英國人口統(tǒng)計(jì)分析報(bào)告（英文版）-2024年1月上傳培訓(xùn)課件

POLITICS

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SOCIETYDemographicsoftheUKCHAPTER

01OverviewPopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1871to2021PopulationoftheUK1871-202170,000,00065,000,00060,000,00055,000,00050,000,00045,000,00040,000,00035,000,00030,000,00025,000,0003Description:In2021,thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomreached67million,comparedwith63.3milliontenyearsearlierin2011.Thepopulationhasmorethandoubledsince1871whenjustunder31.5millionlivedintheUKandhasgrownbyaround8.2millionsincethestartofthetwenty-firstcentury.Formostofthetwentiethcentury,theUKpopulationsteadilyincreased,withtwonoticeabledropsinpopulationoccurringduringWorldWarOne(1914-1918)andinWorldWarTwo(1939-1945).ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1871to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualpopulationgrowthoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1970to2020PopulationgrowthintheUK1970-20201.0%0.8%0.6%0.4%0.2%0.0%-0.2%4Description:ThepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomgrewby0.43percentin2020,theslowestannualgrowthratesince2002,whentheUKpopulationalsogrewby0.43percent.Between1970and2020,theUKpopulationgrewatitsfastestratein2011(0.84percent)andshrankthemostin1982(-0.12percent.)ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1970to2020Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1953to2020,bygenderPopulationoftheUK1953-2020,bygenderMalesFemales35,000,00033,000,00031,000,00029,000,00027,000,00025,000,00023,000,0005Description:In2020thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasover67million,with33.94millionfemalesand33.15millionmales.Since1953,themalepopulationoftheUKhasgrownbyaround8.85million,andthefemalepopulationhasincreasedbyapproximately7.67million.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1953to2020Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2021,byagePopulationoftheUK2021,byage1,000,000900,000800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,00006Description:In2021,therewereestimatedtobe936,622peoplewhowereaged56intheUnitedKingdom,themostofanyageinthisyear.Thenextmostcommonagewas54,and55respectively.Thisparticulargroupofpeoplewereborninthemid1960sandaretheyoungestmembersofthebabyboomergeneration,thelargedemographicbornintheyearsaftertheSecondWorldWar.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2021,byagegroupPopulationoftheUK2021,byagegroup5,000,0004,500,0004,000,0003,500,0003,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,00000-45-910-14

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90andover7Description:In2021,therewereestimatedtobeover4.65millionpeopleagedbetween30and34intheUnitedKingdom,themostofanyagegroup.Thenextmostcommonagegroupinthisyearwasforthoseagedbetween50and54,at4.64million.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1990to2021,bygenerationPopulationoftheUK1990-2021,bygenerationGreatestGeneration*SilentGeneration*BabyBoomersGenerationXMillennialsGenerationZGenerationAlpha80,000,00070,000,00060,000,00050,000,00040,000,00030,000,00020,000,00010,000,00008Description:In2021,therewereapproximately14.4millionmillennialsintheUnitedKingdom,makingitthelargestgenerationalcohortatthattime.MillennialssurpassedtheBabyBoomergenerationasthelargestgenerationforthefirsttimein2020.GenerationXareasof2021thesecond-largestgenerationhereat14millionpeople,withtheirparent'sgeneration,theSilentGenerationnumberingaround5.5millionpeoplein2020.Asofthatyear,therewereestimatedtobe267,430people[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1990to2021;*Datafor2021doesnotyetincludethoseagedover89forthesegenerationsGenerationsaredefinedasbeingborninthefollowingyears(asofmid-year)

GenerationAlpha:2013-2020

GenerationZ:[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2021,byregionPopulationoftheUK2021,byregionEstimatedmid-yearpopulationSouthEastLondon9,294,0238,796,628NorthWest7,422,295EastEnglandWestMidlandsSouthWest6,348,0965,954,2405,712,8405,481,4315,479,9004,880,094YorkshireandtheHumberScotlandEastMidlandsWales3,105,4102,646,772NorthEastNorthernIreland1,904,5639Description:ThepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasestimatedtohavebeenover67millionin2021,withalmost9.3millionofthesepeoplelivinginSouthEastEngland.Londonhadthenexthighestpopulation,at8.8millionpeople,followedbytheNorthWestat7.4million.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualpopulationgrowthintheUnitedKingdomin2020,byregionPopulationgrowthintheUKin2020,byregionAnnualpopulationgrowthSouthWestEastMidlandsLondon0.6%0.6%0.5%0.5%0.5%0.5%EastWalesWestMidlandsSouthEast0.4%0.4%0.4%0.4%0.4%NorthEastNorthWestYorkshireAndTheHumberUnitedKingdomNorthernIreland0.1%Scotland

0%10Description:In2020,thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasestimatedtohavegrownbyapproximately0.4percent,withthepopulationgrowingfastestintheSouthWestandEastMidlands,whichreportedgrowthratesof0.6percentinthisyear.Bycontrast,growthinNorthernIrelandandScotlandwasbelowtheUKaverage,atjust0.1percentandzeropercent,respectively.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2019Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)MedianageofthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom2001to2021MedianageofthepopulationoftheUK2001-202141.040.740.440.540.039.539.038.538.037.540.340.1

40.140404039.939.839.639.539.339.23938.938.738.638.438.137.92001

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202111Description:In2021,themedianageofthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomreached40.7years,comparedwith37.9yearsin2001.TheaverageageoftheUKpopulationhasbeenincreasingthroughoutthistimeperiod,althoughbetween2014and2016themedianageremainedat40.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2001to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)MedianageofthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2021,byregionMedianageofthepopulationoftheUK2021,byregionMedianageofthepopulation05101520253035404550UnitedKingdomSouthWest40.744.1Wales43.142.542.241.8NorthEastScotlandSouthEastEastEnglandEastMidlandsYorkshireandtheHumberNorthWest41.741.640.740.640.3WestMidlandsNorthernIrelandLondon39.835.912Description:ThemedianageofthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2021was40.7years,withSouthWestEnglandhavingtheoldestaverageage,at44.1years,andLondonhavingtheyoungest,at35.9years.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofpeoplepersquarekilometerintheUnitedKingdomin2021,byregionPopulationdensityintheUKin2021,byregionNumberofpeoplepersquarekm2,000

3,00001,0004,0005,0006,000UnitedKingdomLondon2765,596NorthWest526487SouthEastWestMidlandsYorkshireandtheHumberEastEnglandNorthEast458356332308312EastMidlandsSouthWest24015014170WalesNorthernIrelandScotland13Description:Asof2021,thepopulationdensityfortheUnitedKingdomwas276peoplepersquarekilometer,withLondonhavingbyfarthehighestnumberofpeoplepersquarekm,at5,596peoplepersquarekm.OfthecountrieswhichmakeuptheUnitedKingdom,Englandthemostdenselypopulatedat434peoplepersquarekilometer.Scotland,bycontrast,isthemostsparselypopulatedcountryintheUnitedKingdom,withonly70peoplepersquarekilometer.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)LargesturbanagglomerationsintheUnitedKingdomin2020LargestcitiesintheUKin2020EstimatedpopulationLondon9,304,016ManchesterBirminghamLeeds2,730,0762,607,4371,889,0951,673,332GlasgowSouthampton/PortsmouthLiverpool927,916901,708NewcastleuponTyneSheffield809,481730,158Belfast630,632Brighton606,909Leicester552,178Edinburgh536,77514Description:LondonwasbyfarthelargesturbanagglomerationintheUnitedKingdomin2020,withanestimatedpopulationof9.3millionpeople,morethanthreetimesaslargeasManchester,theUK`ssecondbiggesturbanagglomeration.TheEnglishcitiesofBirminghamandLeedshadthethirdandfourthlargestpopulationsrespectively,whilethebiggestcityinScotland,Glasgowwasthefifthlargest.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2019Source(s):UnitedNationsCHAPTER

02Births&fertilityNumberoflivebirthsintheUnitedKingdomfrom1887to2021NumberoflivebirthsintheUK1887-20211,200,0001,100,0001,000,000900,000800,000700,000600,00016Description:Therewere694,685livebirthsrecordedintheUnitedKingdomin2021,comparedwith681,560inthepreviousyear.Between1887and2021theyearwiththehighestnumberoflivebirthswas1920whentherewereapproximately1.13millionbirths,whiletheyearwiththefewestbirthswas1977,whentherewerejust657,038births.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1887to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CrudebirthrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1938to2021CrudebirthrateintheUK1938-20212321191715131197517Description:In2021thelivebirthrateoftheUnitedKingdomfellto10.4birthsper1,000population,thelowestithadbeenduringthistimeperiod.From2010onwardsthebirthrateintheUnitedKingdomdeclinedsteadily,afterreachingahighof12.9.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1938to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)TotalfertilityrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1961to2021TotalfertilityrateintheUK1961-20213.53.02.52.01.51.0196119631965196719691971197319751977197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013201520172019202118Description:In2021,thetotalfertilityrate,intheUnitedKingdomfellto1.53birthsperwoman,comparedwith1.56in2020.Thefertilityrateinthemostrecentyearisthelowestinthisprovidedtimeperiod,andfarbelowthepeakof2.65birthsperwomanrecordedin1964.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1961to2021;*Thetotalfertilityrate(TFR)istheaveragenumberoflivechildrenthatagroupofwomenwouldbeariftheyexperiencedtheage-specificfertilityratesofthecalendarReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)GeneralfertilityrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1971to2021GeneralfertilityrateintheUK1971-202190858075706560555019Description:In2021thegeneralfertilityrateintheUnitedKingdomwas53.6birthsper1,000womenagedbetween15and44,thelowestfertilityratesseeninthistimeperiod.Theratewasatitshighestin1971,whenitwas84.3.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1971to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AverageageofmothersatchildbirthintheUnitedKingdomfrom1938to2021AverageageofmothersintheUK1938-2021UKEngland&Wales31.530.529.528.527.526.525.520Description:Between1991and2021therehasbeenacleartrendofmothershavingchildrenlaterinlifeintheUnitedKingdom,withtheaverageageofmothersintheincreasingfrom27.7in1991to30.9by2021.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1938to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofstillbirthsintheUnitedKingdomfrom1961to2021NumberofstillbirthsintheUK1961-202120,00018,00016,00014,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,0000196119631965196719691971197319751977197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013201520172019202121Description:In2021,therewere2,866stillbirthsrecordedintheUnitedKingdom,228morethaninthepreviousyearwhichwasalsothefewestintheprovidedtimeperiod.Thenumberofstillbirthswashighestin1961,when18,601wererecorded.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1961to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)StillbirthrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1961to2021StillbirthrateintheUK1961-20212520151050196119631965196719691971197319751977197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013201520172019202122Description:In2021,thestillbirthrateoftheUnitedKingdom(numberofstillbirthsper1,000livebirthsandstillbirths)was4.1,comparedwiththepreviousyearwhenitwas3.9,thejoint-lowestratethroughoutthisperiod.Bycontrast,thestillbirthratewashighestin1961,whenitwas19.3.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1961to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CHAPTER

03Death&lifeexpectancyNumberofdeathsintheUnitedKingdomfrom1887to2021NumberofdeathsintheUK1887-2021750,000700,000650,000600,000550,000500,00024Description:Therewere667,479deathsintheUnitedKingdomin2021,comparedwith689,629in2020.Between2003and2011,theannualnumberofdeathsintheUKfellfrom612,085tojustover552,232.Since2011however,theannualnumberofannualdeathsintheUnitedKingdomhassteadilygrown,withthenumberrecordedin2020,thehighestsince1918whentherewere715,246deaths.Bothofthesespikesinthenumberofdeathscanbeattributedtoinfectiousdiseasepandemics.The[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1887to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CrudedeathrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1953to2021DeathrateintheUK1953-202112.512.011.511.010.510.09.59.08.58.025Description:Between1953and2021thedeathrateoftheUnitedKingdomfluctuatedbetweenahighof12.2deathsper1,000peoplein1962andalowof8.7in2011.From2011onwardsthedeathratecreepedupslightlyandin2020,reached10.3deathsper1,000people.In2021,themostrecentyearprovidedhere,thedeathratewas10,adeclineon2020butstillhigherthaninalmosteveryyearinthetwenty-firstcentury.Therecentspikeinthedeathratecorrespondstotheemergenceofthe[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1953to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)LifeexpectancyatbirthintheUnitedKingdomfrom1980/82to2018/20,bygenderLifeexpectancyintheUK1980-2020,bygenderMaleFemale858381797775737169676526Description:In2018/20lifeexpectancyforbothmalesandfemalesatbirthfellwhencomparedto2017-19.Malelifeexpectancyfellfrom79.37yearsin2017/19,to79.04yearsin2018/20,withfemalelifeexpectancyfallingfrom83.06,to82.86.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1980to2020Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualchangeinlifeexpectancyatbirthintheUnitedKingdomfrom1981/83to2017/19,bygender(inweeks)AnnualchangeinlifeexpectancyatbirthintheUK1981-2019MalesFemales2520151050-527Description:Between2017and2019theannualchangeinlifeexpectancyatbirthincreasedbyaround7weeksforwomenandjustover6weeksformen.Duringthisprovidedtime-periodthehighestannualchangeinlifeexpectancyoccurredbetween2009and2011,whenitwasaround20weeksformenand18weeksforwomen.Inmorerecentyearstherehasbeenadecreaseinannualimprovementsinlifeexpectancy,decliningbyhalfaweekforwomeninbetween2015and2017andonlyimproving[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1981to2019Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)InfantmortalityrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1900to2021InfantmortalityrateintheUK1900-202116014012010080604020028Description:In2021,theinfantmortalityrateintheUnitedKingdomwasfourdeathsoneyearper1,000livebirths,oneofthelowestinfantmortalityrateinthisperiod.Infantmortalityhasfallenconsiderablysince1900,whentherewere150infantdeathsper1,000livebirths.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1900to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofinfantdeathsintheUnitedKingdomfrom1900to2021NumberofinfantdeathsintheUK1900-2021180,000160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,000029Description:Therewere2,784infantdeathsintheUnitedKingdomin2021,comparedwith2,620inthepreviousyear.Thenumberofinfantdeathsin2020wasthefewestintheprovidedtimeperiod,especiallycomparedwith1900whentherewere163,470infantdeaths.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1900to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)WeeklynumberofexcessdeathsinEnglandandWalesfromJanuary2020toNovember2023WeeklynumberofexcessdeathsinEnglandandWales2020-202314,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,0000-2,000-4,00030Description:FortheweekendingNovember3,2023,weeklydeathsinEnglandandWaleswereabovethefive-yearaverage,at379excessdeaths.Inlate2022,andearly2023,excessdeathswereelevatedforanumberofweeks,withtheexcessdeathsfigurefortheweekendingJanuary13,2023thehighestsinceFebruary2021.InthemiddleofApril2020,attheheightoftheCoronavirus(COVID-19)pandemictherewerealmost12,000excessdeathsaweekrecordedinEnglandandWales.Itwasnotuntil[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(England,Wales);*ExcessdeathsreferstothenumberofdeathsinthisweekminusaveragenumberofdeathsinEnglandandWalesforthecorrespondingweekinthepreviousfiveyears.

Datafor2020and2021isbased[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CHAPTER

04RegionalPopulationPopulationofEnglandfrom1971to2021PopulationofEngland1971-202159,000,00057,000,00055,000,00053,000,00051,000,00049,000,00047,000,00045,000,0001971

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202132Description:ThepopulationofEnglandwas56.5millionpeoplein2021,comparedwith53.1millionpeopletenyearsearlierin2011.Comparedwith1971thepopulationofEnglandhasgrownbyapproximatelytenmillionpeople.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(England);1971to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationofEnglandin2020,byceremonialcountyPopulationofEnglandin2020,bycountyEstimatedmid-yearpopulationGreaterLondon9,002,488WestMidlandsGreaterManchesterWestYorkshireKent2,939,9272,848,2862,345,2351,868,199HampshireEssex1,856,7781,856,063LancashireMerseysideSouthYorkshireDevon1,515,4871,434,2561,415,0541,209,773Surrey1,199,8701,195,672Hertfordshire33Description:In2020,overninemillionpeoplelivedGreaterLondon,makingitthemostpopulatedcountyinEngland.TheWestMidlands,whichcontainsthelargecityofBirmingham,wasthesecond-largestcountywith2.9millioninhabitants,followedbyGreaterManchesterandthenWestYorkshirewithpopulationsof2.8and2.3million,respectively.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(England);2020;*GreaterLondonisclassedbyofficialstatisticsasaregion,whileWestMidlands,GreaterManchester,WestYorkshire,Merseyside,SouthYorkshireandTyneandWearareMetropolitanCounties.The[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationofScotlandfrom1971to2021PopulationofScotland1971-20215,600,0005,500,0005,400,0005,300,0005,200,0005,100,0005,000,00034Description:In2021thepopulationofScotlandreachedapproximately5.48millionpeople,anincreaseofaround417,000peoplecomparedwith2000.Between1974and2000,thepopulationofScotlandfellby172,600,beforegrowingatarelativelyfastrateafter2000,andsurpassingthe1974populationby2010.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1971to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationofScotlandin2021,bycouncilareaPopulationofScotland2021,bycouncilareaEstimatedmid-yearpopulation0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000GlasgowCityCityofEdinburghFife635,130526,470374,730NorthLanarkshireSouthLanarkshireAberdeenshireHighland341,400322,630262,690238,060227,430AberdeenCityWestLothianRenfrewshire185,580179,940Falkirk160,700PerthandKinrossDumfriesandGalloway153,810148,79035Description:In2021,therewereover635,100peoplelivinginGlasgow,withafurther526,500peoplelivingintheScottishcapital,Edinburgh,thefirstandsecondmost-populatedScottishcouncilareasrespectively.TheregionofFifeisalsoheavilypopulatedwithapproximately374,700peoplelivingthere.TheleastpopulatedareasaretheislandsofScotlandsuchasOrkney,estimatedtohaveonly22,500peoplethere.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationofWalesfrom1971to2021PopulationofWales1971-20213,250,0003,150,0003,050,0002,950,0002,850,0002,750,0002,650,00036Description:ThepopulationofWalesreachedin2021was3.1million,comparedwith3.06milliontenyearsearlierin2011.Wales'populatioonhassteadilyincreasedthroughoutthistimeperiod,andexceededthreemi