從句練習答案

從句練習答案主要從句分析I.名詞從句（NominalClause）名詞從句是指在復合句中當名詞使用的從句，它可以作主語，賓語，表語，同位語等，所以也相應稱為主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句主要由以下幾種構成。A.連詞that引導的名詞從句1.Itiscommonlybelievedthatenvironmenthasaprofoundeffect/influenceonone’spersonality.普遍認為環(huán)境對人的性格有深遠的影響。2.Medicalsciencehasprovedthatanimalfatsandexcessiveintakeofsugardamagepeople’shealth.醫(yī)學已經(jīng)證明動物脂肪和過量的糖分攝入對健康有害。3.Thefactthatyoungpeoplenowadaysareself-centered,indifferentandinconsiderateislargelytheoutcomeoftheirparents’indulgenceintheirchildhood.當今的年輕人以自我為中心，對人冷漠和不顧及他人，這很大程度上是孩童時期他們父母對他們過于縱容的結果。4.Animalrightactivistsclaimthatanimaltestsarecruel,immoralandunnecessary.動物權益保護聲稱動物實驗很殘忍，不人道和沒必要。5.Theassumptionthatrobotswillmakehumansredundantandreplaceableisuntenable/groundless.認為機器人將令人類變得多余和可替代的假設是站不住腳的。B.if,whether,whetherornot,whether…ornot引導從句，常接在know,wonder,doubt,care之后。Whether引導的名詞從句可以作主語，動詞賓語和介詞賓語，而if從句卻只能作動詞賓語，不能作主語或者介詞賓語。1.Thereisaheateddebateoverwhetherweshouldallowchildrentoplaycomputergames.關于該不該容許小孩打電子游戲有著一場激烈的爭論。2.Whetherornotcamerasshouldbeinstalledinpublicareashasarousedwidepublicconcern..該不該在公共場所安裝攝像機引發(fā)了公眾的廣泛關心。C.連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which等wh-詞既充當連接詞，連接主語和從句，又在從句中擔當一定的語法成分，作主語賓語和補語。1.IamnotsurewhoseideaIshouldagreewith.我不肯定我該贊成誰的意見。2.Wecan’timaginewhateffectsgarbagewillexertonourlives.我們很難想象垃圾將對我們的生活造成什么影響。3.Whoshouldberesponsibleforourseniorcitizenshasbeenwidelydiscussedinourcommunity.誰對我們的老人負責這個問題在社區(qū)里被廣泛討論。4.Wearestillnotsurewhatbenefitsspaceexplorationwillbringus.我們還不清楚太空探索將給我們帶來什么好處。D.連接副詞：when,where,why,how1.Howwecanimprovethepresenttrafficsituationhasbeenwidelydiscussedinourcommunitythesedays.近來在我們社區(qū)人們廣泛討論如何改善交通現(xiàn)狀。2.Wherewecandisposeoftheincreasingrubbishisagreatheadachetomanygovernments.在哪兒處置日益增多的垃圾對于許多政府而言是個頭痛的事情。3.Inthisessay,Iintendtoexplorewhymanyyoungfemalescommitcrimesthesedays.在本文，我將探討為什么近年來許多青年婦女犯罪的問題。4.Thisdiagramdescribes/demonstrates/revealshowamicrowaveovenworks.該圖表描述了微波爐是怎樣工作的。5.Howthenuclearwastecanbeproperlydisposedofisanurgentproblemforscientistsandpoliticiansalike.如何恰當?shù)靥幹煤藦U料對于科學家和政治家們是個迫切的問題。II.形容詞/定語從句（Adjective/RelativeClause）作定語用的從句一般都是用關系代詞或者關系副詞引起的，它不能單獨存在，只能從屬于某一主句。先行詞是關系代詞所修飾的一個詞或者詞組。A.關系代詞：who,whom,whose,which,that,as一方面代表定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或者代詞，一方面又在從句中擔任一個成分，如主語，賓語，表語或者定語。1.Thosepeoplewhosupportdeathpenaltyhavethefollowingreasons.那些支持死刑的人持有以下理由。2.TheDayCentreisestablishedtotakecareofthechildrenwhoseparentsworkduringtheday.日托中心是為了照料那些父母白天上班的小孩而建立的。3.Thosestudentswhoholdaforeigndegreeseemtobemoreself-confident,independentandwell-informed.擁有外國學位的學生似乎更加自信，獨立和見多識廣。4.Asisknowntoall,theInternetisaatwo-edgedsword.眾所周知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是把雙刃劍。5.Somepeoplearestronglyagainsttheproposalthatissetforthbyanimalrightsactivists.有些人強烈反對動物權益保護者提出的建議。6.Thebalancedintakeoffood,thevarietyoffoodandthepositivelifestylearetheonlythingsthatwillpreventpeoplefromgettingoverweight.均衡的食物攝入量，食物的多樣性和積極的生活方式就是使人不會肥胖的要素。7.Thosewomenwhoretreattocompletedomesticitytendtofeeldepressed,lonelyandlost.那些回家做全職太太的婦女往往感到沮喪，孤獨和失落。8.Ascanbeseenfromthepiechart,chickenhasthehighestpercentage/proportion,whichaccountsfor/makesup40%,whilefishhasthelowestpercentage,at10%如餅圖所示，雞肉的份額最大，占40%，而魚肉的比例最小，為10%。B.關系副詞：when,where,why1.Agapyearisaperiodoftimewhenhighschoolgraduatescantravel,dovolunteerworkortakecasualjobsbeforetheyfurthertheirstudyinuniversities.GAPYEAR是指中學畢業(yè)生在上大學前去旅游，做義工或者做臨時工的一段時間。2.Ilookforwardtoadaywhenwecanenjoyacleanandquietenvironment.我盼望著有一天能享有干凈和安靜的環(huán)境。3.Thezooisanidealresearchcenterwherescientistscandoexperimentsonanimalstodiscoverthecausesofsomediseasesandfindnewtreatment.動物園是個理想的研究中心，科學家們可以在動物身上做實驗，找出一些疾病的成因并研制出新的療法。4.Thereasonwhymanyyoungstudentsgotostudyabroadisthattheycantastetheforeigncultureandmasteraforeignlanguage.許多年輕的學生去外國留學是因為他們有機會品位外國文化和掌握一門外語。5.ThatisthereasonwhyIdonotsupporttheinstallationofcamerasinpublicareas.這就是我為什么不贊成在公共場所安裝攝像機的原因。II.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句◆定語從句可以分成限制性定語從句（restrictiveattributiveclauses）和非限制性定語從句（non-restrictiveattributiveclauses）兩種。限制性定語從句使修飾的詞代表一個（些）或一類特定的人或東西，對先行詞進行限制，而非限制性定語從句對先行詞不起限制作用，僅是添加描述性內容和補充內容，省去它并不影響先行詞。1.Heisoneoftheboyswhoalwaysdowellatschool.——HeisJack’sbrother,whoalwaysdoeswellatschool.2.Heisamanwhohasdesignedmanywonderfulbuildings.3.LeiFeng,whogaveallhislifetothepeople,setagoodexampletous.4.Myfather,whoisafamouswriter,graduatedfromBeijingUniversity.5.WewillstayatahotelwhichislocatednearTiananmenSquare.6.WewillstayatTiananhotel,whichislocatednearTiananmenSquare.7.Herhusband,whoisajournalist,hasbeentoseveralcountries.8.Herhusbandwhoisajournalisthasbeentoseveralcountries.(Shehasseveralhusbands?)9.Beijingismyhometown,wheretherearemanyfamousscenicspotsworthvisiting.◆定語從句一般是修飾名詞或代詞的，但是間或也可以修飾整個句子或者是句子的一部分。1.Thewaiterswereindifferenttoourrequest,whichmadeusveryangry.服務員對我們的要求充耳不聞，令我們非常生氣。2.Theanimalexperimenthasbeencancelled,whichisexactlywhatweexpect.動物實驗被取消了，這正是我們所期望的。3.Hissonsurvivedintheaircrash,whichmadehimveryhappy.他的兒子在空難中幸免于難，令他非常開心。4.Manycarsareparkedalongthestreets,whichisthedirectcauseoftrafficcongestion.許多汽車停在路旁，這正是交通阻塞的直接原因。IV.關系代詞與先行詞的關系◆在all,everything,anything,none,little,fewmuch,only以及形容詞最高級后，關系代詞用that.1.Allwhattheantivivisectionistssayistrue.—Allthattheantivivisectionistssayistrue.2.Nothingwhatthegovernmentdoesisjustified.—Nothingthatthegovernmentdoesisjustified.◆what是一個本身包含著先行詞的（關系代詞），主句中不能再有先行詞，反之，若主句已經(jīng)有先行詞，則不能用what，而用that1.Thethingwhathepursuesisfameandmoney.—Thethingthathepursuesisfameandmoney.◆引導非限制性定語從句，不能用that或者what，應該用which或者who1.Thegovernmentdecidedtoinvestmoneyinartisticprojects,whichangeredthepublicwhoareinurgentneedoffundsineducationandmedicalcare.2.Manyanimalsarecaged,chainedandkeptaspets,whichseriouslyviolatesthebasicrightofanimals.V.副詞/狀語從句狀語從句可以用來修飾謂語（或者其他動詞），定語或者狀語，或者是整個句子。狀語從句可以用來表示時間，地點，原因，目的，結果，條件，行為方式，比較關系，讓步等。狀語從句常由以下表示從屬關系的連詞引導出來。如：after,because,sothat,wherever,although,unless,asif,eventhough,while,aslongas,when,since,where等?！舯頃r間的狀語從句可以由when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,nowthat,once,solongas,assoonas詞引導。1.Aslongaseveryoneisfullyawareofthesignificanceofenvironmentalprotectionandtakessomeeffectivemeasures,Iamfullyconfidentthatwecanovercome\tacklethepollutionproblem.只要每個人都充分意識到環(huán)境保護的重要性，并采取有效措施，我堅信我們一定能克服污染問題的。2.Destructionofthelandhasincreasedasthegrowingamountofnaturalvegetationisremovedtomakeroomformorehouses,roadsandhighways.隨著大量自然植被讓位于房屋，道路和高速公路，土地的破壞程度也日益增加。3.OurdietarystructurehasundergonedrasticchangessincewesternfastfoodwasintroducedintoChinaadecadeago.自從十年前西式快餐進入中國后，我們的飲食結構發(fā)生了巨大變化。4.Somefeasiblestepsshouldbetakenbeforethingsgetworse.在事態(tài)惡化之前，必須采取可行的步驟。5.Theenvironmentwillnotbeimproveduntilthedisposableproductsarebanned.只有禁用一次性產(chǎn)品，環(huán)境才有可能得到改善?！舯硎镜攸c的從句由Whereorwherever引導。1.Somemurdercasesalsooccurwherecamerasareinstalled.在安裝了攝像機的地方同樣也發(fā)生了一些謀殺案。2.Manyrareanimalsareonthevergeofextinctionwhereenvironmentalpollutionisserious.在環(huán)境污染嚴重的地方，許多珍稀動物處于滅跡的邊緣。3.Manypeopleprefertoshopwheretheycanbesureofquality.4.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。5.Thecrimeratesoarswheredrugsarerampant.在毒品猖獗的地方，犯罪率就急劇上升?！舯硎驹虻膹木淇梢杂蒩s,because,since等引導。1.Sincestudentsareintheirformativeyears,sometimestheycannottellrightfromwrong.由于學生處于成型期，他們有時不能辨明是非。2.Ascomputersarewidelyusedinallaspectsofourdailylives,computerknowledgehasbecomeamusttoamodernman.由于電腦被廣泛使用于日常生活的方方面面，電腦知識成了現(xiàn)代人必備的知識。3.Animalsarewidelyusedinmedicalresearchbecausescientistscanconductexperimentsonthemtofindoutthecausesofsomediseasesandtheirtreatment.動物被廣泛用于醫(yī)學實驗，因為科學家可以通過在它們身上做實驗來找出某些疾病的原因并研制出治療方法。4.Afierceargumentwasinevitablebecausepeopleheldsomanydifferentviewsonthishottopic.由于人們對這熱點問題持有許多不同觀點，一場激烈的爭論在所難免?！舯硎灸康牡膹木淇梢杂蓆hat,sothat,inorderthat等引起。1.Nowadaysfarmersareusingavarietyofpesticidesandfertilizerssothattheycangrowbiggerharvests.現(xiàn)在，為了提高產(chǎn)量，農民使用各種不同類型的殺蟲劑和肥料。2.Ourmunicipalgovernmentdecidestodemolishtheoldhousesinthecitycentersothatmoremodernhigh-risebuildingscanbeerected.市政府決定拆除市中心的舊房子，以便建設更多現(xiàn)代化的高層建筑。3.AsiatakesanIELTStrainingcourseatLongreIELTSTrainingSchoolsothatshecanachieveahigherscore.Asia在朗閣雅思學校參加雅思培訓，目的是取得更高的分數(shù)。4.Morestrictlawsandregulationsshouldbeconstituted/establishedsothattherateofjuveniledelinquency/teenagecrimewillbelowered.應當制定更嚴厲的法律法規(guī)來降低青少年犯罪率。5.Weshouldavoideatingfoodwithhighfatandhighcaloriessothatwecanstayhealthy.為了身體健康，我們應該避免吃含有高脂肪高熱量的食物。◆表示結果的從句可以由that,sothat,so…that,such….that等引導。1.Thecostofeducationisrisingsorapidlythatcollegestudentshavetotakeapart–timejobtorelievetheirparents’financialburden.教育費用快速增長，不少大學生通過兼職來減輕父母的經(jīng)濟負擔。2.ManystudentsweresoboredbythelecturegivenbyMissAsiathattheyleftbeforetheendoftheclass.Asia老師的課太沉悶了，以至于很多學生課還沒下就走了。3.Thesocialcompetitionissofiercethatmanypeoplesufferfrominsomniaanddepression.社會競爭太激烈了，許多人患有失眠癥和抑郁癥。4.Insomniabecomessoprevalentthatithasdrawntheattentionofdoctorsworldwide.失眠癥太普遍了，引起了全世界醫(yī)生的關注。5.Robotsareusedsowidelythatmanyworkersarelaidoff.機器人被廣泛運用，以至于許多工人被裁員。◆表示條件的從句可以由if,unless,suppose,incase,solongas,sofaras,providedthat等引導。1.IshouldbeverygratefulifyouwouldconsiderMissAsia’sapplication.如您能考慮Asia小姐的申請，我將不勝感激。2.Pleasedonothesitatetocontactusifyouneedanyfurtherinformationabouthisexperienceandqualification.如果您需要有關他資歷的更多情況，請隨時與我們聯(lián)系。3.Ifthematterisnotproperlysettled,Iwillaskforafullrefund,orIwillfileacomplaintwiththeConsumers’Association.如果此事未能得到妥善解決，我要求你給我全額退款，否則我將投訴到消委會。4.Ifyouoverindulgeinplayingcomputergames,youaresuretolackemotionalcontactwithyourfamilymembersandfriends.如果過分沉迷于打游戲機，你肯定會與家人和朋友缺乏足夠的感情交流。5.IfIamaskedtomakeachoicebetweenthetwovi