冀教版八年級(jí)英語下各課知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

Unit1

lessonl

1.What'stheweatherliketoday?

這句是用來詢問天氣的一個(gè)常用句子，還可以說成：Howistheweather?

2.Itwillbesnowyandhottoday.

snowy是形容詞，意思是有雪的，雪大的。它是由名詞snow+y構(gòu)成，類似的詞還有：

cloudy;rainy;sunny;windy;icy;foggy;thirsty;dirty;healthy;

3.What'sthetemperature?問溫度是多少時(shí)，不用howmany\much,要用what

4.1hopenot.它的肯定形式為Ihopeso.

類似的表達(dá)法有：I'mafraidsoAPmafraidnot.1thinkso\Idon*tthinkso.

5.1'mscaredofthunder.

bescaredofsb.\sth.害怕某人或某物。這里scared是過去分詞,作形容詞。：I'mscaredofwildanimals.

scare還可以作動(dòng)詞。如：Youscaredme.

Iesson2

l.Whatsthedatetoday?It*sMarchtwenty-first.

What'sthedate?是用來詢問日期的一個(gè)常用句子，也可以說成：Whatistoday*sdate?

如果詢問星期要用Whatdayistoday?\Whatdayisittoday?

2.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.

become是系動(dòng)詞，與get一樣，常接形容詞作表語；與get不同的是它還可以接名詞作表語，表示身份的變化。

應(yīng)為：成為。如：Thedaysarebecoming\gettinglongerinsummer.Hebecamealawyerin1998.

3.Thetemperaturegoesup!goup意思是上升，與rise同義，與godown或set相反。如：Thesungoesup\risesinthe

eastandgoesdown\setsinthewest.

4.Thundermakesaloudnoise.makeanoise意思是發(fā)出聲響，吵鬧。如：Thebabyissleeping.Don11makeanoise.You

shouldn'tmakeanoiseinclass.

Iesson3

1.SpringhasarrivedinShijiazhuang.arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是到達(dá)。arrivein+大地點(diǎn)（國家、地區(qū)、城市）arrive

at+小地點(diǎn)（學(xué)校、商店、車站、郵局等類似地點(diǎn)），地點(diǎn)為副詞時(shí)in\at要省去。如：HearrivedinParis.Thetrainarrived

atthestation.Theyarrivedhomeearly.

reach表示到達(dá)時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，直接與到達(dá)的地點(diǎn)（n）連用。如：HereachedParis.Thetrainreachedthestation.

getto表示到達(dá)時(shí)，后跟副詞表示的地點(diǎn)時(shí)to要省去，如：Hegetsthereontime.

2.EverymorningIseemanypeopleintheparkexercising.seesb.doingsth.表示看見某人在做某事，如：Canyousee

themplayingfootballoverthere?

seesb.dosth.表示看見某人做過某事，如：Ioftenseehimplayfootballontheplayground.

這樣的詞還有：hear;watch;notice等。

3.Thesunwillsetinaboutfifteenminutes.

in是介詞，表示在…以后，用于將來時(shí)，后面跟表示一段時(shí)間的名詞。此時(shí)，不能用after替換in.如：Hewillbeback

intwodays.Theywillfinishtheworkintenmonths.

4.Wewon'tseeanyflowersuntilMay.

not...until...意思是直到...才??.。until可以作介詞或連詞。如：Theydidn'tleaveuntiltheyfinishedthework.Hewon'tgo

tobeduntil11o'clock.

5.Nextmonth,maybewewillplayinourshortsandT-shirts!

in表示穿著，它可以跟表示衣服或衣服顏色的名詞，意思是穿著…顏色的衣服。如:Thegirlinthehatismysister.They

areplayinginnewclothes.Ourteacherisinareddresstoday.Allofthemareinblack.

Iesson4

1.Weatheriswarming,...這里warm是動(dòng)詞,意思是變暖，它也可用作形容詞,如：It'swarminspring.Ifsgetting

warmerdaybyday.

2.onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)地如Youcanplanttheseedsonebyone.類似的詞語還有：yearbyyear;daybyday.

3.Seeitbringtheseason'schange.seesbAsth.dosth.看到某人或某事物做過某事，change這里是名詞，它也可以做動(dòng)

詞，如：Hechangedhisclothes.

Iesson5

1.Let'sgocycling.gocycling=gotorideabike去騎車。如：HeoftengoescyclingonSunday.

let'sdosth.表示讓某人做某事let'snotdosth.讓某人不要做某事，如：Let'shavearest.Let'snotgothere.

2.Howaboutbaseball,then?how\whatabout+n\pron\doingsth.如：Ilikespring.Howaboutyou?

Whataboutacupofcoffee?Howaboutopeningthewindow?

3.Theballalwayshitsmeonthehead.hitsb.onthe+身體部位，表示打在某人的某個(gè)部位，如：Hehitmeonthehead.He

wassoangrythathehitMaryintheface.

4.Shallweplaysoccer?Shallwe\I...?表示征求對(duì)方意見，可以…嗎；…好嗎。如：Shallwegoswimming?ShallIsithere?

Iesson6

1.DannyisbabysittinghiscousinDebieattheplayground.babysitting是雙寫t+ing而來的，這樣的詞還有：

swimming;running;beginning;getting;putting等；attheplayground也可以說成in\ontheplayground.

2.Holdon,Debbie!holdon可以表示稍等,別掛斷；抓緊，如：Holdonaminute.Heheldontotherope.

3.Dannywillpushyou.push這里是動(dòng)詞，意思是推，它也可以用作名詞.pushsb.=givesb.apush.

4.1fstimetostopswinging,debbie.stopdoingsth.停止做某事;stoptodosth.停下來做某事;如：Theystoppedtosmoke

acigarette.!muststopsmoking.Whenhesawhisteacheronthestreet,hestoppedtotalktoher.Allthestudentsstopped

talkingwhentheteachercamein.

5.Debbedgetsofftheswing.getoff...意思是從…下來，通常指下火車、巴士、輪船、飛機(jī)等，反義詞組是geton…如：

Don'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.TheywillgetoffthetraininBeijing.上、下汽車或電梯常用getinto\outof...

lesson7

1.1thoughtaboutitalldayatschool.

thinkabout意思是思考，考慮，想起，想至U...;如:Iamthinkingaboutmyfriendinthecountry.

Don'tthinkaboutitanymore.

2.1thoughtthatitwouldbeeasytobabysitthere.

it在此代替后面的不等式tobabysitthere,作形式主語，如:Itisinterestingtoclimbthehill.Itishardtoanswerthe

question.

3.1wasscaredthatshewouldhurtherself,but...

herself是反身代詞，意思是她自己.當(dāng)主語和賓語［指同一個(gè)人時(shí)，賓語應(yīng)用反身代詞.如:Shecanlookafterherself.My

mothertaughtherselfEnglish.

反身代詞還可以作同位語，起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用.如:Shecandoitherself.=Sheherselfcandoit

4.Myauntandunclehadmadesandwichesforustoeatattheplayground.

makesth.forsb.二makesb.sth.意思是為某人制作某物.如:Iwillmakeabirthdaycakeforher.=Iwillmakeherabirthday

cake.

5.sowasI.這是一個(gè)倒裝句.是由so+系動(dòng)詞'助動(dòng)詞'情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語，構(gòu)成汝口:Heistall.SoamI.

TheylikeChinesefood.SodothetwoEnglishmen.

6.1helpedherbrushherteethandclimbintobed.

helpsb.(to)dosth.意思是幫助某人做某事，如:Ioftenhelpmymotherdothehousework.Hesometimeshelpsmestudy

English.

helpsb.withsth.也能表示幫助某人做某事，但with后面跟名詞或人稱代詞賓格，上面的句子可改寫為:Ioftenhelpmy

motherwiththehousework.HesometimeshelpsmewithmyEnglish.

Unit2

lesson9

1.Wouldyoulikesomemarkers?

wouldlike意思是想要，后跟名詞，代詞，動(dòng)詞不等式.如:I'dlikeacupoftea.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?I'dliketohave

anotherbook.

wouldlikesb.todosth.意思是想要某人做某事，如:He'dlikemetohelphimwithhismaths.

wouldyoulikesth.?用來表示邀請(qǐng)某人吃喝或用什么東西,它的答語為:Yes,please.XNo,thanks.

wouldyouliketodosth.?用來表示邀請(qǐng)某人做某事，它的答語為:(yes)JdlikeMoveto.U'mafraidnot...\Fdloveto,but...

等.

2.Wouldyoupleaselendmeyourgreenmarker?

wouldyouplease+動(dòng)詞原形?表示請(qǐng)你…好嗎？

lend是借進(jìn)，常用lendsth.tosb.其反義詞為borrow,常用borrowsth.fromsb.,如Heborrowedacarfromhisfriend.He

lenthisbiketohisneighbour.

3.Don'tforgettodrawthesun.

forgettodosth.意思是忘記去做某事,forgetdoingsth.意思是忘了做過某事，如:Don'tforgettoclosethewindowbefore

youbeave.Heforgotclosingthewindow,sohewentbacktocloseitagain.Heforgottoturnoffthelight,soitwason

thewholenight.

4.Afteryouplantaplantinapot,whatdoyoudonext?

plant是一個(gè)兼類詞，既可以作動(dòng)詞,也可以作名詞.plantaplant表示種植物.類似的兼類詞還有：

work;water;push等.

lessonlO

1.Flowers,leavesandstemsgrowaboveground.Rootsgrowbelowground.

above是介詞，表示在...上方，比...還高.與below相反.如:Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.Today'stemperatureis

10degreesbelowzero.

over是在...正上方，或覆蓋在.?,上面，如:Thereisalampabovethedesk.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

2.Plantshaveflowersbeausetheflowersmakeseeds.

because是連詞，表示因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)原因狀語從句.它不能和so連用，如:Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseshewas

sick=Shewassicksoshedidn'tcometoschool.

3.Theseedsofthericeplantfeedbillionsofpeople.

hundred,thousand,million,billion等詞前有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式，直接修飾名詞;表示一個(gè)籠統(tǒng)的概念時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形

式,后面要與介詞of連用再接名詞.如:Hehasthreehundredbooks.Hehasreadhundredsofbooks.

lessonll

l.Youneedtolookafterit.

lookafter=takecareof意思是照顧，如:Ihavetolookafterthebaby.Canyoulookafteryourself?

2.Plantsusesunlighttomakefood.

tomakefood是不定式，表示目的，如:LiMingwenttoBeijingtoseehisuncle.

3.Gardensarefullofplants.

befullof...表示盛滿裝滿.…如:Theroomisfullofpeople.Thesebottlesarefullofwater.

4.1nspring,peopleputcoversoverplantstokeepthemwarmatnight.

cover用作動(dòng)詞意思是覆蓋，遮蓋,cover...with...表示用..把...覆蓋上，如:Hecoveredhisfacewithascarf,becovered

with…被…覆蓋著.如:Theroadisusuallycoveredwithsnow.

cover還可以用作名詞，表示覆蓋物，封面.如:Thebookneedsanewcove匚

keepsb.\sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài).如:Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.Helikesdoingthingsto

keephimselfbusy.Let'skeepthewindowsopen.

5.Windowsaremadeofglass.

bemadeof…意思是由…制成，在制成的過程中原材料沒有發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化.

bemadefrom…意思是由…制成，在制成的過程中原材料發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化如:Mydeskismadeofwood.Booksare

madeofpaper.Paperismadefromwood.Wineismadefromwheat.

Iessonl2

l.Onegroupsingsthepurplewords,andtheothergroupsingstheblackwords.

one...,theother...意思是——個(gè)...另——個(gè)如:Shehastwocats.Oneiswhite,theotherisblack.

2.Theprettiestplant...

prettiest是pretty的最高級(jí)，如:Heisthetallestboyandsheistheprettiestgirl.

3.Thatyoueverdidsee.

didsee在此相當(dāng)于saw,did放在動(dòng)詞原形前起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用，如:Shedoesstudyhard.Idolikecomputergames.

Theydidgotohaveapicnicyesterday.

4.Asthestemgrows,itmakesleaves.

as在本句中表示當(dāng)…時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句.如:HewentoutasIcamein.

Iessonl3

1.Treeshelpcleantheair.It'spleasanttowalkamongthetrees.

pleasant,pleased都是形容詞，表示高興的，快樂的.pleasant常用來形容事物，而pleased常用來形容人，如:Iamvery

pleasedyou'vedecidedtocome.

among介詞，表示在…（三者以上）之間,between介詞，表示在兩者之間.

2.Donutsdon'tgrowontrees.

ontrees=onthetree表示樹本身所有物在樹上;inthetree表示外來物在樹上;如:Therearesomebirdsinthetree.

Therearemanyapplesonthetree.

3.Thenwecansitunderatreeintheshade.

intheshade是介詞短語，意思是在陰涼處.類似的短語有inthesun;inthelight;

4.A11plantstakeenergyfromthesunandmakeitintofood.

make…into…意思是把...制成如:Wecanmakethetreeintopaper.Wecanmakecottonintocloth.

make還可以構(gòu)成如下短語bemadeof\from\by\in等

5.Withoutfood,theywouldhavenothingtoeatandtheywoulddie.

without是介詞，意思是沒有，不，如Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.Fishcan't

livewithoutwater.

Iessonl4

1.Thereareabouteightythousanddifferentplantsintheworldthatpeoplecaneat.

thatpeoplecaneat是定語從句，修飾plants,that是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句,并代指plants,也可以用which來引導(dǎo).當(dāng)被

修飾的名詞是人時(shí)，可以用who,that,如Ilikethepresentthatyougaveme.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatFve

everread.Thewomanwhoisbabysittingthebabyismyaunt.

2.Buthalfoftheworld'sfoodcomesfromonlythreeplants:race,cornandwheat.

halfof...意思是…中的一半，當(dāng)它所指代的是不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，代表單數(shù).如果后面所接的是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，那么它所

代表的也是復(fù)數(shù)概念.如Halfofhismoneywasspentonbooks.HalfofthebookshereareinEnglish.Halfofthe

studentsinourclasslikemath.

allof...;aquarterof…和它類似.

3.Doctorsusemedicinetohelpsickpeople.

use...todosth.意思是用...來做如Weuseourfeetandlegstowalk.

sick是形容詞，意思是有病的,患病的，可作定語和表語;ill也是形容詞，意思相同，但只能作表語;如Hismotherwas

sick\illinbed.Therearemanysickpeopleinthedoctor'swaitingroom.

4.Doyouhaveahatmadeofstraw?

madeofstraw是過去分詞短語作后置定語，表示被動(dòng);如Doyouknowtheboynamedpeter?Thisisthecamera

boughtinjapan.

Iessonl5

1.1havealottowriteabouttoday.

towrite作后置定語，修飾alot,表示沒有做,要去做的動(dòng)作.如Ihavenothingtosay.Theyfoundaroomtolivein.

Shehasnopentowritewith.

2.Nowsth.newisgrowingatthetopofthestem.

sth.是不定代詞，應(yīng)看作第三人稱單數(shù).形容詞修飾它時(shí)應(yīng)作后置定語.如Sth.iswrongwithhiscomputer.Thereissth.

importantintoday'snewspaper.

3.Later,theheadwillturnintowheatseeds.

turninto...意思是變成…如Watercanturnintoice.

o…意思是把...變成如Heatturnswaterintovapor蒸汽.

相關(guān)的短語有changeinto...,o....

Unit3

lessonl7

l.SheplayswithmewhenIcomehomefromschool.

playwith…意思是與...玩，玩弄...如Don'tplaywithfire,it*sdangerous.

2.1willkeephimundermydesk.

keep的意思是使某人\某物保持某種狀態(tài)或某地位.如Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.These

gloveswillkeepyourhandswarm.I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.Youcan*tkeepducksintheclassroom.

keep還有飼養(yǎng)…的意思，如Hekeepsbees,goatsandhensonhisfarm.

3.1willneedtoplantatreeinmybedroom.

在肯定句中動(dòng)詞need通常用作行為動(dòng)詞，如Theyneedtofinishtheprojectontime.Youneedtotakeanumbrella

withyou.

在否定句和疑問句中,need即可用作行為動(dòng)詞,也可以用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如Youneednrtfinishthatworktoday.二You

don'tneedtofinishthatworktoday.Doyouneedtogoout?=Needyougoout?

need還可以用作名詞，如Thereisagreatneedforanewbookonthissubject.Thereisnodeedforyoutostartyet.

Iessonl8

l.Hewastalkingtomymum.

was\were+doing是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示在過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作汝口Hewasn'twatchingthehamburgersatthat

time.HewascookingsupperwhenIgothome.

Iessonl9

l.Thezooisopen.

open是形容詞,意思是開放的，可進(jìn)入的.如Thisgardenisopentothepublic.

open還可以表示開著的,營業(yè)的，等.如Hesleptintheroomwiththewindowopenlastnight.Theshopisn'topenon

sundays.Hiscoatwasopen.Thecagesarebigandopen.

2.1thasallkindsofanimals.

allkindsof意思是各種各樣的，如Allkindsofplantsweredisplayed,

differentkinds?！?.不同種類的...毋kindof…一種.…；

3.We'llneedourcapstoprotectusfromthesun.

protectsbAsth.against\fromsth.意思是保護(hù)'保衛(wèi)某人或某物不受…的侵害.如Iwaswearingafurcoattoprotect

myselffromthecold.Winterwheatlyingundersnowisprotectedagainstthecold.

4.Zooscanhelppeopletostopanimalsfromgoingextinct.

stopsb.fromdoingsth.意思是阻止某人做某事,在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中from可以省去,在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中from不可省去.如Please

don'tstophim(from)playingbasketball.Hewasstoppedfromplayingbasketball.Wealltriedtostophim(from)

smokinginbed.

Iesson20

1.1amatthezoowatchingalltheanimals,!wanttomakefriendswithonetoday.

atthezoo在動(dòng)物園，也可用作inthezoo.

makefriendswith…表示與…交朋友.

2.Throwsomefoodtotheducksbythewater.

Standsostillwhiletheywaddlemyway.

by是介詞，意思是在…旁邊,在…附近.如:Myhouseisbytheriver.

still可以作形容詞，意思是靜止的，不動(dòng)的;如:KeepstillwhileIcombyourhair.PleasestandstillwhileItakeyour

photograph.

still還可以作副詞，意思是還，仍然，仍舊;如:Heisstillsleeping.Thefistisstillalive.

while是連詞，意思是當(dāng)…的時(shí)候;如:ImetafriendwhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet.

3.1wantananimalfriendthatlikestojumpandrun,too.

thatlikestojumpandrun是定語從句，修飾先行詞ananimalfriend.

被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞.先行詞是人時(shí),關(guān)系詞通常用that或who\whom;先行詞

是事物時(shí),關(guān)系詞通常用that或which;關(guān)系詞在從句中除作狀語外，可以省去.如:Edisonwasamanwhonevergaveup.

SheisthegirlwhomImetattheparty.Thisisthehousewhere(二inwhich)Ilivedlastyear.Iknowtheboywhosefatheris

ateacher.Thehousewhichstandsonthehillismine.

lessonll

1.Theygothroughtheentrance.

through介詞,意思是(從…內(nèi)部)穿過.across指(從…表面上)橫過.如:Iwalkedacrossthesquaretothemuseum.

Wewalkedthroughtheforest.

2.Maybephotoswouldsurprisetheanimals.

maybe意思是大概，或許.如:Maybehedoesn'tknowit'sspring.Maybeyouputtheletterinyourpocket.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may和系動(dòng)詞be一起也可以表示可能是…的意思.如:Youmayberight.Ican*tfindmywatch.ltmaybe

inyourpocket.

3.Thendon'ttakephotosofme.

takephotosofsb.意思是給某人照相.

4.1t*snearlynoon,andhe'sstillsleeping.

nearly是副詞，意思是幾乎,差不多.如:Hurryup—it'snrarlytimeforschool.

nearly和almost都表示幾乎,差不多.在多數(shù)情況下,兩者之間沒有什么差另山一般來說almost所表達(dá)的程度比

nearly更接近一些.另外,nearly不能用于修飾否定詞，但可被not修飾;而almost可以和否定詞連用.

5.That'swherewegoout.

wherewegoout.是表語從句,where是引導(dǎo)詞.這樣的詞還有:wh-,that,because等.如:That'swhathesaid.

That'swhyIamsoworried.Thequestioniswhetherourparentswillagree.Theproblemiswhichisheavier.She

lookedasifshewereadoctor.

Iesson22

1.Letsplayajokeonsomeonetoday.

playajokeonsb.意思是開某人的玩笑，戲弄某人.如:Weallplayajokeonhim.

haveajokewithsb.意思是與某人一起開某人的玩笑.如:Istoppedtohaveajokewithhim.

makeajokeabout\ofsb.\sth.意思是拿某人（事）開玩笑.如:Don'tmakeajokeabouthim\hisshortcomings.

2.Let'stellDannythatthebeargotoutofthezoo.

getout（ofsth.）意思是從…里出來.

另外,這個(gè)短語還可以表示出外走走.如Welovetogetoutintothecountrysideatweekends.

Yououghttogetoutofyourhousemore.

getoutofsth.\doingsth.意思是逃避責(zé)任或義務(wù)，不做份內(nèi)的事，（使某人）放棄、停止或戒除（習(xí)慣等）。如Iwish

Icouldgetoutofgoingtothatmeeting.Ican'tgetoutofthehabitofwakingatsixinthemorning.

3.Wehearditontheradio.

on\overtheradio意思是通過無線電廣播。類似的短語有onthetelephone;onTV.

4.There,safiercebearcoming.

coming為現(xiàn)在分詞，作bear的定語，有正在到來的意思，相當(dāng)于定語從句thatiscoming汝口Thereisabaglyingon

theground.Therearesomeboysplayingfootballoverthere.

5.Youarejoking,aren'tyou?

該句是反意疑問句。反意疑問句由兩部分組成。前一部分是陳述句，后一部分是簡短問句，中間用逗號(hào)隔開。前

后兩部分遵循兩個(gè)一致，一個(gè)相反原則。如Thepenisyours,isn'tit?Heisn'tadoctor,ishe?Yourbrothercan

swim,can'the?Youdon'tstudyChiese,doyou?HeneverwatchesTV,doeshe?

Therewon'tbeanymeetingsnextweek,willthere?

6.Wetrickedoutyou,Danny!

trick是動(dòng)詞，意思是欺騙，欺詐。如Theyoungmantrickedmeoutof50yuan.

tricksb.outof+錢數(shù)。表示騙取某人多少錢。

lesson23

l.Oneoftheworld'sfirstzooswasinEgypt,about3500yearsago.

ago作副詞表示從現(xiàn)在算起的以前;before作副詞可表示從過去某一刻算起的以前。如1methimthreedaysago.I

saidIhadmethimthreedaysbefore.

before后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，可用于任何時(shí)態(tài)。如Shegottotheofficebeforefiveo'clock.Wehopetogethomebeforesix

o'clock.

2.Nootherpeoplecouldgo.

nootherpeople可以說成nobodyelse.如Nobodyelsecouldgothereexceptkings,queensandimportantpeople.

3.Egyptisfamousforitspyramids.

befamous\well-knownfor意思是以...著名;以...聞名.如Franceisfamousforitsfoodandwine.

Theplaceisfomousforitshotsprings.

befamousas…意思是作為…職業(yè)'身份而著名.如Heisfamousasawriter.

4.Peoplewenttothezootolearnaboutanimals.

tolearnaboutanimals是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語.如Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.Iwenttotheparktobreathe

thefreshair.

5.Zoosaretheonlyplacesthatsomekindsofanimalslivein.

thatsomekindsofanimalslivein是定語從句，修飾先行詞theonlyplaces.由于先行詞前有only,所以關(guān)系詞只能用

that.

Unit4

Iesson25

1.1fillajarwithwater.

fill...with...意思是用…裝滿...

befilledwith...二befullof...意思是充滿…如Onhearingthenews,hereyesarefilledwithtears.Theyfilledthe

holewithwater.

fillin...意思是填上…;填充如Fillintheblanks.

2.Then,Iturnthejarupsidedown.

upsidedown意思是向下翻轉(zhuǎn)過來如Thatpictureisupsidedown.Youholdthebookupsidedown.

rightsideup意思是正面朝上.

3.1thinkthefloorwillgetwet.

get作系動(dòng)詞,意思是變得，后跟形容詞作表語.如Thedaygetslongerinspring.

與get相關(guān)的詞組有：

getalong\on(well)with…與...(和睦)相處.如Iamgettingalong\onwellwithmyclassmates.

getawayfrom...意思是逃跑.如Thethiefgotawayfromthepolice.

getback意思是返回;要回或拿回.如Afteralongholiday,hehadtogetbacktowork.Pleasegetthebookbackfor

me.

getinlo…意思是上車汝口Hegotintothecar.

getoff...意思是下車;從…下來.如Hegotoffthetrain.

getup意思是起床;起身;站起.如Hesuddenlygotupfromthechair.Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.

gettogether意思是集合;團(tuán)聚.如Wewillgettogetherattheschoolgateandgotothepark.

getthrough意思是用電話聯(lián)系上…如Ioftengetthroughtomyfriends.

getto...意思是至達(dá)…如WewillgettoBeijingtomorrow.Hewillgethomebyfouro'clockthisafternoon.

4.I'msurethefloorwon'tgetwet.

sb.besure+that從句,意思是認(rèn)為…一定….否定形式是sb.besure+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句.如Tomissurethathewill

winthegame.Tomisnotsurewhetherhecanwinthegame.Fmnotsurewhenhe'Hcomehere.

5.Wecanprovewho'sright.

prove是及物動(dòng)詞,意思是證明，證實(shí).常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):provesth.(tosb.);prove(tosb.)that...;prove...(tobe)+adj\n.如

Thefacthasprovedtheman'shonestytousall.=Thefacthasprovedtousallthatthemanishonest.=Thefacthasproved

theman(tobe)honest.

prove也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是證明'表明(自己)是…,后跟形容詞或名詞.如Mytheorywillproverightsome

day.Duringthetrip,heprovedamanwithastrongwill.

6.We'lldotheexperimentandobservewhatwillhappen.

observe是動(dòng)詞，意思是觀察.observesb.do\doingsth.如Iobservedherdance.WhenIpassedbythegrass,!observed

himwalking.

Iesson26

1.1willasktheclasstomakeobservationsandguesswhatwillhappen.

makeobservations意思是觀察.如Whiledoingexperiments,youmustmakecarefulobservations.

這個(gè)短語還有做觀察報(bào)告，評(píng)述，評(píng)論的意思.如Ourgeographyteacherhasjustmadesomeinterestingobservations

onAfrica.

observation也可以用作不可數(shù)名詞.如Sheisinhospitalunderobservation.

Iesson27

1.Next,Brianwilltakehishandoffthecardboard.

takesth.offsth.意思是使某物離開或脫離…如Wouldyoumindtakingyourfootoffmyhand?

takeoff意思是起飛;脫下;匆忙離去.如Theplanetookoffat7a.m.Takeoffyourshoes,please.

Hetookoffforthestationinahurry.

2.Theforceisstrongenoughtoholdthewater.

adj\adv+enoughtodosth.意思是足夠...以至于能做某事.如Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.=Theboyisso

oldthathecangotoschool.=Heissuchanoldboythathecangotoschool.

enough作副詞，要放在被修飾的形容詞和副詞之后;作形容詞,通常放在被修飾的名詞之前.如Thishallislarge

enoughtoholdtwothousandpeople.Hewalksfastenoughtobehereintime.Hedoesn'thaveenoughmoneytogofor

traveling.I'msoory,butIhaven'tenoughtimetodothejob.

3.AirisstrongerthanIthought!

than可作連詞或介詞,用于引入比較級(jí)的后半部分，表示比…;如Sheisabetterplayerthanshewaslastyear.Heis

tallerthanme.HegetsupearlierthanI(do).

ratherthan意思是寧愿不愿與其...不如...如Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.

4.Puteightspoonfulsofcornstarchintothebowl.

spoonful是可數(shù)名詞，意思是一勺的量.如aspoonfulofsugar.類似的還有twocupfulsofmilk;afewmouthfuls

oftea;ahandfulofflowers.

Iesson28

1.Thattastessogreat.

taste作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語，意思是嘗起來…如Themeattastesgood.Ittastesbetterthanlooks.

2.AndIwilleatuntilmyplateisempty.

延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞…表示一直...直到??.為止.如You'dbetterwaituntilhecomesback.IwillwatchTVuntilmy

fathercomesback.我一直看電視直到我爸爸回來為止.

瞬間性動(dòng)詞'延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞+not+until\till…表示直至k.才…如Iwon'twatchTVuntilmyfathercomesback.我直到爸

爸回來才看電電視.Ididn'tgotobeduntilmyfathercameback.我直到爸爸回來才睡覺.Hedidn'tgooutuntilhe

finishedhishomework.他直到完成作業(yè)才出去.

另,untiNill作連詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)時(shí),從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來代替.如Ishallwaithere

untilhearrives.Iwillwaituntilhereturns.

Iesson29

1.Dannyisatthepark.

atthepark=inthepark

2.Debbiewillhavefunlookingforthem.

havefun相當(dāng)于enjoyoneself意思是玩得高興，過得愉快.如Wehadlotsoffunonthesportsgroundtoday.=We

enjoyedourselvesverymuchonthesportsgroundtoday.

havefundoingsth.表示做某事有樂趣.

Itis（not）funtodo\doingsth.二Thereismuch\nofunindoingsth.意思是做…有（無）樂趣.如Itisfuntocookameal

myself.=There*smuchfunincookingamealmyself.Thereisnotmuchfuningoingtoapartyalone.=Ifsnotfuntogoto

apartyalong.

3.1can'tmakeeggs.

makeeggs意思是產(chǎn)卵，下蛋.還可以說成layeggs.

4.Canyoufindthem?

辨析:find,lookfor,findout,huntfor

find強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果，意思是找到.如Hefoundhislostpen.

lookfor強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程，意思是尋找.如Heislookingforhislostpen.

findout強(qiáng)調(diào)（經(jīng)過一番努力之后）找到…;查明....Atlast,theyfoundoutwhostolethebike.

huntforsb.\sth.意思是尋找某人或某物.與lookfor同義.如Thepolicearehuntingforthethief.

5.Nowmybasketisfullofeggs.

befullof..?意思是充滿...=befilledwith...如Thebusisfullofpeople.=Thebusisfilledwithpeople.

Iesson30

l.Fillthedishhalffullofwater.

half是副詞，意思是部分地,一半地,差不多.如Thebottleisonlyhalffull.

half也可作形容詞，名詞，意思是半個(gè)的，一半的，一半.如halfayear=ahalfyear;halfanhour=ahalfhour;Halfofthem

arealreadyhere.Twohalvesmakeawhole.

2.Tomakeacandleburn,you”light"it.

make\let\havesthAsb.dosth.意思是使某物或某人做某事.如Letthecandlebumfortwoorthreeminutes.

3.Asthecandlebums,itusesupoxygenintheair.

l)as作連詞的各種用法

as...as...結(jié)構(gòu)中第二個(gè)as是連詞，它往往連接一個(gè)不完整的句子，表示比較,意思是和…一樣…;像..一樣.…如John

isashealthyashissister.

表示方式,意思是像，按照，如同.如RunasIdo.Leaveitasitis.

表示時(shí)間,意思是當(dāng)…的時(shí)候,一邊…一邊…，隨著汝口Shesangassheworked.Isawhimashewasgettingoffthe

bus.Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.

表示原因,意思是因?yàn)?如Asyouaretired,youbadbetterrest.

表示讓步,意思是雖然盡管.如Richasheis,heisnothappy.MuchasIlikeit,Iwillnotbuyit.

2)usesth.up意思是用盡利用如Sheusedupthechickenbonestomakesoup.Whenthecandlestopsburning,it

hasusedupalltheoxygenintheair.

4.Thereisaboutone-fifthoxygenintheair,sothewaterrisesandfillsaboutone-fifthofthejar.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)形式:分子用

基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1,分母加s.概括為口訣:分子基，分母序,分子＞1,分母加s.如l/2=one/ahalf=one

second=one-second;1/3=onethird=one-third;2/3=twothirds=two-thirds;

l/4=one/aquarter=one-quarter;3/4=threequarters=three-quarters;3/5=threefifths二three■仔fths;

5.Thecandleholderis"holding"thecandle.

hold為動(dòng)詞，意思是拿，抓，握，抱，保持溶納.如ShallIholdyourbag?Heheldabookinhishand.

Heheldhisheadup.Idon'tthinkthecarwillholdyouall.

Iesson31

l.Doyouwanttosurpriseyourfriends?

surprise是動(dòng)詞，意思是使驚奇，使感到意外.如Itsurprisedmetoseesomanypeoplehere.

它還可以作名詞,意思是驚奇，驚訝，詫異，意外之事.常用的有兩個(gè)短語:toone^surprise;insurprise汝口Tomy

surprisetheplansucceeded.ShelookedupinsurprisewhenIentered.

surprise對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞有兩個(gè):surprised和surprising.

surprised意思是感到驚奇的.如Wearesurprisedatthenews.Areyousurprised,class?Weweresurprisedtolearn

thathewasFrench.

surprising意思是使人驚訝的，出人意料的，驚人的.如Weknewthesurprisingfact.Wearesurprisedat