山東省菏澤市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

20222023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試高一英語試題(A)注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2．答題前，考生務(wù)必將姓名、班級(jí)等個(gè)人信息填寫在答題卡指定位置。3．考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisMarygoing?A.ToEmily’shouse.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toalibrary.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gethishaircut.B.Mailaletter.C.Gotoschool.3.Whatmadethewomanbuytheskirt?A.Itscolor.B.Itsstyle.C.Itsmaterial.4.Howmuchchangeshouldthewomangivetheman?A.20yuan.B.30yuan.C.50yuan.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?A.Moving.B.Confusing.C.Interesting.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomanetoseetheman?A.Tocheckhisbag.B.Topickhimup.C.Toreturnhiscase.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Atanairport.C.Inahotel.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Stormy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Getinthecar.B.Walkbackhome.C.Closethewindows.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whyisthewomanannoyedwiththeman?A.Heleavesthebabycrying.B.Heallowsthebabytosmoke.C.Heplaysrockmusicforthebaby.11.Whatisthemangoingtodointheend?A.Singalongwithmusic.B.ReadaboutBeethoven.C.Putonclassicalmusic.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.14.Howoftendoesthemandrivehiscar?A.Almosteveryday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.15.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodowhilecycling?A.Keephimselfwarm.B.Observetrafficlights.C.Havehisheadprotected.16.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toasportsshop.B.Toatrainstation.C.Tothewoman’soffice.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakertryingtodo?A.Attractcustomers.B.Givedirections.C.Offeradvice.18.WhereisJackson’sStore?A.Nexttoapark.B.Inasmallbuilding.C.DowntownonThirdStreet.19.WhoaretheTshirtsandpantsatJackson’sStorefor?A.Women.B.Children.C.Men.20.WhydoesthespeakersuggestgoingtoJackson’sStoretoday?A.Thereisabigsale.B.Therearefreeshorts.C.Therearenicenewshoes.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInordertocelebratetheingEarthDay,ourschoollibraryisgoingtoholdaspecialcontest.Allstudentsinourschoolareinvitedtouserecycledmaterialstocreateaworkofart.Rules:★Oneentry(參賽作品)perstudent.★Atleast70%ofthematerialsusedtomakeyourentryarerecycledmaterials.Pleasedonotincludeanythingthatcannotbesafelyrecycled.★Yourentrymustbenolargerthan42inchesinanyonedirectionanditmustbeabletostandaloneonthetable.★Yourentrymustbeyourowncreation.Don’tcopyideasfromothers.*Writeyourname,age,phonenumberandemailaddressonthebackofyourentry.★Theentrymustbesubmitted(提交)totheFrontDeskofthelibrarybefore4pmon18April2022.Prizes:Alltheentrieswillbeshowninthelibrary’sfrontwindow.Everyonewillhavethechancetovote(投票)fortheirfavouriteentriesfrom19to21April2022．Threewinnerswillbechosen．Theresultswillbepostedontheschoolwebsiteon22April2022.Winnerswillreceive$200,$100or$50giftcardstoalocalartstore.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourschoolwebsiteath.1.What’sthedeadlineforsubmissionoftheentry?A.6pmon19April2022.B.4pmon18April2022.C.4pmon21April2022.D.6pmon20April2022.2.On22April2022,whatwillEmmagetifshewinsthecontest?A.Amedal.B.Somemoney.C.Agiftcard.D.Alibrarycard.3.What’sthewritingpurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroduceaspecialcontest.B.Toencouragestudentstoreducewaste.C.ToexplaintheimportanceofEarthDay.D.Toaskstudentstovotefortheirfavouriteentries.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹學(xué)校在圖書館舉辦的特殊比賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules部分“Theentrymustbesubmitted(提交)totheFrontDeskofthelibrarybefore4pmon18April2022.(參賽作品必須在2022年4月18日下午4點(diǎn)前提交到圖書館前臺(tái)。)”可知，參賽作品提交的截止時(shí)間是2022年4月18日下午4點(diǎn)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分“Winnerswillreceive$200,$100or$50giftcardstoalocalartstore.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔@得到200美元，100美元或50美元的當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)商店禮品卡。)”可知，2022年4月22日，如果艾瑪贏得比賽，她會(huì)得到當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)商店禮品卡。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“InordertocelebratetheingEarthDay,ourschoollibraryisgoingtoholdaspecialcontest.(為了慶祝即將到來的地球日，我們學(xué)校圖書館將舉辦一場(chǎng)特別比賽。)”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了介紹一場(chǎng)特別的比賽。故選A。BCa?oCristalesisafamousriverinColombiaknownasthe“riveroffivecolours”.Itisalsoconsideredbymanyasthemostbeautifulriverintheworld.LocatedintheSerraníadelaMacarenaNationalParkinColombia,theriverismadeupofseveralwaterfalls,rapidsandplentyofpools.Withalengthofaround62miles,itliesentirelywithinthenationalpark.FromJanuarytoMay,Ca?oCristaleslookslikeanyotherriver.Thereisabedofrockscoveredwithmoss(苔蘚)belowacool,clearriver.However，betweenJuneandearlyDecemberthemostamazingchangetakesplacethere.Duringthistime,theriverbeesamixofcolours,includingyellow,blue,green,orangeandred.AnditisthemostbeautifulfromJulytoOctober.Atfirst,peoplethoughtthecoloursmightbemanmade.However,thisrainbowlikeriverisformedpletelynaturally.Thecoloursaretheresultofarareplantintheriverwhichchangesitscoloursaccordingtohowmuchsunlightitreceives.Theplantisbeautifulbutweak.Thismakesiteasilydamaged.Withintheparktherearealotofhumanactivitiesthatmaycausedamagetotheriver.NormallyfrommidDecembertoMay,theriverisclosedtotouriststogivethearea’secosystemabreak.Also,duringthedryseasonthereisnotenoughwatertosupportlifeintheriver.Anyway,Ca?oCristalesstandsoutasoneofColombia’smostpopularnaturalattractions,drawingthousandsoftouristseveryyear.4.Toenjoythemostbeautifulviewoftheriver,youcanvisititin________.A.JanuaryB.AprilC.JuneD.October5.Whydoestheriverhavesomanycolors?A.Becausetheriverisartificial.B.Becausethereisarainbowintheriver.C.Becauseaplantintherivercanchangeitscolours.D.Becausetherearelotsofcolourfulrocksintheriver.6.Whatcanyoulearnabouttheriverfromthetext?A.Theriveriscolourfulallthetime.B.Theriverisclosedmostoftheyear.C.Thebeautyoftherivercanbedamagedeasily.D.Lifeintheriverdoesn’tneedmuchwatertosupport.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Inageographymagazine.B.Inabusinessnewspaper.C.Inasciencereport.D.Inastorybook.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是哥倫比亞著名的河流Ca?oCristales，它被稱為“五色之河”，也被許多人認(rèn)為是世界上最美麗的河流?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“AnditisthemostbeautifulfromJulytoOctober.(從七月到十月是最美麗的。)”可知，要欣賞最美麗的河流景色，你可以在十月來觀賞，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thecoloursaretheresultofarareplantintheriverwhichchangesitscoloursaccordingtohowmuchsunlightitreceives.(這些顏色是河里一種稀有植物的結(jié)果，它會(huì)根據(jù)它接受的陽光的多少而改變顏色。)”可知，這條河有這么多顏色是因?yàn)楹永锏闹参锟梢愿淖冾伾９蔬xC。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Theplantisbeautifulbutweak.Thismakesiteasilydamaged.Withinthepark,therearealotofhumanactivitiesthatmaycausedamagetotheriver.(這株植物很漂亮，但很弱。這使得它很容易損壞。在公園內(nèi)，有很多人類活動(dòng)可能會(huì)對(duì)河流造成破壞。)”可知，這條河的美麗很容易被破壞。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Ca?oCristalesisafamousriverinColombiaknownasthe“riveroffivecolours”.Itisalsoconsideredbymanyasthemostbeautifulriverintheworld.(Ca?oCristales是哥倫比亞著名的河流，被稱為“五色之河”。它也被許多人認(rèn)為是世界上最美麗的河流。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是哥倫比亞著名的河流Ca?oCristales，是關(guān)于國家地理的，因此可能來自于地理雜志，故選A。CThecityofBrightonandHoveisaskingtouse“beebricks”intheconstructionofallbuildingsabove5meterstohelpencouragebeeswhichdon’tharmhumanstonest(筑巢)inthem.BeebricksarewhatseemtobepiecesofSwisscheese,buttheyareactuallynormalbuildingbrickscreatedwithsmallholesintowhichbeestypicallynest.Oldbrickbuildingshavebeenconsideredasexcellenthabitatforbees,soBrightonandHoveistryingtousethissimpleinventiontooffermoreroomtobees.Noteveryoneconcursthatthesebeebricksareagoodidea.Somepointoutthatthereisnotenoughproofthattheholesarelargeenoughforabeenest,thattheyhaveapopulationimpact,orthattheholeshavetobecleanedtopreventharmfulmites(螨蟲)fromlivingthere.However,therearestudiesthatfindbeeswillbuildnestsinsidetheseholesandcaptheentrywaystohibernate(冬眠).Somescientistsaddthatthemiteswilldisappearafteroneortwoseasonsandthattheydon’tneedtobecleaned.LarsChittka,aprofessoratQueenMaryUniversity,saidthatbeesnaturallyownhygienic(衛(wèi)生的)behaviorthatwouldallowthemtoreducetherisksatleasttosomedegree,orthattheywouldexaminetheholes’statesbeforeusingthem,whichshouldtosomedegreereducetherisksthatewithsuchlongtermnestingopportunities.FayeClifton,CEOofGreen&Blue,thepanythatmakesthebricks,saysmodernbuildingsdon’thavethesenaturalholesbeesdependon.Ifnotforbeebricks,shewarns,hundredsofmilesoflandcouldloseitsbiologicaldiversity.Shealsostressesbeefriendlyplantingneedstogowiththeuseofbeebricksasmostbeeswillonlysearchforfoodwithin100metersoftheirnestingplaces.8.WhyisSwisscheesementioned?A.Toshowthefunctionofbeebricks.B.Toshowthepopularityofbeebricks.C.Toshowtheappearanceofbeebricks.D.Toshowtheinspirationforbeebricks.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concurs”inParagraph3mean?A.Agrees.B.Suggests.C.ments.D.Realizes.10.WhatdoLarsChittka’swordsshow?A.Beesaregoodattakingrisks.B.Beeslikethebeebricksbest.C.Beeswilllivewellinthebeebricks.D.Beeslikecleanlivingenvironments.11.WhatmayFayeCliftonagreewith?A.Modernbuildingsarenotgreenenough.B.Thenumberofbeefriendlyplantsistoosmall.C.Itishardtoincreasebiologicaldiversityincities.D.Beefriendlyplantingshouldbeneartobeebricks.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹蜂磚的外形，特點(diǎn)及用蜂磚為蜜蜂筑巢優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“BeebricksarewhatseemtobepiecesofSwisscheese,buttheyareactuallynormalbuildingbrickscreatedwithsmallholesintowhichbeestypicallynest.(蜜蜂磚看起來像瑞士奶酪塊，但它們實(shí)際上是普通的建筑磚，上面有小孔，蜜蜂通常會(huì)在其中筑巢。)”可知，蜂磚像奶酪塊一樣，上面有小孔。故推知提到瑞士奶酪是為了展現(xiàn)出蜂磚的外形，故選C。9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Somepointoutthatthereisnotenoughproofthattheholesarelargeenoughforabeenest,thattheyhaveapopulationimpact,orthattheholeshavetobecleanedtopreventharmfulmites(螨蟲)fromlivingthere.(一些人指出，沒有足夠的證據(jù)表明這些洞足夠大，可以容納蜂巢，它們對(duì)人口有影響，或者必須清理這些洞以防止有害的螨蟲生活在那里。)”可知，本段主要介紹蜂磚的缺點(diǎn)，故推知有些人不同意使用蜂磚。因?yàn)榈谌尉涫子蟹穸ㄔ~Not，故推知concurs表示“同意”，與agrees意義一致。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“LarsChittka,aprofessoratQueenMaryUniversity,saidthatbeesnaturallyownhygienic(衛(wèi)生的)behaviorthatwouldallowthemtoreducetherisksatleasttosomedegree,orthattheywouldexaminetheholes’statesbeforeusingthem,whichshouldtosomedegreereducetherisksthatewithsuchlongtermnestingopportunities.(倫敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)大學(xué)教授LarsChittka表示，蜜蜂天生具有衛(wèi)生的行為，這至少可以在一定程度上降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，或者它們會(huì)在使用之前檢查洞的狀態(tài)，這應(yīng)該在一定程度上降低這種長期筑巢機(jī)會(huì)帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，LarsChittka支持蜜蜂住在蜂磚里。故推知LarsChittka表明蜜蜂會(huì)在蜜蜂磚中生活得很好。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shealsostressesbeefriendlyplantingneedstogowiththeuseofbeebricksasmostbeeswillonlysearchforfoodwithin100metersoftheirnestingplaces.(她還強(qiáng)調(diào)，蜜蜂友好型的植物需要與蜂磚一起投入到使用中，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)蜜蜂只會(huì)在筑巢地點(diǎn)100米內(nèi)尋找食物。)”可知，F(xiàn)ayeClifton認(rèn)為大多數(shù)蜜蜂只會(huì)在筑巢地點(diǎn)100米內(nèi)尋找食物，所以應(yīng)該將蜜蜂友好型的植物靠近蜂磚一些。故推知FayeClifton贊同蜜蜂友好型的植物靠近蜂磚一些，故選D。DDespitemanyairpollutionreductionpolicies(政策)designedtoimprovehealth,thesearealwaysineffective.Oftenthisisbecausetheyfailtoconsiderlocalknowledgeandculturalpractices.Previousresearchsuggeststhatpeopleshouldbeputatthecentreofdevelopingwaysaroundtheproblem.Thus,astudyhasbeendonetoconfirmit.Oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,Dr.CressidaBowyerfromtheUniversityofPortsmouth,says,“Forthefirsttime,astudyhasplacedartsandhumanities(人文學(xué)科)methodsatthecentreoftheexplorationofperceptions(感知)ofairpollution.Workingwithlocalmunities,wewereabletodiscoverhowpeoplethereunderstoodairpollution.”ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPortsmouth,andresearchersandexpertsfromtheUK,KenyaandSwedenworkedtogetherwithlocalpeopleinMukuruinNairobi,thecapitalofKenyainEastAfrica,toexplorearangeofmethodsincludingstorytelling,music,artandtheatretoexploreunderstandingsofairpollution.Somemunitymembersmadedigital(數(shù)字的)storiesbytakingphotosaroundMukuruwhichtoldtheirstoryofairpollution.Trainedmunityresearchershelpedschoolchildrentocreatedrawnand/orwrittenstoriesoftheirexperiencesofairpollution.TheatrepieceswerepresentedinkeymunityspacesaroundMukuru.Suggestionsweregivenbytheaudienceabouthowtosolvetheproblemandlocalpeopleactedouttheirsuggestionsaspartofthetheatre.Thesong“Mazingira”,whichexplainedtheproblemsofairpollution,hadbeenplayedonnationalradioandtelevisionstationswithanaudienceofaboutthreemillionpeople.Dr.SarahWest,PrincipalInvestigatorattheStockholmEnvironmentCentre,says,“FromthisrangeofmethodswehavegotamoredetailedunderstandingofhowairpollutionisperceivedandunderstoodinMukuru.Theprojectalsocreatednewspacesforconversationsaboutthetopicofairpollutioninthemunity.Weexpectotherresearcherswishingtodiscussdifficultproblemstousevariouscreativemethodstohaveawiderangeofpeopletakepartintheiractivities.Thiscanleadtounexpectedunderstandingsthatmaynototherwiseexist.”12.Whyaremanyairpollutionreductionpoliciesineffectiveaccordingtothetext?A.Localpeopledon’tcareabouttheissue.B.Littleattentionispaidtolocalpeople.C.Nooneisresponsibleforofferingsolutions.D.Policymakersdon’thaveenoughexperience.13.WhichofthefollowingwasacreativemethodusedtoexploretheairpollutionissueinMukuru?A.Fullyacceptinglocalpeople’sproposals.B.Invitingactorstogiveprofessionalperformancesintheaters.C.Traininglocalstudentstoreduceairpollution.D.Usingmusictomakepeoplerealizetheproblem.14.WhatdoesSarahWestadviseresearcherstodoabouttalkingaboutdifficultproblems?A.Tohaveamoredetailedunderstanding.B.Tocreativelygetmanypeopletojoinin.C.Tohaveconversationsinmunities.D.Toattractsupportfromlocalexperts.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowCanLocalPeopleMakeFurtherResearch?B.AirpollutionProblemsCannotBeSolvedTraditionallyC.HowCanMusic,DanceAndArtHelpCutAirPollution?D.ResearchersHelpPeopleinNairobiCutAirPollution【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明許多減少空氣污染的政策無效，并研究幫助減少空氣污染的有效方法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Despitemanyairpollutionreductionpolicies(政策)designedtoimprovehealth,thesearealwaysineffective.Oftenthisisbecausetheyfailtoconsiderlocalknowledgeandculturalpractices.Previousresearchsuggeststhatpeopleshouldbeputatthecentreofdevelopingwaysaroundtheproblem.(盡管有許多旨在改善健康，減少空氣污染的政策，但這些政策總是無效的。這通常是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有考慮當(dāng)?shù)氐闹R(shí)和文化習(xí)俗。先前的研究表明，應(yīng)該將人置于找出解決問題的方法的中心。)”可知，許多減少空氣污染的政策無效的原因是很少關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)厝?，沒有將人置于解決問題的中心，故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesong“Mazingira”,whichexplainedtheproblemsofairpollution,hadbeenplayedonnationalradioandtelevisionstationswithanaudienceofaboutthreemillionpeople.(解釋空氣污染問題的歌曲“Mazingira”已在國家廣播電臺(tái)和電視臺(tái)播放，聽眾約為300萬人。)”可知，通過歌曲，音樂使人意識(shí)到問題是用于探索Mukuru空氣污染問題的創(chuàng)造性方法，故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weexpectotherresearcherswishingtodiscussdifficultproblemstousevariouscreativemethodstohaveawiderangeofpeopletakepartintheiractivities.(我們希望其他希望討論難題的研究人員使用各種創(chuàng)造性方法讓廣泛的人參與他們的活動(dòng)。)”可知，SarahWest建議研究人員在談?wù)摾щy問題時(shí)使用各種創(chuàng)造性方法讓廣泛的人參與，故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofPortsmouth,andresearchersandexpertsfromtheUK,KenyaandSwedenworkedtogetherwithlocalpeopleinMukuruinNairobi,thecapitalofKenyainEastAfrica,toexplorearangeofmethodsincludingstorytelling,music,artandtheatretoexploreunderstandingsofairpollution.(樸茨茅斯大學(xué)的研究人員以及來自英國，肯尼亞和瑞典的研究人員和專家與東非肯尼亞首都內(nèi)羅畢Mukuru的當(dāng)?shù)厝撕献?，探索一系列方法，包括講故事，音樂，藝術(shù)和戲劇，以探索對(duì)空氣污染的理解。)”可知，文章主要說明許多減少空氣污染的政策無效，并研究音樂、舞蹈和藝術(shù)如何幫助減少空氣污染。故文章標(biāo)題為HowCanMusic,DanceAndArtHelpCutAirPollution?(音樂、舞蹈和藝術(shù)如何幫助減少空氣污染？)，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmayhaveheardthecontinentalbreakfast(歐式早餐).____16____Itusuallyincludesbreadproducts,fruit,coffee,etc.Andthemealistypicallypresentedinabuffet(餐飲部),fromwhichguestscanhelpthemselves.____17____However,thecontinentalbreakfastdoesn’trefertotheEnglishbreakfast,whichoftenincludesmeat,cereals,fruitandevenvegetablesinadditiontobreadproducts,juiceandhotdrinks.A“continentalbreakfast”describesthetypeofbreakfastyou’dmeetinEurope,especiallyFrance.Itislighter,cheaperandmoredelicate(精致的).Nowadays,manyhotelsworldwideareofferingcontinentalbreakfasts.____18____Theydon’tneedmuchstafftopreparethem.Besides,acontinentalbreakfastisconvenientfortravelerswhomightnothavemuchtimeforamealinthemorning.Acontinentalbreakfastisusuallyprovidedinhotelsforaspecificperiodoftimeduringthemorning.Thefoodistypicallyplacedonalargetable.Objectslikeforksandknivesareputbeside.Theremightbetablesandchairswhereguestscansitandeat.____19____Mosthotelsthatoffercontinentalbreakfastswilltellgueststhetimeperiodwhenthefoodwillbeavailable.____20____Thus,guestswhowaituntilneartheendoftheavailabilitytimeperiodshouldexpectthatthesupplyofsomeitemsmightbegone.Also,itisconsideredtobeimpoliteforaguesttotakeverylargeamountsofthefoodthatisprovided.A.Suchmealsbeemorepopular.B.Continentalbreakfastsaremon.C.Acontinentalbreakfastmeansalightbreakfast.D.Firstly,theseitemsaremorecosteffectiveforhotels.E.Theterm“continentalbreakfast”haditsbeginninginBritain.F.Manytimes,alimitedamountoffoodwillbeprovidedeachday.G.Theycanalsotaketheirbreakfastbacktotheirroomsorelsewhere.【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是歐式早餐及為什么很多酒店選擇提供歐式早餐?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmayhaveheardthecontinentalbreakfast(歐式早餐).(你可能聽說過歐式早餐。)”可知，上文介紹了歐式早餐，C項(xiàng)意為“歐式早餐意味著簡單的早餐?！边x項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，介紹了什么是歐式早餐，歐式早餐意味著簡單的早餐。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“However,thecontinentalbreakfastdoesn’trefertotheEnglishbreakfast,whichoftenincludesmeat,cereals,fruitandevenvegetablesinadditiontobreadproducts,juiceandhotdrinks.(然而，歐式早餐并不是指英式早餐，除了面包產(chǎn)品、果汁和熱飲之外，通常還包括肉類、谷物、水果甚至蔬菜。)”可知，下文告訴我們歐式早餐并不是指英式早餐，E項(xiàng)意為““歐式早餐”一詞起源于英國?！边x項(xiàng)與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，“歐式早餐”一詞起源于英國，但歐式早餐并不是指英式早餐。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Besides,acontinentalbreakfastisconvenientfortravelerswhomightnothavemuchtimeforamealinthemorning.(此外，對(duì)于早上可能沒有太多時(shí)間用餐的旅行者來說，歐式早餐很方便。)”可知，下文告訴我們?cè)S多酒店提供歐式早餐的原因，D項(xiàng)意為“首先，這些物品對(duì)酒店來說更具成本效益?！边x項(xiàng)與下文闡述內(nèi)容一致，介紹的也是許多酒店提供歐式早餐的原因，因?yàn)闅W式早餐提供的食物對(duì)酒店來說更具成本效益，選項(xiàng)中的“Firstly”和下文的“Besides”呼應(yīng)。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theremightbetablesandchairswhereguestscansitandeat.(可能有桌子和椅子，客人可以坐在那里吃飯。)”可知，上文介紹了客人可以坐在酒店提供的餐桌旁用餐，G項(xiàng)意為“他們也可以把早餐帶回房間或其他地方?！边x項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，介紹的也是客人們的用餐場(chǎng)所，不僅可以坐在酒店提供的餐桌旁用餐，也可以把早餐帶回房間或其他地方吃。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thus,guestswhowaituntilneartheendoftheavailabilitytimeperiodshouldexpectthatthesupplyofsomeitemsmightbegone.(因此，等待用餐時(shí)間快要結(jié)束時(shí)去用餐的客人應(yīng)該預(yù)料到某些食物的供應(yīng)可能會(huì)消失。)”可知，如果客人在用餐時(shí)間快要結(jié)束時(shí)去用餐，可能吃不到某些食物，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)意為“很多時(shí)候，每天都會(huì)提供有限的食物?！边x項(xiàng)與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，因?yàn)楹芏鄷r(shí)候，每天都會(huì)提供有限的食物，所以如果你去晚了，可能會(huì)吃不到某些食物。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JoeyAcu?afromCalifornia,theUShadbeenundergoingdialysis(接受透析).Every____21____lastedupto10hours,buthe____22____thesituationwouldn’tgotothepointwhereheneededakidneytransplant(腎移植).However,lastyearhereachedthis____23____.Joey____24____tofindhimselfadonor.Hewasn’tfightingjustforhisown____25____,butalsoforhiswifeandchildren.Heposteda____26____throughhisaccountonsocialmedia,seekingadonor(捐贈(zèng)者)willingtosavehim.ItwasthenthatJoeyreceiveda(n)____27____messageonsocialmedia:“HowcanIhelp?”fromJulia,oneofhis____28____.YoumaywonderwhyJuliachosetobeso____29____.Thereasonwassimple.Manyyearsago,heraunt_____30_____akidneydonorforanotherofheraunts.Theyboth_____31_____tolivehappily.Althoughshe’sanordinarycolleague(同事)andtherewere_____32_____shewishedJoeytohaveahappylifewithhisfamily.SoJulia_____33_____andchosetobeadonor.Sheunderwentmedicaltestsandwasconfirmedasa_____34_____forJoey.Finallytheyunderwentatransplantsurgery(手術(shù)).Donatingakidneyisnosmallact,representingthespiritofloveand_____35_____.Thestoryshowsthatthereareunbelievablykindpeopleintheworld.21.A.treatment B.survey C.test D.activity22.A.realized B.promised C.expected D.believed23.A.decision B.stage C.limit D.place24.A.struggled B.afforded C.failed D.refused25.A.life B.honor C.hobby D.dream26.A.suggestion B.list C.ment D.request27.A.awkward B.confusing C.polite D.simple28.A.relatives B.workmates C.leaders D.doctors29.A.negative B.late C.generous D.unusual30.A.helped B.became C.found D.interviewed31.A.continued B.forgot C.learned D.wanted32.A.challenges B.disadvantages C.doubts D.risks33.A.triedout B.gotthrough C.steppedup D.calmeddown34.A.preference B.match C.chance D.choice35.A.friendship B.attraction C.kindness D.understanding【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.A26.D27.D28.B29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JoeyAcu?a因病需要進(jìn)行腎移植，一位普通的同事Julia冒著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，為他捐獻(xiàn)了腎臟，這是一種體現(xiàn)了愛和善意的行為?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每次治療持續(xù)長達(dá)10個(gè)小時(shí)，但他預(yù)計(jì)情況不會(huì)發(fā)展到他需要腎移植的地步。A.treatment治療；B.survey調(diào)查；C.test測(cè)驗(yàn)；D.activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“JoeyAcu?afromCalifornia,theUShadbeenundergoingdialysis(接受透析).”可知，JoeyAcu?a需要定期接受透析，由此可知，每次透析治療持續(xù)長達(dá)10個(gè)小時(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次治療持續(xù)長達(dá)10個(gè)小時(shí)，但他預(yù)計(jì)情況不會(huì)發(fā)展到他需要腎移植的地步。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.promised承諾；C.expected預(yù)計(jì)；D.believed相信。根據(jù)句中“whereheneededakidneytransplant”可知，雖然JoeyAcu?a需要定期接受透析，但他預(yù)計(jì)自己的情況不會(huì)發(fā)展到需要腎移植的地步。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，去年他達(dá)到了這個(gè)階段。A.decision決定；B.stage階段；C.limit限制；D.place地點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下文“Joey_____tofindhimselfadonor.”可知，Joey正在尋找腎臟捐贈(zèng)者，由此可知，他的病情發(fā)展到了需要腎移植的階段。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Joey努力為自己找到一個(gè)捐獻(xiàn)者。A.struggled努力；B.afforded買得起；C.failed失敗；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Hewasn’tfightingjustforhisown_____,butalsoforhiswifeandchildren.”可知，Joey為了自己的生命，也為了妻子和孩子，正在與病魔作斗爭，由此可知，他努力為自己找到一個(gè)腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他不僅為自己的生命而戰(zhàn)，也為妻子和孩子而戰(zhàn)。A.life生命；B.honor榮譽(yù)；C.hobby愛好；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)上文“Joey_____tofindhimselfadonor.”可知，Joey努力為自己找到一個(gè)腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者，由此可知，這么做是為了活下去，是為自己的生命而戰(zhàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他通過自己的賬號(hào)在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一個(gè)請(qǐng)求，尋求愿意拯救他的捐贈(zèng)者。A.suggestion建議；B.list名單；C.ment評(píng)論；D.request請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)句中“seekingadonor(捐贈(zèng)者)willingtosavehim”可知，Joey努力為自己找到一個(gè)腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者，由此可知，他在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一個(gè)請(qǐng)求，請(qǐng)求捐贈(zèng)者捐獻(xiàn)腎臟。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，Joey在社交媒體上收到了一條簡單的消息：“我能幫忙嗎？”Julia，他的一個(gè)同事。A.awkward令人尷尬的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.polite有禮貌的；D.simple簡單的。根據(jù)句中“HowcanIhelp?”可知，這是一條話語簡單的消息。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，Joey在社交媒體上收到了一條簡單的消息：“我能幫忙嗎？”Julia，他的一個(gè)同事。A.relatives親屬；B.workmates同事；C.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；D.doctors醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文“Althoughshe’sanordinarycolleague”中的“colleague”可知，Julia是Joey的同事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能想知道Julia為什么選擇如此慷慨。A.negative消極的；B.late晚的；C.generous慷慨的；D.unusual不尋常的。根據(jù)下文“SoJulia_____andchosetobeadonor.”可知，Julia要為Joey捐獻(xiàn)腎臟，由此可知，她的行為是慷慨的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：多年前，她的姑姑成為她的另一位姑姑的腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者。A.helped幫助；B.became成為；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.interviewed采訪。根據(jù)句中“akidneydonor”可知，她的姑姑成為一名腎臟捐獻(xiàn)者，為她的另一位姑姑捐獻(xiàn)了腎臟。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們倆都繼續(xù)幸福地生活著。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.forgot忘記；C.learned學(xué)會(huì)；D.wanted想要。根據(jù)上文“heraunt_____akidneydonorforanotherofheraunts”可知，她的姑姑為她的另一位姑姑捐獻(xiàn)了腎臟，由此可知，因?yàn)榫璜I(xiàn)，另一位姑姑的病好了，她們倆都繼續(xù)幸福地生活著。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她是一個(gè)普通的同事，捐獻(xiàn)也有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但她希望Joey能和家人過上幸福的生活。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B.disadvantages缺點(diǎn)；C.doubts疑問；D.risks風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)下文“SoJulia_____andchosetobeadonor.”可知，Julia要為Joey捐獻(xiàn)腎臟，結(jié)合醫(yī)學(xué)常識(shí)可知，捐獻(xiàn)腎臟是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：所以Julia站了出來，選擇成為一名捐獻(xiàn)者。A.triedout試驗(yàn)；B.gotthrough熬過（困難或不快的時(shí)期）；C.steppedup走上前去，站了出來；D.calmeddown冷靜下來。根據(jù)句中“chosetobeadonor”可知，Joey在社交媒體上求助，Julia站了出來，選擇成為一名捐獻(xiàn)者。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她接受了醫(yī)學(xué)檢查，確認(rèn)與Joey匹配。A.preference偏愛；B.match相配的人（或物）；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)下文“Finallytheyunderwentatransplantsurgery”可知，Julia為Joey移植了腎臟，由此可知，她的腎臟與Joey匹配。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：捐獻(xiàn)腎臟是一個(gè)不小的行為，代表著愛和善良的精神。A.friendship友誼；B.attraction吸引力；C.kindness善良；D.understanding理解。根據(jù)句中“Donatingakidney”可知，捐獻(xiàn)腎臟的行為是人性善良的體現(xiàn)，代表著愛和善良的精神。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MynameisAdamandI’mafreshmanatseniorhighschool.____36____(go)fromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethe____37____(suit)ones:maths,English,chemistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseis____38____verydifficultlanguage,butIhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.WhenIjoinedmyclass,myadviser____39____(remend)thatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.Ihadtochooseextracurricular____40____(activity),too.Itriedtojointheschoolfootballteam,butthecoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.____41____(obvious),Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.I’llfindaway____42____(improve)onmyownsothatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.Ijoinedavolunteerclubinstead.EveryWednesday,weworkatasoupkitchenandhandoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinthemunity.IknowI’llhavetostudy____43____(hard)asaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedto____44____(be)responsibleforalotmore.I’mabitworriedaboutkeepingupwiththeotherstudentsinmyadvancedcourse,andit’llbequitedifficulttogetusedtoallthehomework.Still,I’mhappytobehere.Studyinghardisn’talwaysfun,butI’llbewellpreparedforuniversity____45____whateverelseesinthefuture.【答案】36.Going37.suitable38.a39.remended40.activities41.Obviously42.toimprove43.harder44.being45.or【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了Adam的高中生活情況?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：從初中到高中真的是一個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)。空格處用動(dòng)名詞作主語，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Going?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：學(xué)校的指導(dǎo)老師幫我選擇了合適的專業(yè)?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~suitable作定語，修飾ones，suitable意為“合適的”，故填suitable?！?8題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我知道中文是一門很難語言，但我希望畢業(yè)時(shí)能說一口流利的中文。language是可數(shù)名詞，表泛