學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting

學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件-Academic-writing學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件-Academic-writing學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件-Academic-writingResearchPaperResearchReportDissertation/Thesis1學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024ResearchPaperResearchReportDissertation/Thesis2學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024GeneralFormat:IMRADIntroduction,MaterialsandMethods,ResultsandDiscussion3學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024PreparingforaResearchPaperChoosingaTopicPreparingtheReferencesAnalyzingtheDataMakingtheOutline4學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024TheStructureofaResearchPaperTitleAbstractIntroductionMaterialsandMethodsResultsDiscussionAcknowledgementReferences5學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024CharacteristicsofAcademicWritingCreativityScientificityStandardization6學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024RequirementsFormatLanguageexpressionAvoidanceofPlagiarism7學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024AbstractThetypesofAbstractInformativeIndicativeSamplesonP.238SamplesonP.2408學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024Fourbasicunitsofanabstract

Objectivesoftheresearchpaper(論文所研究的具體對象)Methodologyyouusedintheresearch(運用的具體方法)Thefindingsfromtheresearch(得出的具體結(jié)果)Conclusionsinducedfromthefindingorexperiments(結(jié)果進(jìn)行剖析而得出的具有創(chuàng)新性的結(jié)論)9學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024以上述四要素為依托，找出每部分專指度高的主題概念詞，然后正確地組織好這些反映主題內(nèi)容的主題概念詞，用邏輯性強的關(guān)聯(lián)詞將其貫穿起來，就構(gòu)成一篇完整的摘要，再以表現(xiàn)論文的主題內(nèi)容為主旨，以主題詞為工具，經(jīng)過耐心地推敲、簡化，力求使摘要簡明扼要，邏輯性強，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。usesoneormorewelldevelopedparagraphs:theseareunified,coherent,concise,andabletostandalone.10學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024英文摘要的寫法除了具有中、英文摘要的共性外，還有自己獨特的個性，一般應(yīng)符合以下幾點要求：1.盡量用簡、短的句子，避免句形單調(diào)，組織好句子，使動詞盡量靠近主語，盡量用簡短、詞義清楚并為人熟知的詞；E.g.thepaperexplores……

2.用過去時態(tài)敘述作者所做的工作，用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)敘述作者得出的結(jié)果、結(jié)論，盡量用主動語態(tài)代替被動語態(tài)；（不出現(xiàn)人稱主語，客觀事實作主語表態(tài)時，要用被動）Iinducedthreefindings(×)/theexperimentinducedthreefindings(×)Threefindingsareinducedfromtheexperiment

11學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/20243.可用動詞的情況下盡量避免用動詞的名詞形式；E.g.thefindingsoftheseinvestigationssuggests(makeasuggestion)

transientadaptationreferstotherapid…(isthereferencetothe)4.避免使用一長串形容詞或名語為修飾名詞，可將這些詞分成幾個前置短語，用連字符連接，作為單位形容詞（一個形容詞）；E.g.heaskedwithafather-knows-besttone

12學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024不使用俚詞外語表達(dá)概念，慎用行話和俗語，應(yīng)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語；

對那些已經(jīng)為大眾所熟悉的縮寫詞，可以直接使用，對于那些僅為同行所熟悉縮略語，應(yīng)在題目、文摘或關(guān)鍵詞中至少出現(xiàn)一次全稱。

13學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024SuggestionsonwritingabstractsMakeyourabstractsinformative,notdescriptive.Thatis,makeyourabstractsshortsummariesofyourpaper,includingespeciallyanyconclusionsyoumayhavedrawnorrecommendationsyoumayhavemade.Agoodinformativeabstractmaystatetheproblemyouareexaminingortheprocedureyouhavecarriedout,yourpurposeindoingit,yourresults,andyourconclusionsorrecommendations.Mostabstractsarelimitedtooneparagraphandmustthereforebeconstructedwithcare.14學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024Anabstractconsistsof3parts:purpose,result/conclusion,andrecommendation.Thepresenttense,pasttenseandthepresentperfecttenseareoftenusedinanabstract;thethirdpersonshouldbeusedinwritinganabstract.Avoidusing“firstperson”like“Istudied…”“wethinkthat…”“I/weconcluded…”15學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024youneedtowatchon“don’ts”Donotcommencewith"thispaper…”,"thisreport…"orsimilar.Itisbettertowriteabouttheresearchthanaboutthepaper.Avoidsentencesthatendin"…isdescribed","…isreported","…isanalyzed"orsimilar.16學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024Usefulexpressions

Inthefirstpartofanabstract(1)theauthortellsaboutthewriterdescribesthepaperexploreslooksatrefersto(2)thepurposeofthispaperistoV(presents,)aninvestigationwasdesignedtoV(prove,generalize)theconceptof…isusedtodetermine…(3)thepaperdealswith……17學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/20242．如果需要簡略回顧歷史，然后再說明自己文章的內(nèi)容，則可參考采用下面的句子：Theproblem…wasfirsttreatedby…andlater…improvedby….Thepurposeofthispaperistoprovethatitholdsinamoregeneralcase.…firstraisedtheproblemwhichwaslaterpartlysolvedby….Wenowsolvethisprobleminthecaseof…18學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024Inthesecondpartofanabstract(1)ItisfoundthatTheauthorconcludesthat+S+V…Thepaperconcludes(2)ItisseenfromFig.4that…theresultsaregiveninFig.4…Inthelastpartofanabstract(1)ItissuggestedItisrecommended+that+S+V…(2)

Theresultssuggest/showthat…Itisrecommendedthat…19學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024TaskDiscusswithyourpartnerandtranslatethefollowingabstract20學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024本文首先從嚴(yán)復(fù)的著名翻譯三原則出發(fā)，對當(dāng)今的中國翻譯研究現(xiàn)狀做出批評性描述，然后就中英互譯中的一些問題做出新的范式。作者認(rèn)為，由于中英兩種語言屬于不同的文化傳統(tǒng)，因而不存在決對的對應(yīng)，但是通過認(rèn)真的比較研究，相對的對應(yīng)仍可獲得。21學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作課件Academicwriting5/8/2024ThearticlepresentsacriticalsurveyofthestateoftheartofcontemporaryChinesetranslationstudiesbyquestioningYanFu’sfamousprincipleregardingliterarytranslation.ItoffersanewparadigminregardtotranslationfromEnglishintoChineseandviceverse,namelythat,toanauthor,thereisnosuchthingasabsoluteequivalenceinthecontextofChinese-EnglishorEnglish-Chines