2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省蘇州市高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高中英語名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省蘇州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALookingforabig-leafedhouseplantthatwillmakeastatementinyourroomanddecorateyourhome?Ifso,thenyou’vecometotherightplace!PeaceLilyExtremelyeasytolookafter,thispopular,floweringplantisverytolerantandundemanding.Itisabelovedhouseplantforitslarge,glossyovalleavesandunusualwhitespoon-shapedflowers.Typicallybloominginthespring,thislovelyplantcaneffectivelybrightenupalivingspace.AfricanMaskPlantThisindoorplantisasmallerplantwithlargedarkgreenleavesthatareshapedlikeaheart.Nativetotropical(熱帶的)partsofAfrica,itprefershighheatandhighhumidity.Thatcanbesomewhatatrickytaskfortheaverageplantownertoachieveintheirhome,whoislikelytohavetroubleduplicating(復(fù)制)thesesteamyconditions.SnakeplantCommonlyreferredtoasmother-in-law’stongue,itisoneoftheeasiesthouseplantstotakecareof.Withtall,twistingsword-shapedleavesthatgrowupright,ithasair-purifyingcapabilitiesandcanmerrilygrowinalmostdarkcornersofthehouse.Buttheplantispoisonoustodogsandcats,soit’swisetokeepthisplantawayfromthem,ifyourpetsareplantchewers.KentiaPalmCaringfortheKentiaPalmplantisverystraightforward,whichcanbeneglectedforweeksatatime.Quiteenjoyingabitofshade,ithasbigleavesthatgrowfromanarrowbaseandisgreatforfillingacornerwithouttakingupmuchfloor-space.Placeitinfrontofablankwall,anditsarchingfronds(大型復(fù)葉)willcastbeautifulshadows.1.Whichofthefollowingrequiresanexperiencedplantowner?A.PeaceLily.B.AfricanMaskPlant.C.Snakeplant.D.KentiaPalm.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheSnakePlant?A.Itposeslittledangertodogsandcats.B.Itisbetterforpurifyingairthanothers.C.Itgetsitsnamefromapoisonoussnake.D.Itgrowswellinshadyareasofthehouse.3.Whatfeaturedothelistedhouseholdplantsshare?A.Distinctiveleaves.B.Floweringseason.C.Growthtemperature.D.Strikingsize.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾種大葉子的室內(nèi)植物?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)AfricanMaskPlant部分中的“Thatcanbesomewhatatrickytaskfortheaverageplantownertoachieveintheirhome,whoislikelytohavetroubleduplicating(復(fù)制)thesesteamyconditions.(這對于一般的植物主人來說是一個(gè)棘手的任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡芎茈y復(fù)制這些潮濕的環(huán)境)”可推知，AfricanMaskPlant需要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的主人，故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Snakeplant部分中的“Withtall,twistingsword-shapedleavesthatgrowupright,ithasair-purifyingcapabilitiesandcanmerrilygrowinalmostdarkcornersofthehouse.(高大的，曲的劍形葉子直立生長，它有空氣凈化能力，并愉快地生長在房子的幾乎黑暗的角落)”可知，SnakePlant在房子的陰涼處生長得很好。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Lookingforabig-leafedhouseplantthatwillmakeastatementinyourroomanddecorateyourhome?(尋找一種大葉子的室內(nèi)植物，可以在你的房間里發(fā)表聲明，裝飾你的家？)”，PeaceLily部分中的“glossyovalleaves(大而光滑的橢圓形葉子)”，AfricanMaskPlant部分中的“Thisindoorplantisasmallerplantwithlargedarkgreenleavesthatareshapedlikeaheart.(這種室內(nèi)植物是一種較小的植物，大葉子呈心形，呈深綠色)”，Snakeplant部分中的“Withtall,twistingsword-shapedleaves(長著高大彎曲的劍形葉子)”和KentiaPalm部分中的“ithasbigleaves...itsarchingfronds(大型復(fù)葉)willcastbeautifulshadows.(它有大葉子……它拱形的葉子會投下美麗的影子)”可知，這幾種植物的共同點(diǎn)是都是大葉子植物，即有獨(dú)特的葉子，故選A。BFive-year-oldWillardstruggledtotellthedifferencebetweenanMandaWora6anda9.Unfortunately,hisschoolteacherknewnothingaboutdyslexia(閱讀障礙).Shedidn’ttrytohelphim.Notsurprisingly,Willarddidn’tlikeschool.Usually,hisminddrifted-toplayingoutside,tohisdogMaxie,ortotheantsthatlivednearhisfamily’sgardenshed.Willardwasespeciallycuriousaboutthoseants.Hefeltlikethem-smallandinsignificant.Thus,oneday,noticingthatsomeantsweretryingtobuildahouse,hedecidedtohelpthemandconstructedalittlebuilding.Thenheputsugarinsidetoencouragetheantstomovein.Whentheydid,Willardbuiltmorehouses.Heevenbuiltanantschool,withtinyswings,laddersandamerry-go-round.Withthepassageoftime,aloveforlittlethingsbegantogrowinhisheart.Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.Maybehewasn’tafailureafterall.Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld,hismotheradvisedhim,“Thesmalleryoucarve,thebiggeryournamewillbecome.”Sousingapowerfulmicroscope,hebegantocarvegrainsofsand,bitsoffiber,andevenspecks(小顆粒)ofdust.Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Hecalmshisbodyand,holdinghisbreath,hecarvesbetweenheartbeatswhenbloodisnotpulsingthroughhisfingertips.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.Thenhepaintsitwithbitsofacrylics(丙烯畫).Willard’sfavoritepaintbrushisonehairfromthebackofadeadhousefly!HissculptureshavemadeWillardawealthyman.Buthesays,“Successisn’taboutmaterialthingslikeanexpensivewatchoracostlyring;it’saboutperseveringandachievingyourdreams.”4.WhydoestheauthormentionWillard’sstrugglesearlyoninschool?A.ToexpresssympathyforWillard’smisfortune.B.Toshowtheteacher’signoranceaboutdyslexia.C.TostatewhyWillarddevelopedinterestinlittlethings.D.TodescribehowWillardfeltaboutinsignificantthings.5.Whatcanweinferfromhismother’sadviceinparagraph3?A.Bestartistscenteronsmallcarvings.B.Itcallsforpatiencetobecomefamous.C.Carvingsmallisastrategyforsuccess.D.Achievingbignamesmakesadifference.6.HowhavethetinysculpturesaffectedWillard?A.Hehasbecomeamillionaire.B.Hehaslearnttousemicroscopeswell.C.Hehasrecoveredfromdyslexia.D.Hehasgainedasenseofachievement.7.WhatmainlycontributestoWillard’ssuccess?A.Enoughtimeandothers’recognition.B.Materialpursuitandgreatenthusiasm.C.Specificgoalsandgreatconcentration.D.Powerfulinstrumentsandproperinstructions.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.D7.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Willard從小患有閱讀障礙，上課的時(shí)候，思緒經(jīng)常飄到外面，但是他對小東西很感興趣，經(jīng)常雕刻小件東西。他在15歲時(shí)輟學(xué)，決定追求他的夢想，成為世界上最好的藝術(shù)家之一?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Five-year-oldWillardstruggledtotellthedifferencebetweenanMandaWora6anda9.Unfortunately,hisschoolteacherknewnothingaboutdyslexia(閱讀障礙).Shedidn’ttrytohelphim.Notsurprisingly,Willarddidn’tlikeschool.Usually,hisminddrifted-toplayingoutside,tohisdogMaxie,ortotheantsthatlivednearhisfamily’sgardenshed.(五歲的Willard很難分辨出M和W或6和9之間的區(qū)別。不幸的是，他的學(xué)校老師對閱讀障礙一無所知。她沒有試圖幫助他。毫不奇怪，威拉德不喜歡學(xué)校。通常情況下，他的思緒會飄到外面去玩，去看他的狗馬克斯，或者去看住在他家花園小屋附近的螞蟻。)”可知，Willard學(xué)習(xí)有困難，他不喜歡學(xué)習(xí)，思緒總是會飄到外面去玩，由此可推知，作者提到Willard早期在學(xué)校有學(xué)習(xí)困難為了說明為什么Willard會對小東西產(chǎn)生興趣。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld,hismotheradvisedhim,“Thesmalleryoucarve,thebiggeryournamewillbecome.”(當(dāng)他15歲輟學(xué)并決定追求成為世界上最好的藝術(shù)家之一的夢想時(shí)，他的母親建議他:“你雕刻得越小（越精細(xì)），你的名聲就會越大?！?”可推知，Willard的母親認(rèn)為雕刻細(xì)小的東西是一種成功的策略。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.Maybehewasn’tafailureafterall.(在學(xué)校里，Willard仍然很掙扎，但是現(xiàn)在他知道他可以做一些特別的事情。也許他根本不是個(gè)失敗者。)”可知，這些小雕塑使得Willard獲得了成就感，故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.(在學(xué)校里，Willard仍然很掙扎，但是現(xiàn)在他知道他可以做一些特別的事情。)”和第三段中“Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld(當(dāng)他輟學(xué)時(shí)15歲，他決定追求他的夢想，成為世界上最好的藝術(shù)家之一)”可知，Willard目標(biāo)明確，知道自己想做什么，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Hecallshisbodyand,holdinghisbreath,hecarvesbetweenheartbeatswhenbloodisnotpulsingthroughhisfingertips.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.(Willard在夜間干擾少的時(shí)候工作得最好。他讓身體平靜下來，屏住呼吸，工作的時(shí)候仿佛指尖的血液都停止了流動(dòng)，只能聽見自己的心跳。他經(jīng)常工作幾個(gè)月來完成一個(gè)雕塑。)”可知，他注意力很集中，由此可推知，明確的目標(biāo)和高度的專注是Willard成功的主要因素，故選C。CInJapan’snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersviaagovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.Throughouttheland,therearepublicandcompany-sponsoredsinglespartiesand“l(fā)ifedesignworkshops”meanttourgeyoungadultstomakeaconcretetimelineformarriageandfamily.ThecityofTokyoeventeachesbasicdatingskills,suchastheartofconversation.Japanhasthefastest-agingpopulationofanypost-industrialnationonearth.Thecurrenttotalbirthrate--theaveragenumberofchildrenthatwouldbeborntoawomanoverherlifetime--is1.3,wellbelowthe“replacementlevel”of2.1kidsperwoman,whichisbroadlyacceptedastherateneededtoensureastablepopulation.AperiodicsurveybytheNationalInstituteofPopulationandSocialSecurityResearchfoundclosetoafifthofmenandabout15%ofwomenexpressingdisinterestinmarriage.AlmostathirdofmenandafifthofwomenintheirfiftiesinJapanhaveneverbeenmarried.Thecountry’sleadershipisconvincedthatmoremarriagesaretheanswer,soJapan’snewChildrenandFamiliesAgencysettolaunchinApril,willoffer“marriagesupportservice”ineachofJapan’s47counties.ButmanyexpertssaytheonlywayJapancanreallysaveitselfisbygettingridofthe“malebreadwinner,femalecareer”norms(準(zhǔn)則)thatcontinuetosupportpolicymakingandcorporatemanagement.“Post-industrialcountries(likeSweden)thatmadeitpossibletobalanceworkandfamilyhavenotsufferedlargedeclinesinbirthrates,”HarvardsociologistMaryBrintonnotedinrecentpresentation.ProfessorMasahiroYamada,asociologistatChuoUniversity,isdoubtfulwhetherJapanwillescapeitsexistentialcrisis.“It’snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It’sanissueofmoremenwithunstableincomes,”hesaid.“Evenamongregularworkers,relativeincomesarefalling.”LowerincomesarefarmoreofadiscouragementtomarriageinEastAsiathanintheU.S.orEurope,Yamadasays,asAsianmenputmoreemphasisonunilaterally(單方面)earningenoughtosupportchildren.Atrulyeffectivepolicy,heargues,woulddoubleortripleinvestmentinfamiliesinsteadofseniors.“Japanisgoingtosink,rightalongwithitsbirthrate,”hewarned.“AndSouthKoreaandChinawillberightbehindus.”8.What’sthefunctionofAI-drivenmatchmakingservice?A.Toofferaplatformforseekinglifepartners.B.Toupdatethecountry’sbasicdatingservice.C.Tosponsorresidentstoattendsinglesparties.D.ToteachyoungJapanesehowtogoondates.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs2and3?A.BirthrateinJapanishigherthanagingrate.B.Japan’spopulationstructureisoutofbalance.C.MostoftheJapanesedislikechildrenorseniors.D.WomenarelesslikelytomarrythanmeninJapan.10.WhatdoesMasahiroYamadathinkofthematchmakingservice?A.Itleadstoanincreaseofincome.B.Ittouchesthesurfaceoftheissue.C.ItsavesJapanfromthepresentcrisis.D.ItdepartsfromJapan’sexistingnorm.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CanJapanincreaseitsbirthrate?B.WilltheservicecatchoninJapan?C.WillJapanesemen’sincomesrise?D.CanJapanesebalanceworkandfamily?〖答案〗8.A9.B10.B11.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本由于老齡化嚴(yán)重及出生率低的問題引進(jìn)了婚介服務(wù)及專家對于日本能否提高出生率的問題的探討?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“InJapan’snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersviaagovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.”（在日本東北部的宮城縣，居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)找到生活伴侶。）可知，人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)給人們提供了一個(gè)找到生活伴侶的平臺。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Japanhasthefastest-agingpopulationofanypost-industrialnationonearth.Thecurrenttotalbirthrate--theaveragenumberofchildrenthatwouldbeborntoawomanoverherlifetime--is1.3,wellbelowthe“replacementlevel”of2.1kidsperwoman,whichisbroadlyacceptedastherateneededtoensureastablepopulation.”（日本是世界上人口老齡化速度最快的后工業(yè)化國家。目前的總出生率——一名婦女一生中生育的孩子的平均數(shù)量——為1.3，遠(yuǎn)低于每名婦女生育2.1個(gè)孩子的“更替水平”，這一水平被廣泛接受為確保人口穩(wěn)定所需的水平。）根據(jù)第三段“AperiodicsurveybytheNationalInstituteofPopulationandSocialSecurityResearchfoundclosetoafifthofmenandabout15%ofwomenexpressingdisinterestinmarriage.AlmostathirdofmenandafifthofwomenintheirfiftiesinJapanhaveneverbeenmarried.”（美國國家人口與社會安全研究所(NationalInstituteofPopulationandSocialSecurityResearch)的一項(xiàng)定期調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，近五分之一的男性和約15%的女性表示對婚姻不感興趣。在日本，近三分之一的50多歲男性和五分之一的女性從未結(jié)過婚。）可知，日本老齡化嚴(yán)重，生育率低，人口結(jié)構(gòu)不平衡。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“It’snotaproblemofmatchmaking.It’sanissueofmoremenwithunstableincomes.”（這不是做媒的問題。這是一個(gè)關(guān)乎收入不穩(wěn)定的男性越來越多的問題。）可知，MasahiroYamada認(rèn)為人們不想結(jié)婚不是因?yàn)檎也坏桨閭H，而是因?yàn)槭杖雴栴}，故他認(rèn)為婚介服務(wù)并不能從根本上解決問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“InJapan’snortheastMiyagicounty,residentscanfindlifepartnersviaagovernment-sponsored,ArtificialIntelligence-drivenmatchmakingservice.”（在日本東北部的宮城縣，居民可以通過政府資助、人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的婚介服務(wù)找到生活伴侶。）說明日本引進(jìn)婚介服務(wù)旨在促使年輕人結(jié)婚生子，并結(jié)合下文二三段對日本人口情況的介紹，及后文專家對于解決出生率低的問題的探討可知，本文主要針對日本能否提高出生率的問題進(jìn)行了討論。故選A項(xiàng)。DGracingeverycontinentoftheEarth,wetlandsareessentialtotheplanet’shealth,oftencomparedtoitsvitalorgans，actingasarteries(動(dòng)脈)thatcarrywaterandaskidneys(腎臟)thatfilter(過濾)harmfulsubstances.Wetlandsserveasprotectors:theyformprotectivebarriersagainsttsunamisandabsorbtheexcessrainfall.Duringthedryseasonindryclimates,wetlandsreleasethestoredwaterwhichhelpsdelaytheattackofdroughtandreducewatershortages.Theyalsostorevastquantitiesofcarbon,helpingeaseclimatechange.Hometosomeofthemostdiverseandrichecosystems,wetlandssupportonebillionpeople.40percentofallplantandanimalspeciesliveorbreedinwetlands.WorldWetlandsDayisobservedeachyearon2Februarytoincreasepeople’sunderstandingoftheimportanceofwetlandsandraiseawarenessoftheurgentneedtoprotectthethreatenednaturaltreasure.“Weareproudtojoininthiscelebrationandrecognizetheuniqueandvaluableecosystemservicesprovidedbywetlands.Wearecommittedtodoingourparttoconserveandprotectwetlands,andwearecallingonallofyoutojoinusinthisvitalcause,”saidUNCCD(TheUnitedNationsConventiontoCombatDesertification)ExecutiveSecretaryIbrahimThaw.Todate,nearly90percentoftheworld’swetlandshavebeendegradedorlost,with35percentinthelast5Oyearsalone.ThatiswhyonthisWorldWetlandsDay,UNCCDisjoiningtheRamsarConventiononWetlandsandotherpartnerstohighlighttheexamplesofcountriesandcommunitiesmakingstridesinwetlandrestoration.AsstressedbytheUNCCDExecutiveSecretaryIbrahimThiaw,successfulwetlandrestorationrequiresajointeffortfromgovernments,civilsocietyandtheprivatesector.Investmentsinsciencefortechnologyinnovation,infrastructureforeffectivemanagementandfinancialmechanismsforprojectimplementation(實(shí)施)canturnthetidetowardabetterfutureforwetlands.12.Whyarewetlandsessentialtous?A.Theyhelpfightagainstviruses.B.Theyoffercleandrinkingwater.C.Theymaintainecologicalbalance.D.Theypreventthenaturaldisasters.13.Howdoestheauthorpresentthecurrentsituationofwetlandsinparagraph5?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingcauses.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“turnthetide”meaninparagraph6?A.Followthetrend. B.Breaktheice.C.Runtherisk. D.Changethegame.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Wetlandecosystem.B.Wetlandrestoration.C.Wetlandexploration.D.Wetlandbiodiversity.〖答案〗12.C13.B14.D15.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了濕地的重要性以及對濕地的恢復(fù)。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wetlandsserveasprotectors:theyformprotectivebarriersagainsttsunamisandabsorbtheexcessrainfall.Duringthedryseasonindryclimates,wetlandsreleasethestoredwaterwhichhelpsdelaytheattackofdroughtandreducewatershortages.Theyalsostorevastquantitiesofcarbon,helpingeaseclimatechange.Hometosomeofthemostdiverseandrichecosystems,wetlandssupportonebillionpeople.”（地起到了保護(hù)作用:它們形成了抵御海嘯的屏障，并吸收了多余的降雨。在干旱氣候的旱季，濕地釋放儲存的水，這有助于推遲干旱的襲擊，減少水資源短缺。它們還儲存了大量的碳，有助于緩解氣候變化。濕地?fù)碛幸恍┳疃鄻踊妥钬S富的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，養(yǎng)活了10億人）可知，濕地維持了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Todate,nearly90percentoftheworld’swetlandshavebeendegradedorlost,with35percentinthelast5Oyearsalone.”（迄今為止，世界上近90%的濕地已經(jīng)退化或消失，僅在過去50年里就有35%的濕地退化或消失。）可知，第五段主要是通過列舉數(shù)字來展示濕地的現(xiàn)狀。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Investmentsinsciencefortechnologyinnovation,infrastructureforeffectivemanagementandfinancialmechanismsforprojectimplementation(實(shí)施)”（投資于科技創(chuàng)新、有效管理的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的財(cái)政機(jī)制）根據(jù)“abetterfutureorwetlands”（濕地的美好未來）可知，對科技創(chuàng)新、有效管理的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的財(cái)政機(jī)制的投資可以扭轉(zhuǎn)趨勢，使?jié)竦氐奈磥砀用篮?。所以劃線詞的意思是“逆轉(zhuǎn)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“WorldWetlandsDayisobservedeachyearon2Februarytoincreasepeople’sunderstandingoftheimportanceofwetlandsandraiseawarenessoftheurgentneedtoprotectthethreatenednaturaltreasure.”（每年的2月2日是世界濕地日，目的是提高人們對濕地重要性的認(rèn)識，提高人們對保護(hù)這一瀕危自然寶藏的迫切需要的認(rèn)識。）根據(jù)第四段“Wearecommittedtodoingourparttoconserveandprotectwetlands,andwearecallingonallofyoutojoinusinthisvitalcause”（我們承諾盡自己的一份力量來養(yǎng)護(hù)和保護(hù)濕地，我們呼吁你們所有人加入我們這一至關(guān)重要的事業(yè)）根據(jù)最后一段“Investmentsinsciencefortechnologyinnovation,infrastructureforeffectivemanagementandfinancialmechanismsforprojectimplementation(實(shí)施)canturnthetidetowardabetterfutureforwetlands”（對科技創(chuàng)新、有效管理的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的財(cái)政機(jī)制的投資可以扭轉(zhuǎn)趨勢，使?jié)竦氐奈磥砀用篮茫┧远涛闹饕顷P(guān)于濕地的恢復(fù)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifeisfilledwithregrets.Askanyonearoundyouwhattheirregretsareandtheyusuallyhavenodifficultycomingupwithmanyitemsontheir“regretlist.”____16____.HerearefourthingsthatIregretmostnotdoinginmy20s.____17____IregretnotfocusingmoreonwhereIwantedtogoinlife,whatIwantedtodo,whoIwantedtobeandwhatitwouldtaketogetthere.Withsomemoredesigninginmytwenties,I’dbefurtheraheadinmy40sandperhapsabithappieraswell.SeizingmoreexperiencesIwishIhadlivedsomewhereelsebeforesettlingdown.____18____.Othershavesaidtheyregretnotpursuingtheirhobbiesorlearningtoskydiveormountainclimb.Iprefertostayontheground,butIdoregretnotlearningmore,nottryingnewthingsthatarehardtofitintothelifeofafortysomethingworkingwifeandmother.LivingamoreactivelifestyleThebodiesofyoutharewastedontheyoung···IwishIhadrunamarathonbeforemykneesached,thatIhadbikedmore,hikedmore,andtookspinningclasseswhenmylegswerestronger.____19____．Wedon'toftenrealizethatwehavesquandered(浪費(fèi))ourphysicalabilitiesuntilthingsstartaching.MakingmorefriendsIregretnotreachingoutmore,puttingmoreeffortintocreatingalotofsupportthatwouldcarrymethroughmoredifficulttimes.Wesocializesure,butmanyofusdon’tputenoughimportanceonbuildingdeepandlastingfriendships.Somedo,butmanydon’t.____20____!Lifeisgood;don’tmisunderstand.HowIwishIhadplannedmore,livedmore,andstretchedmyselfmorewhenIhadthefreedomandenergytodoso.A.BetterplanningB.TravellingmoreC.HowtheywishforasecondchanceD.IfonlytheyhadgotthroughdifficultiesE.IregretnotlearningtopaintorspeakItalianF.IregretnotjoiningasoftballteamorvolleyballleagueG.Andforsomereasonourtwentiesareripeforafieldofregrets〖答案〗16.G17.A18.E19.F20.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了作者最后悔沒有在20多歲時(shí)做的四件事。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Askanyonearoundyouwhattheirregretsareandtheyusuallyhavenodifficultycomingupwithmanyitemsontheir“regretlist.”（問問你周圍的人他們的遺憾是什么，他們通常不難想出許多“遺憾清單”）根據(jù)下文“HerearefourthingsthatIregretmostnotdoinginmy20s.”（以下是我最后悔沒有在20多歲時(shí)做的四件事）可知，選項(xiàng)在說二十多歲的時(shí)候是容易后悔的時(shí)候。故G選項(xiàng)“以下是我最后悔沒有在20多歲時(shí)做的四件事”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“IregretnotfocusingmoreonwhereIwantedtogoinlife,whatIwantedtodo,whoIwantedtobeandwhatitwouldtaketogetthere.Withsomemoredesigninginmytwenties,I’dbefurtheraheadinmy40sandperhapsabithappieraswell.”（我后悔沒有更多地關(guān)注我的人生目標(biāo)，我想做什么，我想成為什么樣的人，以及如何才能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。如果我在20多歲的時(shí)候多做一些設(shè)計(jì)，那么我在40多歲的時(shí)候就會更加領(lǐng)先，也許也會更快樂一些）可知，本段在說更好的規(guī)劃。故A選項(xiàng)“更好的規(guī)劃”為本段的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Seizingmoreexperiences”（獲得更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)）“IwishIhadlivedsomewhereelsebeforesettlingdown.”（我希望我在定居之前住在別的地方）以及下文“Othershavesaidtheyregretnotpursuingtheirhobbiesorlearningtoskydiveormountainclimb.”（還有一些人說，他們后悔沒有追求自己的愛好，沒有學(xué)習(xí)跳傘或爬山。）可知，空處在說作者后悔做的事情，且與獲得更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)有關(guān)。故E選項(xiàng)“我后悔沒有學(xué)畫畫或說意大利語”切題。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“IwishIhadrunamarathonbeforemykneesached,thatIhadbikedmore,hikedmore,andtookspinningclasseswhenmylegswerestronger.”（我希望我在膝蓋疼之前能跑一場馬拉松，希望我能多騎自行車，多徒步，在腿更強(qiáng)壯的時(shí)候多上動(dòng)感單車課）可知，空處在說作者后悔做的事情且與運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)。故F選項(xiàng)“我后悔沒有參加壘球隊(duì)或排球聯(lián)賽”【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Iregretnotreachingoutmore,puttingmoreeffortintocreatingalotofsupportthatwouldcarrymethroughmoredifficulttimes.Wesocializesure,butmanyofusdon’tputenoughimportanceonbuildingdeepandlastingfriendships.Somedo,butmanydon’t.”（我后悔沒有更多地去接觸，沒有付出更多的努力去獲得更多的支持，幫助我度過更艱難的時(shí)期。我們當(dāng)然會社交，但我們中的許多人都沒有足夠重視建立深厚而持久的友誼。有些人會，但很多人不會。）可知，選項(xiàng)總結(jié)上文，表達(dá)他們想彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)過的事情的渴望。故C選項(xiàng)“他們多么希望有第二次機(jī)會”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwas16，Iwantedtobuyanalbum(專輯)frommyfavoriteband,butIcould____21____payforit.Myparentswerenotthetypeofpeopletogivemoneytome____22____,orevenforworkdoneathome.Thisledmetosearchforworkopportunitiesinmyneighborhood,andIwas____23____toMrs.Hudson,theoldestpersoninthecommunity.Atovereightyyearsold,Mrs.Hudsoncouldnolonger____24____hergarden,andIofferedtohelpherout.Myfirstjobwasto____25____weedsinherfrontyardandbackyard.Afterthis____26____task,Imowed(修剪)herlawn．Withthe＄10earnedfrommyfirstdayofwork，Iboughtthat____27____．Listeningtomusic,Ifeltacool____28____runningthroughmyheart,whichmademerealizealltheeffortsIhadmadewereworthwhile.However,mydesireformaterialpossessionsdidnotendthere.Ilatersetmy____29____onaGameboy,whichwasveryfashionableatthetime.Istartedtoworkformultipleclients,inordertoearnenoughmoneytopurchasethis____30____possession.Aftermanydaysofworking,I____31____enoughmoney.Butjustafteronedayofplayingonit,IrealizedthatitwasnotasfunasIhadthought.I____32____inthehotsunforhoursdoingyardworktobuysomethingIdidnot____33____．Sothenextday，Ireturneditforafullrefund(退款)．Eversincethatday,Ihavecometo____34____thevalueofmoney,realizingthatthesweatanddedicationthat____35____earningitaretrulyinvaluableassetsthatcannotbetakenawayfromus.21.A.slightly B.barely C.roughly D.nearly22.A.outofnowhere B.outofcondition C.outofquestion D.outofwork23.A.assigned B.directed C.ordered D.referred24.A.decorate B.guard C.tend D.water25.A.pullout B.ruleout C.sortout D.takeout26.A.awesome B.creative C.tiresome D.urgent27.A.band B.collection C.edition D.patent28.A.breeze B.current C.spring D.wind29.A.ambition B.curiosity C.sights D.tastes30.A.personal B.prized C.previous D.practical31.A.charged B.gathered C.invested D.withdrew32.A.dug B.struggled C.sweated D.wandered33.A.lack B.lose C.want D.deserve34.A.accept B.appreciate C.evaluate D.enjoy35.A.comeinto B.fallinto C.gointo D.putinto〖答案〗21.B22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.B28.C29.C30.B31.B32.C33.C34.B35.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了作者通過幫助他人做事，去賺錢，然后去買自己想要的東西，但是當(dāng)把東西買回來后，發(fā)現(xiàn)有些并不是自己真的想要的，讓作者明白為賺錢而付出的汗水和奉獻(xiàn)是無法從我們身上奪走的真正無價(jià)的資產(chǎn)。【21題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我16歲的時(shí)候，我想買一張我最喜歡的樂隊(duì)的專輯，但是我?guī)缀醺恫黄疱X。A.slightly輕微地；B.barely幾乎不；C.roughly粗略地；D.nearly幾乎。根據(jù)后文“Myparentswerenotthetypeofpeopletogivemoneytome,orevenforworkdoneathome.”可知，“我”的父母不給錢，所以“我”付不起錢。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我的父母不是那種無緣無故給我錢的人，即使是在家里完成工作也不會給我錢。A.outofnowhere莫名其妙的出現(xiàn)；B.outofcondition身體狀況不佳；C.outofquestion不在考慮之列；D.outofwork失業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“orevenforworkdoneathome”可知，“我”的父母即使是在家里完成工作也不會給“我”錢，所以他們不是那種無緣無故給錢的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我在附近尋找工作機(jī)會，于是我找到了社區(qū)里年紀(jì)最大的哈德森夫人。A.assigned分配；B.directed指向；C.ordered指揮；D.referred提到。根據(jù)后文“andIofferedtohelpherout.”可知，“我”幫哈德森太太做事，所以是找到了哈德森太太，bedirectedto意為“指向”。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：哈德森太太八十多歲了，不能再照料她的花園了，我主動(dòng)提出幫她。A.decorate裝飾；B.guard守衛(wèi)；C.tend照料；D.water給…澆水。根據(jù)前文“Atovereightyyearsold”后文“andIofferedtohelpherout”可知，哈德森太太年紀(jì)太大了，不能照顧她的花園，所以“我”幫她。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我的第一份工作是在她的前院和后院拔除雜草。A.pullout拔出；B.ruleout排除；C.sortout分類；D.takeout除掉。根據(jù)前文“Hudsoncouldnolongerhergarden,andIofferedtohelpherout.”以及后文“weedsinherfrontyardandbackyard”可知，“我”幫哈德森太太照顧她的花園，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以應(yīng)該是拔出雜草。故填A(yù)項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：做完這項(xiàng)令人厭煩的工作后，我給她修剪草坪。A.awesome令人驚嘆的；B.creative創(chuàng)造性的；C.tiresome令人厭煩的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)前文“Myfirstjobwastoweedsinherfrontyardandbackyard.”可知，“我”先是幫哈德森太太拔除她前院和后院的雜草，結(jié)合常識，拔雜草是無聊的工作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：用上班第一天掙的10美元，我買下了那套收藏品。A.band樂隊(duì)；B.collection收藏品；C.edition版本；D.patent專利。根據(jù)前文“Iwantedtobuyanalbum(專輯)frommyfavoriteband”可知，“我”想買“我”最喜歡樂隊(duì)的專輯，這是收藏品。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽著音樂，我感到一股清泉流過我的心，這讓我意識到我所做的一切努力都是值得的。A.breeze微風(fēng)；B.current氣流；C.spring泉水；D.wind風(fēng)。根據(jù)后文“runningthroughmyheart”可知，“我”在聽音樂，結(jié)合常識，此處應(yīng)是感到一股清泉流過我的心。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我把目光投向了Gameboy，這在當(dāng)時(shí)非常流行。A.ambition野心；B.curiosity好奇心；C.sights視野；D.tastes口味。根據(jù)前文“However,mydesireformaterialpossessionsdidnotendthere.”可知，“我”對物質(zhì)財(cái)富的渴望并沒有就此結(jié)束，所以，“我”把目光投向了Gameboy。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始為多個(gè)客戶工作，為了賺足夠的錢來購買這個(gè)珍貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)。A.personal私人的；B.prized珍貴的；C.previous以前的；D.practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)前文“IlatersetmyonaGameboy,whichwasveryfashionableatthetime.”可知，“我”想買Gameboy，對“我”來說這是珍貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過許多天的工作，我攢夠了錢。A.charged收(費(fèi))；B.gathered聚集；C.invested投資；D.withdrew撤回。根據(jù)前文“Istartedtoworkformultipleclients,inordertoearnenoughmoney”可知，“我”開始為多個(gè)客戶工作，為了賺足夠的錢，所以此處是“我”攢夠了錢。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了買一些我不想要的東西，我在烈日下干了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的院子活，滿頭大汗。A.dug掘(地)；B.struggled奮斗；C.sweated出汗；D.wandered漫游。根據(jù)后文“inthehotsunforhoursdoingyardwork”可知，在烈日下干了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的院子活，應(yīng)該是滿頭大汗的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了買一些我不想要的東西，我在烈日下干了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的院子活，滿頭大汗。A.lack缺乏；B.lose丟失；C.want想要；D.deserve值得。根據(jù)前文“Butjustafteronedayofplayingonit,IrealizedthatitwasnotasfunasIhadthought.”可知，“我”買了Gameboy后，發(fā)現(xiàn)它沒有“我”想象中有趣，并不是“我”想要的。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那天起，我開始懂得了金錢的價(jià)值，認(rèn)識到為掙錢而付出的汗水和奉獻(xiàn)，才是真正無價(jià)的資產(chǎn)，不能從我們身上拿走。A.accept接受；B.appreciate理解；C.evaluate估計(jì)；D.enjoy享受。根據(jù)后文“realizingthatthesweatanddedicationthatearningitaretrulyinvaluableassetsthatcannotbetakenawayfromus.”可知，“我”認(rèn)識到為掙錢而付出的汗水和奉獻(xiàn)，才是真正無價(jià)的資產(chǎn)，所以“我”理解了金錢的價(jià)值。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：從那天起，我開始欣賞金錢的價(jià)值，意識到為賺錢而付出的汗水和奉獻(xiàn)是無法從我們身上奪走的真正無價(jià)的資產(chǎn)。A.comeinto進(jìn)入；B.fallinto落入；C.gointo（時(shí)間、精力或錢）被用在；D.putint