埃?和第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelping

othersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity（拉皮埃爾

信守諾言，辭去了護士的工作，并通過她的熱情項目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，該項目已成

為一家注冊慈善機構(gòu)）”推知，拉皮埃爾選擇每周1000美元而不是一次性支付是因為她想更好地利用這

筆錢。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段'"'LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,"

saysMartyne,52.Theformerspecial-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletowork

sincegettingsickinMarch2020.MartyneisnowonLcBook'sfooddeliveryroute.''Withcourtesyandno

judgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatweneed,"shesays.（"LeBook對我和許多弱勢群體產(chǎn)生了巨大的影

響，”52歲的馬蒂娜說。這位前特殊教育技術(shù)人員長期感染新冠病毒，自2020年3月生病以來一直無法

工作。馬蒂娜現(xiàn)在在LeBook的送餐路線上。她說：“LeBook禮貌而不加評判地幫助我們得到了我們需

要的東西?？芍?，提到馬蒂娜的故事為了顯示這本書的巨大影響。故選B。

6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifeto

helpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegistered

charity（拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護士的工作，并通過她的熱情項目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助

他人，該項目已成為一家注冊慈善機構(gòu)）”可知，拉皮埃爾慷慨善良。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段""Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect/saysLapierre.'Onegood

deedcanaffect10people.Soifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.\u當你做了一件好事,它會產(chǎn)

生蝴蝶效應，”拉皮埃爾說?！耙患檬驴梢杂绊懯畟€人。如果我們都做一件好事呢?這可以拯救世

界?？芍?，從拉皮埃爾話可推斷出：眾人拾柴火焰高。故選A。

C

Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,sheapproachesabed,crawlsin,closes

thelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenforatriptoaplanetseverallight-yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershe

wakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhileasleepiscalled"suspendedanimation^^.

Sceneslikethisarethestaplecontentofsciencefiction.Allofthesestorieshavesomethingincommon:People

enteranunconsciousstateinwhichtheycansurviveforalongtime.Nothinglikethisisyetpossibleinthereal

world.Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:Theyhibernate.Thismighthold

somelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspaceflights.

“Ithinkthisisrealistic,vsaysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/itwouldbedonebymakingourselvesas

similaraswecantoahibernator.^^

Asananimalhibernates,itchillsitsbodyandslowsitsheartrateandbreathing.Metabolism（新陳代謝）

alsoslows.Todothis,ananimalmustturnonandoffcertaingeneswhentheyhibernate.Thosegenesdothingslike

controllingwhetherananimalburnssugarsorfatsforfuel.Othergenesareinvolvedinkeepingmusclesstrong.

Humanshavemanyofthesesamegenes.Turningsomeofthesegenesonoroffmightallowhumanstodosomething

similartohibernation.

Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelowfreezing,itissuggestedthat

peoplemighthibernatelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeepbonesandmusclesstrong.

Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.Hibernationcouldcuttheamount

offood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromtheinevitableboredomoflongtripsin

space.

8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Totellreadersastory.B.Togiveadefinition.

C.Tosharescientificknowledge.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this"inparagraph2referto?

A.Humanhibernation.B.Livingforever.

C.Boardingspaceships.D.Animals1suspendedanimation.

10.What'sKatharineGrabek'sattitudetohumanhibernation?

A.Doubtful.B.Critical.

C.Positive.D.Dismissive.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerninghumanhibernation?

A.Itscurrentproblems.B.Itsworkingmechanism.

C.Itsbenefitsforastronauts.D.Itsappealtothescientists.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一些動物和鳥類的冬眠可能會為如何讓未來的宇航員進入冬眠狀態(tài)

以進行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗教訓。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,she

approachesabed,crawlsin,closesthelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenfbratriptoaplanetseverallight-

yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershewakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhile

asleepiscalled'suspendedanimation5.（一名青少年加入了登上宇宙飛船的隊伍。一上船，她就走近一張

床，爬進去，蓋上蓋子睡著了。她的身體被冷凍起來，準備前往距離地球幾光年的星球。幾年后，她醒

了過來，還是老樣子。這種在睡眠中讓生命暫停的能力被稱為“假死”。）”可知，第一段通過講述一

個例子來引出文章的主題：未來的宇航員可以進入冬眠狀態(tài)以進行長期太空飛行。故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:They

hibernate.Thismightholdsomelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspace

flights.（但是一些動物和鳥類有它們自己的假死形式：它們冬眠。這可能會為如何讓未來的宇航員進入冬

眠狀態(tài)以進行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗教訓。）”可知，動物的冬眠會為如何讓未來的宇航員進入冬

眠狀態(tài)以進行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗教訓，this指代人類冬眠。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“'Ithinkthisisrealistic/saysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/Itwouldbe

donebymakingourselvesassimilaraswecantoahibernator/（“我認為這是現(xiàn)實的，”著名生物學家凱瑟

琳?格拉貝克說?！耙龅竭@一點，我們就得把自己變得盡可能像冬眠動物?！保笨芍?，凱瑟琳?格

拉布克對人類冬眠的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelow

freezing,itissuggestedthatpeoplemighthibematelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeep

bonesandmusclesstrong.Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.

Hibernationcouldcuttheamountoffood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromthe

inevitableboredomoflongtripsinspace.（由于一個人可能無法在體溫低于冰點的情況下生存，所以有人建

議人們像熊一樣冬眠。如果人們像熊一樣，冬眠可能有助于保持骨骼和肌肉強壯。這在太空中很重要。

骨骼和肌肉在低重力下容易分解。冬眠可以減少蜜蜂所需的食物、水和氧氣的數(shù)量。它還可以使人們免

于長途太空旅行不可避免的無聊。）”可知，最后一段主要談論關于人類冬眠對宇航員的好處。故選

Co

D

IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.Thistale,whichbecameone

ofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfatherLaius,unconsciously（ormaybe

consciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.LiketheOedipustale,wemayhaveself-prophesiedourdestinyinseveral

aspectsofourlives,whetherpositiveornegative.Forinstance,haveyoueverforeseensomethingthateventually

happenedtoyou?You'renotalone.

Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakes

theirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabeliefaboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyour

actionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,theassumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencing

theirviewsaboutyou.

Foralongtime,self-fulfillingprophecieshavegrabbedtheattentionofsociologyandpsychologyresearchers,

whowanttounderstandhowtheyimpacthumanbehavior.RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstrateda

uniquetypeofself-fulfillingprophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.

Theresearcherstoldteachersthatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe"growthspurts（快速成長）"groupbased

ontheirIQtests.Later,theyretestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth“ordinary”and"growth-spurts”

students,discoveringthatthe“growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.The

Pygmalioneffectshowsthatwhenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthose

expectations.Thismayinfluencetheperson\behavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassic

exampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy.

Self-fulfillingpropheciesaresodeep-rootedinourpsychologyandsocialenvironmentthatweoftendon't

evennoticethattheycaninfluenceouractivitiesregularly,whetherathome,school,orwork.Whenusingself-

fulfillingpropheciestoachievegoals,it'sessentialtohaveapositiveoutlookandtofocusontheactionsyoucan

taketobringaboutthedesiredoutcome.Believingthatyoucansucceedisanessentialpartofmakingithappen.

12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Byquestioningatheory.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bycitingothers'ideas.

13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy?

A.Thosewhoarediligentaremorelikelytosucceed.

B.Oneinsecureabouthisabilitytopasstheexamfailsatlast.

C.Thelowerone'sexpectationsare,thelessdisappointedhewillbe.

D.Agymnastputshermostimpressiveskillattheendoftheroutine.

14.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph3focuson?

A.Thewidegapbetweenstudents.

B.HowIQtestsfunctioninone'sactions.

C.Thedifferenceofpeople'sexpectations.

D.Howothers1expectationsaffectone'sbehavior.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowisthePygmalioneffectappliedintoeducation?

B.Self-fulfillingprophecy:awell-receivedphilosophy.

C.Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?

D.Oedipustale:agoodexampleofself-fulfillingprophecy.

【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。文章講述了自我實現(xiàn)的預言會定期影響我們的活動，無論是在家里、學校還是

工作中。當使用自我實現(xiàn)的預言來實現(xiàn)目標時，有一個積極的前景和關注你可以采取的行動來實現(xiàn)預期

的結(jié)果是至關重要的。相信自己能成功是成功的關鍵。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.

Thistale,whichbecameoneofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfather

Laius,unconsciously（ormaybeconsciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.（如果你對希臘神話感興趣，你可能聽說

過俄狄浦斯的故事。這個故事成為自我實現(xiàn)預言的最好例子之一，它展示了俄狄浦斯和他的父親拉伊俄

斯是如何無意識地（或者可能是有意識地?）展示了他們的命運）”并結(jié)合下文對預言會影響我們的活動，幫

助實現(xiàn)目標的介紹推知，作者通過舉例來介紹主題。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousor

unconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.（自我實現(xiàn)的預言是指一個人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意

識或無意識的行為，使他們的想法成真）”可知，一個對自己能否通過考試沒有信心的人最終失敗了，這

是一個自我實現(xiàn)預言的例子。故選B。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstratedauniquetypeofself-fulfilling

prophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.Theresearcherstoldteachers

thatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe“growthspurts（快速成長）“groupbasedontheirIQtests.Later,they

retestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth"ordinary"and"growth-spurts“students,discoveringthatthe

"growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.ThePygmalioneffectshowsthat

whenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthoseexpectations.Thismay

influencetheperson'sbehavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassicexampleofasei足

fulfillingprophecy.（（RobertRosenthal和（LenoreJacobson通過在教室里對兒童進行的實驗，展示了一種獨

特的自我實現(xiàn)預言：皮格馬利翁效應。研究人員告訴老師，他們的一些學生是“快速成長”的一部分。

根據(jù)智商測試得出的結(jié)論后來，他們重新測試了這些學生，并收集了“普通”學生和“快速成長”學生

的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)“快速成長”學生的表現(xiàn)要比“普通”學生好得多。皮格馬利翁效應表明，當你對別人產(chǎn)

生期望時，你很可能會基于這些期望來對待他們。這可能會影響一個人的行為，他會根據(jù)這種期望行

事，成為自我實現(xiàn)預言的典型例子）”可知，實驗關注的是別人的期望如何影響一個人的行為。故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段uAself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson^beliefgeneratesa

consciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabelief

aboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyouractionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,the

assumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencingtheirviewsaboutyou.（自我實現(xiàn)的預言是指一個

人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意識或無意識的行為，使他們的想法成真。這就像一個循環(huán)。你對別人和你自己

持有一種信念，這種信念會影響你對他們或你自己的行為。對其他人來說，這些假設會影響你對他們的

行為，從而影響他們對你的看法）”可知，文章主要講述了自我實現(xiàn)的預言如何影響人們的生活。C項

v

“Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?符合最佳標題。故選Co

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Theworkplacecanbeaperfectbreeding-groundforfctMisergonian,alsocalleddeskrage（憤怒）.It'sacondition

inwhichaseriesofnoisesanddisorderscausepeopledistress.

SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/'Attentionplease,

attentionplease,vshoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.16Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareof

keyboardthumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.

17"Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade,“ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomake

apoint.Whynotjustsay"Idon'tvalueyourtime?1'

SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.18Yourcursor（光標）isjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyourmousetowardsit,nothing

happens.“Eitheryourcursorisinacomaorthebatteryhasrunout,"oilersupacolleaguehelpfully.Someoneelse

fillsthegap."Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade.^theybegin.

19Itstartsinnocentlyenough,withsomeoneaskingforhelpwithaproblem.Incomeoneortwo

replies,andthensuddenly,ashower,asifnothingelsematteredotherthanansweringthisonequestion.Thereare

repliestoreplies,andrepliestorepliestoreplies.Everyoneseemstobeenjoyingthemselveshugely,butthereis

alwaysasilent,sufferinggroup.

Individualworkershavetheirowntriggers.ThereisnocureforMisergonia.Theworkplaceisacollectionof

peoplekeepingintouchindifferentways.Theirhabitsandnoisesturnintosomethingfamiliarforsomecolleagues

butannoyingforothers.20

A.You'dbetteraskthemforhelp.

B.Andthenthereisthereply-allemail.

COthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.

D.Orthemousethatgivesupatjustthewrongmoment.

E.Nowadays,thecomputerhasbecomeanessentialtool.

F.Theonlyreleaseistotrytobeunderstandingandgetusedtoit.

G.Verbalphrases（口頭禪）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.

【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.F

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了工作場所可能是“桌怒癥”（Misergonia）的完美滋生地。這是一種由

一系列噪音和紊亂引起的病癥。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/Attention

please,attentionplease/shoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.（聲音通常是“桌怒癥”的誘因。例行的

火警警報測試就是一個很好的例子?！罢堊⒁?，請注意，”一個讓人無法忽視的聲音喊道。）”可知，

這是一種無法忽視的“桌怒癥”聲音。以及空后“Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareofkeyboard

thumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.（例如，每個

辦公室都有敲鍵盤的人，他們的目標似乎不是制作文件，而是破壞設備。）”可知，這里舉例一些讓人

討厭的聲音。CuOthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.（其他的聲音沒有那么大，但同樣令人

討厭。）”符合語境。故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“'Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade/ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomakea

point.Whynotjustsay4Idon*tvalueyourtime7,（"這是一個已經(jīng)有人提出的觀點?！逼婀值氖?，大量的人

開始提出一個觀點。為什么不直接說“我不珍惜你的時間”呢？）”，可知，這里講述的是讓“桌怒

癥”患者頭痛的口頭語。G項Verbalphrases（口頭禪）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.（口

頭禪是“桌怒癥”患者的另一個頭痛問題。）”符合語境。故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.（小的IT故障是辦公室生活的一個事實，但它們?nèi)匀豢梢源輾ъ`魂。打印機壞了。）”可知，這是

硬件出現(xiàn)了故障。以及空后“Yourcursorisjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyo