病理學（南開大學）-知到答案、智慧樹答案

病理學（南開大學）-知到答案、智慧樹答案緒論單元測試1、問題：Techniquesusedforcollectingbiopsysampleinclude:（）選項：A:LocalexcisionB:EndoscopicforcepsC:DeeporganpunctureD:ScratchingE:Alltheotheroptionsareincluded答案:【Alltheotheroptionsareincluded】第一章單元測試1、問題：A17-year-oldboyinfectedwithhepatitisAexperiencesmildnauseaforabout1weekanddevelopsverymildscleralicterus.Onphysicalexamination,hehasminimalrightupperquadranttenderness.Laboratoryfin選項：A:DispersionofribosomesB:AutophagybylysosomesC:SwellingofthemitochondriaD:ClumpingofnuclearchromatinE:Defectsinthecellmembrane答案:【Defectsinthecellmembrane】2、問題：Anexperimentanalyzescellsforenzymeactivityassociatedwithsustainedcellularproliferation.Whichofthefollowingcellsismostlikelytohavethehighesttelomeraseactivity?選項：A:EndothelialcellsB:GermcellsC:NeuronsD:NeutrophilsE:Erythrocytes答案:【Neurons】3、問題：Inaclinicaltrial,achemotherapeuticagentisgiventopatientswithbreastcancermetastases.Samplesofthecancercellsareobtainedandassessedforthepresenceofdeathoftumorcellsbyapoptosis.Mut選項：A:BCL-2B:p53C:NF-kappaBD:CytochromeP-450E:GranzymeB答案:【NF-kappaB】4、問題：A22-year-oldwomanhasacongenitalanemiathathasrequiredmultipletransfusionsofRBCsformanyyears.Onphysicalexamination,shenowhasnosignificantfindings;however,liverfunctiontestsshowreduc選項：A:SteatosisinhepatocytesB:BilirubinincanaliculiC:GlycogeninhepatocytesD:AmyloidinportaltriadsE:Hemosiderininhepatocytes答案:【Hemosiderininhepatocytes】5、問題：A69-year-oldmanhashaddifficultywithurination,includinghesitancyandfrequency,forthepast5years.Adigitalrectalexaminationrevealsthattheprostateglandispalpablyenlargedtoabouttwicenormalsize.Aobtainedisthatofnodulesofglandswithinterveningstroma.Whichofthefollowingpathologicprocesseshasmostlikelyoccurredintheprostate?選項：A:ApoptosisB:DysplasiaC:FattychangeD:HyperplasiaE:HypertrophyF:Metaplasia答案:【Hyperplasia】6、問題：A33-year-oldwomanhashadincreasinglethargyanddecreasedurineoutputforthepastweek.Laboratorystudiesshowserumcreatininelevelof4.3mg/dLandureanitrogenlevelof40mg/dL.Arenalbiopsyisperf選項：A:MitochondrialswellingB:PlasmamembraneblebsC:ChromatinclumpingD:NuclearfragmentationE:Ribosomaldisaggregation答案:【Nuclearfragmentation】7、問題：A63-year-oldmanhasa2-yearhistoryofworseningcongestiveheartfailure.Anechocardiogramshowsmitralstenosiswithleftatrialdilation.Athrombusispresentintheleftatrium.Onemonthlater,heexperiencesleftflankpain選項：A:LiquefactivenecrosisB:CaseousnecrosisC:CoagulativenecrosisD:FatnecrosisE:Gangrenousnecrosis答案:【Coagulativenecrosis】8、問題：Onaroutinevisittothephysician,anotherwisehealthy51-year-oldmanhasabloodpressureof150/95mmHg.Ifthepatient'shypertensionremainsuntreatedforyears,Whichofthefollowingcellularchangesisunlikelytooccurinmyocardium?選項：A:AtrophyB:HyperplasiaC:MetaplasiaD:HemosiderosisE:Hypertrophy答案:【Atrophy;Hyperplasia;Metaplasia;Hemosiderosis】9、問題：Inanexperiment,cellsaresubjectedtoradiantenergyintheformofx-rays.Thisresultsincellinjurycausedbyhydrolysisofwater.Whichofthefollowingcellularenzymesdoesnotprotectcellsfromthisdamage?選項：A:PhospholipaseB:GlutathioneperoxidaseC:EndonucleaseD:LactatedehydrogenaseE:Protease答案:【Phospholipase;Endonuclease;Lactatedehydrogenase;Protease】10、問題：A68-year-oldwomansuddenlylostconsciousnessand,onawakening1hourlater,shecouldnotspeakormoveherrightarmandleg.Twomonthslater,aheadCTscanshowedalargecysticareaintheleftparietallobe.選項：A:FatnecrosisB:CoagulativenecrosisC:ApoptosisD:LiquefactivenecrosisE:Karyolysis答案:【Liquefactivenecrosis】第二章單元測試1、問題：A60-year-oldwomandevelopedchestpainthatpersistedfor4hours.Aradiographicimagingprocedureshowedanapparentmyocardialinfarctioninvolvinga3×4cmareaoftheposteriorleftventricularfreewall.Larrhythmicandpressoragentstotreatthedecreasedcardiacoutputwhileinthehospital.Whichofthefollowingpathologicfindingswouldmostlikelybeseenintheleftventriclelmonthlater?選項：A:AbscessB:CompleteresolutionC:CoagulativenecrosisD:NodularregenerationE:Fibrousscar答案:【Fibrousscar】2、問題：Anexperimentinfectsonegroupoftestanimalswithviralhepatitis.Twomonthslater,completerecoveryofthenormalliverarchitectureisobservedwhentheliversfromtheseanimalsareexaminedmicr選項：A:NatureoftheetiologicagentB:ExtentoflivercellinjuryC:InjurytotheconnectivetissueframeworkD:LocationofthelesionE:Extentofdamagetothebileducts答案:【Injurytotheconnectivetissueframework】3、問題：A23-year-oldwomanreceivingcorticosteroidtherapyforanautoimmunediseasehasanabscessonherupperouterrightarm.Sheundergoesminorsurgerytoinciseanddraintheabscess,butthewoundhealspoorly選項：A:Re-epithelizationB:FibroblastgrowthfactorelaborationC:CollagendepositionD:SerineproteinaseproductionE:Neutrophilinfiltration答案:【Collagendeposition】4、問題：Acesareansectionisperformedona20-year-oldwomantodeliveraterminfant,andthelowerabdominalincisionissutured.Thesuturesareremovedlweeklater.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthewoundsiteatthetimeofsuturerem選項：A:GranulationtissueisstillpresentB:CollagendegradationexceedssynthesisC:Woundstrengthis80%ofnormaltissueD:TypeIVcollagenpredominatesE:Nomorewoundstrengthwillbegained答案:【Granulationtissueisstillpresent】5、問題：A40-year-oldmanunderwentlaparotomyforaperforatedsigmoidcolondiverticulum.Awoundinfectioncomplicatedthepostoperativecourse,andsurgicalwounddehiscenceoccurred.Primaryclosurewasnol選項：A:IncreaseinsynthesisofcollagenB:MyofibroblastcontractionC:InhibitionofmetalloproteinasesD:ResolutionofsubcutaneousedemaE:Elaborationofadhesiveglycoproteins答案:【Myofibroblastcontraction】6、問題：Inanexperimentinvolvingobservationsonwoundhealing,researchersnotedthatintracytoplasmiccytoskeletalelements,includingactin,interactwiththeextracellularmatrixtopromotecellattachme選項：A:EpidermalgrowthfactorB:FibronectinC:IntegrinD:Platelet-derivedgrowthfactor答案:【Integrin】7、問題：Inanexperiment,releaseofepidermalgrowthfactorintoanareaofdenudedskincausesmitogenicstimulationoftheskinepithelialcells.Whichofthefollowingproteinsismostlikelytobeinvolvedintran選項：A:GproteinsB:RASproteinsC:CyclinDD:CyclicAMPE:Cyclin-dependentkinase答案:【RASproteins】8、問題：Anexperimentanalyzesfactorsinvolvedinthecellcycleduringgrowthfactor-inducedcellularregenerationinatissueculture.CyclinBsynthesisisinduced;thecyclinBthenbindsandactivatescyclin-dependentkinase1(CDK1).Theactivekinaseproducedbythisprocessismostlikelytocontrolprogressioninwhichofthefollowingphasesofthecellcycle?選項：A:G0toG1B:G1toSC:StoG2D:G2toME:MtoG1答案:【G2toM】9、問題：Anexperimentisconductedinvolvingcellularaspectsofwoundhealing.Componentsoftheextracellularmatrixareanalyzedtodeterminetheirsitesofproductionandtheirbindingpatternstoothertissu選項：A:HeparinB:DermatansulfateC:ProcollagenD:FibronectinE:Hyaluronicacid答案:【Fibronectin】10、問題：Inanexperiment,surgicalincisionsaremadeinastudygroupoflaboratoryrats.Observationsaboutthewoundsarerecordedovera2-weekperiodusingavarietyofchemicalmediators.Whichofthefollowingstepsintheinflammatory-repairresponseisimpossibleaffectedbyneutralizationoftransforminggrowthfactor-β?選項：A:LeukocyteextravasationB:IncreaseinvascularpermeabilityC:ProductionofcollagenD:ChemotaxisoflymphocytesE:Migrationofepithelialcells答案:【Leukocyteextravasation;Increaseinvascularpermeability;Chemotaxisoflymphocytes;Migrationofepithelialcells】第三章單元測試1、問題：A52-year-oldwomanwithnomajormedicalproblemstakesalongairplaneflightacrossthePacificOcean.UponarrivalatSydney'sKingsfordSmithairportfollowingtheflightfromLosAngeles,shecannotputhe選項：A:ActivationofHagemanfactorhasledtobradykininproduction.B:Alotofdrinkswereservedinthefirstclasssection.C:Femoralveinthrombosisdeveloped.D:Acellulitisdevelopedinherlegs.E:Venoushydrostaticpressurebecameincreased.答案:【Venoushydrostaticpressurebecameincreased.】2、問題：A56-year-oldmanhashadincreasingdifficultybreathingforthepastweek.Onphysicalexaminationhehasnofever.Auscultationofhischestrevealsdiminishedbreathsoundsanddullnesstopercussionbilaterally選項：A:HypoalbuminemiaB:GlucosuriaC:NeutrophiliaD:AnemiaE:Hypernatremia答案:【Hypoalbuminemia】3、問題：Astudyofatherogenesisisperformed.Thereisapropensityforatheromastoformatmusculararterialbranchpoints,suchasthecarotidandaorticbifurcations.Whichofthefollowingeventsinthearteries選項：A:CollagensynthesisB:EndothelialdysfunctionC:LacticacidosisD:CholesterolbreakdownE:Hypoxemia答案:【Endothelialdysfunction】4、問題：A61-year-oldmanhasthesuddenonsetofseverechestpain.VitalsignsincludeT37°C,P102/minute,RR20/minute,andBP80/40mmHg.Anelectrocardiogramdemonstrateschangesthatareconsistentwithmyo選項：A:CellularregenerationB:Drug-inducednecrosisC:ReperfusioninjuryD:IncreasedsynthesisofcreatinekinaseE:Myofiberatrophy答案:【Reperfusioninjury】5、問題：Aclinicalstudyisperformedwithsubjectswhohavethrombocytopenia<10,000/microliter.Thesepatientsareobservedtohavedefectsincoagulationwithspontaneousbleedingcharacterizedbymultiplepetechiaeandpurpuraandstoolsamplespositiveforoccultblood.Whichofthefollowingcoagulationfunctionsismostlikelytoremainlargelyintactinthesepatients?選項：A:AdherencetoinjuredvascularwallsB:ConversionoffibrinogentofibrinC:InductionofvasoconstrictionD:IncreaseinsurfacesitesforcoagulationE:Releaseofsubstancesthatneutralizeheparin答案:【Conversionoffibrinogentofibrin】6、問題：A70-year-oldmanseeksmedicalattentionbecauseofshortnessofbreathonminimalexertion.Aposteroanteriorchestradiographrevealsbluntingoftherightcostophrenicsulcusinterpretedasaright-sidedpleuraleffusion.Theaspiratedfluidisstrawcoloredandclear.Theproteinconcentrationislow,andthespecificgravityis1.011.Microscopicexaminationrevealsanoccasionalmesothelialcell.W選項：A:DecreasedoncoticpressureB:LeftventricularheartfailureC:MesotheliomaD:PneumoniaE:Tuberculosis答案:【Leftventricularheartfailure】7、問題：Twodaysfollowingacholecystectomy,a32-year-oldhospitalizedwomanhassuddenonsetofdyspnea,pleuralpain,andcoughproductiveoffrothy,blood-tingedsputum.Ventilation-perfusionscintigraphyindicatesaperfusiondefect.Ifitwerepossibletoexamineaportionoftheaffectedlung,whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyhavebeenfound?選項：A:AirembolismB:Anemic(whiteorpale)infarctionC:Disseminatedintravascularcoagulation(DIC)D:GeneralizedthrombosisE:Hemorrhagic(red)infarct答案:【Hemorrhagic(red)infarct】8、問題：A36-year-oldmandiesduringcardiacsurgery.Hehadahistoryoflong-standingrheumaticheartdiseasewithmitralstenosis.Atautopsy,thepathologistreportsfindingsconsistentwithmitralstenosisandnotedthepresenceof‘heartfailurecells’.Thisfindingresultsfrom().選項：A:activationofthecoagulationcascadeB:chronicpassivecongestionofthelungsC:hypoxicmyocardialinjuryD:myocardialhyperemiaE:hyperemiaofthelungs答案:【chronicpassivecongestionofthelungs】9、問題：Duringalaboratoryexerciseoncoagulationtesting,a23-year-oldmedicalstudentisfoundtohaveaprolongedbleedingtime.Shehashadalonghistoryof‘easybleeding’withfrequentbleedingofthegums,epistaxis,cutaneousbleeding,andmenorrhagia.Furthertes選項：A:AdhesionB:ConformationalchangewithactivationofphospholipidsurfaceC:FormationoffibrinogenbridgesD:ReleasereactionE:Stabilizationofplateletplug答案:【Adhesion】10、問題：Fluidisaspiratedfromthegrosslydistendedabdomenofa47-year-oldchronicalcoholicman.Thefluidisstrawcoloredandclearandisfoundtohaveaproteincontent(largelyalbumin)of2.5g/dL.Whichofthefollowingisnotthemaincauseofthepatient'sfluidaccumula選項：A:BlockageoflymphaticsB:DecreasedoncoticpressureC:DecreasedsodiumretentionD:IncreasedcapillarypermeabilityE:Inflammatoryexudation答案:【Blockageoflymphatics;Decreasedsodiumretention;Increasedcapillarypermeability;Inflammatoryexudation】第四章單元測試1、問題：A22-year-oldmandevelopsmarkedrightlowerquadrantabdominalpainoverthepastday.Onphysicalexaminationthereisreboundtendernessonpalpationovertherightlowerquadrant.Laparoscopicsurgeryisp選項：A:ComplementC3bandIgGB:Interleukin-1andtumornecrosisfactorC:HistamineandserotoninD:ProstaglandinandbradykininE:LeukotrieneandHPETE答案:【Prostaglandinandbradykinin】2、問題：A45-year-oldmanhasbeenworkinghardalldaylongcarryingloadsofbrickstobuildawall.Hetakesanon-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug(ibuprofen).Whichofthefollowingprocessesisthisdrugmostlikelytodiminishinhisarms?選項：A:ThrombosisB:PainC:NecrosisD:FibrinolysisE:Scarformation答案:【Pain】3、問題：Withinminutesfollowingabeesting,a37-year-oldmandevelopsmarkedrespiratorystridorwithdyspneaandwheezing.Healsodevelopsswellinganderythemaseeninhisarmsandlegs.Aninjectionofepinephrinehelpstoreversetheseeventsandhe選項：A:BradykininB:ComplementC5aC:NitricoxideD:TumornecrosisfactorE:Histamine答案:【Histamine】4、問題：Inanexperiment,lymphaticchannelsareobservedinnormalsofttissuepreparations.Staphylococcusaureusorganismsareinnoculatedintothetissuesandtheimmunologicresponseisobservedoverth選項：A:CarrylymphocytestoperipheraltissuesitesB:RemoveextravasculartissuefluidC:TransportantigenpresentingcellsD:ServeasaroutefordisseminationofinfectionE:Provideanemigrationpointforneutrophils答案:【Transportantigenpresentingcells】5、問題：A65-year-oldwomanhashadafeverforthepastday.Onphysicalexaminationhertemperatureis39°Candbloodpressure90/50mmHgwithheartrateof106/minute.LaboratorystudiesshowaWBCcountof12,510選項：A:NitricoxideB:BradykininC:HistamineD:ProstacyclinE:ComplementC3a答案:【Nitricoxide】6、問題：A56-year-oldmanhashadincreasingdyspneafor6years.Hehasnocoughorfever.Hehadchronicexposuretoinhalationofsilicadustformanyyearsinhisjob.Achestx-raynowshowsincreasedinterstitialmarkingsandparenchymal1to3cmsolidnodules.Hispulmonaryproblemsaremostlikelytobemediatedthroughwhichofthefollowinginflammatoryprocesses?選項：A:NeutrophilicinfiltratesproducingleukotrienesB:ForeignbodygiantcellformationC:PlasmacellsynthesisofimmunoglobulinsD:MastcellhistaminereleaseE:Macrophageelaborationofcytokines答案:【Macrophageelaborationofcytokines】7、問題：A40-year-oldwomanhadlaparoscopicsurgery3monthsago.Nowshehasasmall0.5cmnodulebeneaththeskinattheincisionsitethatwassutured.Whichofthefollowingcelltypesismostlikelytobemostcharacte選項：A:MastcellB:EosinophilC:GiantcellD:NeutrophilE:Plasmacell答案:【Giantcell】8、問題：A43-year-oldwomanhashadachroniccoughwithfeverandweightlossforthepastmonth.Achestradiographrevealsmultiplenodulesfrom1to4cminsize,someofwhichdemonstratecavitationintheupperlobes.選項：A:MacrophageB:FibroblastC:NeutrophilD:MastcellE:Platelet答案:【Macrophage】第五章單元測試1、問題：Whichoneofthefollowingitemsismosthelpfulindistinguishingpoorlydifferentiatedcarcinomafromsarcoma?選項：A:ThegrowthpatternB:ThemannerofspreadC:TheageofpatientD:ThelocationofthetumorE:Reticulumfiberstain答案:【Reticulumfiberstain】2、問題：ThepatientsurvivalratewithstageT4N1M1neoplam5yearsfromthetimeofdiagnosisislessthan50%,regardlessoftherapy.Whichofthefollowingclinicalfindingsismostlikelytobecharacteristicoft選項：A:CachexiaB:CardiacmurmurC:IcterusE:Splenomegaly答案:【Cachexia】3、問題：Ahealthy22-year-oldwomanundergoesaroutinephysicalexamination.Adiscrete,firm,rubbery,movablemassisfoundintheleftbreast.Shehasnoaxillarylymphadenopathy.Theskinoverlyingthebreastandthenipple選項：A:LipomaB:IntraductalcarcinomaC:MalignantlymphomaD:FibroadenomaE:Leiomyoma答案:【Fibroadenoma】4、問題：62-year-oldmanhascomplainedofpainonurinationforthepastweek.Heisafebrile.Oncystoscopy,aslightlyerythematous1cmdiameterareaisseenonthebladdermucosa.Thisareaisbiopsiedandonmicroscop選項：A:MetaplasiaB:MinimaldysplasiaC:MicroinvasionD:HyperplasiaE:Carcinomainsitu答案:【Carcinomainsitu】5、問題：A60-year-oldmanwhohasa90packyearhistoryofcigarettesmokinghashadachroniccoughforthepast10years.Hehasbeguntoloseweight(3kg)duringthepastyear.Noabnormalfindingsarenotedonphysicalex選項：A:BloodstreamB:PleuralcavityC:ContiguousspreadtochestwallE:Bronchi答案:【】6、問題：Allneoplasmsarecollectivelyreferredtoascancers.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】7、問題：Papillomaisabenignneoplasmthatmostoftenarisesfromsurfaceepithelium.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】8、問題：Poorlydifferentiatedsquamouscellcarcinomasformintercellularbridgesandpinkkeratinizedcytoplasm.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】9、問題：Paraneoplasticsyndromescanbeexplainedbytheanatomicdistributionofthetumor.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】10、問題：Biopsyofsentinellymphnodesisoftenusedtoassessthepresenceorabsenceofmetastaticlesionsinthelymphnodes.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】第六章單元測試1、問題：50-year?old?man?has?blood?pressure?of?150/90?mm?Hg（normalblood?pressure?is?120/90?mm?Hg）.?If?this?person?remains?untreated?for?years,which?of?the?following?alterations?will?be?seen?in?the?myocardium?選項：A:AtrophyB:MetaplasiaC:HypertrophyD:DysplasiaE:Necrosis答案:【Hypertrophy】2、問題：A65-year-oldmanwasfoundtohavea5-cmpulsatilemassinhisabdomenduringaroutinephysicalexamination.Angiographyrevealsamarkeddilationinhisaortadistaltotherenalarteries.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelycauseofthisa選項：A:AcongenitaldefectB:HypertensionD:RheumaticfeverE:Atherosclerosis答案:【Atherosclerosis】3、問題：40.A65-year-oldmandevelopsintensecrushingsubsternal,chestpainthatisnotrelievedbynitroglycerin.TheECGshowsST-segmentelevationandabnormalQwaves.Hisconditionrapidlyworsensandhedies2dayslater.Atautopsya2.5cm2necroticareaisfoundthatinvolvestheanteriorleftventricle.Whatisthemostlikelyca選項：A:FibrinoidnecrosisofmaintrunkofleftcoronaryarteryB:SeverestenosisofallthreemainbranchesofcoronaryarterywithoutthrombosisC:ThrombosisoftheanteriordescendingbranchoftheleftcoronaryarteryD:Completeocclusionoftheleftcircumflexcoronaryartery答案:【Thrombosisoftheanteriordescendingbranchoftheleftcoronaryartery】4、問題：A57-year-oldmanhashadbloodpressuremeasurementsintherangeof160/95to180/110mmHgformanyyears.Hehastakennomedications.Arenalscanrevealskidneysofnormalsizeforage.Thesefindingswith選項：A:HyalinearteriolosclerosisB:Monckeberg'smedialcalcificsclerosisC:ComplexcalcifiedatherosclerosisD:ArterialmuralthrombosisE:Hyperplasticarteriolosclerosis答案:【Hyalinearteriolosclerosis】5、問題：A51-year-oldmanhasthesuddenonsetofsubsternalchestpainwhichradiatestohisleftarmandneck.Hebecomeslight-headedanddiaphoreticoverthenext8hours.Hegoestotheemergencyroom.Onexaminationheisafebrilebuthasaheartrateof96/minutewithanirregularrhythm.Laboratorystudiesshowanincreaseds選項：A:MacrophageinfiltrationB:CoagulativeNecrosisC:NeutrophilicinfiltrationD:CapillaryproliferationE:Collagendeposition答案:【CoagulativeNecrosis】6、問題：Peripheralarterydiseasedevelopsifplaquedepositsblockbloodflowtothearteriesthatsupplythearms,pelvis,orlegs.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】7、問題：Grossfeatureofhypertensiveheartdiseaseisleftventricalhypertrophy.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】8、問題：Familyhistory,age,geneticabnormalities,anddiet,theseareallcalledconstitutionalriskfactor.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】9、問題：Myocardialruptureismostcommon10-14daysafterinfarction.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】10、問題：Fattystreaksarecomposedofsmoothmusclecells.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】第七章單元測試1、問題：Anasymptomatic10-year-oldchildwithachestradiographshowingasubpleuralnoduleintherightmid-lungfieldandenlargedmediastinallymphnodesprobablyhas:選項：A:AspergillosisB:PrimarytuberculosisC:CoccidiodomycosisD:SecondarytuberculosisE:Miliarytuberculosis答案:【Primarytuberculosis】2、問題：Ifapersonquitssmoking,he/shecanexpecttobenefitfromallofthefollowingEXCEPT:選項：A:DiminshedriskforlungcancerB:ReversalofemphysematouschangesC:AbatementofchronicbronchitisD:LowerriskforlunginfectionsE:Decreasedriskforlungcancerinclosefamilymembers答案:【Reversalofemphysematouschanges】3、問題：WhichofthefollowingfindingsisLEASTlikelytobediagnosedbybronchoalveolarlavage(BAL)ina45-year-oldmalewithfeverandcough:選項：A:PulmonaryhamartomaB:PneumocystiscariniiC:MycobacteriumtuberculosisD:AdenocarcinomaE:Cytomegalovirus答案:【Pulmonaryhamartoma】4、問題：WhichofthefollowingpatientsisLEASTlikelytohavedevelopedanobstructivelungdisease:選項：A:A30-year-oldfemalewithanelevatedsweatchloridenotedinchildhoodB:A30-year-oldfemalewithadiagnosisofalpha-1-antitrypsindeficiencyC:A50-year-oldmalewhoworksindemolitionofoldbuildingsD:A60-year-oldfemalecarddealerwhosmokesE:A50-year-oldmalewithachronicpersistentcoughproductiveofexcessmucus答案:【A50-year-oldmalewhoworksindemolitionofoldbuildings】5、問題：Pulmonaryatherosclerosisismostoftenassociatedwithwhichofthefollowing:選項：A:GeneralizedatheroscleroB:BronchopneumoniaC:HypersensitivitypneumonitisD:CorpulmonaleE:Diffusealveolardamage答案:【Corpulmonale】6、問題：Lobarpneumoniaischaracterizedbyapatchydistributioninvolvingoneormorelobes,withaninflammatoryinfiltrateextendingfromthebronchiolesintotheadjacentalveoli.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】7、問題：Panacinaremphysemaisthemostcommontypeofemphysema.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】8、問題：Theclinicaldefinitionofchronicbronchitisisaproductivecoughthatoccursduringatleasttwoconsecutivemonthsoveratleastthreeconsecutiveyears.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】9、問題：Smallcellanaplasticcarcinomasarerarelyresectedbecauseofearlymetastasis.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】10、問題：Adenocarcinomasareoftenresectablebecausetheyareperipheralinlocation.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】第八章單元測試1、問題：Atthetimeofbiopsy,chronicatrophicgastritisofautoimmuneetiology(typeA)canbeassociatedwitheachofthefollowingfindingsexcept：選項：A:HelicobacterinfectionB:AchlorhydriaC:HighserumgastrinlevelsD:RiskforadenocarcinomaE:Perniciousanemia答案:【Helicobacterinfection】2、問題：Pre-neoplasticconditionsofthegastrointestinaltractincludeallofthefollowingexcept:選項：A:Barrett'sesophagusB:UlcerativecolitisC:Crohn'sdiseaseD:ChronicatrophicgastritisE:Diverticulitis答案:【Diverticulitis】3、問題：Aperirectalfistulaismostlikelytooccurinwhichofthefollowingpatients:選項：A:A66-year-oldmalewithcolonicadenocarcinomaB:A58-year-oldfemalewithdiverticulosisanddiverticulitisC:A25-year-oldfemalewithchroniculcerativecolitisD:A5-year-oldgirlwithshigellosisE:A27-year-oldmalewithCrohn'sdisease答案:【A27-year-oldmalewithCrohn'sdisease】4、問題：A45-year-oldmaleisfoundatautopsytohavea2500gmliver(normalupto1800gm)thatmicroscopicallyshowsmosthepatocytestobefilledwithlargelipiddroplets.Theprobableetiologyis:選項：A:Alpha-1-antitrypsindeficiencyB:Wilson'sdiseaseC:AcutehepatitisCD:ChronicalcoholismE:Biliarytractlithiasis答案:【Chronicalcoholism】5、問題：A54-year-oldAsianmalewhoishepatitisBsurfaceantigenpositivehasafirm,nodularliver.Allofthefollowingfindingscanoccurascomplicationsofthisconditionexcept:選項：A:HepatocellularcarcinomaB:CoagulopathyC:AscitesD:SplenomegalyE:Hepaticinfarction答案:【Hepaticinfarction】6、問題：Chronicgastritisischaracterizedbychronicmucosalinflammationandatrophyofthemucosalglands.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】7、問題：Mostoften,thegastriculceroccursatornearthegreatercurvature,intheantralandprepyloricregions.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】8、問題：ThetumorcellsofKrukenbergtumorsoftencontainabundantmucin.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】9、問題：ThetransmissionofhepatitisAvirusisviaparenteral,sexual,andverticalroutes.選項：A:對B:錯答案:【錯】10、問題：選項：A:對B:錯答案:【對】第九章單元測試1、問題：A35-year-oldmanisawakenedatnightbecauseofseverelowerabdominalpainthatradiatestothegroin.Thepainisveryintenseandcomesinwaves.Thenextmorning,henoticesbloodinhisurine.Onexamination,選項：A:AcutecystitisB:RenalcellcarcinomaC:UreterallithiasisD:HydronephrosisE:Autosomaldominantpolycystickidneydisease答案:【Ureterallithiasis】2、問題：A3-year-oldpreviouslyhealthyboyhasbecomeincreasinglylethargicforthepast3weeks.Onphysicalexamination,histemperature36.9℃，pulse80/min,respirations15/min,andbloodpressure140/90mmHg.Periorbitaledemaispresent.Urinalysisshows4+proteinuria,andnoblood,ketones,orglucose.Whichofthefollowingisthebestin選項：A:ArelativeshouldbefoundtoprovideatransplantB:AcourseofantibiotictherapyisindicatedC:RapidonsetofrenalfailureislikelyD:CorticosteroidtherapyshouldalleviatethisproblemE:Otherfamilymembersareatriskforthisdisease答案:【Corticosteroidtherapyshouldalleviatethisproblem】3、問題：A25-year-oldmanhasa5-yearhistoryofceliacsprue.Severaldaysafteramildupperrespiratoryinfection,hebeginspassingdarkred-brownurine.Thedarkurinepersistsforthenext3daysandthenbecomesclearandyellow,onlytobecomered-brownagainlmonthlater.Therearenoremarkablefindingsonphysicalexamination.UrinalysisshowsapHof6.5,specificgravity1.018,3+hematuria,l+proteinuria,andnoglucoseorketones.Microschoururineproteinlevelis200mg.Arenalbiopsyspecimenfromtheglomeruliofthispatientismostlikelytoshowwhichofthefollowingalterations?選項：A:Subepithelialelectron-densedepositsB:Granularstainingofthebasementmembranebyanti-IgGantibodiesC:MesangiallgAstainingbyimmunofluorescenceD:DiffuseproliferationandbasementmembranethickeningE:Thrombosisintheglomerularcapillaries答案:【MesangiallgAstainingbyimmunofluorescence】4、問題：A7-year-oldboyisrecoveringfromimpetigo.Physicalexaminationshowsafewhoney-coloredcrustsonhisface.Thecrustsareremoved,andacultureofthelesionsgrowsgroupAStreptococcuspyogenes.Heistreatedwithacourseofantibiotics.Oneweeklater,hedevelopsmalaisewithnaustreptolysinO(ASO)titerofl:1024.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelyoutcome?選項：A:DevelopmentofrheumaticheartdiseaseB:ChronicrenalfailureC:LowerurinarytractinfectionD:CompleterecoverywithouttreatmentE:Progressiontocrescenticglomerulonephritis答案:【Completerecoverywithouttreatment】5、問題：A15-year-oldboyhasbeenpassingdark-coloredurineforthepastmonth.Onphysicalexamination,hehasbilateralsensorineuralheartinglossandcornealerosins.UrinalysisshowsapHof6.5,specificgravity1.015,1+hematuria,1+proteinur選項：A:AcutetubularnecrosisB:BergerdiseaseC:MembranousglomerulonephritisD:DiabeticnephropathyE:Alportsyndrome答案:【Alportsyndrome】6、問題：Aftereatingacheeseburger,Frenchfries,andIcecreamfordinneronenight,a6-year-oldgirldevelopsnausea,mildabdominalcramping,andaslightfever.Threedayslater,herparentsnoticethatsheispassingdarkstoolsanddarkurineandappearsfatiguedandweak.Onphysicalexaminat選項：A:PostinfectiousglomerulonephritisC:HereditarynephritisD:Hemolytic-uremicsyndromeE:IgAnephropathy答案:【Hemolytic-uremicsyndrome】7、問題：A26-year-oldmanisinvolvedinamotorvehicleaccidentandsustainsacutebloodloss.Heishypotensiveforseveralhoursbeforeparamedicalpersonnelarrive.Theystabilizethebleedingandtransporthimtoahosp選項：A:GlomerularcrescentsinBowman'sspaceB:InterstitiallymphocyticinfiltratesC:ArteriolarfibrinoidnecrosisD:NodularglomerulosclerosisE:Ruptureofthetubularbasementmembrane答案:【Arteriolarfibrinoidnecrosis】8、問題：A50-year-oldwomanhashadfeverandflankpainforthepast2days.Onphysicalexamination,hertemperatureis38.2,pulse81/min,respirations16/min,andbloodpressure130/80mmHg.Urinalysisshows℃nop選項：A:MycobacteriumtuberculosisB:MycoplasmahominisC:EscherichiacoliD:GroupAstreptococcusE:Cryptococcusneoformans答案:【Escherichiacoli】9、問題：A29-year-oldwomanseesherphysicianbecauseshehashadafeverandsorethroatforthepast3days.Onphysicalexamination,hertemperatureis38.0.Thepharynxiserythematous,withyellowishtonsillar℃exud選項：A:DepositionofimmunecomplexeswithstreptococcalantigensB:HematogenousdisseminationofsepticemboliC:RenaltubularcellnecrosiscausedbybacterialtoxinsD:HypersensitivityreactiontoampicillinE:Formationofantibodiesagainstglomerularbasementmembrane答案:【Hematogenousdisseminationofsepticemboli;Renaltubularcellnecrosiscausedbybacterialtoxins;Hypersensitivityreactiontoampicillin;Formationofantibodiesagainstglomerularbasementmembrane】10、問題：A25-year-oldwomanexperiencessuddenonsetoffever,malaise,nausea.Onphysicalexamination,hertemperatureis38.2,pulse85/min,respirations18/min,andbloodpressure140/90mmHg.Aroutine℃urinadensesubepithelial"humps”.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?選項：A:GoodpasturesyndromeB:SystemicamyloidosisC:MembranousglomerulonephritisD:DiabetesmellitusE:Postinfectiousglomerulonephritis答案:【Membranousglomerulonephritis】第十章單元測試1、問題：A10-year-oldpreviouslyhealthychildhasbeennotedbyherparentstobeconstantlythirsty.Sheisconsuminglargeamountsofsoftdrinks.Sheisurinatingoften.Herdietandexercisepatternshavenotchanged,exce選項：A:IncreasedbloodinsulinB:DecreasedbloodglucagonC:KetonuriaD:I