2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)概要寫作animal testing課件

AnimalTesting

第一段Antibiotics,insulin,organtransplantation,HIVtreatmentsandheart-bypasssurgeries—itreadslikeanAtoZofmedicalprogress.Butthemajorprogresshassomethingincommon:theywerealldevelopedandtestedbyusinganimals.Actually,animalsareusedforresearchinavarietyofsettings.Whetherornothumansshoulduseanimalsfortestingpurposes,however,isacontroversialtopic.1.主題句？2.主題句能不能引領(lǐng)全文？概要寫作要有一句話統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文！3.類似的段落以前概要寫作遇到過嗎？Everybodyhasdifferentopinionsaboutpunishingchildren.1.Peopleholdvariousviewstowardspunishingchildren.(同義替換)2.語料庫積累Opinions/viewsonstharedivided.Opinions/viewsonsthdifferamongpeople.Opinions/viewsonsthvaryfrompersontopersonMixedopinions/viewsexiston...得出：Opinionsonpunishingchildrenvaryfrompersontoperson.類似2

概要寫作：PsychologicalExperimentsinAnimals

Despitethevalueofresearchwithanimalparticipants,theuseofanimalsinpsychologicalresearchishighlycontroversial.Forexample,somecriticsbelievethatanimalshaverightsnolesssignificantthanthoseofhumans,andthatbecauseanimalsareunabletoagreetoparticipationinstudies,theiruseisnotmoral.Othersobjecttotheuseofanimalsonmethodological(方法論的)grounds,sayingitisimpossibletogeneralizefromfindingonnonhumanspeciestohumans.要點(diǎn)：Theuseofanimalsinpsychologicalexperimentshascausedalotofdiscussionanddisagreementinthepublic.《考試說明》概要寫作Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.要點(diǎn)：1.Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.2.Peopleholddifferentviewstowardsdirtonourskin.由以上三個例子可得本段要點(diǎn)可以表達(dá)為Opinionsontheuseofanimalsintestingpurposesaredivided.或Whetheranimalsshouldbeusedfortestingpurposescausesalotofdiscussion.或Peopleholddifferentviewstowardstheuseofanimalsintestingpurposes.類似的要點(diǎn)句還可以這樣改寫：1.Itiscontroversialwhetheranimalsshouldbeusedfortestingpurposes.2.Differentargumentsariseaboutwhetheranimalsshouldbeusedfortestingpurposes.第二段Animaltestingallowsresearcherstodevelopnewmedicineandtreatments,advancingthefieldofmedicineandimprovingthehealthofsociety.Forexample,manydrugsusedtotreatorpreventcancer,HIV,diabetes,etc,haveresultedfromtestsperformedonanimals.Manyadvocatorsofanimaltestingsupportthepracticeforthisreason,eveniftheydonotsupporttesting,cosmeticsorothernon-essentialsubstancesonanimals.Noonechoosestouseanimalswherethereinnoneed.Infact,animalresearchhascontributedto70percentofNobelprizesforphysiologyormedicine.1.有沒有主題句？2.主題句后面的Forexample需要概括嗎？

examplesanddetails大膽舍去！由此可得本段要點(diǎn)Animaltestingcausesthemedicaldevelopmentandtheimprovementofhuman'shealth.所以要點(diǎn)句可以改寫為1.Animaltestingcontributesagreatdealtothemedicaldevelopmentandtheimprovementofhuman'shealth.2.Animaltestingisthecontributingfactorwhymedicinedevelopsandhuman'shealthimprovesalot.3.Onaccountofanimaltesting,newmedicineisdevelopedandhuman'shealthconditionispromoted.4.Animaltestingmakesitpossibletodevelopnewmedicineandpromotehuman'shealth.第三段Animaltestingalsoenablesscientistsandresearcherstotestthesafetyofmedicineandothersubstanceswithwhichhumanshaveregularcontact.Drugs,forexample,maycreatesignificantriskstohumans,sotestingthem

onanimalsfirstgivesresearchersachancetodeterminetheirsafetybeforehumantrialsareperformed.Whilescientistsunderstandthedifferencesbetweenhumansandanimals,thesimilaritiesareconsideredsignificantenoughtoproducerelevantdatathattheycanthenapplytohumans.This,animaltestingreducesharmtohumansandsaveslives,notonlybecausetheexposuretoriskysubstancesisminimized,butbecausesomenewmedicineandtreatmentshavepositiveeffectsonhumans'overallqualityoflife.1.開頭第一句是不是要點(diǎn)句？能不能概括整段內(nèi)容？2.本段的要點(diǎn)句是哪一句？3.最后一句話這么長，如何縮寫？用介詞短語替換從句的形式，可以縮短句子。由此可得要點(diǎn)句Animaltestingreducesharmtohumansandsaveslives

byminimizingtheexposuretoriskysubstancesandusing

somenewmedicine改寫要點(diǎn)句1.Animaltestinglessensharmtohumansandevensaveslivesbyreducingtheriskofusingmedicineandothersubstances.2.Animaltestinglessensharmtohumansandevenprotectshuman'slivesbyloweringtheriskofusingmedicineandothersubstances.3.Animaltestinglessensharmtohumansandevenprotectshuman'slivesbyriddingpeopleoftheriskofusing

medicineandothersubstances.第四段However,asignificantnumberofanimalsareharmedordieasaresultofexperimentsandtesting.Unfortunately,manyofthesubstancesusedonanimalsubjectsneverreceiveapprovalforhumanuseorconsumption.Thosewhoopposeanimaltestingconsiderthisaveryimportantpoint,becausesavinghumansfromsufferingisnoexcuseforthedeathoflaboratoryanimals.1.有沒有要點(diǎn)句？2.由neverreceiveapproval與oppose可知，另一要點(diǎn)元素為“opposeanimaltesting”3.將以上要點(diǎn)元素整合成要點(diǎn)句。由此可得要點(diǎn)句

Somepeopleopposeanimaltestingbecauseasignificantnumberofanimalsareharmedordieasaresultofexperimentsandtesting.需要restate的語言有oppose：asignificantnumberof：harmordie：asaresultof：oppose：復(fù)習(xí)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類語料庫asignificantnumberof：alargenumberof；alargequantityof；agreatmany；anenormousnumberofharmordie：causeharmto;beharmfulto；causedeath;asaresultof：becasueof;dueto;onaccountof;asaconsequenceof因此要點(diǎn)句可以改寫成Somepeopleareagainstanimaltestingbecauseitcausesharmevendeathto

anenormousnumberofanimalsdueto

experimentsandtesting.或Somepeopleareopposedtoanimaltestingbecauseexperimentsandtesting

causeharmevendeathto

alargequantityofanimals.文章結(jié)構(gòu)第一段：Topicsen